小学生雷人作文-半年总结范文

crew 船员
captain(master) 船长
chief officer chief mate(first mate) 大副
second officer second mate 二副
third officer third mate 三副
cadet 见习生
boatswain bosun 水手长
seaman 普通水手，海员
engineer 轮机员，工程师
chief engineer 轮机长(俗称大车，老轨)
second engineer 大管轮(俗称二车，二轨)
third engineer 二管轮(俗称三车，三轨)
fourth engineer 三管轮(俗称四车，四轨)
surveyor验船师
shipowner船东
representative代表
electrician 电工
fitter 铁工、钳工
plumber铜工
welder焊工
carpenter 木匠、木工
safe inspect安全员
pilot引水员
foreman领班
dockmaster坞长
supervisor主管
superintendent总管
engineering department工程部
hull workshop船体车间
machinery & electric workshop机电车间
dock workshop坞修车间
bulk—carrier 散货船
diesel boat 柴油机船
freighter 货船
oil barge 油驳
passenger ship 客船
combination ship 混合装运船
semi- container ship 半集装箱船
multi-purpose ship 多种用途船
container ship 集装箱船；货箱船
tug 拖轮(拖船)
LNG carrier(liquefied natural gas carrier) 液化天然气船
VLCC(very large crude carrier) 大型油船
ULCC(ultra large crude carrier) 超大型油船

dockyard 船厂
shipvessel船舶
voyage repair航修
annual repair年修、岁修
wharfberth码头
anchorage锚地
floating dock 浮船坞
repair list 修理单
additional item 加帐
hull船体
stem船首
bow 船头
stern船尾
port side(beam)左舷
starboard side(beam)右舷
cabin 船舱
deck甲板
rudder舵
propeller螺旋桨
tailshaft尾轴
anchor chain锚链
pulley 滑轮
pump 泵
hold货舱
life boat救生艇
life jacket 救生衣
radar雷达
main engine主机
auxiliary enginegenerator engine 辅机
block 滑轮；葫芦
boiler 锅炉
baggage room 行李房
crane 起重机；吊车
main deck 主甲板
diesel engine 柴油机；内燃机
engine room 机舱；引擎间
escape trunkescape route 逃出口；救生道
corridor , passage 走廊
galley (船上)厨房
double bottom双层底
lavatory , toilet, water closet(wc) 盥洗室 厕所
mess(mess room) 餐厅
turbine 透平机；涡轮机
out of order 不正常

in duplicate(two copies) 一式两份
in triplicate(three copies) 一式三份
in the presence of sb． 某人在场的情况下
in position 就位
in sites 原地
*****船级社*****
ABS 美国船级社
BV 法国船级社
CCS 中国船级社
DNV 挪威船级社
GL 德国船级社
IACS 国际船级社协会
HR 希腊船级社
KR 韩国船级社
LR 英国劳氏船级社
NK 日本海事协会
PRS 波兰船级社
RI 意大利船级社
RS 俄罗斯船舶登记局
IRS 印度船级社
IMO 国际海事组织
**** 专业单词 ****
air grinders 气动砂轮机
air drill 气动钻
appers 攻螺纹机
air millers 气动刨铣机
air wrenches 气动扳手
air hoists 气动葫芦
boat deck 救生艇甲板
break 甲板台阶
brake 刹车装置
brake lining 刹车带
bunker 燃料舱
bedplate 机座
capstan 绞盘
centrifuge 离心分油机
crank 曲柄
crank shaft 曲轴
crank pin 曲柄销
crank web 曲柄臂
connecting rod 连杆
cylinder 气缸
cylinder liner 气缸套
cylinder jacket 气缸体

cylinder bore 气缸直径
crosshead 十字头
crosshead pin 十字头销
davit 挂艇架；吊艇杆
derrick 吊杆
exhaust valve 排气阀
faulty 故障
files，saws 锉、锯
forecastle 艏楼甲板
fuel tank 燃油舱
frame 机架
gauge 仪表，量规
governor 调速器
hawse hole 锚链孔
hawse pipe 锚链筒
hydraulic hand pumps 手动油压泵
hydraulic jacks 油压千斤顶
hydraulic press frame 液压顶支架
inspection 检查
inlet valve 进气阀
injection pump 喷油泵
jumbo(derrick) 重吊(杆)
lubrication 润滑油
lubricator 注油器
lower deck 下甲板
lower tween deck 下二层柜
mainmast 主桅
nozzle 喷油嘴
piston 活塞
piston rod 活塞杆
piston ring 活塞环
piston sroke 活塞行程
poop deck 船尾上面的甲板
promenade deck 保护甲板之上甲板
shelter deck 遮蔽甲板
tackle 滑车；吊具
tonaage deck 量吨甲板
tween screw 双推进器
tarpaulin 盖舱油布
telescope pipe 伸缩套管
turbine 透平机；涡轮机
turbine tube 透平管
scupper 甲板落水管、排水管
scanner 雷达扫描设备

