2014年上海市高考英语试卷及答案完美解析(word版)
郭明义-年终总结个人
2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试
上海英语试卷
考生注意：
1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷
和答题纸两部分。试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（笫1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答題必
须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答題前，务必在答題纸
上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在答題纸反面
清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷 （共103分）
I. Listening
Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In
Section A, you will hear ten short conversations
between two speakers. At the end of each
conversation, a question will be asked about
what was said. The conversations and the questions
will be spoken
only once. After you hear a
conversation and the question about it, read the
four possible answers on your paper,
and
decide which one is the best answer to the
question you have heard.
1. A.
policewoman.
2. A. Confident.
3. A. At a
restaurant.
C. In a bank.
4. A. A
disaster.
5. A. Catch the train.
C. Get
some stationery.
B. A judge.
B. Puzzled.
B.A new roof.
C. A
reporter.
C. Satisfied.
B. At a car
rental agency.
D. In a driving school.
C.
A performance.
B. Meet Jane.
D. Clean
the backyard.
B. Buy the vase she really
likes.
D. Bargain with the shop assistant.
B. Take a chemistry course.
D. Get her
computer repaired.
C. Shocked. D.
Sympathetic.
D. A TV station.
D. A
waitress.
D. Worried.
6. A. Ask for
something cheaper.
C. Protect herself from
being hurt.
7. A. Use a computer in the lab.
C. Help him revise his report.
8. A.
Amused. B. Embarrassed.
9. A. She doesn't
plan to continue studying next year.
B. She
has already told the man about her plan.
C.
She isn’t planning to leave her university.
D. She recently visited a different university.
10. A. It spoke highly of the mayor. B. It
misinterpreted the mayor’s speech.
C. It
made the mayor’s view clearer. D. It carried the
mayor’s speech accurately.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two
short passages, and you will be asked three
questions on each of the
passages.
The passages will be read twice, but the questions
will be spoken only once. When you hear a
question,
read the four possible answers on
your paper and decide which one would be the best
answer to the question
you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the
following passage.
11. A. 70 B. 20 C. 25. D.
75
12. houses there can't be sold.
C.
The cabins and facilities are shared.
13. A.
A skiing resort.
C. A splendid mountain.
B. It is a place for work and
holiday.
D. It is run by the residents
themselves.
B. A special community.
D. A
successful businesswoman.
Questions 14 through
16 are based on the following news.
14. who
often sent text messages.
who did no
physical exercise.
15. responded more slowly
than usual.
C. They typed 10 percent faster
on average.
16. A. Why chemical therapy works.
marriage helps fight cancer.
unmarried
people survive cancer.
cancer is detected
after marriage.
Section C
Directions:
InSectionC,youwillheartwolongerconversations.
Theconversationswillberead twice. After you hear
each conversation, you are required to fill in
the numbered blanks with the information you have
heard. Write
your answers on your answer
sheet.
Blanks 17 through 20 are based on
the following conversation.
Complete the form.
Write ONE WORD for each answer.
Travelers’ Survey Sheet
Travel purpose:
for a(n) 17 in London
Comments on the
airport environment facilities:
Likes: • 18
• 19 walkways
Dislikes: • 20 shops
•small trolleys
B.
Those who suffered from heart disease.
D.
whose who were unmarried
B. They sent more
messages.
edited more passages.
Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the
following conversation.
Complete the form.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
What is critical thinking in reading?
Assessing the writer’s ideas and thinking
about
the 21 of what the writer is saying.
What is the first step in reading an academic
Finding out the argument and the writer's main
text critically? line of22 .
What may
serve as the evidence?
What is the key to
critical thinking?
23 , survey
results, examples, etc.
To read actively and
24.
r and vocabulary
Section A
Directions:After reading the passages below,
fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent
and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with
a given word, fill in each blank with the proper
form of the given word; for the other
blanks,
use one word that best fits each blank.
(A)
My Stay in New York
After
graduation from university, I had been unable to
secure a permanent job in my small town. So I
decided to leave home for New York,
(25)______I might have a better chance to find a
good job. (26) ______
(earn) some money to pay
the daily expenses, I started work in a local café
as a waiter. I believed that (27)
______
______ ______ I was offered a good position, I
would resign at once.
Over time, the high cost
of living became a little burden on my already
(28) ______ (exhaust) shoulder. On
the other
hand, my search for a respectable job had not met
with much success. As I had studied literature at
university, I found it quite difficult to
secure a suitable job in big companies. Mother had
just said that (29)
______ I wanted to have a
better career advancement, I had to find work in
the city. Perhaps (30) ______my
mother had
told me was deeply rooted in my mind. I just did
as she had expected.
Soon I had lived in the
city for over six months but I still did not like
it. Apparently, I had difficulty (31)
______
(adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone
finding a job to my delight. After nine months of
frustration, I
eventually decided to go back
to my small town. Not until I returned (32)
______I realize that a quiet town life
was the
best for me.
(B)
The giant vending machine
(自动售货机) is a new village shop
Villagers
have long been used to facing a drive when they
run out of basic supplies. However, help is now
nearer at hand in form of the country’s first
automatic push-button shop. Now residents in the
Derbyshire Village
of Clifton can buy
groceries around the clock after the huge vending
was installed outside a pub in the village this
week.
