施心远主编听力教程3(第2版)Unit2答案
再塑生命-中秋快乐祝福语
UNIT 2
Section One Tactics for
listening
Part 1 Sport Dictation
My Mother
My mother was an efficient (1) taskmaster who
cooked, cleaned and
shopped for nine people
(2) on a daily basis. She was a disciplinarian*
who would (3) make us seven kids walk up and
down the stairs a hundred
times if we clumped
like (4)field hands to-dinner. She also enlisted
us
to help her in the day's (5) chores.
My
mother believed that each of her children had a
special (6) knack
that made him or her
invaluable on certain (7) missions. My brother
Mike,
for example, was believed to have
especially (8) keen eyesight. He was
hoisted
up as a human (9) telescope whenever she needed to
see something
(10) far away. John was the
climber when a kite (11) got caught. My own
job was navigator for our (12) gigantic old
Chrysler.
But my mother's (13) ability to get
work done well was only (14) one
side. She
also had an (15) imagination that carried her in
different
directions. That (16) allowed her to
transcend her everyday life. She
did not (17)
believe in magic as portrayed on a stage, but (18)
valued
instead the sound of a metal bucket
being (19) filled by a hose, or the
persistence of a dandelion at the (20) edge of
a woodpile.
Part 2 Listening for Gist
For
hundreds of years man has been fascinated by the
idea of flying.
One of the first men to
produce designs for aircraft was Leonardo da
Vinci,
an Italian artist who lived in the
fifteenth century. However, it was
not until
the eighteenth century that people began to fly,
or perhaps
it would be better to say float,
across the countryside in balloons. The
first
hot-air balloon was made in April 1783 by the
Montgolfier brothers
in France.
In the
following years many flights were made by balloon.
Some of
the flights were for pleasure and
others were for delivering mail and
for
military purposes, such as observation and even
bombing. However,
in the late nineteenth
century, airships superseded balloons as a form
of transport.
Airships came after
balloons. The first powered and manned flight
was made by a Frenchman, Giffard, in September
1852. His airship, powered
by steam, traveled
twenty-seven kilometers from Paris to Trappes at a
speed of eight kilometers per hour. However
the days of the airship were
numbered as the
aero- plane became increasingly safe and popular.
Exercise
Directions: Listen to the
passage and write down the gist and the key
words that help you decide.
1. This
passage is about the early history of flying.
2. The key words are designs, an
Italian artist, fifteenth century,
eighteenth
century, fly, float, balloons, hot-air balloon,
April
1783, airships, September 1852,
aeroplane.
Section Two Listening
Comprehension
Part 1 Dialogue
Buying
a Car
A: Good morning, can I help you?
B:
Yes, I'm interested in buying a car.
A: Have
you anything in mind?
B: Not really.
A:
What price are you thinking of?
B: Not more
than
£13,500.
A: Let's see now ... Over
there between the Lancia and the Volvo is a
Mini. It costs £12,830 and is cheap to run: It
does 38 miles per gallon.
Or there's the
Citroen, behind the Mini. It costs £12,070 and is
even
cheaper to run than the Mini: It does 45
miles per gallon. It's not
very fast though.
It only does 69 miles per hour.
B: No, I
think the Mini and the Citroen are too small. I've
got three
children. Isn't there anything
bigger at that price?
A: Well, there's the
Toyota over there, to the left of the Peugeot.
It's
very comfortable and costs £13,040. It's
cheap to run too, and it
also has a built-in
radio. Or there's the Renault at the back of the
showroom, behind the Peugeot. It costs a
little more, £13,240, but
it is cheaper to
run. It does 40 miles per gallon and the Toyota
only
does 36 miles per gallon.
B: What
about that Volkswagen over there, in front of the
Toyota?
A: That costs a little more than
£13,500 but it's a very reliable car.
It's
more expensive to run than the others: It does 34
miles per gallon,
but it's faster. Its top
speed is 90 miles per hour. The Toyota's is
80
miles per hour and the Renault's is 82 miles per
hour.
