2020年北京市高考适应性测试英语试题
五一促销广告语-二年级上册语文教学计划
2020年北京市高考适应性测试英语试题
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）
第一节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题
1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1
个适当
的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Mrs. Bailey was important in the educational
journey that carried me through
school and
into my profession. Until I joined her class, I
hadn’t believed in my ability as
a writer. She
1 (persuade) me to join the poetry society and
lit in me a fire for literature.
She
recognised 2 (I) potential and showed me that I
could write with creativity and
enthusiasm.
Because of the confidence she inspired in me, I’ve
carved out a 3 (success)
profession as a
journalist.
B
Some university students
carried out a campaign 4 they celebrated
their
whole day without cell phones. This
move was to improve their relationships with their
near and dear ones and to keep them away
from the virtual (
虚 拟 的
) life. 5
(study)
indicate that a majority of young
people used their phones during lessons, over
family
meals or even at the cinema. The
problem of phone addiction (
成 瘾
) has
been
observed since a few years ago,
with experts and psychologists 6 (try) to
increase awareness about this problem.
C
The tiger shark 7 (consider) to be one of
the most dangerous sharks in the world.
Why
are tiger sharks so dangerous? First, they like
to live 8 waters where
humans
usually swim, so the chances of an encounter (
遭 遇
) are much greater.
Second, tiger
sharks are so strong and aggressive that they can
9 (easy) hit a person.
And third, tiger
sharks have teeth perfectly 10 (design) for
cutting their food, so it is
certain that the
damage will be disastrous.
英语 第 1 页（共 12
页）
第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题
1.5 分，共 30 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D
四个选项中，选出
最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Afel was only a
very small boy when he first saw snow in a picture
book. It had
lots of pictures of children
11 in big white fields. He asked, “Mum, what
are
those white fields?” His mother
laughed, “That’s snow, and they are making a
snowman!” She tried to 12 what
snow was. Afel didn’t really 13
because there was no real snow where he lived.
But he showed great 14 .
One day when he was
12, Afel was watching a programme on TV at his
uncle’s
house. The programme was full of snow.
And not only snow—there were people
15
across the snow. They looked like fantastic birds.
They had hats covering all
their heads and
big goggles over their eyes. And on their
feet, they had 16 shoes.
“What are those?”
he asked his uncle 17 . “Skis,” replied his
uncle. “And
those people are called
skiers.” At that moment, he 18 to be a
skier. He asked
his uncle what the programme
was. “The Winter Olympics,” said his uncle. “It’s
like the
normal Olympics, but for 19
where you need snow—ski jumping, bobsleigh
(
长 橇
), those sorts of things. They
20 it every four years.”
Afel found out that
the next Winter Olympics would be in Beijing, in
2022.
“Perfect,” he thought. “Enough 21 for me
to become a brilliant skier.”
“But there’s no
snow here!” people told him. “Where are you going
to ski?” Afel
22 them. He made
himself a pair of skis from two pieces of wood. He
tied them
to his feet and practised skiing
23 two sticks in his hands. He practised
again
and again until he could 24
quite quickly across the sand. He 25 to
fly
down the hills like the people on TV, but
he couldn’t.
“Never mind,” he thought. “It’s a
26 …”
“How will you go to the Olympics?”
people asked him. “Our country doesn’t
27 have a team that goes to the Winter Olympics.
We have good runners and
win lots of
medals at the Olympics. But no skiing, no.”Afel
didn’t 28 .
So every night, out in the middle
of the desert, Afel now practises skiing down
sand hills. He 29 that the yellow sand and
brown earth are as gold as the medal
he will
bring home with him, when he is the 30 .
英语 第 2 页（共 12 页）
11．A．drawing
12．A．announce
13．A．mind
14．A．interest
15．A．walking
16．A．strong
17．A．politely
18．A．promised
19．A．projects
20．A．gain
21．A．time
B．playing
B．stress
B．respond
B．concern
B．riding
B．strange
B．hopefully
B．claimed
B．fields
B．have
C．dancing
C．conclude
C．understand
C．patience
C．running
C．fashionable
C．excitedly
C．agreed
C．sports
C．accept
D．hiking
D．explain
D．regret
D．confidence
D．flying
D．comfortable
D．nervously
D．decided
D．courses
D．mark
B．energy C．experience D．determination
22．A．avoided B．ignored C．corrected
D．criticized
23．A．pushing B．pulling
C．holding D．waving
24．A．roll
B．march C．jump D．move
25．A．needed B．prepared C．pretended
D．attempted
26．A．start B．chance
C．solution D．strategy
27．A．even
B．often C．shortly D．finally
28．A．refuse B．inquire C．care
D．complain
29．A．dreams B．predicts
C．assumes D．realizes
30．A．authority
B．champion C．genius D．celebrity
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共
30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D
四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并
在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
英语 第 3 页（共
12 页）
A
If you’re
looking to buy a gift for your children, why not
keep up with the trend and
get the best
hoverboard?