Peter Fox, who is
(33)______electrical engineer, spent two and a
half years working on the project. The
machine
(34)______ (equip) with securing cameras and
alarms and looks like a mini shop with a brick
front, a
grey roof and a display window.
Mr. Fox said he hoped his invention, (35)______ is
set to be installed in other villages in the area
over the
coming months, will mark a return to
convenience shopping for rural communities.
He said:“ I had this idea a
few years ago but I couldn’t find a manufacture
who could deliver what I
wanted, so I did it
by (36)______. The result is what amounts to huge
outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the
term
‘automatic shop’ is far (37)______ (appropriate)”
In recent years, the commercial pressure
from supermarket chains (38)______(force )village
shops across
the country to close. In 2010, it
was estimated that about 400 village shops closed,
(39)______ (urge) the local
government to give
financial support to struggling shops or set-up
new communities stores.
Hundreds of
communities have since stepped in and opened up
their won volunteer-run shops, but Mr.
Fox
hopes his new invention will offer a solution
(40)______those villages without a local shop.
Section B
Directions: Complete the
following passage by using the words in the box.
Each word canonly be used once.
Note that
there is one word more than you need.
A.
alert B. classify C. commit D.
delicately E. gentle F. impose
G. labels
H. moderation I. relieve J. signals K.
simply
Let's say you've decided you want
to eat more healthfully. However, you don't have
time tocarefully plan
menus for meals or read
food __41__ at the supermarket. Since you
really__42__ yourself to a healthier lifestyle,
a little help would come in handy, wouldn't
it? This iswhere a architectcan help__43__some of
the
burden of doing it all yourself.
Choicearchitects are people who organize the
contexts in which customers make
decisions.
For example,the person who decides the layout of
your local supermarket-including which shelf the
peanutbutter goes on, and how the oranges are
piled up—is a choice architect.
Governments
don't have to__44__healthier lifestyles through
laws---for example,smoking bans. Rather, if
given an environment created by a choice
architect one thatencourages us to choose what is
best-we will do the
right things. In other
words, there will bedesigns that gently push
customers toward making healthier choices,
without removing freedomof choice. This idea
combines freedom to choose with__45__hints from
choice
architects, whoaim to help people live
longer, healthier, and happier lives.
The
British and Swedish governments have introduced a
so-called
healthy or unhealthy. This means
that customers can see at a glance how muchfat,
sugar, and salt each product
contains__47__by
looking at the lights on the package. Agreen light
__48__that the amounts of the three
nutrients
are healthy; yellow indicates that thecustomer
should be__49__; and red means that the food is
high in
at least one of the threenutrients and
should be eaten in __50__. The customer is given
important health
information, butis still free
to decide what to choose.
III.
Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following
passage there are four words or phrases marked
A,B, C and D. Fill in
each blank with the word
or phrase that best fits the context.
Research has shown that two-thirds of human
conversation is taken up not with discussionof the
cultural or
political problems of the day, not
heated debates about films we've just watched or
books we've just finished
reading, but plain
and simple__51__.
Language is our greatest
treasure as a species, and what do we__52__do with
it? We gossip. About others'
behaviour and
private lives, such as who's doing what with whom,
who's in and who's out-and why; how to deal
with difficult__53__situations
involving children, lovers, and colleagues.
So
why are we keen on gossiping? Are we just
natural__54__, of both time and words? Or do we
talk a lot
about nothing in particular simply
to avoid facing up to the really importantissues
of life? It's not the case
according to
Professor Robin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest
book,Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution
ofLanguage,
the psychologist says gossip is
one of these really__55__issues.
Dunbar __56__
the traditional view that language was developed
by the men at the earlystage of social
development in order to organize their manly
hunting activities more effectively,or even to
promote the
exchange of poetic stories about
their origins and the supernatural. Insteadhe
suggests that language evolved
among women. We
don't spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just
because we can talk, argues
Dunbar—__57__, he
goes on to say, language evolved specifically to
allow us to gossip.
Dunbar arrived at his
cheery theory by studying the__58__of the higher
primates（灵长类动物）like
monkeys. By means of
grooming--cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys
form groups with other individuals on
whom
they can rely for support in the event of some
kind of conflict within the group or__59__from
outside it.
As we human beings evolve from a
particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar
__60__ that at one time
in our history we did
much the same. Grouping together made sense
because the bigger the group, the greater
the
__61__ it provided; on the other hand, the bigger
the group, the greater the stresses of living
close to others.
Grooming helped to__62__the
pressure and calm everybody down.
But as the
groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time
spent in grooming activities also had to
be__63__to maintain its effectiveness.
Clearly, a more __64__ kind of grooming was
needed, and thus language
evolved as a kind of
vocal（有声的）grooming which allowed humans to develop
relationship with ever-larger
groups by
exchanging information over a wider network of
individuals than would be possible by one-to-one
__65__ contact.
51. A. claim
B. description C. gossip D.
language
52. A. occasionally B. habitually
C. independently D. originally
53. A.
social B. political C.
historical D. cultural
54. A. admirers
B. masters C. users D. wasters
55.
