(完整版)指示代词
友情诗-芙蓉树
第四讲：指示代词
一.指示代词：是表示指示概念的代词，即用来指示或标识人或事物的代词。
二.this和these指说话人较近的人或物，that和those指说话人较远的人或
物。
三.this和that指单数，these和those指复数.
例题:
那只狗 that dog 这个苹果 this
apple
这些学生 these students
那些尺子 those rulers
四.指示代词和定冠词the不可同时使用。
This book is new. ( √ )
The book
is new. ( √ )
This the book is new. (
× )
五. 指示代词由单数句变成复数句：
单数 复数
指示代词 this
hese
that
those
人称代词 I
we
you
you
hesheit
they
be动词 amis
are
句型转换：
1. What is this? （ 复数）
What are these?
2. That is a pen. ( 复数)
Those are pens.
注意：单数句子转变为复数句子，指示代词，人称代词，系动词，可数名词都
要变化为复数形式。
六.指示代词的一般疑问句和特殊疑问句及回答：
Is thisthat
aan....? Yes,it , it isn't.
Are thesethose....?
Yes, they , they
aren't.
What is
thisthat? It is aan.....
What are thesethose?
They are....
指示代词练习题:
一、填空。
1. I like _____ pants. _______ pants are red.(这些）
2. I don't like ____ shoes.
____shoes are too small.(那些)
3. I want
_____(这个) sweater. I don't want________（那个）
sweater._____ （那个）is too big.
二、英汉互译。
1. 这支钢笔
2. 那些英语书
3. these erasers
4. that car
5. 那棵树
tigers
三、句型转换。
1. This is a
book .（变成复数形式）
2. What are these？
(用monkey作答）
3. Is that an egg?
(作肯定和否定回答）
4. What are those?
(变单数形式）
5. Are these pandas? (作否定回答）
6. Is that a bus? （变复数形式）
7. What is this? (用apple作答）
8. Are
those knives? (变成肯定句）
9. Are these
flowers .(作肯定和否定回答）
10. What is this?
(变复数形式）
课外作业：
一.翻译下列词组。
1. 这个男孩 2.那位老师
3. 这些猫 4.那些狮子
5.那个蓝书包 6.这些山羊
二. 将下列句子变成单数或复数。
1. Are those red
skirts?
2. This is an orange.
3. What are these?
4. These are
soccers.
5. Is that a watch?
6. What is that?
三.句型转换。
this her bike? (作肯定和否定回答）
're those? (用map作答)
are
photos.(变一般疑问句并作否定回答）
's this?
(用cap作回答）
these shelves? (作肯定和否定回答）
第五讲：
人称代词、物主代词
一.
人称代词：表示人的关系的代词。英语的人称代词，有三种不同的人称
形式：第一 人称指说话
人自己；第二人称指说话的对象；第三人称指说话
人谈论的对象。三种人称又各有单、复数形式，
物主代词：表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词。物主代词分为形容词性
物主代词和
名词性物主代词两种。物主代词有人称和数的变化。
二.
人称代词、物主代词变化形式表
人称代词主格 I you he
she it we you they
人称代词宾格
me you him her it us you them
形容词性物主代词my your his her its
our your their
名词性物主代词mine yours
his hers its ours yours theirs
三.人称代词的主格和宾格的区别;
人称代词的主格通常放在动词的前面作句子的主语;
人称代词的宾格通常放在动词或介词的后面作句子的宾语。
1)I am not
good at English．Can you help me?
2)He is so kind that we all like him.
四.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的区别：
形容词性物主代词
具有形容词的特征:“……的”。放在名词之前。
名词性物主代词
具有名词的特征：“……的什么”。相当于形容词性物主代词
加上名词。
1)This is my bag，and that is yours．
2)Their school is much bigger than ours．
五.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词是可以互换的。
名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词
1）This is her
desk.=This desk is hers.
2) Are those
shoes yours? =Are those your shoes?
练习题：
一．选择正确的代词
is（my
I）mother.
2. Nice to meet （your
you）.
3. （He His）name is Mark.
4. What’s（she her）name?
5.
Excuse（me my I）.
6. Are（your
you）Miss Li?
7. （I My）am Ben.
8. （She Her）is my sister.
9. Fine , thank （your you）.
10. How
old is （he his）.
二. 将下列句子变成同义句。
is my T-shirt.
those erasers theirs?
are his pants.
this your
pencil?
cup is hers.
三.用适当的人称代词填空：
1. __________ is my aunt.
We often visit __________. ( she )
2.
China is a developing country. _________is in the
east of Asia.
( its )
3. What day
is __________ today? — __________ is Thursday.