sextant 六分仪
shaft tunnel 轴隧
shackle 卸扣
shifting board 防动板；隔舱板
signaling lamp 信号灯
single screw 单推进器
sling 吊索
steering gear 舵机
spanner 扳手
upper deck 上甲板
valve 阀门
ventilator 通风筒；风筒
winch 绞车
winch house 绞车楼
windlass 起锚机
****Troubles(表示故障的词语)****
beyond repair 已无法修复
over-sized 尺寸过大
slow function 反应缓慢
out of order 不正常
not up to standard 不合标准
inaccurate 不准确
ineffective 失效
out of function 失去作用
seized 粘着
stuck fast by icing 冰冻结住
over heated 过热
excessive wear 过度磨损
excessively worn out (worn away ) 过度磨掉
a little bit inclined 有一点倾斜
abnormal 不正常
destroyed by overheating 因过热而毁坏
chapped 龟裂
collapse 塌陷
out of operation 运转失灵
oval 呈椭圆形
scored 拉痕
scuffed about 6 mm×7mm in area 拉毛面积约6mm×7 mm
deformed 变形
deformed over a length of 3 mm 变形超过3 mm
loose 松动
greasy 油污
dirty 肮脏
stuck 卡住

squeezed 挤压
bent 弯曲
frosted 结霜
damaged 损坏
broken into pieces 破裂成片
partly detached 部分剥离
partly blocked 部分阻塞
violent vibration 剧烈振动
low efficiency 效率不高
twisted 挠曲
burnt 烧坏
choked 堵塞
fractured 断裂
earthed 接地
knocking 敲缸
leaking(leaky) 漏泄
melted away 溶化
reduced about 12 mm 缩减约12 mm
jammed up in the cylinder 在气缸内卡住
****Dismantling(表示拆卸的相关词语)****
to be taken out from ring groove 从环槽中取出
to be opened up for inspection 打开检查
to be softened (shrunk)with dry ice 用干冰拧松(红套)
to be untightened by heating 用加热松开
to be lifted out 吊出
to be turned out 转出
to be dismantled 拆除
to be withdrawn 退出、抽出
to be loosened 拧松
to be unscrewed 拧开
to be drawn out 拔出
to be pulled out for inspection 拔出检查
to be dismounted 卸下
to be pulled off 拉去
to be taken off 拆下
to be turned(rolled) out 转出
to be extracted by drilling 钻孔拔出
to be removed 移开
to be disconnected 脱开
to be disengaged 解脱
to be disassembled 解体
to be overhauled 解体检修
to be ranged out 解开排好
to be turned over 翻转

****Assembling(表示安装的相关词语)****
to be tightened up to the proper tension 上紧至一定的紧度
to be covered with asbestos wrapping 包以石棉
to be reassembled with new packings 用新的填料重新安装
to be refitted with new packings 用新的填料重新装复
to be retightened by hydraulic pressure 用液压重新上紧
to be reinforced by adding a support 加装支柱以加强
to be pressed into 压入
all removals to be refitted as original 所有拆下部件按原样安装
to be re-expanded 重新扩管
to be refastened 重新搞紧
to be reassembled 重新组装
to be rethreaded 重车螺纹
to be restored 重新堆装
to be fitted back according to instruction 按说明书装复
to be preserved with cement wash 涂水泥浆保护
to be connected 接好
to be dressed up 装饰
to be inserted with good contact 嵌入至良好接触
to be installed in position 装至原位
to be installed and proved workable 装好并能使用
to be mounted 装上
to be fixed up 装好
to be boxed up in good working order 组装至良好工况
to be repacked after fitting back 装复后重新填料
to be fastened 搞紧
to be easy going 需易于拆装
to be closed up in good order 需封闭完好
to be closed up in the presence of CE 需轮机长在场时封闭
to be sealed in the presence of C／E and surveyor 需轮机长和验船师在场时封闭
****Inspecting(表示检查的相关词语)****
to be opened up for inspection 打开检查
to be checked completely 彻底检查
to be examined 检查
to be detected for leakage 查漏
to be checked according to the instruction book 按说明书核查
to be re-checked 重新核查
to be re-inspected 重新检查
to be checked for alignment 检查对中
to be checked after assemblage 装配后检查
****Testing(试验相关用语)****
to be tested in running condition 在运转情况下试车
to be tested under pressure of 6 atmospheres 在六个大气压下进行试验
to be tested by means of blue oil 做蓝油试验