A. vital B. sensitive C. ideal
D. difficult
56. A. confirms B. rejects
C. outlines D. broadens
57. A. for
instance B. in addition C. on the
contrary D. as a result
58. A. motivation
B. appearance C. emotion D.
behaviour
59. A. attack B. contact
C. inspection D. assistance
60. A.
recalls B. denies C.
concludes D. confesses
61. A. prospect
B. responsibility C. leadership D.
protection
62. A. measure B. show
C. maintain D. ease
63. A. saved
B. extended C. consumed D.
gained
64. A. common B. efficient
C. scientific D. thoughtful
65. A.
indirect B. daily C. physical
D. secret
Section B
Directions: Read
the following three passages. Each passage is
followed by several questionsor unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four
choices marked A, B, C and the one that fits best
according
to the information given in the
passage you have just read.
(A)
Most
people agree that honesty is a good thing. But
does Mother Natureagree?
Animals can't talk,
but can they lie in other ways? Can they lie
withtheir bodies and
behavior?
Animal experts may not call it lying, but theydo
agree that many animals, from birds to
chimpanzees,
behave dishonestly to fool other
animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps themsurvive.
Many kinds of birds are very successful at
fooling other animals. For example, a bird called
the plover
sometimes pretends to be hurt in
order to protect its young. When a
predator（猎食动物）gets close to its nest,
the
plover leads the predator away from the nest. How?
It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator
follows
the
Another kind of bird, the
scrub jay, buries its food so it always has
something to eat. Scrubjays are also
thieves.
They watch where others bury their food and steal
it. But clever scrub jaysseem to know when a thief
is
watching them. So they go back later,
unbury the food, and bury itagain somewhere else.
Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have
babies without doing much work. How?They don't
make
nests. Instead, they get into other
birds' nests secretly. Then they lay their eggsand
fly away. When the baby birds
come out, their
adoptive parents feed them.
Chimpanzees, or
chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the
losing chimp will give itshand to the other.
When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too,
the chimps are friendly an animal expert once saw
a
losing chimp take the winner's hand and
start fighting again.
Chimps are sneaky in
other ways, too. When chimps find food that they
love, such asbananas, it is natural
for them
to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But
some cleverchimps learn to cry very softly when
they
find food. That way, other chimps don't
hear them, andthey don't need to share their
food.
As children, many of us learn the saying
can't fool Mother maybe youcan't trust her,
either.
66. A plover protects its
young from a predator by______.
A. getting
closer to its young B. driving away
the adult predator
C. leaving its young in
another nest D. pretending to be injured
67. By Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be
sneaky
A. chimps are ready to attack others
B. chimps are sometimes dishonest
C. chimps
are jealous of the winners D. chimps can be
selfish too
68. Which of the following is true
according to the passage?
A. Some chimps lower
their cry to keep food away from others.
B.
The losing chimp won the fight by taking the
winner's hand.
C. Cuckoos fool their adoptive
parents by making no nests.
D. Some clever
scrub jays often steal their food back.
69.
Which of the following might be the best title of
the passage?
A. Do animals lie?
B. Does Mother Nature fool animals?
C. How do
animals learn to lie? D. How does
honesty help animals survive?
(B)
Let's say you want to hit
thegym
more regularly this do
you make
thathappen? Consider
putting thehabit loop to
use.
Here's how it works:
A habit is a
3-step ,
there's a cue, somethingthat tells
your brain to operateautomatically.
Then
there's aroutine. And finally, a
reward,which
helps your brain
learn todesire the behavior.
It's
whatyou can use to
create-orbreak-
habits of your own.
Here's how to apply
it:
Choose a cue, like leaving
yourrunning
shoes by the door,
thenpick. a reward-say, a
piece
ofchocolate when you get
homefrom
the gym. That way, the
cueand the reward
becomeinterconnected. Finally,
whenyou see
the shoes, your
brainwill start longing for
thereward, which will make iteasier
to
work out day after best
part? In a couple
ofweeks, you
won't need thechocolate at all.
Your brain willcome to see the
workout
itselfas the reward. Which
is thewhole point,
right?
70. Which of the following best
fits
in the box with a “?” in THE HABIT LOOP?
A. Pick a new cue. B.
Form a new habit.
C. Choose a new reward.
D. Design a new resolution.
71. According
to THE HABIT LOOP, you can stick to your plan most
effectively by______.
A. changing the routine
B. trying it for a week
C. adjusting your goal
D. writing it down
72. What's the purpose of
putting the habit loop to use?
A. To test out
different kinds of cues.
B. To do something as
a habit even without rewards.
C. To work out
the best New Year's resolution.
D. To motivate
yourself with satisfactory rewards.
73. “This
year when I see the Harry Potter poster, I will
read 30 pages of an English novel or an
newspaper in order to watch TV for half an
hour.
A. TheHarry Potter poster.
B. Reading
30 pages of an English novel.
English
C. An English newspaper.
D.
Watching TV for half an hour.
(C)
If you could be anybody in the world, who would it
be? Your neighbour or a super star? Afew people
have
experienced what it might be like to step
into the skin of another person, thanks to an
unusual virtual reality（虚
拟现实）device. Rikke
Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the
participants in a body swapping
experiment at
the Be Another lab, a project developedby a group
of artists based in Barcelona. She swapped
with her partner, an actor, using a
machinecalled The Machine to Be Another and
temporarily became a man.
