上海市杨浦区高三英语二模卷(含答案)
吕氏春秋翻译-关于习惯的作文
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杨浦区2016学年第二学期高三模拟质量调研
英语学科试卷
2017.4
II .Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
I was standing in the checkout line behind a woman
who looked to be in __21__ 60s. When it was her
turn to
pay, the cashier greeted her by name
and asked her how she was doing.
The woman
looked down, ___22___（shake）her head and said:“Not
so good.”My husband just lost his job
and my
son is up to his old tricks again. The truth is, I
don’t know how I’m going to get through the
holidays.”
Then she gave the cashier food
stamps.
My heart ached. I wanted to help
but didn’t know how.（23）______I offer to pay for
her groceries or ask for
her husband’s resume?
As I walked into the parking lot, I saw the
women ___（24）（return）her shopping cart. I
remembered
something in my purse（25）________I
thought could help her. It wasn’t a handful of
cash or an offer of a job for
her husband, but
maybe it would make her life better.
My
heart pounded as I approached the woman.
“Excuse me,”I said, my voice trembling a bit.“I
couldn’t help overhearing what you said to the
cashier. It
sounds like you’re going through a
really hard time right now. I’m so sorry. I’d like
to give you something.”
I handed her the
small card from my purse.
When the woman
read the card’s only two words, she began to cry.
And through her tears, she said：“You have
no
idea（26）_______ this means to me.”
I was a
little startled by her reply.（27）________（not
do）anything like this before, I didn’t know what
kind
of reaction I might receive. All left for
me (28)_______（say）was：“Oh. Would it be OK to give
you a hug?”
（29）________we embraced, I
walked back to my car --and began to cry, too.
The words on the card?
“You Matter.”
A
few weeks earlier, a colleague gave me a similar
card（30）____ encouragement for a project I was
working
on. When I read the card, I felt a
warm glow spread inside of me. Deeply touched, I
came home and ordered my
own box of You Matter
card and started sharing them.
Section B
A. technology B. contemporary C. stretched
D. hidden E. recognized
F. discovery G.
updated H. extensive I. countless J.
estimated K. definition
Most of us learn
at primary school that there are seven continents,
but the next generation of kids may be
adding
one more to that list.
According to a
recent paper published in the Geological Society
of American Journal by a group of
researchers,“Zealandia” is a new continent
that’s ___31___ beneath the ocean.
Zealandia is ___32___ to be five million sq km.
Most of this massive area is covered by water, but
its highest
mountains already have their own
name：New Zealand.
The small country is the
only part of Zealandia that isn’t underwater, but
the paper’s authors want the huge
landmass to
be ___33___ worldwide as its own continent.
“The scientific value of classifying Zealandia as
a continent is much more than just an extra name
on a list,”
the researchers wrote in their
paper.
Scientists discovered Zealandia all the
way back in 1995, then started ___34___ research
on the area using
underwater and satellite
mapping ___35___. After completing their work,
they were finally able to write a report
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suggesting that
Zealandia be named a continent.
But who
decides on what is a continent and what isn’t?
There is, in fact, no official organization that
does.
Some countries’ schools teach that there
are six or even five continents. This changes
depending on where in the
world school is.
Due to their __36__ as a “continuous expanse
of land”,some classify Europe and Asia as the same
continent
-- known as Eurasia. Schools in
Russia and parts of Eastern Europe teach this.
And to make things even more confusing, France
and Greece, as well as other countries, classify
North
America and South America as simply
America.
This argument over how land is
defined has even ___37___ into outer space. In
2006, the International
Astronomical
Union（IAU）decided that Pluto was no longer a
planet, 76 years after its ___38___ in 1930.
Experts
argued that it no longer met the
requirements needed to be called a planet
alongside the eight others in our solar
system. It was therefore renamed a “dwarf
planet（矮行星）”，meaning that ___39___ books, models
and museum
exhibits all over the world had to
be ___40___.
But will the world take the same
notice of Zealandia? The best way to tell is to
keep an eye on our textbooks.