B: How much does it cost?
A:
£13,630 and that includes a 5-year guarantee.
B: And the Fiat next to the Volkswagen?
A: Again that's more than £13,500, but it's
cheaper than the Volkswagen.
It costs £13,550.
B: Hmm well, I'll have to think about it and
study these pamphlets. How
much is that
Peugeot incidentally, behind the Lancia?
A:
Oh, that's expensive. It costs £15,190.
B:
Yes, that is a bit too much. Thank you very much
for your help. Goodbye.
R
£13.240
40mg
82mh
T
£13,040
36mg
80mh
VW
£13,630
34mg
90mh
P
£15,190
C
£12,070
45mg
69mh
M
£12,830
38mg
F
£13,550
L
£16,240
V
£15,850
Part 2 Passage
The Wrights’
Story
On the morning of December 17, 1903,
between 10:30 a.m. and noon, four
flights were
made, two by Orville Wright and two by Wilbur
Wright. The
starts were all made from a point
on the level sand about 200 feet west
of our
camp, which is located a quarter of a mile north
of the Kill Devil
sand hill, in Dare County,
North Carolina.
The wind at the time of the
flights had a velocity* of 27 miles an
hour at
10 a.m., and 24 miles an hour at noon, as recorded
by the
anemometer* at the Kitty Hawk Weather
Bureau Station.
The flights were directly
against the wind. Each time the machine
started from the level ground by its own power
alone with no assistance
from gravity or any
other source whatever.
After a run of about
40 feet along a monorail* track, which held
the machine 8 inches (20 centimeters) from the
ground, it rose from the
track and under the
direction of the operator climbed upward on an
inclined course till a height of 8 or 10 feet
from the ground was reached,
after which the
course was kept as near horizontal as the wind
gusts and
the limited skill of the operator
would permit.
Into the teeth of a December
gale （逆风） the made its way
forward with a
speed of 10 miles an hour over the ground and 30
to 35
miles an hour through the air.
It
had previously been decided that for reasons of
personal safety
these first trials should be
made as close to the ground as possible.
The
height chosen was sufficient for maneuvering* in
so gusty a wind and
with no previous
acquaintance with the conduct of the machine and
its
controlling mechanisms. Consequently the
first flight was short.
The succeeding
flights rapidly increased in length，and at the
fourth
trial a flight of 59 seconds was made,
in which time the machine flew
a little more
than half a mile through the air and a distance of
852 feet
over the ground.
The landing was
due to a slight error of judgment on the part of
the
aviator. After passing over a little
hummock* of sand, in attempting to
bring the
machine down to the desired height, the operator
turned the
rudder* too far, and the machine
turned downward more quickly than had
been
expected. The reverse movement of the rudder was a
fraction of a
second(转瞬间，顷刻) too late to
prevent the machine from touching the
ground
and thus ending the flight.
As winter was
already well set in, we should have postponed the
trials
to a more favorable season, but we were
determined to know whether the
machine
possessed sufficient power to fly, sufficient
strength to
withstand the shocks of landings
and sufficient capacity of control to
make
flight safe in boisterous* winds, as well as in
calm air.
Exercise A Pre-listening
Question
Orville Wright (1871-1948), American
aeronautical engineer, famous for
his role in
the first controlled, powered flight in a heavier-
than-air
machine and for his participation in
the design of the aircraft's control
system.
Wright worked closely with his brother, Wilbur
Wright (1867-1912),
American aeronautical
engineer, in designing and flying the Wright
airplane.
During the years 1900, 1901,
1902, and 1903, the two brothers developed
the
first effective airplane. At Kitty Hawk, North
Carolina, on December
17, 1903, Orville Wright
made the first successful flight of a piloted,
heavier-than-air, self-propelled craft, called
the Flyer. The third
Flyer, which the Wrights
constructed in 1905, was the world's first fully
practical airplane. It could bank, turn,
circle, make figure eights, and
remain in the
air for as long as the fuel lasted, up to half an
hour on
occasion.