I looked down, I saw
mywhole body as a man, dressed in my partner's
pants,she said. the picture I
rememberbest.
The set-up is relatively
simple. Both users wear a virtual reality headset
with a camera onthe top. The video
from each
camera is sent to the other person, so what you
see is the exact viewof your partner. If she moves
her
arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she
sees it.
To get used to seeing another
person's body without actually having control of
it,participants start by raising
their arms
and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow
along. Eventually, this kind of slow
synchronised（同
步的）movement becomes comfortable,
and participants really start to feel as though
they are living in another
person's body.
Using such technology promises to alter
people's behaviour afterwards-potentially for the
better. Studies have
shown that virtual
reality can be effective in fighting racism-the
bias（偏见）that humans have against those who
don't look or sound like them. Researchers at
the Universityof Barcelona gave people a
questionnaire called the
Implicit Association
Test, which measuresthe strength of people's
associations between, for instance, black
people and adjectives such asgood, bad,
athletic or awkward. Then they asked them to
control the body of a
dark skinneddigital
character using virtual reality glasses, before
taking the test again. This time, theparticipants'
bias scores were lower. The idea is that once
you've
of them, because your brain has
internalised the feeling ofbeing that person.
The creators of The Machine to Be Another hope
to achieve a similar result.
people feel like
holding each other in their arms,
really nice
way to have this kind of experience. I
wouldreally, really recommend it to everyone.
74. The word swapping
A. building B.
exchanging C. controlling D.
transplanting
75. We can infer from the
experiment at the Be Another lab that______.
A. our feelings are related to our bodily
experience
B. we can learn to take control of
other people's bodies
C. participants will
live more passionately after the experiment
D.
The Machine to Be Another can help people change
their sexes
76. In the Implicit Association
Test, before the participants used virtual reality
glasses to control adark skinned
digital
character, ______.
A. they fought strongly
against racism
B. they scored lower on the
test for racism
C. they changed their
behaviour dramatically
D. they were more
biased against those unlike them
77. It can be
concluded from the passage that______.
A.
technology helps people realize their dreams
B. our biases could be eliminated through
experiments
C. virtual reality helps promote
understanding among people
D. our points of
view about others need changing constantly
Section C
Directions: Read the
passage carefully. Then answer the questions or
complete thestatements in the fewest
possible
words.
More and more corporations are
taking an interest in corporate social
responsibility (CSR).CSR is made up of
three
broad layers. The most basic is traditional
corporate charity ies typically spend about 1% of
pre-tax profits on worthy projects. But many
feel thatsimply writing cheques to charities is no
longer enough. In
some companies, shareholders
wantto know that their money is being put to good
use, and employees want to
be actively
involved ingood works.
Money alone is not
the answer when companies come under attack for
their behavior. Hencethe second
layer of CSR,
which is a branch of risk management. Starting in
the 1980s, withenvironmental disasters such as
the explosion at Bhopal and the Exxon Valdez
oil spill, industryafter industry has suffered
blows to its reputation.
So, companies
often responded by trying to manage the risks.
They talk to non-governmental organisations
(NGOs) and to governments, create codes of
conduct（行为准则) and devote themselves to more
transparency
（透明）in their operations.
Increasingly, too. they, along with their
competitors, set common rules to spread
risks.
All this is largely defensive, but there
are also opportunities for those that get ahead of
thegame. The
emphasis on opportunity is the
third layer of CSR: the idea that it can help to
createvalue. If approached in a
strategic way,
CSR could become part of a company's
competitiveadvantage. That is just the sort of
thing chief
executives like to hear. The idea
of
Nevertheless, the business of trying to
be good is bringing difficult questions to you
measure
CSR performance? Should you be
cooperating with NGOs and you’re yourcompetitors?
Is there any really
competitive advantage to
be had from a green strategy?
Corporate social
responsibility is now seen as a mainstream. Big
companies want to tell theworld about
their
good citizenship with their devotion to social
responsibilities. Done badly, CSRis often just
window-dressing
and can be positively harmful.
Done well, though, it is not some separate
activity that companies do on the side,
a
corner of corporate life reserved for
virtue（美德）：it is just good business.
(Note:
Answer the questions or complete the statements in
NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)
78. Both _________ in
some companies find it no longer enough to simply
donate money tocharities.
79. Give one example
of the defensive measures of risk management
according to the passage.
80. With the
emphasis on opportunity, the third layer of CSR is
meant to_________.
81. According to the
passage, good business
profits.
第II卷（共47分）
I. Translation
Directions:
Translate the following sentences into English,
using the words given in the brackets.
1.
我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。(accustomed)
2.
将来过怎样的生活取决于你自己。(be up to)
3.
没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。(than)
4.
家长嘱咐孩子别在河边嬉戏，以免遭遇不测。(for fear)
5.
虽然现代社会物资丰富，给予消费者更多的选择，但也使不少人变成购物狂。(turn)
II. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an
English composition in 120-150 words according to
the instructions givenbelow in Chinese.