Ⅲ.Reading
Comprehension
Section A
Good news for
awkward teenagers around the world. As time goes
by, you could ___41___ up like a
completely
different person.
This comes from the
longest running personality study ever ___42__ by
scientist. According to researchers
from the
University of Edinburgh in the UK, our personality
changes so much from youth to old age that most
people’s personalities in older age are barely
___43___ compared to their younger selves.
The researchers analyzed results from a study in
1947, which gathered 1,208 teenagers in Scotland
aged 14
and asked their teachers to ___44___
their personalities based on six traits（特征） .
Now, more than six decades later, the University
of Edinburgh team has managed to contact 635 of
the
___45___ students, and 174 agreed to have
their personalities tested once more.
At an
average age of 76.7 years old, the group were
asked to ___46___ themselves on the same six
personality
traits, then pick a close friend
or family member to do the same.
By
___47___ the then-and-now test results, the
researchers found that there is hardly any
relationship between
traits people had as
teenagers and those in their older years.
It was “as if the second tests had been given to
___48___ people,”the study’s researchers wrote in
their report,
which was published in journal
Psychology and Aging.
The results were a
surprise because research in the past found
personality ___49___ in people tested from
childhood to middle-age, and from middle-age
to older age.
As the team explained, our
personality appears stable over short intervals --
___50___ so throughout
adulthood. ___51___,
the longer the interval between two tests of
personality, the ___52___ the relationship
between the two tends to be.
It’s clear
that more studies are needed to find out what’s
going on here. But it could be the first ___53___
that
it’s not just our cells that are being
___54___ throughout life – the way we think, feel
and behave might no be as
___55___ as we once
thought.
41. A. hold B. wake C.
end D. cheer
42. A. carried out B.
applied to C. participated in D. made up
43. A. incredible B. accessible C.
changeable D. recognizable
44. A. assemble
B. assess C. assume D. access
45. A.
alternative B. individual C. original D.
separate
46. A. score B. rate C. comment
D. remark
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47. A.
comparing
48. A. young
49. A.
combination
50. A. increasingly
51. A.
Therefore
52. A. stronger
53. A. option
54. A. replaced
55. A. stuck in mud
B. reviewing
B. similar
B.
stability
B. strangely
B. Moreover
B. closer
B. sign
B. exposed
B. buried in sand
C. presenting
C.
amateur
C. transformation
C. subsequently
C. However
C. further
C. symptom
C. divided
C. lost in thought
D.
observing
D. different
D. flexibility
D. obviously
D. Otherwise
D. weaker
D. cause
D. cultivated
D. set in stone
Section B
（A）
One way people are
responding to food safety concerns is by growing
their own food. However, not everyone
lives on
property with enough space for a private plot. One
solution is community gardens, which have become
popular worldwide, numbering 18,000 in North
America alone. In addition to providing low-cost,
delicious food,
these public spaces offer
cities a range of other benefits.
Community
gardens are located in a town or city and tended
by local residents. Often, the land is on a vacant
lot owned by the city. The site is divided
into manageable plots, which may be tended by
individuals or by the
garden’s members
collectively. Since the land is usually publicly
owned, the cost for gardeners to lease it is
minimal. In fact, New York City, which is home
to more than 750 community gardens tended by more
than 20,000
members, charges people just $$1 a
year to lease a plot. Other costs involve soil,
tools, seeds, fencing , and so on.
However,
because they’re shared by many people, individual
gardeners pay very little.
A community
garden can quickly pay off, in terms of delicious
fruits and vegetables, in addition to beautiful
flowers. Excess produce can be sold for a
profit at farmers markets. But a garden’s benefit
don’t stop there. They
also beautify cities,
foster strong relationships among residents, and
lower an area’s crime rate. Award-winning
spaces like London’s Culpeper Community Garden
even attract tourists. Beautiful and affordable,
community
gardens are often described as oases
in crowded cities.
56. Community gardens
are designed for those who ___.