to be tested hydraulically(to be hydraulic-tested) 做液压试验
to be pressure-tested 做压力试验
to do magnetic powder testing 做磁粉探伤
run-in test to be applied(carried out) 做磨合试验
dye test to be applied 做着色探伤
color test to be carried out 做着色试验
load trial to be carried out 试航
to be dynamically balanced (to be subjected to dynamic balance test ) 做动平衡试验
to be statically balanced (to be subjected to static balance ) 做静平衡试验
blue oil test to be carried out 进行蓝油试验
pressure test to be applied for leakage 进行压力试验查漏
operation test to be carried out(performed) 进行操作试验
smoke test to be carried out 进行烟熏试验
load test to be carried out 进行负载试验
to be verified 证实
to be tested for leakage 试验漏泄
to be tested to prove tightness 试验紧固度
to be tested according to the specifications 按规范进行试车
to be retested after necessary repair 修理后重新试车
to be surveyed 检验
to be subjected to hydraulic test according to the requirements of the instruction book
根据说明书要求做液压试验
to be subjected to running test after reassembling 装复后做运转试车
to be tested by sighting 照光试验
to be tested in order 需试验完好
****Measuring(表示测量的相关词语)****
measurement to be taken with bridge gauge 用桥规测量
to be measured with calliper 用卡尺测量
to be measured by means of ultrasonic instrument 用超声波仪器测量
clearance to be measured by means of lead wire 用压铅丝测量间隙
to be gauged by means of micrometer 用千分卡测试
to be measured for elongation 测取延伸率
to be measured for thickness 测量厚度
to be calibrated 校正
to be recalibrated 重新测校
crank shaft deflections to be measured before and after repair 修理前后测量拐挡差
****Adjusting(表示调整的相关词语)****
to be adjusted by means of lead wire 用压铅丝方法调整
to be rectified on the lathe 在车床上矫正
to be adjusted according to the instruction book 按说明书调整
to be re-adjusted within the limit of 0.2 mm 重新调整至0.2mm
to be rebalanced 重新找平
to be aligned up 对中
to be re-aligned 重新对中

to be adjusted to 300 N／mm2 to open and 310 N／mm2 to close调整至300 Nmm2开启，310 N
／mm2关闭
PART 23 Useful prepositional phrase(常用介词短语)
about 35 mm in length 长度约35 mm
about 80 mm×90 mm in area 面积约80 mm×90 mm
according to the instruction book 根据说明书
according to the CE’s instruction 根据轮机长指示
after being annealed 退火后
after being ground 研磨后
after being machined 精加工后
after being welded 焊接后
after completion 完工以后
after repair 修理以后
as follows 如下
as necessary 按需要
as per sample 按样品
as required 按要求
as spare 作备件
before repair 修理以前
before test 试验以前
between fly wheel and generator 在飞轮和发电机之间
by means of metal-lock 用金属扣合的方法
by means of lead wire 用压铅丝方法
for inspection (为了)检查
for examination (为了)仔细检查
for repair (为了)修理
for perfect cleanness (为了)彻底清洁
if found 如果发现
if necessary 如果必要
in(good)order 妥善
in good working order(condition) 至良好工况
in running condition 至运行工况
in normal order 至正常
****Cleaning(表示清洗的相关词语)****
to be cleaned internally 内部清洗
to be cleaned with chemical compounds 化学清洗
to be cleaned with soda solution 用苏打溶液清沽
to be washed with fresh water 用淡水清洗
to be flushed with sea water 用海水冲洗
to be blown with compressed air 用压缩空气吹洗
slops to be disposed of 处理掉废油污水
to be air-blown 用空气吹通
to be cleaned away thoroughly 彻底清除
to be derusted by chipping 敲铲除锈

to be descaled 除垢
oil sludge and sediment to be dug and removed 挖掏油渣沉淀
to be scraped and repainted 铲刮并重新油漆
loose cement to be scraped out 铲除脱落水泥
ashes(sludge)to be cleaned off 清除灰(油渣)垃圾
****Machining(切削加工相关词语)****
to be faired up on the lathe 上车床校平
to be machined to roundness 车成圆度
to be skinned(skimmed)up 车光洁
to be smoothed 车光洁
to be machined(faced up) 光车
to be machined to size 光车至规定尺寸
to be machined to order 光车至所需要求
to be polished to mirror surface 抛光至镜面度
to be surface- finished 表面光洁处理
to be finished to roundness on spot 原地车圆
to be lathed and slotted 光车开槽
to be drilled and taped 钻孔攻丝
to be drilled out 钻出
to be milled and chamfered 铣槽倒角
to be tapered before fitting back 装复前车成锥形
to be honed and polished 镗磨并抛光
to be bored to roundness 镗圆
****Fitting(钳工用语)****
to be ground to the seat 与阀座磨合
to be ground with lapping compound 用研磨剂研磨
to be smoothed with a file 锉光滑
ridges to be filed off 凸起部分需锉掉
to be faired up in way of fracture 平顺断裂部位
to be fitted and scraped 拂刮
to be ground smoothly 研磨光滑
to be ground to bare metal 研磨出白
to be reground 重新研磨
to be chipped to bare metal 敲铲出白
to be freed up 除掉
to be brushed 刷
to be ground in sites 原地研磨
to be hardened up 调质、硬化处理
to be sand-blasted to bare metal 喷砂出白
to be gouged out 刨削
to be ground in 磨合
****Caution(告诫用语)****
Caution／Look out 注意
No smoking 禁止吸烟