(its)
4. I own a blue bike. The red one
isn’t __________. ( I )
5. These new
houses are so nice. __________ are very
expensive.( them )
6. The fishermen
caught a lot of fish, didn’t __________? ( them )
7. Ling Ling is a girl. ____ studies in
a primary school. ______ brother
lives with
____ and helps ____ with______ lessons. ( she
)
8. Mike is my classmate. ____ is good
at Engliush . ( his )
9. Kate wants a
glass of milk. Will you pass it to ____ ? ( she )
10. What’s the weather like today ? ____
is cloudy. ( its )
四.三、用适当的人称代词和物主代词填空
1. Your football
clothes are on the desk.
Please put
_________(they，them，their，theirs) away.
2. (We，Us，Our，Ours)_________ English teacher is
Mrs. Green.
We all like
_________(she，her，hers).
3.
(I，Me，My，Mine)_________ can’t get my kite.
Could you help _________(I，me，my，mine)?
4. Tom can’t get down from the tree.
Can
you help _________(he，him，his)?
5. We
can’t find our bikes.
Can you help
_________(we，us，our，ours)?
6. These
are _________(he，him，his) planes.
The
white ones are _________(I，me，mine）.
课外作业：
一. 填入正确的人称代词和物主代词
1. This
isn’t________knife. _________ is green. ( she )
2. These are your books，Kate. Put
__________ in the desk，please.
(they )
3. _______ must look after ________ things.
( you )
4. Wei Fang，is that ________
ruler? Yes，it’s.( you )
5. They want a
football. Give __________ the green one，please. (
they)
6. It’s Lin Tao’s bag. Give it to
__________. ( he )
7. Is this pencil-
box Li Lei’s? No，___________ is very new. ( he )
8. This box is too heavy. I can’t carry
_________. ( it )
Don’t worry，Let
__________( I ) help __________. ( you)
9. _____ is a boy _____ name is Mike. Mike’s
friends like _____ very
much. ( he )
10. My sister is in _____ room. _____ is a
teacher. ( she )
11. Jane is a
little girl. _____ mother is a nurse. ( she )
12. We are in _____ classroom. _____
classroom is big. ( we)
13. My father
and mother are teachers. _____ are busy ( them)
14. You are a pupil. Is _____ brother a
pupil, too? ( you )
二.用括号中的适当形式填空
these ________（you）pencils?
Yes, they are
________（our）.
2.—Whose is this
pencil?
—It’s ________（I）.
3.I
love ________（they）very much.
is________（I）classmate.
Li often looks
after________（she）brother.
6.—Are these
________（they）bags ？
—No, they aren’t
________（their）. They are ________（we）.
三.
翻译句子
1. _____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。
2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。
3.
Who is there? It’s _____. 是谁啊？是我。
4.
Come with _____. 跟我来。
5. ______
classroom is bigger than _____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。
6. ______ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。
7.I want to buy some balloons for ______.
我想买些气球送给他。
8. These are ______ photos.
这些是我们的照片。
9. _____ like ______ very
much. 他们非常喜欢它。
_____ give _____ a
book. 让我给你一本书。
is _____ father.
这是我的爸爸。
that bike ______? Yes, it’s
______. 那辆自行车是你的吗？是，
它是我的。
13.
_____ like ______ car. 我喜欢他们的小汽车。
14.
Our school is here, and _______ is there.
我们的学校在这儿，他
们的在那儿。
15. Whose bike is
this? It’s ______ (= _____ ______).
这是谁的自
行车？是她 的。
16. Is that car
______? Yes, it’s ______. 那辆车是你的吗？是的，它
是我的。
第六讲 一般过去时
一．一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作，习惯或存在的状态，常和表示
过去的时
间状语连用，如：yesterday，last night，in 1990，2 days
ago，
since 1999等。
二．动词过去式的规则变化：
1．直接加“ed”：work—— worked look——looked ，
2．以不发音的字母“e”结尾的单词，直接加“d”：live ——lived
hope——
hoped use——used,
3.
以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加“ed”：study—— studied
carry——
carried worry——worried,
4.
以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加“ed”：enjoy ——enjoyed play——played
5. 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed：stop—— stopped
plan—
—planned
不规则变化的动词过去式：
have---had
are---were get---got say---said feel---felt
dodoes---did is---was go---went drink--drank
eat--ate
bring----brought think----thought
buy----bought catch---- caught
teach ----
taught sit----sat wear----wore cut----cut
sweep----swept sleep——slept become----
became
三．一般过去时的句型结构:
肯定形式：主语+动词过去式+时间状语
例句：She moved to
Shanghai last month.
否定形式：
①waswere+not；②在行为动词前加didn't，同时动词为原型.
例句：Li
Ming didn’t visit his uncle last Sunday.
She wasn’t at home yesterday.
一般疑问句：
①Did+主语+do+其他？ ②WasWere+主语+表语?主语I,we变you
例句
1）Mr Yang bought a bike for his son.