A. are
concerned about food safety
B. live in a
house with a private plot
C. can’t afford
to buy organic food
D. don’t have their own
property
57. New York City _____.
A. is
owned by 20,000 individual gardeners
B.
charges residents a lot to lease tools and fencing
C. contains more than 750 community gardens
D. is tended by professional gardeners and
local residents
58. What’s the benefit of
community gardens?
A. People can enjoy safe
and delicious vegetables and animal meat.
B. Residents are more familiar and related with
each other.
C. The neighborhood is becoming
safer but of lower taste.
D. People can
make some profits from the visiting tourists.
59. The underlined word“oases”is closest
in meaning to ____.
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A. cultural and art centers B.
popular platforms for exchanges
C. peaceful
and safe lands D. commercial and prosperous
places
（B）
African Safari
Essential information you need to know before
booking your African Safari in Southern Africa –
These tips will
enhance the experience that
you have
Things to Consider Before Booking an
African Safari
1) Book in Advance
African
Safaris are now hugely popular and good safari
camps often get booked out more than a year in
advance,
especially during the high season
from July through to October. Show more…
2)
Choosing which game park
Different parks have
different topography and weather patterns – this
greatly affects animal movements at
different
times of the year. If you want to target certain
species of animals, then some parks are better
than others
for certain species. Show more…
3）Choosing which lodge or safari camp
A
typical safari camp has between 10 and 20 beds, it
is an intimate safari experience and very
personalized.
However, there are also hotels
in some places, either inside or just outside a
national park, which can sleep
anything up to
300 people. Show more…
4）Guiding
The
quality, experience and knowledge of the game at
any Safari camp is almost the most important
factor to
consider. Good guides can transform
your experience from ordinary to exceptional. Show
more…
5）What’s the Best Time of Year to go on
Safari
Understandably as the seasons change
so does the safari experience. It is highly
advisable to find out the best time
of year
for the safari area that you are intending to
visit. Prices will change dramatically between the
high and the
low season, so good deals are to
be had in the low season but it is important to
know the difference, as your
experience will
be vastly different. Show more…
6）The Price
Going on safari is not cheap whichever way you
do it , but the price range can be enormous.
Unfortunately, safaris
in most cases are a
case of “you pay for what you get”,Show more…
7）Fly-in safari or not
Using small charter
planes is sometimes an absolute necessity for
camps in remote areas, where road transfers are
just not practical or viable. These flights
can increase the overall cost of the safari
substantially but generally they
are woth it
and allow you the flexibility to visit a variety
of safari camps in different locations. Show more…
8）Use an Agent
As you can see from all the
information and options detailed above, there is
great deal to understand and unless
you go on
safari several times a year it is impossible to
know all this stuff. Show more…
CONTACT
US NOW TO HELP PLAN YOUR SAFARI
We are
qualified travel agents who know this area
intimately!
Click on the below buttons for
some fantastic safari ideas
60. Which is a
determining factor in choosing a Safari camp?
A. Means of transport. B. Accommodation.
C. Weather patterns. D. Game guides.
61. John is planning to have an African
Safari in August 2018. He should book it in
______.
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A.
July 2018 B. January 2018
C. July 2017
D. October 2017
62. Which of the following is
FALSE about African Safari?
A. You can have
a good price but same experience if you travel in
low season.
B. If you visit different camps
in remote areas, flights may be unavoidable.
C. The more money you pay, the better experience
you’ll get.
D. Not all the parks have the
same species of animals.
（C）
A
busy brain can mean a hungry body. We often seek
food after focused mental activity, like preparing
for an
exam. Researchers think that heavy
bouts of thinking drain energy from the brain,
whose capacity to store fuel is
very limited.
So the brain, sensing that it may soon
require more calories（卡路里）to keep going,
apparently stimulates
bodily hunger, and even
though there has been little in the way of
physical movement bodily hunger, and even
though there has been little in the way of
physical movement or calorie consumption, we eat.
This process may
partly account for the weight
gain so commonly seen in college students.