Danger 危险
Poison 有毒
Exit／Way out 出口
Entrance 进口
No admittance 禁止入内
Keep off 切勿靠近
Keep out 切勿入内
Road closed 止步(此路不通)
Push 推
Pull 拉
Hands off 勿动手
Wet paint 油漆未干
Keep dry 防止潮湿
Keep in the sun 置于阳光下
Keep out of the sun 勿露于阳光下
Keep cool 保持阴凉
Fire gate 火灾太平门
*****Safety(安全用语)*****
extinguisher 灭火器
fire hose 消防水带
fine 罚款
gas-mask 防毒面具
respirator 呼吸器
venerations 中毒
suffocation 窒息
oxygen depletion(lack of oxygen) 缺氧
explosion 爆炸
receiving an electric shock 触电
accident 事故
safety standards 安全标准
general safety rules 安全通则
life saving and fire fighting equipments 救生和灭火设备
enclosed spaces 密闭空间
oxygen deficiency 缺氧
toxic vapors 毒气
*****基础句子*****
1. Good morning. 早上好
2. Good afternoon. 下午好
3. Good evening. 晚上好
4. How are you? 你好吗？
5. Fine, thank you. 好，谢谢。
6. You are welcome. 不谢
7. Excuse me. 对不起，打扰一下。
8. Are you chief engineer? 你是老轨吗？

9. No, I’m not. 不，我不是
10. Who are you? 你是谁？
11. I’m chief officer. 我是大副
12. What time is it? 几点了？
13. It’s twenty-five past two. 二点二十五
14. It’s fifteen to two. 一点四十五
15. Where are you from? 你来自哪里？
16. I am from Greece. 我来自希腊
17. Nice to meet you, Mr. Li. 很高兴见到你，李先生。
18. Follow me, please. 请跟我来
19. This way, please. 这边走。
20. Just a moment. 等一会儿。
21. This is captain. 这是船长。
22. Hello, I’m the foreman of fitter, I’m in charge of this job. 你好，我是铁工领班，我负责这项
工作。
23. Mr. Liu is responsible for pipe work.. 刘先生负责管子工程。
24. Do you like Chinese food? 你喜欢中国食物吗？
25. Yes , I enjoy it so much. 我很喜欢
26. When was the ship built? 这条船是什么时候建造的？
27. It was built in 1980. 1980年建造的。
28. Where was the ship built? 这条船是在哪里建造的？
29. It was built by GuangZhou Shipyard in China. 中国广州船厂建造的。
30. Let’s discuss the items on the repair list one by one．
让我们一项一项地讨论修理单上的项目。
31. When will we start the work? 我们什么时候开始工作？
32. Tomorrow morning. 明天早晨。
33. See you tomorrow. 明天见。
34. This is the schedule of repair. 这是修理计划。
35．Sent to the work shop for repair. 送到车间修理
36．When do you start working in the morningstop working in the afternoon..
你们早上几点上班下午几点下班？
37．Please cancel this item.请取消这一项
38．This item will take another five working days at least.这个项目至少还要5个工作日
39．If you are in a hurry, we can arrange overtime for you. 如果你们着急，可以为你们安排加
班。
40．Can you lend me a tool? 请借我一个工具好吗？
41. I’ve come to check with you the items in your repair list.
我是来和你核对修理单上的项目的。
42. If you have any questions about the repair list，you can talk to our superintendent．
如果对修理单你还有什么问题，可以和我们的总管谈。
43．I think we had better to make some alterationmodification to item No.××．
我想最好对××项修理内容做些更动／修改。
give me some more detailed explanation about this repair item．I don’t think it is clearly
stated．

请更详细地给我解释一下这个修理项目，我觉得它说得不清楚。
45. The main jobs should be checked or tested in the presence of one of our officers／engineers．
主要工程应在有一位我们的驾驶员／轮机员在场时进行验收或测试。 ．
46. Whom can I go to if there are any problem during the repair?
如果修理过程中出现问题，我该去找谁?
47. If there are any problem during the repair，please inform our engineer on duty immediately.
如果修理中有什么问题，请立即通知我们的值班轮机员。 ．
48. Please check this itemized bill.
请核对一下这份分项账单。
49. This item was not carried out，but the expense was not deducted.
这一项目未进行修理，但费用并未扣除。
50. The ship is going to carry out her voyage repair in the shipyard. It is to be dry-docked
tomorrow．
这艘船将进厂进行航修，它明天将要进坞。
51. All the items should be surveyed by classification society．
所有项目应通过船级社的检验。
52. I have invited a surveyor from Lloyd’s Register．
我已请了劳氏船级社的验船师。
53. Let’s have look of the exact positions of above items.
让我们看一下以上工程的具体位置。
54．This is an annual repair list(a voyage repair list，a guarantee repair list)．
这是一份岁修单(航修单、保修单)。
55. Here a copy of the repair list.
这是一份修理单副本.
56．There are some additional items to add to the list.
有一些附加项目需要加进修理单。
57．It’not difficult for us to do the repair as you require.
按照你们所要求的来修理,我们没有困难。
58．Who will supply the necessary spare parts for this item?
谁提供这一项的备件?
59. This is the job order，please check and sign it，and mark with ship’s stamp.
这是这次修理的完工单，请核对、签字并加盖船章。
*****专业句子*****
Repair work or the deck department(甲板部修理工程)
1．Anchor chains should be proof tested．
锚链应进行拉力试验.
2. The windlass squeaks when the anchor is hoisted. You had better to have it checked.
起锚时锚机总是“吱吱”作响，你们最好对它检查一下。
3. The motor of this cargo winch rotates too quickly. It needs readjusting．
这台起货机的马达旋转过快，需要重新调整。
4. Please measure and record the rudder bearings clearance and hand over to chief officer in
triplicate.
测量舵轴承间隙，记录一式三份交大副。
5. The error of the rudder angle indicator is too large.