学
校英语报正在酝酿改版，拟从现有的三个栏目（健康、娱乐、文化）中去除一个，并从三个备选栏目（时
尚、职业规划、读者反馈）中挑选一个纳入该报。假设你是该校学生程飞，给校报编辑写一封电子邮件，
表达你的观点。邮件须包括以下内容：
1. 你建议去除的栏目及去除的理由；
2.
你建议增加的栏目及增加的理由。
上海英语参考答案
第I卷
第一大题第1至第10小题，每题1分；第11至第16小题，每题2分：第17至第
24小题，每题1分。
共30分。（见下面原文）
1.A 2.D
3.B 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.A 8.C 9.C
10.B
11.C 12.D 13.B 14.C 15.A 16.B
17. conference 18. daylight 19.
moving 20. overcrowded
21. implications and
conclusions 22. reasoning 23. Figures24. keep
questioning
第二大题每小题1分。共26分。
25.
where 26. To earn 27. as soon as as long
as 28. exhausted 29. if
30. what 31.
adapting 32. did 33. an 34. is
equipped 35. which
36. myself 37. more
appropriate 38. has forced 39. urging
40. To
【解析】：
Passage A
25.
本题考查非限定性定语从句。由于先行词为New
York，故填关系副词where引导定语从句，同时在从
句中做状语。
26.
本题考查不定式在句中做目的状语。根据后面内容some money to pay the daily
expenses（一些钱来支
付日常费用）可知，是为了赚钱，故填To earn。
27. 本题考查状语从句的连词。根据设空以及后面内容I was offered a good
position, I would resign at once
（我被提供一个好职位，我就马
上辞职）的逻辑关系可知，这里填“一„„就„„”或“只要„„”。故
此处填as soon as
或 as long as。
28. 本题考查过去分词表示“人的心理感受”。句意为：经过一段时
间，高额的生活费用成了我本来就已经
疲惫的肩膀上的负担。故填exhausted。
29. 本题考查条件状从句的连词。根据句意„I want to have a better
career advancement, I had to find work in
the
city“„„我想要一个更好的职业发展，我就不得不在城市里找工作”可知，前句表示条件，故填if。
30. 本题考查名词性从句的连词。根据句式结构可知，本句是一个主语从句做主语，而连词又在从句
中做
动词had told的宾语，故填连接代词what。
31. 本题考查短语have
difficulty in doing sth的搭配，故本空填adapting。
32.
本题考查考查倒装句。由于从句Not until I
returned位于句首，且有否定词，因此句子用部分倒装结构，
再根据句子的时态---
一般过去时，故填did。
Passage B
33. 本题考查冠词用法。由于engi
neer是可数名词，而electrical前面为元音读音，故该空填不定冠词an。
34.
本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据„and looks like a mini
shop可知：首先本句用的是一般现在时；其
次本句是并列谓语结构；又由于The
machine和equip是动宾关系，故该空填该动词的一般现在时的被动
语态is
equipped。
35. 本题考查非限定性定语从句。根据句式结构可看出，这是一个非限定性定
语从句，而空中所缺的成分
既代替先行词his
invention，又在从句中做主语，故用关系代词which。
36.
本题考查反身代词。根据前句I couldn’t find a manufacture who
could deliver what I
wanted可以推断“所
以我自己做”。故填myself。
37.
本题考查形容词比较级。该自动售货机英语为huge outdoor vending
machine，但是作者认为用术语the
term
“automatic shop”相比之下应是“较合适”，即用比较级形式。由于appropriate为
多音节形容词，
故前面加more。
38. 本题考查考查动词时态。根据时间状语In
recent years可知，该句用现在完成时。故正确答案为has forced。
39.
本题考查现在分词做结果状语。根据前句„about 400 village shops closed句
意“„„大约400家村店关
闭”可以看出结果是“促使当地政府给挣扎的村店提供经济支持„„”，故
用现在分词urging。
40. 本题考查介词用法。根据短语offer sth to sb
sth可知，该空填to。
Section B
41. G 42. C
43.1 44. F 45. E 46. B 47. K 48. J
49. A 50. H
【解析】
41. G
本题考查名词搭配。由于在超市里，所以是阅读食物标签（labels）。故选G。
42. C
本题考查动词短语搭配。根据所给词汇以及„yourself to a healthier
lifestyle，只有commit yourself to
（承诺„„）符合句意。故选C。
43. L 本题考查动词用法。根据后面内容some of the burden of
doing it all yourself以及前面动词help可知此
空应填relieve（减
轻），构成“„„能够有助于减轻独自做这事的一些负担”。故选L。
44. F 本题考查动词用法
。根据句子逻辑，此句意思为“政府不必通过法律来强加（impose）更健康的生
活方式，如戒烟”
。故选F。
45. E 本题考查形容词用法。根据设空，本空填形容词，而alert（警觉的）不
符合句意，只有gentle（文
雅的）符合句意。故选E。
46. B 本题考查动词短语
用法。本句句意为“英国和瑞典政府引进了所谓的交通灯系统来吧食物分类为健
康的或不健康的”，短语
classify „as„表示“把„„分类为„„”，故选B。
47. K
本题考查副词用法。根据„customers can see at a glance how much
fat, sugar, and salt each product
contains__47__by looking at the lights on the
package（顾客们只要看包装上的指示灯一眼就能看出每一个产
品含有多少脂肪、糖和盐）可知，
此空填simply。故选K。
48. J 本题考查动词用法。由于空后所接的是宾语从句，所以该
空填及物动词，结合后面indicates的意思
可知，该空填signals（表示）。故选J。
49. A 本题考查形容词用法。根据前面“绿灯表示三种营养的量是健康的”可知“黄灯表示三种营
养的量
可能有问题”，因此消费者应当留心（alert）。故选A。
50. H
本题考查名词词义。根据句子red means that the food is high in at
least one of the three
nutrients（红
灯意味着至少三个营养中的一个是高的）可知，这样的食物应当有节制地（in
moderation）吃。故选H。
第三大题第51至65小题，每题1分；
第“至”小题，每题2分；第78至81小题，每题2分。共47分。
Section A
51. C 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. A 56. B
57. C 58. D 59. A 60. C
61. D 62. D
63. B 64. B 65. C
【解析】
[语篇导读]
本文介绍了闲聊在日常对话中的重要分量以及形成这种情况的原因。
51. C根据下文We
gossip„„可知，人们大多数时候都在谈八卦。
52.