Exercise B Sentence
Dictation
Directions: Listen to some
sentences and write them down. You will hear
each sentence three times.
1. On the
morning of December 17, 1903, between 10:30 a.m.
and noon, four
flights were made, two by
Orville Wright and two by Wilbur Wright.
2.
Under the direction of the operator it climbed
upward on an inclined
course till a height of
8 or 10 feet from the ground was reached.
3.
Into the teeth of a December gale the made its way
forward with
a speed of 10 miles an hour over
the ground and 30 to 35 miles an hour
through
the air.
4. The height chosen was sufficient
for maneuvering in so gusty a wind
and
with no previous acquaintance with the conduct of
the machine and
its controlling mechanisms.
5 .In attempting to bring the machine down to
the desired height, the
operator turned the
rudder too far, and the machine turned downward
more quickly than had been expected.
Exercise C Detailed Listening
Directions: Listen to the passage and answer
the following questions.
1. Four flights
were made on the morning of December 17, 1903, two
by
Orville Wright and two by Wilbur Wright.
2. The wind at the time of the flights had a
velocity of 27 miles an hour
at 10 a.m., and
24 miles an hour at noon, as recorded by the
anemometer
at the Kitty Hawk Weather Bureau
Station.
3. Each time the machine started
from the level ground by its own power
alone
with no assistance from gravity or any other
source whatever.
4. The machine ran about 40
feet along a monorail track before it rose
from the track.
5. These first trials
should be made as close to the ground as possible
for reasons of personal safety.
6. The
machine flew a little more than half a mile
through the air in 59
seconds at the fourth
trial.
7. The early landing was due to a
slight error of judgment on the part
of the
aviator.
8. As winter was already well set
in, it was not a favorable season for
the
trials.
Exercise D After-listening
Discussion
Directions: Listen to the passage
again and discuss the following
questions.
1. Because they wanted to know whether the
machine possessed sufficient
power to fly,
sufficient strength to withstand the shocks of
landings
and sufficient capacity of control to
make flight safe in boisterous
winds as well
as in calm air.
2. (Open)
Section Three News
News Item 1
World Basketball Championship
The
semifinal round of the World Basketball
Championship
tournament is later today
(Saturday) in the mid-western (US) state of
Indiana.
Argentina is the only undefeated
team at the tournament. The South
Americans
have outscored their opponents by an average of 19
points per
game. On Wednesday, Argentina
shocked the host United States (87-80) to
snap
a 58-game international winning streak* by
professional squads of
the National Basketball
Association players.
Argentina also defeated
Brazil (78-67) to reach the semifinal round
where the team will face Germany. Primarily
using European experienced
players, Argentina
defeated Germany earlier in the second round,
86-77.
Defending champion Yugoslavia, which
ousted the United States (81-78)
in the
quarterfinals, plays upstart* New Zealand. But
Yugoslav head coach
Svetislav Pesic says he is
not surprised.
The losers of each game will
play for the third place on Sunday before
the
championship game.
Exercise A
Directions: Listen to the news item and
complete the summary.
This news item is about
the semifinal round of the World Basketball
Championship tournament.
Exercise B
Directions: Listen to the news again and
complete the following
sentences.
1. In
the second round Argentina defeated Germany 86-77.
2. Argentina also defeated Brazil to reach the
seminal round.
3. Before the semifinal round
Argentina is the only undefeated team at
the
tournament.
4. Defending champion Yugoslavia,
which ousted the United States in the
quarterfinals, plays against New Zealand.
5. The four teams that will play in the
semifinals are Argentina, Germany,
Yugoslavia
and New Zealand.
6. The losers of each game
will play for the third place before the
championship game.
News Item 2
European Football
English football club
Liverpool crashed out of the Champions League,
despite fighting back from a 3-0 deficit to
tie FC Basel 3-3 in Switzerland.