舵角指示器误差过大。
6．The rudder blade does not remain amidships while the indicator reads zero．
舵角指示器为零时，舵不在中间位置。
7. All sheaves and rollers of the life boat davit need to be overhauled，cleaned，greased and
reassembled．
所有救生艇吊柱的滑轮和滚轮拆开检查、清洁、加油并装妥。
8. All brake linings and bands of life boat winch need to be renewed.
救生艇吊机的所有刹车带及刹车片换新。
9. Goose necks，topping lift blocks，cargo blocks and heel blocks of the derricks need to be
dismanltled，overhauled，measured，well greased，painted and then reassembled in order． 鹅颈头、千斤索滑车、吊货滑车以及引导滑车解体、检查、测量、加油、涂漆、修理损坏处，
然后装 复。
10．All cargo wires and topping lift wires need to be brushed, cleaned, examined and greased.
所有吊货索、千斤索需要刷净、清洁、检查并涂油。
11．Deck fire fighting water pipe(Dia．80mm, gal．steel pipe)at port side to be renewed totally
about 20 m in length．
左舷甲板消防管(直径80 mm镀锌钢管)部分换新，约20 m长。
12. One choked bilge sounding pipe in hold No.2 need to be freed.
第2舱一根污水测深管堵塞，需疏通。
13．One section of fresh water pipe(Dia．25 mm×4 m)and one stop valve(Dia．25mm)in the crew’s
bath room need to be renewed．
船员浴室一段淡水管(直径25 mm，长4 m)以及一只截止阀(直径25mm)换新。
MACHINERY REPAIR(船机维修)
Exercise 1 Failure(故障)
1．Anything wrong with×?
×有问题吗?
2. What’s wrong／the trouble with×?
×有什么故障(毛病)?
3．There are some troubles with×．／Something has gone wrong with×．
×出了问题(有故障了)。
4. Out of order／out of operation／out of action．
失灵，坏了。
6. Out of place
错位。
7．Out of step
步调不一致。
8. The meter is inaccurate. The relay does not function at all．
这个仪表不准确。继电器根本不动作。
9．The motor failed suddenly. The pump failed to build up pressure．
电机突然停了下来，泵建立不起压力。
10．The engine runs a bit unevenly.
机器运转有点不平稳。
11. Sea water has leaked into the fresh water system.
海水已漏进淡水系统。

12．These nuts are too loose.
这些螺母太松了。 ．
13. The white metal has been wiped out．
白合金已被磨掉。
14. There is a crack in the liner．
缸套上有裂纹。
15. The piston ring has lost its elasticity.
活塞环已失去弹性。
16．The white metal of the lower half bearing is partly detached.
轴承下瓦白合金部分脱落。
17．The valve spindle is bent and twisted.
阀杆已经弯扭变形。
18. There is a non-through crack on the cover．
缸盖上有一非裂穿性的裂纹。
19. The brake is over-worn.
刹车带过度磨损。
20．The boiler is seriously scaled．
锅炉严重结垢。
2l. The oil-sealing is defective．
油环损坏。
22．The orifices of this nozzle are almost choked up with carbide．
这个油嘴的喷孔几乎被碳化物堵死。
23．The oil passage is partly blocked．
油路部分被堵死。
24. Take asbore to repair．
送岸修理。
25．Sent to the work shop for repair．
送车间修理。
26．Sent the impeller shaft of sea water pump to the work shop for straighten.
海水泵叶轮轴送车间矫直。
Exercise 2 Technical requirement(技术要求)
l. All parts to be reassembled as original.
所有部件按原样重新组装。
2．Ring grooves to be machined up as original size．
环槽按原尺寸加工。
3. Make a new valve spindle according to the drawing．
阀杆按样图新做。
4．One cylinder 1iner to be newly made as spare.
新做一缸套作为备件。
5．Shaft to be lathed as per attached sketch．
轴按附图加工。
6．Three collar bolts to be fabricated as per sample.
按实样做3个带环螺栓。
7. Fresh water pump motor to be tested as required in the specification.

