《语言学概论》课程第3次作业
关于雨的作文-竞选学习委员演讲稿
《语言学概论》课程第 3次作业及参考答案
I. There are
four choices following each statement. Mark the
choice that can best
complete the statement.
1. The compound word “bookstore” is the place
where books are sold. This indicates
that the
meaning of a compound __________.
A. is the
sum total of the meaning of its components
B.
can always be worked out by looking at the
meanings of morphemes
C. is the same as the
meaning of a free phrase.
D. None of the
above.
2. _______ are those that cannot be
used independently but have to be combined with
other morphemes, either free or bound, to form
a word.
A. Free morphemes
B. Bound
morphemes
C. Bound words
D. Words
3.
_________ is a branch of grammar which studies the
internal structure of words
and the rules by
which words are formed.
A. Syntax
B.
Grammar
C. Morphology
D. Morpheme
4.
The meaning carried by the inflectional morpheme
is _______.
A. lexical
B. morphemic
C. grammatical
D. semantic
5.
_________ are often thought to be the smallest
meaningful units of language by the
linguists.
A. Words B. Morphemes C. Phonemes D.
Sentences
6. “-s” in the word “books” is
_______.
A. a derivative affix
B. a stem
C. an inflectional affix
D. a root
7. Which two terms can best describe the
following pairs of words: table---tables; day
break---daybreak?
A. Inflection and
compound
B. Compound and derivation
C.
Inflection and derivation
D. Derivation and
inflection
8. The morpheme “vision” in the
common word “television” is a(n) ______.
A.
bound morpheme
B. bound form
C.
inflectional morpheme
D. free morpheme
9.
The word ______ is not a compound.
A.
sunflower
B. friendship
C.
moonwalk
D. miniskirt
10. In the words
maps, dogs, and watches, each of s, z, iz is
a(an)_____ of the
plural form.
A.
allomorph
B. allophone
C. similar
phoneme
D. counter phoneme
II.
Decide whether each of the following statements is
True or False.
1. Words are the smallest
meaningful units of language.
2. Open class
words can accept new words regularly.
3. Just
as a phoneme is the basic unit in the study of
phonology, so is a morpheme the
basic unit in
the study of morphology.
4. Inflectional
morphemes manifest various grammatical relations
or grammatical
categories such as number,
tense, degree, and case.
5. Prefixes
usually modify the part of speech of the original
word, not the meaning of
it.
6. The most
important component of a word structure is the
morpheme.
7. Bound morphemes include roots
and affixes.
8. Derivational morphemes always
change the grammatical class of words.
9.
There are three morphemes in the word
“reactivate”.
10. A morpheme is neither a
meaning nor a stretch of sound, but a meaning and
a
stretch of sound joined together.
III. Fill in each of the following blanks with
one word which begins with the
letter given.
1. C________ is the combination of two or
sometimes more than two words to create
new
words.
2. The rules that govern the formation
of words are called m_________ rules.
3.
Affixes are of two types: inflectional affixes and
d_________ affixes.
4. C________ class words
refer to the grammatical or functional words the
number of
which is small and stable since few
new words are added.
5. When people wish to
distinguish the sound of a morpheme from the
entire
morpheme, they may use the term
m_________.
6. The r________ constitutes the
core of the word and carries the major component
of
its meaning.
7. D__________ is an
affixational process that forms a word with a
meaning andor
category from that of its bases.
8. A morpheme which can be a word by itself is
called a f_________ morphmem.
9. A_________ do
not belong to a lexical category and are always
bound morphemes.
10. The variant forms of a
morpheme are called its a_________.
参考答案：
I. There
are four choices following each statement. Mark
the choice that can best
complete the
statement.
1. D 2. B 3. C 4. C
5. B
6. C 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. A
II. Decide whether each of the following
statements is True or False.
1. F 2. T
3. T 4. T 5. F
6. T 7. F 8.
F 9. F 10. T
III. Fill in each
of the following blanks with one word which begins
with the
letter given.
1. Compound 2.
morphological 3. derivational
4.
closed 5. morph 6. root
7. Derivation 8. free 9.
affixes 10. allomorphs