上海市黄浦区2019届高三英语一模
今年是第多少个教师节-三年级下册科学教案
黄浦区2018学年第一学期期末质量试卷
高三英语
（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟）
Ⅱ. Grammar
and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions：After
reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to
make the passage coherent and grammatically
correct. For the
blanks with a given word,
fill in each blank with the proper form of the
given word; for the other blanks, use one word
that best
fits each blank.
Just How Buggy
is Your Phone?
What item in your home crawls
with the most germs? If you say ___21___ toilet
seat, you’re wrong. Kitchen sponges top the
list. But cell phones are pretty dirty too.
They contain around 10 times as many germs as
toilet seats. People touch their phones,
laptops, and other digital devices all day
long, yet rarely clean them.
In one incident,
a thief paid a terrible price for stealing a germy
cell phone. He stole it from a hospital in Uganda
during a
widespread of the deadly disease
Ebola. The phone’s owner reported the theft before
___22___（die）from the disease. Soon, the
thief
began showing symptoms and finally
___23___（confess）to the crime.
___24___ in
that unusual case a cell phone carried dangerous
bacteria, not all germs are bad. Most cause no
harm. In fact, they
could provide helpful
information. Look at the surface of your phone
carefully. Do you see some dirty mars?“That's all
you,”says
microbial ecologist Jarrad Hampton-
Marcell.“That’s biological information.”
It
turns out that the types of germs that you apply
all over your phone or tablet are different from
___25___ of your friends and
family. They’re
like a fingerprint that could identify you. Some
day in the future, investigators may use these
microbial
fingerprints to solve crimes. Phones
and digital devices may be one of the best places
to look for buggy clues.
In a 2017 study,
researchers sampled a range of surfaces in 22
participants’ homes, ___26___ countertops and
floors to
computer keyboards and mice. Then
they tried to match the microbial fingerprints on
each object to its owner. The office
equipment
was easiest to match to its owner. In an
___27___（early）study, a different group of
researchers found that they
could use
microbial fingerprints to identify the person who
___28___（use）a computer keyboard even after the
keyboard sat
untouched for two weeks at room
temperature.
One day, microbial signatures
might show ___29___ people have gone and what they
have touched. They could prove
___30___ an
unmarked device is yours. So, sure, your phone is
pretty germy. Does that inspire you, or does it
just bother you?
Section B
Directions：Complete the following passage by
using the words in the box. Each word can only be
used once. Note that there is
one word more
than you need.
A. measurement B.
similar C. remarkably D. monetary E.
astronomy F. altered
G. civilization H.
defined I. independence J. invariably K.
dominated
The Nile
The ancient Greek
writer Herodotus once described Egypt-with some
envy-as‘the gift of the Nile’. The Egyptians
depend on
the river for food, for water and
for life. The Ancient Egyptians were able to
control and use the Nile, creating the earliest
irrigation systems and developing a prosperous
___31___.
Snaking through the deserts, the
Nile would flood almost ___32___ each year in
June. Once the water subsided, a rich deposit
of sand was left behind, making an excellent
topaoil. Seeds were sown, yielding wheat, barley,
beans, lentils and leeks. Drought
could spell
disaster for the Egyptians, so during the dry
seasons, they dug basins and channels to deliver
water to their land. They
also devised simple
channels to transfer water at the peak of the
flood.
An early system of ___33___ a
Nilometer, was used to determine the size of the
floods. Later, during the New Kingdom, a
lifting system called a shaduf was used to
raise water from the river--___34___ to the way in
which a well is used today.
The Egyptians took
up some of the earliest trading missions. Without
a(n) ___35___ system they exchanged goods,
bringing
back timber, precious stones,
pottery, spices and animals. Their efforts in
medicine were also ___36___ advanced: surgeons
performed operations to remove cysts（囊肿）.
Mummification gave them great understanding of the
human body-yet they also
relied heavily on
various medicines to prevent disease, and
discoveries were often confused with
superstition（迷信）. And while
a great deal of
time was dedicated to ___37___ the Egyptians
thought the stars were gods.
By the
16
th
century Egypt was under the Ottoman
Empire until Britain seized control in 1882. What
is now mostly Arabic
Egypt only won ___38___
from Britain after World War Ⅱ. The Suez Canal,
opened in 1869, __________the country as a center
for world transportation. But it, and the
completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1971 ___40___
the ecology of the Nile, which
now struggles
to satisfy the country’s rapidly growing
population, currently more than 76 million-the
largest in the Arab world.
Ⅲ. Reading
Comprehension
Section A
Directions：For
each blank in the following passages there are
four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill
in each blank
with the word or phrase that
best fits the context.