淡水泵电机按说明书规定进行试验。
8. Cylinder liner to be bored as required．
缸套按要求镗缸。
9．Coupling to be skinned up in way of shaft．
联轴节在轴的部位光车。
10．No.3 and 4 crankpins to be polished in place.
3号、4号曲柄销就地抛光。
11. The valve to be replaced in position．
阀装复原位。
12. Cylinder to be hydraulically tested in the presence of C／E and surveyor.
气缸须在轮机长和验船师在场时进行水压试验。
13. Cooling system to be tested to C／E's satisfaction.
冷却系统试验至轮机长满意为止。
14. The heating coils to be hydraulically tested up to 8 kg／cm2.
水压试验加热盘管需达8 kg／cm2.
15．Take the clearance with a feeler．
间隙用塞尺测量。
16．Packing to be renewed with ship’s stores.
填料用船方备件换新。
17. Safety valve to be pressured tested．
安全阀应做压力试验。
18．Water tank to be de-rusted and wire-brushed．
水柜除锈并用钢丝刷刷净。
19. Automatic valve to be dismantled for examination.
自动阀应拆卸检验。
20．Cylinder cover to be opened for cleaning．
打开缸盖以便清洁。
Exercise 3 Main engine operation(主机操作)
1．Warm the main engine．
暖机。
2. Examined every parts of eng．and ascertained its condition.
诸部件及其状态已检查确认。
3. Ascertained no leak of X.
确定×无滴漏。
4. Examined and adjusted tappet clearance of suction and exhaust valves．
进、排气阀顶杆间隙已检查和调整。
5. Take off the turning gear．
脱开盘车机。
6. Tried main engine several times ahead and astern．
主机进行了数次正倒车试验。
7．Run the engine several revolutions.
冲车数转。
8. Get equal power in each cylinder．
平衡各缸功率。

Exercise 4 Diesel engine inspection and repair(柴油机检修)
1．Open out No.5 cylinder and take out the piston.
打开5号气缸盖并取出活塞。
2．Overhaul No.3 cylinder．
检修3号缸。
3. There’s a through crack in the liner.
缸套上有条穿透性裂纹。
4. Examine and clean the air starting valves.
检查并清洁起动空气阀。
5．Clean around scavenging ports.
清洁扫气口周围。
6. Take out and examine the fuel injection valves of each cylinder．
取出并检查各缸喷油器。
7. Adjust the opening pressure for fuel valve．
调整油头的开启压力。
8．Adjust injection pressure to 280 kg／cm2.
把喷射压力调整到280 kg／cm2。
9. Take out the fuel injection valves on each cylinder and clean the tip of the valves and then do
the atomization tests.
取出各缸喷油器，清洁喷嘴并做雾化试验。
10．Check piston clearance at top dead center of the stroke.
在上止点测量活塞与缸套之间的间隙。
11. Overhaul the thrust bearing.
拆修推力轴承。
12. Measure the diameter of the shaft.
测量轴的直径。
13．Measure the diameter of No．1 crank pin．
测量1号曲柄销径。
14．Remove the top half brasses of all main bearings and measure crankshaft worn down with
bridge gauge.
拆下各主轴承上瓦，用桥规测量曲轴的磨耗。
15. Measure the clearance of bearings by pressing lead wires．
用压铅法测量轴承间隙。
16．Adjust bearing clearance with shims.
用垫片调整轴承间隙。
17. Put in a sheet of 2 mm shim．
装进一张2 mm的垫片。
off two sheets of 1／2 mm copper liner.
抽出两张0.5mm的铜垫片。
19．Remove bearing caps and carefully examine the journals.
拆下轴承盖，仔细检查轴颈。
20．Examine carefully the crank pin for flaws or hair cracks.
精心检查曲柄销颈有无缺陷或微小裂纹。
21．Remove scale and deposit from cooling space in cylinder cover.

清除缸盖冷却水腔的水污和沉积物。
22. Measure the diameter of cylinder liner．
测量缸套直径。
23. File off the ridges on the top and bottom of the liner．
锉去缸套上、下方的划痕。
24．Scrape off the ridges on the top and bottom of the liner with grinder.
用风砂轮拂去缸套上、下方的划痕。
25．Lift all the piston rings and clean properly the ring grooves，and renew 2 compression rings
and 1 oil scraper ring.
取出全部活塞环并彻底清洁环槽，换新2根压缩环和1根刮油环。
26．The piston ring has lost its elasticity．
该活塞环已失去弹性。
27. The piston ring is worn out.
该活塞环已过度磨损。
28. All piston rings should be taken out from the ring grooves.
将所有的环从环槽中取出。
29. Test hammering the nuts of the bolts for looseness.
以锤敲击螺帽检查松动。
30. Drain out all the oil in reduction gear casing and refill with fresh oil．
减速齿轮箱内的油全部放出，补入新油。
31. Clean the oil strainers periodically.
定期清洗油滤器。
32. Chip and scrape the corroded part of engine room bulkhead and touch up with red lead paint.
铲、刮机舱舱壁锈蚀部分以红丹漆修补之。
33．Shift 2 liners from upper deck into engine room．
将上甲板的2只缸套搬进机舱。
34. Dismantle the pump to check its seal.
拆开泵检查它的密封。
35．The piston should be lifted out together with its rod．
将活塞连同活塞杆一起吊出。
36. Disconnect all the piping connections before dismantling the cylinder head．
在拆卸缸头之前先拆除所有的连接管。
37．Stamp a center mark．
打一个中心标记。
38. Check the deflection of the crankshaft both before and after repair.
在修理前和修理后都要检查曲轴的变形情况。
39．Would you please inspect the pumps?
请检查一下泵好吗?
40. Check the alignment of the piston by measuring the clearance between the piston and the
cylinder.
通过测量活塞与缸套之间的间隙来检查活塞的对中情况。
41．Measure the shaft diameter with a pair of outside calipers．
用一对外卡钳来测量轴的直径。
42. Calibrate the cylinder liner．(Measure the internal diameter of the cylinder.)