Did Mr Yang buy a bike for his son? Yes,he did.
No,he didn’
t.
2)We were happy last
night.
Were you happy last night?
Yes, we were. No, we weren’t
一般过去时练习题：
一．写出下列动词的过去式。
go enjoy buy
eat get walk take dance run
swim find begin play study am
have hope stop are
二．句型转换
1. The
children had a good time in the park.
否定句：____________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________
肯定否定回答：____________________________________
2. There were about nine hundred people at the
concert.
否定句：__________________________________________
一般疑问句：________________________________________
肯定否定回答：____________________________________
3. Ann did her homework yesterday evening.
否定句：__________________________________________
一般疑问句：_____________________________________
肯定否定回答：____________________________________
4. I read an English book last week.
否定句：__________________________________________
一般疑问句：________________________________________
肯定否定回答：____________________________________
5. My brother was in the park just now.
否定句：__________________________________________
一般疑问句：________________________________________
肯定否定回答：___________________________________
did her homework at home.（改否定句）
Lucy
___________ ___________ her homework at home.
found some meat in the fridge（冰箱）.（变一般疑问句)
___________ he __________ ___________ meat in the
fridge?
stayed there __for a
time___.（对划线部分提问）
__________ ___________
__________ she __________ there?
was some
orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句)
_________ there
___________ orange in the cup?
10. I am a
teacher.
一般过去时：________________________________________
three years
ago.
否定句：________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________
肯定否定回答：_______________________________________
_
三．用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Tom and
Mary ___________ (come) to China last month.
2. Mike _________________(not go) to bed until 12
o'clock last night.
So he ______ (get) up
late.
3. Mary __________ (read) English
yesterday morning.
4. Tom ___________
(begin) to learn Chinese last year.
5. My
mother ________________ (not do) housework
yesterday.
6. There ____________ a telephone
call for you just now. (be)
7. -When _______
you _________ (come) to china? -Last year.
8. _________ (be) it cold in your city yesterday?
9. How many people ________ (be) there in
your class last term?
10. There ________ (be)
a football match on TV yesterday evening, but
I _________ (have) no time to watch .
四、改错题(请改正每个句子中的一个错误)
1．How is Jane
yesterday?
_________________________________________
2．He go to school by bus last week.
________________________________
3．He goes
home at 6:00 last month.
________________________________
4．I can fly
kites seven years ago.
___________________________________
5．Did you saw him just now.
_______________________________________
6．Tom wasn't watch TV last night.
________________________________
7．I did not
my homework yesterday.
_______________________________
8．He wait
for you three hours ago.
_________________________________
9．Who find
it just now?
____________________________________________
课外作业:
一.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. I ______
(watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
2. Her father
_______ (read) a newspaper last night.
3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the
park. (go)
4. ______ you _______ (visit)
your relatives last Spring Festiva
l?
5.
______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he
______.
6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up
carrots last National Day holiday.
7. I
____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my
mother ____
__.
8. What _________ she
_________ (find) in the garden last mornin
g?
She _________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.
9. It _________ (be) Ben's birthday last
Friday
10. 10. We all _________ (have) a
good time last night.
11. He _________
(jump) high on last Sports Day.
12. 12.
Helen _________ (milk) a cow on Friday.
13.
She likes _________ newspapers, but she _________
a book yest
erday. (read)
14. He _______
football now, but they _______ basketball just
now.
(play)
15. Jim's mother _________
(plant) trees just now.
16. _______ they
________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they
_
________.
17. I _______ (watch) a
cartoon on Monday.
18 We ____ (go) to
school on Sunday.
19. It ____ (be) the 2nd
of November yesterday. Mr White ___ (go)
to
his office by car.
20. Gao Shan ________
(put) the book on his head a moment ago.
21. Don't ______ the house. Mum
_______ it yesterday. (clean)
22. What
_________ you ______ just now? I _______ some
housework.
(do)
23. They _________
(make) a kite a week ago.
24. I want to
______ apples. But my dad _______ all of them last
month. (pick)
25. _______ he ______ the
flowers this morning? Yes, he _____. (w
ater)
26. She ____ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she
_____ (do) Chinese dan
ces.
27. The
students often _________ (draw) some pictures in
the art
room.
二.中译英
1．我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。
2．他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。
3．一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。
4.. 格林先生去年住在中国。
5. 昨天我们参观了农场。
6.
他刚才在找他的手机。
7. 我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。
I
_________ _________ __________ __________ exciting
weekend.
8. Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。
Jenny likes _________ __________. She _________ an
English book l
ast night.
9.
Emma每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。
Emma __________ TV every
day. But he _________ ___________
yester
day.
10.
上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。
What ________ they
_________ _________ Saturday?
They
_________homework and _________ __________.