Keeping The Taps
Running in Thirsty Cities
Water covers 71% of
Earth’s surface yet only 2% of it is accessible as
a source of fresh water. ___41___ on this limited
resources is rising, a trend likely to
continue.
It is important to recognize that it
is not just city residents who ___42___ water.
Agriculture, industry and tourism often require
more water than the municipal water supply.
Globally, 70% of fresh water is ___43___ for
agriculture, but locally in heavily
irrigated（灌溉）areas this can increate to 90%. A
healthy environment also requires fresh water, and
the quality of available
water is as important
as its ___44___.
Water stress is not always
caused by physical shortages in dry areas.
___45___ for water resources between different
users
within river catchments or basins can
also be a cause.
Every thirsty city
operates within its own context, ___46___ to the
challenge of providing adequate water supplies.
Cape Town,
___47___, has faced three years of
drought during which winter rains failed to
materialize. At the end of the 2017 rainy season
the
city faced the ___48___ of its dams
running dry during 2018. The dams were only 37%
full—in the same week four years before
they
were full to the top. In January 2018, it was
___49___ that Cape Town would reach Day Zero, when
it would be forced to
turn off the taps, in
April. This was despite the city reducing its
water use by more than half, from billion litres
a day in 2015 to
fewer than 600 million
litres, and working ___50___ with industry and
agriculture to reduce demand.
On February 1,
the authorities put in place a strict limit of 50
litres of water per person per day. ___51___, in
Britain this is
considered enough for a five-
minute shower of half a washing machine cycle on
full load.
In addition, a ban was placed on
using ___52___ water for gardens, water management
devices were installed at household
with a
high water use and the water pressure was reduced
to cut demand and leaks. At the same, the city
launched a media
___53___ to change habits and
introduced higher duties. This is not without its
costs; agriculture and tourism, both significant
areas of employment, have ___54___. It is a
classic example of the problem of water economics-
the cost of water is low but the
cost of a
lack of water is very high.
Crises such as the
Cape Town drought are in danger of becoming the
new norm. The ___55___ of Day Zero must serve as a
wake-up call for cities across the world to
develop cost-effective water management strategies
to cope with an uncertain future.
41. A.
Impact
42. A. recycle
43. A. restored
44. A. change
B.
Pressure
B. waste
C. Impression
C.
consume
C. separated
C. origin
D.
Observation
D. apply
D. preserved
D.
volume
D. Regulation
D. referring
D.
as a result
B. abstracted
B. source
45. A. Competition
46. A. contributing
47. A. in addition
B. Protection
B.
regarding
C. Construction
C. responding
B. for example
C. on the
contrary
48. A. prospect
B. illustration
49. A. reported B.
presented
C. symptom
D. security
D. explained C. predicted
50. A. respectively
51. A. By comparison
52. A. feasible
53. A. campaign
54. A. invaded
55. A.
change
Section B
B.
increasingly
B. In other words
B.
drinkable
B. statement
B. liberated
B.
theory
C. restrictively
D. extensively
D.
What’s more
D. influential
C. To our
surprise
C. inevitable
C. presentation
C. suffered
C. record
D. advertisement
D. proceeded
D. threat
(A)
Despite an
advertisement campaign suggesting wall-to-wall
special effects, “Bridge of Terabithia” is
grounded in reality far
more than in fantasy.
Adapting Katherine Paterson’s award-winning novel,
the screenwriters David Paterson and Jeff
Stockwell
have produced a thoughtful and
extremely affecting story of a transformative
friendship between two unusually gifted children.
The result is a movie whose emotional depth
could appeal more to adults than to their
children.
Jess Aarons (Josh Hutcherson) is a
sixth grader with four sisters, financially tensed
parents and a talent for drawing. An
introverted(内向的) kid who is regularly picked
on by the school buses, Jess forms a bond with a
new student named Leslie (Anna
Sophia Robb), a
free spirit whose parents, both writers, are
fondly neglectful. An attraction between
outsiders, their friendship
feeds on her words
and his pictures; together they create an
imaginary kingdom in the woods behind their homes,
a world they can
control and where their minds
can wander free.
Beautifully capturing a time
when a bully in school can occur as large as a
monster in a nightmare and the encouragement of
a teacher can alter the course of a life,
“Bridge to Terabithia” keeps the fantasy in the
background to find magic in the everyday.
Gabor Csupo directs this, his first feature,
like someone close to the pain of being different,
fascinated in tiny, perfect details.