B本题考查副词词义。occasionally意为“偶尔地”； habitually意为“惯常地”；
independently意为“独
立地”；originally意为“起初”。原句为“我们通常
用语言来干什么”故选B。
53. A根据下文“children, lovers, and
colleagues”可知，本句是要表达应该怎样应对不同的社会情境，故选
A。
54.
D由下文的“we talk a lot about nothing in
particular”可知，我们经常说一些无用的话，滥用语言，waster
更符合句意，故选D。
55. A由上文“It's not the
case„„”可知，Professor Robin
Dunbar认为gossip是很重要的事，故选A。
56.
B由下文中“instead„„”可知，Professor Robin
Dunbar不认同传统的观点，reject表示“排斥，拒绝”，
故选B。
57. C由argue可知，Dunbar的观点与传统观点相反，for
instance 表示“例如”； in addition 表示“此外”；
on the
contrary表示“相反地”；as a result表示“因此”故选C。
58.
D结合下文可知，研究的是灵长类动物的行为，故选D。
59.
A根据句意可知，猴子们形成团体是为了在内部发生争端和外部攻击时寻求支持，故选A。
60. C
本题考查动词词义。recall表示“回想”；deny表示“否定”；conclude表示“总结”；co
nfess表示“承
认”根据句意，选C。
61. D由上文59空“monkeys
form
groups„„”可知，人们组成团体是为了寻求保护，团体越大，保护力
度也越大。故选D。
62. D结合上下文，此空应填表示“减轻，延缓”的词，故选D。
63.
B根据上下文，此空应填表示“增加，延长”的词，故选B。
64. B由上文maintain
its effectiveness可知，应填effective（有效的），故选B。
65.
C结合全文，本文强调了语言作用，强调在语言在人类发展过程中比身体接触更有效，故选C。
Section B
Passage A
66. D 67. B
68. A 69. A
[语篇导读] 诚实是件好事，而有时说谎对于生存也很重要。本文
介绍了一些鸟和动物的欺诈行为，并且联
系到对母性的怀疑。
66.
D根据文章第二段倒数第二句“It pretends to have a broken
wing”可知，应选D。
67. B结合倒数第三段以及全文可知，Chimpanzees,
or chimps也是不诚实的动物，故选B。
68. A根据文章倒数第二段三、四句“But
some clever chimps„.. to share their food.”可知A正确。
69. A本文认为说谎可以帮助动物生存，并举出几个例子来证明这个观点，故选A。
Passage B
70. C71.D 72.B 73.A
[语篇导读]
本文讲述了如何考虑一个人的习惯周期来设计一个能够持续的新年决定，从而达到预期的效果。
70.
C根据逻辑关系如果对问题“Do you actually enjoy the
reward?”的答案是否定（No），下一步应为找到
另一个奖励。故选C。
71.
D根据图表中“Studies show that „„write it down”可知，应选D。
72. B结合全文可知，THE HABIT LOOP只是帮助人们达成目标的工具，人们最终的目
标是在没有奖励的情况
下培养习惯或坚持目标，故选B。
73. A句子“This
year„„an hour.”意思是今年我看到《哈利波特》的海报时，我决定读30页的英语小说
或报纸才能看半个小时的电视。所以应选A。
Passage C
74.B
75.A 76.D 77.C
[语篇导读]
如果你能成为世界上的任何人，可能是谁呢？本文介绍了了身体交换以及它带来的体验。
74.
B根据上文中step into the skin of another
person，以及机器的名字The Machine to Be Another
可知，swap
表示“交换，故选B。
75. A由文章第三段第一句“To get
used to„„having control of
it”可知，B错误，C原文中没有提到，排除，
由第三段中最后一句“participants
really start„„person's body”可知，D错误，故选A。
76.