测量(校准)缸套内径。
43. Scrape the main bearings．
修刮主轴承。
shaft dismantled should be remachined．
拆下的轴应重新加工。
45. These plungers should be reground.
这些柱塞应重新研磨。
46．Weld up the cracked piston crown..
焊补裂开的活塞顶。
47. Bore the cylinder liner.
镗缸。
48. The cylinder liner should be chromium-plated after it is bored.
缸套膛孔后应镀铬。
49. File off the ledge．
锉去这些凸起部分。
50．The shaft should slotted.
应在轴上开一个槽。
51. The quality of this material is rather poor.
这些材料的质量非常糟糕。
52. The shaft for the ballast pump should be from anticorrosive alloy.
压载泵的轴应选用耐蚀合金。
53. We have no such alloy，can we use other kind of material instead?
我们没有这种合金，能否用其他材料代替?
54．The pipes should be of heavy-duty material.
这些管子应该用耐重载荷材料制成。
55. This material is heat-resistant and anticorrosive.
这种材料耐热耐腐蚀。
56．Renew the plunger.
换新柱塞。
57. Change the packing if it is necessary.
如果必要的话更换填料。
58. There is no other way but renewing it.
除了换新没有别的方法。
59. The seal rings should be replaced by ship’s spares.
密封环用船上的备件更换。
60. The carbon deposits on the piston crown and in the ring grooves should be scraped away.
活塞顶和环槽中的积炭应被刮去。
61．Wash the cooler with soda solution.
用苏打水冲洗冷却器。
62. Take the crank deflection of main engine.
测量主机臂距差。
63. Please check the upper surface condition of the piston crown with a template．
请用样板检查活塞顶烧蚀了多少。
64. Have you checked the clearances of the gas valves?

你检查过气阀间隙吗?
65. The vertical play(gap clearance)of the piston ring should be measured．
应测量活塞环的天地间隙(搭口间隙)。
66. Please issue the report.
请签发报告。
67. Test the cylinder covers hydraulically.
气缸盖进行液压试验。
68．Did these parts pass magnaflux-tests?
这些部件经过磁力探伤试验了吗?
69．The main engine must undergo both mooring and sea trials.
主机必须经过系泊试验和航行试验。
70．Dynamic balance test should be carried out to the rotor of the turbocharger.
涡轮增压器转子应进行动平衡试验。
Ship engine overhaul workmanship(轮机检修工艺)
1. Remove upper department of the bed plate in turn，make mark as remembering．
按顺序拆除机座以上部件，做好标志。
2．Draw out crank shaft，put it on the special cradle，clean it and make flaws detection and do
necessary check..
吊出曲轴，将之放置于专用支架上，清洁，探伤，并作必要的检查。
3．Put new bed plate on base plate，use feeler to check touching surface，it should be less than 0.10
mm.
将新机座置于基座上，用塞尺检查接触面，应0.10mm塞尺不入。
4. Use lead wire to check main bearing clearance，it should be between 0.110 mm to 0.195mm,the
max clearance is 0.35 mm.
用压铅法险查主轴承，间隙应在0.110mm到0．195mm之内，最大不超过0.35 mm。
5. Ream bolt holes(more than 2 pcs)，tighten the frame and bed plate together，the clearance of
touching surface should be less than 0.10 mm．
铰螺栓孔(不少于2个)，将机架与机座把紧，用塞尺检查应0.10 mm不入。
6. Other parts’clearance and inlet exhaust valve timing and torques of the nuts should be based on
the instruction book.
其他部分的间隙及进、排气阀定时，螺栓预紧力矩等根据说明书的要求进行调整。
Example 2 The disassembling procedure of M／E crankshaft renewed(主机换曲轴工艺)
1．A“工”shaped frame should be mounted on the top of the engine room in order to lift the
engine frame and crankshaft，with 4 chain locks(10 tons each)being prepared.
在机舱上部架上“工”字型钢体，以备吊机架及曲轴用，并准备10 t葫芦4个。
2. Disassemble 2 sets of turbochargers，shift out of engine room，related parts should be
disassembled.
分解增压器2台，吊出机舱，有关上部牵连工程分解。
3．Turn the gear to check the injection time．Turn No．1 crankpin to TDC(Top Dead
Center)．Check the working condition of the gear.
盘车检查定时，将No．I曲柄销盘到上止点(出 输出端向前看左侧第一号缸)，检查传动齿轮
的啮合码号。
4. Disassemble the bolts between engine frame and casing，frame and oil tank.
分解机架与本体座螺栓及机架与油箱的倒装螺栓。