With
strong performances from all the leads, “Bridge to
Terabithia” is able to handle adult topics with
sensitivity. As the
emotional landscape
darkens, those who haven’t read the book may be
surprised at the sorrow the filmmakers cause
without ever
resorting to horror or terror. In
other words, your children may cry, but they won’t
be traumatized so badly.
Consistently smart
and delicate as a spider web, “Bridge to
Terabithia” is the kind of children’s movie rarely
seen nowadays.
At a time when many public
schools are being forced to cut music and art from
the curriculum, the story’s insistence on the
healing power of a cultivated imagination is
both welcome and essential.
56. The second
paragraph indicates that Jess and Leslie ________.
A. lost their control over
the imaginary kingdom
B. looked down on their
individual realities
C. formed a good
friendship despite their different talents
D.
wrote a book about a magical land called
Terabithia
57. Which of the following words is
most likely to replace “traumatized” (paragraph
4)?
A. criticized B. ignored C. delighted
D. shocked
58. The two children most likely
________.
A. skipped
school to play in the woods behind their campus
B. created an imaginary world as an escape
from reality
C. disappointed their parents
with their over-active imaginations
D. won
against the bullies at school with strong
performances
59. Which of the following
statements will the author most probably agree
with?
A. The
fantasy components of the movie were too over-
done.
B. The movie is motional but not much
too dramatic.
C. “Bridge to Terabithia” has a
negative impact on public school education.
D.
Children shouldn’t watch the film as they are too
young to understand the topics.
(B)
Hot
Air Balloons
A hot air balloon is made
up of 3 main parts:
The Envelope
The
actual fabric balloon
which holds the air
The Burner
The unit which pushes the
heat up into the envelope
The Basket
Where the passengers and
pilot stand
The basis of how the balloon works is that warmer
air rises in cooler air. This is because hot air
is lighter than cool air as it
has less mass
per unit of volume. Mass can be defined by the
measure of how much matter something contains. The
actual balloon
has to be large as it takes a
large amount of heated air to lift it off the
ground.
The burner uses propane gas to
heat up the air in the envelope to move the
balloon off the ground and into the air. The pilot
must keep firing the burner at regular
intervals throughout the flight to ensure that the
balloon continues to the stable. Naturally,
the hot air will not escape from the hot at
the very bottom of the envelop as firstly, hot air
rises and secondly, the floating power
keeps
it moving up.
To move the balloon upwards,
the pilot opens up the propane value which lets
the propane flow to the burner which in turn
frees the flame up into the envelope. It works
in much the same way as a gas grill: the more you
open the valve, the bigger the
flame to beat
the air and the faster the balloon rises.
The “Parachute Valve” at the very top of the
balloon is what is used to bring the balloon down
towards the ground. It is a
circle of fabric
cut out of the top of the envelop which is
controlled by a rope which runs down through the
middle of the envelope
to the basket. If the
pilot wants to bring the balloon down, he or she
simply pulls on the rope which will open the
valve, letting hot
air escape, decreasing the
inner air temperature. This cooling of air causes
the balloon to slow its rise.
The
pilot can operate horizontally by changing the
vertical position of the balloon because the wind
blows in different
directions at different
altitudes. If the pilot wants to move in a
particular direction, he or she simply arises and
falls to the
appropriate level and rides with
the wind.
60. The purpose of this article is
to __________.
A. explain how hot air balloons
work
B. illustrate why hot air balloons are
useful
C. describe hot air balloons’ structure
D. inform readers about how hot air balloons
are made
61. What would happen if the
“Parachute Valve” could not be released after it
was opened?
A. The inside of the balloon would
continue to heat up.
B. The balloon would
climb up more rapidly
C. The self-sealing
valve would need to take over the role of the
Parachute Valve.
D. The balloon would begin to
move down more rapidly.
62. Which of the
following skills or knowledge would be the most
useful to a balloon pilot?
A. The ability to
sew the panels of fabric together to make a
balloon.
B. An understanding of how propane
gas is manufactured.
C. A knowledge of the
background of passengers who are travelling in the
balloon.
D. A knowledge of air currents and
wind directions in the area where he is piloting
the balloon.
(C)
The surface of Venus
has never seemed very hospitable. Temperatures
change around 470°C(900°F), the result of a runway
greenhouse effect, and the pressure of its
atmosphere, thick with carbon dioxide and sulfuric
acid(硫酸), is some 90 times that of
Earth’s.
Lead(铅) would flow like water on Venus, and water
cannot have existed in liquid form for perhaps a
billion years.