Scientists at the University of Alabama at
Birmingham and another institution recently
experimented with
exercise to counter such
immoderately post - - study food consumption.
Gary Hunter, an exercise physiologist at U.A.B.,
oversaw the study. Hunter notes that tough
activity both
increases the amount of blood
sugar and lactate（乳酸盐）—
circulating in the
blood and increases blood
flow to the head.
Because the brain uses sugar and lactate as fuel,
researchers wondered if the
increased flow of
fuel-rich blood during exercise could feed an
exhausted brain and reduce the urge
to
overeat.
Thirty - - eight healthy college
students were invited to U.A.B.’s exercise lab to
report what
their favorite pizza was. At a
later date, the volunteers returned and spent 20
minutes dealing with
selections from college
and graduate - - school entrance exams. Next, half
the students sat quietly
for 15 minutes,
before being given pizza. The rest of the
volunteers spent those 15 minutes doing
intervals on a treadmill: two minutes of hard
running followed by about one minute of walking,
repeated five times. Hunter says, that should
stimulate the release of sugar and lactate into
the
bloodstream. These students were then
allowed to gorge on pizza, too. But by and large,
they did
not overeat. In fact, the non-
exercisers, however, consumed about 100 calories
more.
The study has limitations, of course.
We only looked at lunch. Hunter says；the
researchers do
not know if the runners
consumed extra calories at dinner. They also
cannot tell whether other types
of exercise
would have the same effect as running, although
Hunter says they suspect that if an
activity
causes someone to break into a sweat, it should
also increase blood sugar and lactate,
feeding
the brain and weakening hunger’s call.
63. According to the passage, ______ may cause
many college students to overeat and gain weight.
A. a lot of energy-consuming mental
activities
B. numerous physical movements
or calorie burning
C. failure to resist the
temptation of delicious food
D. bodily
hunger caused by physical growth
64. The
underlined word“counter”is closest in meaning to
_____.
A. stimulate B. maximize C.
balance D. prevent
65. What can be inferred
from the passage?
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A. Running is more beneficial than
walking.
B. Sweating in exercise can make
people hungrier.
C. The amount of blood sugar
and lactate can affect people’s appetite.
D.
When the brain feels exhausted, people tend to do
exercise for relaxation.
66. Which of the
following statements is FALSE?
A. Mental
activities can make people feel hungry.
B.
Physical exercise can make people refreshed and
stay hungry.
C. Sugar and lactate can help
energize and restore people’s brain.
D. It’s
uncertain what types of exercise can effectively
feed the brain.
Section C
Directions : Complete the following passage by
using the sentences given below . each sentence
can be
used only once. Note that there are two
more sentences than you need.
A.
When something comes from within you ,you always
try your best to analyze it in a scientific way .
B. Psychologists call this private speech
----language that is spoken loud but directed at
yourself
C. So words to the self , spoken
silently or loud , are so much more than just
chatter
D. We keep the private speech we
use as children inside ------but we never truly
put away the out=loud
version .
E.
According to he well-known saying , talking to
yourself is the first sign of madness.
F. Self-talk is efficient because when we are
vocal about our thoughts , it makes a larger
impact on our
brain.
Self-
talk helps us all
Talking to yourself may
seem a little shameful . If you’ve ever been
overheard criticizing yourself for a
foolish
mistake or practicing a speech , you’ll know the
social problems it can cause.________67__________
But there’s no need for embarrassment .
Talking to ourselves , whether out loud or
silently in our heads, is
valuable . Far from
being a sign of insanity , self-talk allows us to
plan what we are going to do , manage our
activities and control our emotions.
For
example , take a trip to any preschool and watch a
small girl playing with her toys . You are very
likely to
hear her talking to herself :
offering herself directions and talking about her
problems.
________________68_______________We
do a lot of it when we are young.
As children
,according to the Russian Psychologist Lev
Vygotsky , we use private speech to control our
actions in the same way that we use public
speech to control the behavior of others. As we
grow older , we keep
this system inside.