What is a Hoverboard?
A
hoverboard is a two-wheeled personal
transportation device.
It’s electrical,
portable and became highly popular in 2015 in
reference to a popular 1980’s movie.
Typically, this self-balancing
hoverboard
device operates like a powered skateboard.
How Does a Hoverboard Work?
The device may
have many designs, but the mechanism itself isn’t
complicated.
Basically, a standard hoverboard
contains:
• Battery: stores the electrical
power. Almost all hoverboards use a high-watt
lithium-ion battery.
• Gyroscope (one for
each wheel): allows riders to tilt (
倾 斜
)
the hoverboard
while maintaining balance and
adjusting their direction.
•
Motor (one in
each wheel): provides the power to the wheels to
keep the rider
balanced and upright.
•
Logic board: functions as the hoverboard brain. It
processes data—your speed,
tilt, etc.—and
sends information to the motors. This unit
controls the power of
the board so riders can
adjust their speed.
All the above components
work together to control the power and tilt of the
hoverboards so the rider is balanced, upright
and moving at a controlled speed.
Why Buy a
Hoverboard?
Undoubtedly, hoverboards are cool.
You’ve probably seen kids riding one around
the house. They’re a phenomenon and everybody
wants in. So, why deny your kids and
prevent
them from being part of this trend?
Where is a
hoverboard legal?
Despite their wild
popularity, hoverboards have yet to become
“street-legal”.
Currently, some places
prohibit anyone under 16 from using these devices,
and
hoverboards are banned in academic
institutions and public places, like campus
buildings, parks, shopping malls and subway
stations. Some places have also put speed
limits on the devices and restricted their use
to bike paths. However, open areas—
including
your yard—are free of these restrictions.
英语 第 4 页（共 12 页）
31.
The logic board of a hoverboard can
A．store electricity
B.
power the
wheels
C.
send information to the riders
D.
receive data and give command
.
32.
According to the passage, a
hoverboard can be used
A．on campus B．in
parks
C．on bike paths D．in shopping malls
33.
What is the main purpose of this
passage?
A．To evaluate a gift’s quality.
B.
To recommend a gift choice.
C.
To compare new hoverboard models.
D.
To clarify functions of the latest
hoverboards.
.
B
Growing up, Deka
Ismail says she let labels define what she could
be. “I was a
black girl, from a refugee
(
难民
) family,” Deka said. “It was as if I
was only allowed to
explore in this
predetermined box.”
After a high school
chemistry class inspired her to think about a
career in science
and gave her confidence in
the field, Deka learned to live outside labels and
began
making big plans for her future. Now she
is about to begin her freshman year at the
University of California, planning to become a
professor.
Born and raised in San Diego’s City
Heights neighbourhood, Deka is the daughter
of
a Somali refugee couple. While some might say
Deka’s success happened in spite of
her
background, she would say differently, that her
experiences shaped her and inspired
her to be
the driven, young scientist that she is today.
When Deka was eight years old, her mother got
a job by studying hard back in
school in order
to support the whole family. That made Deka
realize that education
could make a
difference to one’s life. She spent a lot of time
in the library reading books,
and didn’t do
many of the things her peers did, like partying or
having romantic
relationships.
“I always
felt like I had to be the perfect girl for my
family,” Deka said. “You have
to not even do
your best but two times better than everyone else.
I felt like the whole
world was waiting for me
to mess up.”
英语 第 5 页（共 12 页）
Deka’s efforts paid off. The summer
before her senior year of high school, she was
accepted to the American Chemical Society
Project SEED Programme. “She brought
both
enthusiasm and focus,” Botham, a researcher at
this research institute, recalled.
“She
arrived every day ready to work, ready to learn
and ready to tackle new challenges
regardless
of whether or not she had done anything similar.”
When asked what advice she would give to
others like her, Deka warned them not
to
underestimate themselves. “Don’t tell yourself
that scholarship is too big or this
programme
is too competitive or I’ll never get into this
school, ” she said. “I was not
sure whether I
could make it until I started seeing the
acceptance letters rolling in.”
34. From
the passage, we can learn that .