Now NASA’S Magellan
spacecraft seems to have found one more horror in
the nasty landscape: active volcanoes. Last week
the space agency released the first detailed
map of Venus and the most dramatic images ever
made of its surface. The picture offer
the
best evidence to date that a planet once assumed
dead is actually a lively pot of geological
change.
The most amazing image is of Venus’s
second tallest mountain, Maat Mons, which rises
8km(5 miles) . Most of the planet’s
many
peaks, including (6-mile-) high Maxwell Montes,
look bright in the radar pictures Magellan takes
from its orbit above the
permanent could
cover. That means they are strong reflectors of
radar waves. But Maat Mons is dark; like the
Stealth bomber, it
absorbs much of the radar
falling on it.
This interesting fact, say
project scientists, is a strong hint that the
mountains has recently been covered with lava(熔岩).
Rock
that sits on the surface of mountaintops
appears to weather quickly in the hot , chemically
reactive atmosphere, creating a soil that
is rich in iron sulfide(硫化铁). It is
this mineral, the scientists believe, that can
easily be seen on radar. If Maat Mons doesn’t have
any, it has probably been resurfaced, perhaps
within the past few years.
Such resurfacing
has undoubtedly taken place in Venus lowlands:
earlier images of the planet showed vast areas
that are
remarkably free of craters(火山坑). That
would be easy to explain on a Planet like Earth,
where cratering from meteor strikes is
erased
by steady erosion. But while there is some
evidence of wind erosion on Venus, the best
explanation for the lack of cratering
is
periodic lava flow. Magellan has found direct
evidence of such flows, including dome like
upwellings and hardened streamed of
rock
trailing down the sides of Venusian peaks. There
are also signs of other geologic activities,
including dramatic faulting and
several
distinct incidents of mountain building. But the
evidence can’t indicate whether they really
occurred millions of years ago.
The case for
active Venusian volcanoes is not yet proved, but
Magellan, which is now well into its second
complete survey of the
planet’s surface, may
eventually settle the issue.
63. Which of the
following has NO possibility to be found on Venus
now?
A. Carbon dioxide B. Sulfuric acid
C. Liquid water D. Active volcanoes
64.
The scientists believe that _________ shows up
easily on radar.
A. geological change B.
iron sulfide C. mountain mineral D. lava
flow
65. Which of the following is TRUE
according to the passage?
A. The resurfacing
has changed the images of the vast areas in Venus
lowlands.
B. The wind erosion on Venus is
caused by periodic lava flows
C. Streams of
rock trailing down the side of Venusian peaks can
be seen on Earth
D. Other geologic activities
have caused dramatic and unbelievable climate
phenomenon.
66. What can be inferred from the
passage?
A. NASA’S Magallan spacecraft fails
to stand the environment of Venus.
B. There is
clear and confirmed evidence for the active
Venusian volcanoes on Venus.
C. Some evidence
of periodic lava flows has been found by NASA
astronauts.
D. Magellan will conduct a follow-
up complete survey of the Venus’ surface.
Section C
Directions: Read the following
passage. Fill in each blank with a proper
sentences given in the box. Each sentence can be
used
only once. Note that there are two more
sentences than you need.
A. However, facial
recognition seems merely to encode them.
B.
Research show that artificial intelligence can
reconstruct the facial structures of people.
C. Anyone with a phone can take a picture for
facial-recognition programs to use.
D.
Technology is rapidly catching up with the human
ability to read faces.
E. Continuous facial
recording that paints computerized data onto the
real world might change the
texture of social
interactions.
F. The astonishing variety of
facial features helps people recognize each other
and is crucial to the
formation of complex
societies.
Nowhere To Hide:What Machines Can
Tell From Your Face
The human face is a
remarkable piece of work. 67 So is the face’s
ability to send emotional signals, whether through
the unconscious shame or the trick of a false
smile. People spend much of their waking lives, in
the office and the courtroom as
well as the
bar and the bedroom, reading faces, for signs of
attraction, hostility, trust and deceit. They also
spend plenty of time
trying to hide their
feelings, intentions or nature.
68 In
America facial recognition is used by churches to
track worshippers’ attendance; in Britain, by
retailers to spot
past shoplifters. This year
Welsh police used it to arrest a suspect outside a
football game. In China it confirms the identities
of
ride-hailing drivers, permits tourists to
enter attractions and lets people pay for things
with a smile. Apple’s new iPhone is
expected
to use it to unlock the homescreen.
Set
against human skills, such applications might seem
enhancive. Some breakthroughs, such as flight or
the internet,
obviously transform human
abilities. 69 Although faces are peculiar to
individuals, they are also public, so technology
does
not, at first sight, intrude on something
that is private. And yet the ability to record,
store and analyse images of faces cheaply,
quickly and on a vast scale promises one day
to bring about fundamental changes to notions of
privacy, fairness and trust.