Psychological experiments have shown that this
so-called inner speech can improve our performance
in tasks
like telling what other people are
thinking . Our words give us an interesting view
of our actions . One recent
study suggested
that self-talk is most effective when we talk to
ourselves in the second person : as “you” rather
than “I”_____________69___________________If
you want proof , turn to a sports channel . You’re
sure to see
an athlete shouting at himself or
herself .
Talking to ourselves seems to be a
very good way of solving problems and working
through ideas. Hearing
different points of
view means our thoughts can end up in different
place , just like a regular dialogue , and might
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turn out to be
one of the keys to human creativity.
Both
kinds of self-talk -----silent and out loud
----seem to bring many different benefits to our
thinking ._____________70_______-
Summary Writing
Directions Read the
following passage . Summarize in more than 60
words the main idea of the passage and how
it
is illustrated . Use your own words as far as
possible.
For thousands of years , people
have sailed across the oceans to trade , explore
and transport goods . However ,
not every ship
arrives at its port of destination . Weather ,war
, navigation mistakes and bad luck have caused
many ships to sink to the bottom of the ocean.
These shipwrecks , which are estimated to number
more than three
million , have long fascinated
us . In addition to being historically important ,
they sometimes contain great riches.
Historical research is a key motivator for
shipwreck hunters . Ships carrying documents and
artifact can teach us
about ancient
civilizations and important events . For instance
, in 1997 the Pandora , which sank in 791, was
discovered off the coast of Australia . The
findings from the ship helped us understand the
events surrounding the
famous mutiny (暴动) on
another ship ----- the Bounty . Another important
discovery off the US coast in 1996 is
widely
believed to be the Queen Ann’s Revenge , the
flagship of the private Blackbeard.
Profit is
another motive for shipwreck exploration ,as
companies use advanced sonar , robots and
retrieval
equipment to find treasure ships .
One such firm is Odyssey Marine Exploration . The
company has found
hundreds of ships ,
including , in 2007 , a Spanish sailing ship
containing 500,000 silver coins. The ship , which
sank 200 years ago in the Atlantic Ocean ,
carried a treasure estimated to be worth $$500
million . Soon after the
discovery , a long
legal battle over ownership rights took place
between the company and the Spanish
government
. Cases like these are part of an ongoing debate
about protecting historically important ships from
treasure hunters.
Translation
Directions Translate the following sentences
into English ,using the words given in the
brackets.
1， 新颁布的禁烟令得到了广大市民的支持。（ban ）
2, 出乎我的意料， 年轻人对中国古诗词显示出了极大的热情。（passion）
3,共享单车不仅解决了最后一里路的问题，而且还有助于改善空气质量。（Not
only）
4,一考定终身的日子已经一去不复返了，
但不可否认的是考试越多，学生压力越大。（denying ）
Guided Writing
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Directions :
Writing an English composition in 120-150 words
according to the instructions given below in
Chinese.
请根据下面的图片，结合你个人的经历
，谈谈你的想法。
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答案
21 ， her 22 , shook 23, Should
24, returning 25, that 26, what , 27 Not having
done 28, to
say , 29 After 30. As
31-40 DJEHA KCFIG
41-55 CADBC
BADBA CDBAD
56-59 ACBC
60-62
DCA
63-66 ADCB
67-70 EBDC
Summary writing
Historical importance and
profit are the two main driving forces for
shipwreck explorations . Key
information about
ancient civilizations and important events can be
obtained from the wreckage . Besides ,
huge
treasures can also be found by using advanced
equipment . However , the finding of the treasure
sometimes sparks legal debate over ownership .
翻译
1， The newly-issued ban on smoking
has been supported by most citizens.
2,
Beyond my expectation , young people showed
tremendous passion for ancient Chinese poetry .
3, Not only do shared bicycles solve the
last-mile problem but also they help improve air
quality.
4. Gone are the day when one
examination could determine students’ fate , but
there is no denying that
the more examinations
they have , the more stressful they will feel.