A. Deka was
adopted by a refugee family
B. Deka spent a
lot of time going to parties
C. Deka became a
professor after graduation
D. Deka’s
experiences drove her to work hard
35．Deka
realized the importance of education .
A.
from her mother’s experience B. after her
chemistry class
C. by reading books in the
library
A. patient B. confident
D. through
working at the institute
.
C. ambitious D.
generous
36．According to the last paragraph,
Deka advised that students be
37．What does
the story intend to tell us?
A. Life is not
all roses.
B. Practice makes perfect.
C.
Well begun is half done.
D. Hard work leads to
success.
C
A group of blue-faced
birds step through the grass
shoulder to
shoulder, red eyes looking around. They look
like middle schoolers seeking a cafeteria
table at lunchtime.
Perhaps they’re not so
different.
A new study, led by Damien Farine,
an ornithologist
who studies collective
behaviour, shows that the vulturine
英语 第 6 页（共
12 页）
guineafowl of
eastern Africa, like humans, have multilevel
societies. In the past, scientists
assumed
such social structures required a lot of
brainpower. But the pea-brained
guineafowl
are revealing the faults in that assumption.
These large birds wander across the landscape
in packs, often walking so closely that
their
bodies touch. They may fight each other to
maintain their strict hierarchies
(
等级制
度
), but at other times they engage
in friendly behaviours like sharing food.
Suspecting the guineafowl might have a social
structure, Dr. Farine and his
colleagues began
a thorough study of their society. For a whole
year, they made daily
observations of 441
birds. Coloured leg bands in unique combinations
let researchers tell
the black-and-blue birds
apart. They also attached GPS devices to the backs
of 58 birds,
which let them see exactly where
every group went, 24 hours a day.
The findings
of the research suggest that the vulturine
guineafowl have a multilevel
society. There
are groups within groups within the population as
a whole. There even
seem to be groups of
friends within the small groups. This is the first
time anyone has
observed such a society in a
bird.
And Dr. Farine emphasizes this
particular bird’s tiny brain size: “They don’t
only
have small brains relative to mammals (
哺 乳 动 物
), they also have quite small
brains
relative to other birds,” he said.
According to him, living in this kind of
society might actually make it easier to keep
track of the social order. For example, if
groups are stable and a bird can identify just one
or two individuals within a group, it knows
which group it’s looking at—no need for a
brain that can recognize every single animal.
Multilevel societies also let animals adjust
their group sizes based on whatever challenges
they’re facing. Depending on what
enemies or
resources are around, it might make sense to
travel in a combined group rather
than a
smaller one.
“Having a multilevel structure
may not require having a large brain,” Dr. Farine
said.
There may be more birds and other
animals out there that, although small-brained,
have
societies as many-leveled as our own.
38.
According to the passage, what
inspired Dr. Farine to carry out the study?
A.
The guineafowl’s social behaviour.
B.
Previous assumptions about birds.
C．His
interest in animal brainpower.
D．The faults in
earlier research.
英语 第 7 页（共 12 页）
39.
What is
Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．The research
subjects.
C．The research findings.
40.
What can be learned from the passage?
B．The research methods.
D．The research
equipment.
A.
Complex social systems can
be a disadvantage to the guineafowl.
B.
The guineafowl are good at recognizing
individuals in a group.
C．Birds maintain
social order by travelling in combined groups.
D．Small-brained animals can form multilevel
societies.
41.
What is the main purpose of
the passage?
A.
To present the findings of
a study of the guineafowl.
B.
To explain
the interaction patterns in multilevel societies.
C.
To introduce a new approach to
observing the guineafowl.
D.
To uncover
clues about how complex societies are formed.
D
For several decades, there has been an
extensive and organized campaign intended
to
generate distrust in science, funded by those
whose interests and ideologies are
threatened
by the findings of modern science. In response,
scientists have tended to
stress the success
of science. After all, scientists have been right
about most things.
Stressing successes isn’t
wrong, but for many people it’s not persuasive. An
alternative answer to the question “Why trust
science?” is that scientists use the so-
called
scientific method. If you’ve got a high school
science textbook lying around,
you’ll probably
find that answer in it. But what is typically
thought to be the scientific
method—develop a
hypothesis
( 假 设 )
, then design an
experiment to test it—isn’t what
scientists
actually do. Science is dynamic: new methods get
invented; old ones get
abandoned; and
sometimes, scientists can be found doing many
different things.