D根据文章倒数第二段中最后一句you're less likely to think ill of
them（测试后人们对不同人的偏见降低）
可知，测试前他们对那些与他们不同的人有偏见，故选D。
77. C根据文章倒数第二段最后一句because your brain has
internalised the feeling of being that
person可知，
应选C。
Section C
78.
shareholders and employees
79. Companies talk
to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to
governments. Companiescreate codes of
conduct. Companies devote themselves to more
transparency in theiroperations. Companies set
common
rules with their
competitors to spread risks.
80. create value
81. take social responsibilities
【解析】
78. 根据文章第一段最后两句可知，这里的很多人指的是“公司的股东及雇员们”，故此空填sha
reholders
and employees
79.
根据文章第三段可得知“风险管理的任意一条防御措施”，所以答案为Companies talk to
non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to
governments.或Companies create codes of conduct.
或
Companies devote themselves to more
transparency in their operations.或Companies set
common rules with
their competitors to spread
risks.
80.
根据文章第四段第二句话“„„它能够有助于创造价值。”可知，该空填create value。
81. 根据文章第六段第一句及第二句话（法人的社会责任现在已被看作是一个社会主流事件。由于对
社会
责任的奉献大的公司项告诉世人它们良好的公民资格。）可知，该空填take social
responsibilities。
第II卷
I．翻译共22分。
1.
I'm accustomed to listening to some light music
before sleep.
2. It's up to you what kind of
life you will lead in the future.
3. There is
nothing more exciting than being allowed to take
part in the space travel program.
4. Parents
ask their kids not to play by the river for fear
that something terrible might happen.
modern
society, rich in material resources, has given
consumers more choices, it alsoturns many of them
into crazy shoppers.
【解析】：
1【解析】：习惯 be
accustomed to doing轻音乐 light music
2【解析】：取决于你自己 be up to you过怎样的生活 what kind of
life you will lead
3【解析】：没有什么比…更令人兴奋的了 there
is nothing more exciting than…获准 be allowed
太空旅行项目space travel program
4.【解析】：以免 for
fear that 条件状语从句的连词
遭遇不测 something terrible
might happen
5.【解析】：物资丰富 rich in material
resources给予消费者更多的选择 give consumers more choices
变成 turn … into…
II．写作共25分。
【参考范文】
Dear
Editor,
When it comes to the selection of
the columns for the school English newspaper,
opinions vary from one to
another. As far as I
am concerned, the columns preserved will
definitely make a feature of students' interest
and
exert positive effects on their study and
life.
Comparatively speaking, I maintain
that the value of the columns concerning health
and culture far
outweighs that of the
entertainment. The immediate factor is nothing is
more valuable than keeping healthy in that
loss of health signifies kissing goodbye to
life. That's why more knowledge of how to keep
fit, more effectively
one can improve his
quality of life. The second point to be mentioned
is that progress in the acquisition of cultures
contributes to broadening one's horizons,
which in turn facilitates one's study and the
establishment of philosophy
of life.
As for the addition, the career
planning constitutes a top priority. For one
thing, it concerns one's career
development a
great deal while for another, it makes a great
difference to one's career success in the future.
I am pretty convinced that a wise choice
makes perfect. I am writing the e-mail in the hope
that my advice
will add a brilliant touch to
the improved version of our school English
newspaper.
Yours sincerely,
Cheng Fei
解析：
考查能力：应用文写作的的邮件写作
思路方法：首先根据所给主题和所给提示要点进行思路整理，列出提纲，根据提示要点文
章主
要分为四个部分，第一部分为来信的目的，第二部分写建议去除栏目的理由，第三部分写建议增加栏
目的
理由，最后一部分结束语；然后根据每部分的内容要点提示，有逻辑的进行叙述表达，可以用不同的
方式
来表达，表达过程中需要注意用适当的连接词体现出句子的逻辑；文章应紧扣主题，适当发挥，努力
绕开
自己不会表达的语句，用比较有把握的句子来表达，避免过多语法错误。最后，写完后进行检查，对
比较
严重的错误进行修改（如果不是非常必要的话，不建议修改，以保持卷面的整洁），修改时尽量保持
卷面
整洁。
听力音频文本：(校对版)
I. Listening
Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten
short conversations between two speakers. At the
end of each
conversation, a question will be
asked about what was said. The conversations and
the questions will be spoken
only once. After
you hear a conversation and the question about it,
read the four possible answers on your paper,
and decide which 'one is the best answer to
the question you have heard.
1. W: What can I
do for you, sir?
M: I want to report a
theft, my briefcase was stolen.
Q: Who is
most probably the woman?
2. W: You will take
care, won’t you? The roads are very very icy.
M: I will drive very slowly, I promise.
Q:
How does the woman feel?
3. M: Morning, I have
a reservation, the name is Blake Smith.
W:
OK, we’ve got a nice car ready. I’ll need to see
your driver’s license and your credit card.
Q:
Where does the conversation most probably take
place?
4. W: CCTV is reporting an enormous
flood now, look at those people on the roof!
M: I hope that doesn’t cause much damage.
Q: What are the two speakers talking about?
5. W: Would you help me clean the backyard
today?
M: Sure, I’m picking Jena from the
railway station at three, but I will help you as
soon as I get back.
Q: What will the man do
first?
6. W: The vase is amazing, but it’s a
bit more than I want to spend.