Liverpool
needed a win Tuesday to qualify for the second
phase. Instead,
the English club will play for
the UEFA Cup. Basel became the first Swiss
side ever to reach the last 16 of the
Champions League, qualifying second
in Group
B· behind Valencia of Spain, which beat Spartak
Moscow 3-0.
English champion Arsenal played
to a scoreless home draw against
Dutch-side
PSV Eindhoven to top Group A and move into the
second phase,
where the team will be
seeded. They'll be joined by German team Borussia
Dortmund*, which advanced despite a 1-0 loss
to Auxerre in France.
AS Roma played to a 1-1
draw against AEK Athens in Italy, to capture
second place in Group C. Group winner Real
Madrid of Spain will also
advance, after
drawing 1-1 with Racing Genk* in Belgium.
In
Group D, Inter Milan of Italy got a pair of goals
from Hernan Crespo
to beat Ajax Amsterdam 2-1
in the Netherlands. Both teams qualified at
the expense of French side Lyon, which was
held to a 1-1 draw by Rosenborg
in Norway.
Exercise A
Directions: Listen to the
news item and complete the summary.
This news
item is about European football matches.
Exercise B
Directions: Listen to the news
again and decide whether the following
statements are true (T) or false (F).
1.T
2.F 3.F 4.T 5.T 6.F 7.T
News
Item 3
Kemper Open Golf Preview
The annual
Kemper Open* golf tournament gets underway
Thursday
near Washington at the Tournament
Players Club at Avenel.
Twenty-eight-year-old
American Rich Beem is back to defend his title.
Before his victory here, he had missed the
halfway cuts in five straight
tournaments. He
hopes he can again find his form during the next
four
days, as he is currently 132nd on the
money list.
The player who is number-one on
golf's money list and in the
world rankings,
American Tiger Woods, decided to skip this event
after winning the rain-delayed Memorial Open
in (Dublin) Ohio on
Monday.
Compatriot*
Jeff Sluman says even Tiger has to take periodic
breaks.
He's unbelievable. He's got an
opportunity, as I said even a couple
years
ago, if he stays healthy and does the right
things, he can maybe
be the best golfer of all
time, and he's showing right now what he can
do. The kid is just a fabulous, fabulous
player, but he can't play every
week.
Eight
of the past 10 Kemper Open winners are in this
year's field of
156 golfers, who are vying for
three million dollars in prize money. The
first-place check has been increased from 450
thousand to 540 thousand
dollars.
Exercise A
Directions: Listen to
the news item and complete the summary.
This
news item is about an annual Kemper Open golf
tournament on Thursday.
Exercise B
Directions: Listen to the news again and
answer the following questions.
1. The
Kemper Open golf tournament will be held on
Thursday.
2. Rich Beem comes back to defend
his title.
3. He is currently ranked 132nd on
the money list.
4. Tiger Woods is number-one
on golf's money list and in the world
rankings.
5. He has to take a break after
a match on Monday.
6. There are 156 golfers
taking part in this event.
7. The total prize
money is three million dollars.
8. The prize
for the first place is 540 thousand dollars
Section Four Supplementary Exercise
Part 1 Feature Report
US Men’s National
Collegiate Basketball Tournament
The
widely followed US men's national collegiate
basketball
tournament concludes tonight (9
p.m. EST) in Atlanta with a championship
match-up* between Maryland and Indiana.
Maryland is in the championship game for the
first time in the school
history. To get here,
the Maryland Terrapins had to beat three teams
with
great basketball
traditions:
Kentucky, Connecticut and Kansas.
Now they
face another, Indiana. While Maryland was one of
the four
top seeds in this 65-team tournament,
the Indiana Hoosiers* were a fifth
seed, and
virtually no one expected them to reach the title
game*. But
they knocked off defending champion
Duke in the third round, and in the
semifinals
they upset Oklahoma.