70 Masking
true feelings helps fix the wheels of daily life.
If your partner can spot every prohibited yawn,
and your
boss every hint of annoyance,
marriages and working relationships will be more
truthful, but less harmonious. The basis of social
interactions might change, too, from a set of
commitments founded on trust to calculations of
risk and reward derived from the
information a
computer attaches to someone’s face. Relationships
might become more reasonable, but also
transactional.
IV. Summary Writing
71.
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize
the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage
in no more than 60
words. Use your own words
as far as possible.
Sport Tourism
Tourism
is the world’s largest industry and is predicted
to grow well into the years to come. Increasingly,
the economic
importance of tourism has been
recognized by governments around the world. At the
same time, the tourism industry has become
more complicated in its development and
marketing new forms of tourism. One of the fastest
growing parts of the tourism
industry is
travel related to sport and physical activity. A
recent survey found that while the traditional
beach and sight-seeing
vacations continue to
predominate, 22% of those surveyed reported that
opportunities to participate in sports were
important when
selecting a vacation.
The
term sport tourism has been adopted in recent
years to describe sport-related leisure travel. It
is generally recognized that
three are three
broad categories of sport tourism. The first
category. Watching sporting events or Sports Event
Tourism includes
hallmark events such as FIFA
World Cup Football Championships, and the Olympic
games. Tournament sponsored by the
Professional Golf Association or the World
Tennis Association are also part of the spectator-
centered sector of sport tourism.
The
second type of sport tourism, celebrity and
nostalgia sport tourism involves visiting famous
sports-related attractions.
Visits of the
sports halls of fame fall into this category.
Another form of celebrity and nostalgia sport
tourism that has emerged in
recent years is
meeting famous sports personalities. The cruise
industry has been experienced in this area. Sports
theme cruise
such as “the NBA basketball
cruise” arrange for passengers to meet
personalities from sports while on board.
Active participation is the third category of
sports tourism. This is composed of individuals
who travel to participate in golf,
skiing, and
tennis in particular, although other sports such
as fishing, and scuba diving are popular in the
US.
第II卷（共40分）
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences
into English, using the words given in the
brackets.
72. 很多人对他们的潜能一无所知。(ignorant)
73.
这些政策在一定程度上对该地区的经济衰退负有责任。(extent)
74.
自古以来老百姓就希望天下太平，同各国人民友好相处。(long for)
75.
青少年问题的发展趋势值得我们关注和研究，也值得整个社会群策群力，共商对策。(which)
VI. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an
English composition in 120-150 words according to
the instructions given below in Chinese.
76. 假
设你是明启中学高三学生卢平，你的网友王磊近日就学习时如何记好笔记发邮件向你求教，请给他回复一封电子<
br>邮件，邮件必须包括以下内容：
●描述两到三个不同的笔记类型及其特征
●如何记好笔记的建议
（注意：中文请不要出现真实的校名人名）
黄浦区2018年第一学期高三期终调研测试
英语试卷参考答案
I.
Listening Comprehension
1-5 CDCBA 6-10
DCCAC
11-15 CDC 14-16 BDA 17-20
DCCB
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
21. the 22. dying 23. confessed 24.
Although Though 25. those
26. from 27.
earlier 28. had used 29. where 30. that
Section B
31. G 32. J 33. A 34.
B 35. D 36. C 37. E 38. I 39. H 40. F
III. Reading Comprehension
41-45 BCBDA
46-50 CBBAC
51-55 ABACD
Section B
56-59 CDBB 60-62 ADD 63-66 CBAD
Section C
67-70 FDAE
IV. Summary
writing
71.
The tourism industry is
developing fast prosperously with different forms,
among which sports to tourism grows fastest.
Sports tourism is defined as travel related to
sport physical activities and consists of include
three main categories. The first is
watching
sports events game. The second includes visiting
famous sports related attractions places and
meeting well-known
famous sports people
personalities. And the third is a active
participation.(52 words)
V. Translation
72. Many people are totally ignorant of their
potential(abilities talents).
73. These
policies are to some extent responsible for the
region’s economic decline.
74. Since ancient
times people have longed for a peaceful world to
live together in friendship with people from of
all countries.
Since ancient times people
have longed for a peaceful world, where people of
all different countries live together in
friendship.
75. The development trend of
youth adolescent teenager problem deserves our
attention and research analysis, which also
deserves the joint efforts of the whole
society to find solution.