M: Maybe you
can get a better price, it can’t hurt to ask.
Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?
7. W: My computer is broken down, could I use
yours to write a chemistry paper?
M: Sorry,
I’m in the middle of revising my report. You know
the computer lab is still open.
Q: What does
the man imply the woman should do?
8. W: I’ve
declined their offer to exhibit some of my
paintings in this gallery.
M: Are you kidding?
Any art student I know would die to have an
exhibition here.
Q: How does the
man feel on hearing the woman’s decision?
9.
M: You are not planning to transfer to a different
university next year, are you?
W: If I were,
you’d be the first to know.
Q: What does the
woman imply?
10. W: Did you read the editorial
in the newspaper about the mayor’s speech?
M:
Sure I did, but I think they twisted the meaning
of what he said.
Q: What does the man say of
the editorial?
Section B
Directions:
In Section B, you will hear two short passages,
and you will be asked three questions on each of
the
passages. The passages will be read twice,
but the questions will be spoken only once. When
you hear a question,
read the four possible
answers on your paper and decide which one would
be the best answer to the question
you have
heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on
the following passage.
About 70 miles
northeast of Vancouver, it’s one of Canada’s most
beautiful tourist regions. Visitors come to
enjoy fishing, skiing or the splendid mountain
scenery. Over 20 years ago, Cursty Bone, a
successful business
woman came here and
founded Paradise Reach--- a cabin park, she said,”
I want to live somewhere where
everybody knows
everybody else. And all your problems are shared.
Paradise Reach is now home to 25 families.
Each family owns their own small cabin, but
they share ownership of the park and the common
facilities. This is
a real living community,
and residents aren’t allowed to use their cabins
as a holiday home. The heart of the
Paradise
Reach Community is a large house. Shared meals
take place three times a week. And once a month,
there is a meeting, where important decisions
are made. Families can sell their homes if they
want to leave. But
the whole community must
vote on new families before they are allowed to
join. “Keeping the community
together is hard
work”, says Cursty, “Everybody has to take
responsibility for the day-to-day running of the
community, but it seems that there is no
shortage of families who want to join. There are
75 on the waiting list.”
Questions:
11.
How many families are living in Paradise Reach
now?
12. What is special about Paradise Reach?
13. What is the passage mainly about?
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the
following news.
It’s 3 P.M. Time for news
from world medicine.
Does sitting make you
sad? Australian researchers found that middle aged
women who sat for over 7 hours
a day or 47%
more likely to show signs of depression than those
who sat for 4 hours or fewer. Those who were
engaged in no physical activity were 26% more
likely to have symptoms of depression 3 years
later than those
who exercised regularly.
Sitting for long periods has also been linked to
heart disease.
How can you detect a liar
through text message? Watch for a delayed
response. When college students
were asked to
tell a lie during an interview with a computer,
they took 10% longer on average to send the
message, and they did more editing than usual.
Can marriage beat cancer? Married people were
20% less likely to die from the disease than those
who
were unmarried, according to a Harvard
study of more than 730,000 people. They were also
more likely to get
the disease detected at an
earlier stage and receive proper treatment. A
husband or a wife can urge you to see
medical
help and support you during tough medical therapy,
radiation and other treatments.
Questions:
14. Who were mostly likely to suffer from
depression according to Australian researchers?
15. How did students behave when they told a
lie during an interview with a computer?
16.
What is the third piece of news mainly about?
Section C
Directions: In
section C, you will hear two longer conversations.
The conversations will be read twice. After you
hear each conversation, you are required to
fill in the numbered blanks with the information
you have heard.
Write your answers on your
answer sheet.
Blanks 17 through 20 are
based on the following conversation.
W: Excuse
me, I’m Linda Lee from the Airport Research
Division. May I ask you a few questions about the
environment and facilities here?
M: OK.
W：Are you on a business trip?
M: Yes, I’m
heading off for a conference in London.
W:
What do you like most about the airport
environment?
M: Well, I really appreciate the
daylight?
W: Daylight?
M: Yes, the windows
here make it seem as if you are outside. Another
thing I like is the moving walkways. You
don’t
have to walk for miles to the boarding gate.
W: I see, anything you don’t like?
M:
En.., the shops are often overcrowded, there is
not enough space to move around comfortably. And
also I
suppose the trolleys are too small.
W: Well, thanks for your time.
Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each
answer.
Blanks 21through 24 are based on
the following conversation.
W: Professor King,
what exactly is critical thinking?
M: Well,
when you read critically, you should assess the
writer’s ideas and think about the implications
and
conclusions of what the writer is saying.
W: Can you give me an example?
M: When you
read an academic text, first, you should identify
the argument, and work out the writer’s main line
of reasoning.
W: Ok, what then?
M:
Try to analyze and criticize the argument.
W:
I see, that’s why you often ask whether the
argument is presented in a logical way.
M:
Right, then assess the evidence the writer gives
you. That maybe in the form of figures, survey
results,
examples, etc.
W: How about the
writer’s conclusions?
M: Ask yourself if they
are supported by the evidence.
W: Got it.
Thanks, Professor King.
M: Remember, the key
to critical thinking is to read actively and keep
asking yourself questions rather than just
accepting.
Complete the form. Write
NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.