Maryland coach Gary
Williams knows it will take a solid effort to
win.
their record. You look at how
they're playing now, how they play. Any
time a
team plays team defense like they do, they have a
chance to beat
anybody. That's what concerns
me the most, their ability to play together
as
a unit, because a lot of times you can play with
anybody when you play
that close together like
they do.
Indiana has 27 wins and 11 defeats
this season. The last time a team
won the
national championship with as many as 11 losses
was Kansas in
1988. Maryland has a school
record of 31 wins against only 4 losses. It
has three seniors in the starting line-
up* who reached the semifinals
last year, and
they are determined that this time they will take
home
the school's first men's national
basketball championship.
Exercise A
Directions: Listen to the news report and
complete the summary.
This news report is
about two teams that will compete for the
championship
of US men's national collegiate
basketball tournament.
Exercises B
Directions: Listen to the news again and
complete the following
sentences.
1.
Maryland moves in the championship game for the
first time in the school
history.
2. The
Maryland Terrapins had to beat three teams with
great basketball
traditions before it reached
the title game.
3. Among the 65 teams, the
Indiana team was a fifth seed.
4. Indiana has
27 wins and 11 defeats this season.
5. Last
year the Maryland Terrapins reached the
semifinals.
6. In 1988, the team who won the
national championship with as many as
11
losses was Kansas.
Part 2 Passage
Who
on Earth Invented the Airplane?
1. He would
keep his dirigible tied to a gas lamp post in
front of
his Paris apartment and during the
day he'd fly to go shopping or
to visit
friends.
2. Since his was the first public
flight in the world, he was hailed
as the
inventor of the airplane all over Europe.
3.
But to bring up the Wright brothers with a
Brazilian is bound to
elicit an avalanche of
arguments as to why their flight didn't
count.
4. His flight did meet the criteria: He took
off unassisted,
publicly flew a predetermined
length and then landed safely.
5. By the time
the Brazilian got around to(开始考虑做) his maiden
flight the Wright brothers had already flown
numerous times,
including one flight in which
they flew 39 kilometers.
Ask anyone
in Brazil who invented the airplane, and they will
say
Alberto Santos-Dumont, a bon vivant as
well-known for his aerial
prowess as he was
for his dandyish* dress and place in the high-
society
life of Belle Epoque Paris.
As
Paul Hoffman recounts in his biography Wings of
Madness, the
eccentric* Brazilian was
the only person in his day to own a flying
machine.
his Paris apartment at the
Champs Elysees, and every night he would
fly
to Maxim's for dinner. During the day he'd fly to
go shopping or
to visit friends,
It was on
November 12, 1906, when Santos-Dumont flew a kite-
like
contraption* with boxy wings called the
14-Bis some 220 meters on the
outskirts of
Paris. Since his was the first public flight in
the world,
he was hailed as the inventor of
the airplane all over Europe.
It was only
later that Orville and Wilbur Wright proved they
had
beaten Santos-Dumont at Kitty Hawk, North
Carolina, three years
earlier.
But to
bring up the Wright brothers with a Brazilian is
bound to
elicit* an avalanche of arguments as
to why their flight didn't count.
a taxi
driver in Rio de Janeiro.
The debate
centers on the definition of flight.
Henrique
Lins de Barros, a Brazilian physicist and Santos-
Dumont
expert, argues that the Wright
brothers' flight did not fulfill the
conditions that had been set up at the time to
distinguish a true flight
from a prolonged
hop.
Santos-Dumont's flight did meet the
criteria: He took off unassisted,
publicly
flew a predetermined length and then landed
safely.
century, the Wright brothers
simply did not fill any of the
prerequisites,
Brazilians claim that the
Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with
a
catapult or at an incline, disqualifying it from
being a true
airplane.
Even Santos-Dumont
experts like Lins de Barros concede* this is
wrong. He says that the steady winds at Kitty
Hawk were crucial for
the Flyer's takeoff,
disqualifying the flight because it probably could
not lift off on its own.