If there is no identifiable
scientific method, then what is the reason for
trust in
science? The answer is how those
claims are evaluated. The common element in
modern science, regardless of the specific
field or the particular methods being used, is
the strict scrutiny
(审查)
of claims.
It’s this tough, sustained process that works to
make
sure faulty claims are rejected. A
scientific claim is never accepted as true until
it has
gone through a lengthy “peer review”
because the reviewers are experts in the same
field who have both the right and the
obligation
(责任)
to find faults.
英语 第 8 页（共 12 页）
A
key aspect of scientific judgment is that it is
done collectively. No claim gets
accepted
until it has been vetted by dozens, if not
hundreds, of heads. In areas that have
been
contested, like climate science and vaccine
safety, it’s thousands. This is why we
are
generally justified in not worrying too much if a
single scientist, even a very famous
one,
disagrees with the claim. And this is why
diversity in science—the more people
looking
at a claim from different angles—is important.
Does this process ever go wrong? Of course.
Scientists are humans. There is
always the
possibility of revising a claim on the basis of
new evidence. Some people
argue that we should
not trust science because scientists are “always
changing their
minds.” While examples of truly
settled science being overturned are far fewer
than is
sometimes claimed, they do exist. But
the beauty of this scientific process is that it
explains what might otherwise appear
paradoxical
(矛盾的)
: that science produces
both
novelty and stability. Scientists do
change their minds in the face of new evidence,
but
this is a strength of science, not a
weakness.
42.
How does the author
think of the scientific method?
A. Stable.
A. Explained.
B. Persuasive.
B.
Examined.
C. Unreliable.
C. Repeated.
.
D. Unrealistic.
D. Released.
43．What does the underlined word “vetted” in
Paragraph 4 probably mean?
44．According to the
passage, the author may agree that
A. it is
not persuasive to reject those faulty claims
B. settled science tends to be collectively
overturned
C. a leading expert cannot play a
decisive role in a scrutiny
D. diversity in
knowledge is the common element in science
45．Which of the following would be the best
title for the passage?
A. Put Your Faith in
Science
C. Apply Your Mind to Science
B.
Defend the Truth in Science
D. Explore A
Dynamic Way to Science
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2
分，共 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项
中有两项为多余选项。
英语 第 9 页（共 12 页）
An interview is a discussion with
someone in which you try to get information
from them. 46 There are three basic
sub-types of interview: structured
interviews,
unstructured interviews and
semi-structured interviews. 47 Incidentally,
“respondent” and “informant” are words that
are sometimes used instead of
“interviewee”.
A great deal is provided by this personal
contact: you are another human being, and
interviewees will respond to you, in bodily
presence, in an entirely different way from
the way that they would have reacted to
questionnaires that came through their
letterboxes or to emails. 48 Most
people want to help and give their opinions,
and they will usually be energized to help by
your physical presence.
If you take the
trouble to schedule a visit, you can be more or
less guaranteed of a
response. Most
importantly, though, you will be able to relate to
interviewees while you
are talking to them.
49 You will be able to watch their behaviour
which will
give you important clues about
how they feel about a topic. Because of the
primacy of
the personal contact, your
appearance and tone are important—how do you want
to be
seen? As “one of us”? As a person in
authority? As an observer? …Or what?
50
However you decide to present yourself, it is
good practice of course to try
to put the
interviewee at ease before the interview begins—to
talk about the weather,
about your journey,
about anything that will break the ice.
A.
This is a ready-made support for you.
B.
Its nature varies with the nature of
the interviews.
C.
You will be able to
hear and understand what they are saying.
D.
Your decision should influence the way that
you look, sound and behave.
E.
The
information may be facts or opinions or attitudes
or any combination of these.
F.
Each
involves the interviewer in fact-to-face contact
or telephone contact with
another person.
G.
You will be using these clues to make
informed guesses about what the
interviewees
might really mean.
英语 第 10 页（共 12 页）
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35 分）
第一节（15 分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友 Jim 在你们学校网
站上看到
了学生参加学农活动的照片，很感兴趣，发来邮件询问。请你给他回复邮件，内
容包括
：
.1
.2
学农活动的相关信息（时间、内容„„）；
你参加学农活动的感受。
注意：1．词数不少于 50；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：学农 learn
from farmers
Dear Jim,
Yours,
Li Hua
（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）
英语 第 11
页（共 12 页）
第二节（20 分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。上周，你报名参加了学校组织的“学生讲
坛”活动。请根据以下四幅图
的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述整个过程。
注意：词数不少于 60。
提示词：学生讲坛 Student Forum
（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）
英语 第 12 页（共 12 页）