Peter Jakab,
chairman of the aeronautics division at the US
National
Air and Space Museum in Washington,
says such claims are preposterous*.
By the
time Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight
the Wright
brothers had already flown numerous
times, including one flight in
which they flew
39 kilometers.
Even in France the Wrights
are considered to have flown before
Santos-
Dumont, says Claude Carlier, director of the
French Center for
the History of Aeronautics
and Space.
By rounding the Eiffel Tower in a
motorized dirigible in .1901,
Santos-
Dumont helped prove that air travel could be
controlled.
Exercise A
Pre-listening Question
Alberto Santos-Dumont
was a wealthy Brazilian aviation pioneer who came
to Paris, France, at the age of 18 to live and
study. He attempted his
first balloon ascent
in 1897 and had his first successful ascent in
1898.
He began to construct dirigible airships
powered with gasoline-powered
engines in 1898
and built and flew fourteen of the small
dirigibles. In
1901, he flew his hydrogen-
filled airship from St. Cloud, around the
Eiffel Tower, and back to St. Cloud. It was
the first such flight and
won him the Deutsch
Prize and a prize from the Brazilian government.
In
1902, he attempted to cross the
Mediterranean in an airship but crashed
into
the sea. In 1909, he produced his
monoplane,
the precursor to the modern light plane.
Exercise B Sentence Dictation
Directions:
Listen to some sentences and write them down. You
will
hear each sentence three times.
Exercise C Detailed Listening
Directions:
Listen to the passage and decide whether the
following
statements are true (T) or false
(F). Discuss with your classmates why
you
think the statement is true or false.
-T- 1.
The Brazilians believe that it was Alberto Santos-
Dumont who
invented the airplane.
(Ask
anyone in Brazil who invented the airplane, and
they will say Alberto
Santos-Dumont ... )
-T- 2. In Paul Hoffman's day Alberto
Santos-Dumont was the only person
to own a
flying machine.
(As Paul Hoffman recounts in
his biography Wings of Madness, the eccentric
Brazilian was the only person in his day to
own a flying machine.)
-T- 3. According to
Hoffman, Alberto Santos-Dumont used his dirigible
as a means of transportation.
(He would
keep his dirigible tied to a gas lamp post in
front of his Paris
apartment at the Champs
Elysees, and he would fly to Maxim's for dinner
every night and he'd fly to go shopping or to
visit friends during the
day.)
-F 4. On
November 12, 1906, Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like
device with
boxy wings some 200 meters on the
outskirts of Paris.
(It was on November 12,
1906, when Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like
contraption with boxy wings called the 14-Bis
some 220 meters on the
outskirts of Paris.)
-T- 5. Some Brazilians claim that the Wrights
launched their Flyer
in 1903 with assistance
by a device.
(Brazilians claim that
the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with a
catapult or at an incline, disqualifying it
from being a true airplane.)
-T- 6. Some
experts believe steady wind might have helped the
Flyer's
takeoff.
(Even Santos-Dumont
experts like Lins de Barros ... , Lins de Barros
says that the steady winds at Kitty Hawk were
crucial for the Flyer's
takeoff, disqualifying
the flight because it probably could not lift
off on its own.)
-F 7. Officials from
the US National Air Force say such claims are
groundless.
(Peter Jakab, chairman of
the aeronautics division at the US National
Air and Space Museum in Washington, says such
claims are preposterous.)
-T- 8. The Wrights
had already made several successful flights before
Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight.
(By the time Santos-Dumont got around to his
maiden flight the Wright
brothers had already
flown numerous times, including one flight in
which
they flew 39 kilometers.)
Exercise
D After-listening Discussion
Directions:
Listen to the passage again and discuss the
following
questions.
1. By rounding the
Eiffel Tower in a motorized dirigible in 1901,
Santos-Dumont helped prove that air travel
could be controlled.
2. (Open)