5．Disassemble the forward vibration absorber of crankshaft，shift it out of eugine room，put
crankshaft on 3 pcs. wood(each size：150 mm×150 mm×1500 mm).
分解曲轴首端减振器并吊出机舱，将曲轴放在3个木墩上(木墩尺寸150mmX150 mm×1500
mm)。
6. Clean，remove oil，prepare for hot-working，and in the meantime prevent the parts in the chain
from any slug，dirty etc.
清洁，除油，做好动火作业前的准备工作，同时做好防护工作，防止异物及渣子落入链条箱
内。
Example 3. M／E frame box repairing workmanship(主机机架修理方案)
If the frame has been found deformed seriously,the repairing method should be as follow：
如经检查后发现机架变形，则采用如下方法进行修理：
1. Frame upper surface：
机架上表面：
(1) Turn the frame upside-down and make the mating surface upward.
将机架翻转，接合面朝上。
(2)lf the distortion is small，we can use wind power sand- wheel to grind it；if the distortion is too
big，the frame must be transformed to workshop and finished on planning machine. Planeness
should be less than 0.10 mm per 1 000 square millimeter and less than 0.15 mm in the total
surface.
在变形很小的情况下，用风动砂轮手工研磨；如变形较大，则吊运出舱, 上刨床将接合面刨
平，达到每1 000mm2内不大于0.10 mm全表面内不大于0.15 mm。
2. Bearing holes：
瓦孔：
(1)If the plane“c”is over limit，recover the original size by means of brush-plating and grinding.
如果C面超差，则用刷镀研磨的方法恢复原尺寸。
(2)If the plane“a”is over limit，repairing it by means of sand-wheel and grinding，ensuring the
fitting clearance to be less than 0.05mm．
如果a面超差，用手工研磨的方法达到0．05 mm塞尺不入的要求。
(3)Tighten up the bearing seat，re-measure inner diameter again，We can choose two ways to
repair it．
If distortion is small，use brush-plating and grinding to repair distortion is too big, bore the
bearing hole and replace with thicker bearing.
将瓦座把紧，重新测量瓦孔内径，根据变形情况采用 电刷镀、研磨或直接上装配机镗孔换加
厚瓦的方法来恢复。
3. InstaH crankshaft and piston according to assembling procedure.
曲轴、活塞组装按组装工艺要求进行。
Example 12 Renewing workmanship for M／E cylinder jackets(主机缸体换新工艺)
1. The No. 2，4 cylinder jackets of M／E have been damaged. They should be replaced by
shipowner’s spares after being machined．
该船主机2号、4号缸体已损坏，由船方供给毛坯加工换新。
2. The aft turbocharger should be removed. and be shifted out from engine room.
将后端盖增压器吊出机舱。
3. The right supports，cables，lines and exhaust pipes of No l，2，3，4 cylinders should be removed.
The left cooling water pipes，starting air pipes,and high pressure oil pipes should be dismantled

also.
拆卸右端支架、电缆、管系和l号、2 号、3号、4号缸排烟管及扫气管。左端冷却水管、起
动空气管及高压油管也应拆除。
4．Lose the tie-rods，and record the disassembled pressure. The fitting bolts between No. 1，2，
3，4 cylinder jackets and frame，jacket and jacket would be loosened.
松开贯穿螺栓，并记录分解压力数 据。松开1号、2号、3号、4号缸体与机架、缸体与缸
体之间的紧配连接螺栓。
5. The bolts of bed plate should be tightened once according to instruction book.
机座螺栓按要求上紧一遍。
6. The deflection should be checked，if it exceeds 0.2 mm，the tightened pressure of tierods could
be-adjusted by 10％until the deflection is qualified.
检查拐挡尺寸，如超过0.20 mm，则将贯穿螺栓的把紧压力调整10％，直到臂距差符合要
求。
7．The holes of cylinder jacket should be milled. And the bolts of cylinder jackets should be
machined and fitted.
气缸本体接合面铣孔配螺栓。
8. Assemble the exhaust pipes and the attachments．
装复排气管及附件。
****Electricity(电气相关用语)****
mica to be undercut 云母拉槽
to be wrapped in insulator 包以绝缘物
drop test of all windings to be carried out 对所有绕组进行冲击试验
to be megger- tested 进行高阻抗试验、绝缘测试
balancing test of armature to be carried 进行电枢平衡试验
high voltage test to be performed 进行高压试验
over-current test to be performed 进行过电流试验
trial to be carried out as follows 进行如下试车
run in full load 4 hours 满载运行4小时
run in half load 2 hours 半载运行2小时
run in over load(10％)1 hours 过载l0％运行1小时
to be rewound 重绕
to be varnished 浸凡立水
to be revarnished 重浸凡立水
to be re-insulated 重新绝缘
to be insulated 绝缘处理
to be dipped with insulation paint 浸绝缘漆
to be immersed with insulation paint 浸绝缘漆
to be impregnated with insulation paint 浸绝缘漆
to be baked and dried 烘干
to be routed 排线
heavy current 强电
light current 弱电
monitor 监视器
generator 发电机

alternator 交流发电机
prime mover 原动机
battery 电池
illumination 照明
main switchboard 主配电板
distribution panel 分配电板
shore power box 岸电箱
overload 过载
reverse power 逆功率
under voltage 欠电压
preference trip 优先卸载
switch over 转换
remote control 遥控
switch on 合闸
switch off 分闸
unload 卸载
out of service 解列退出电
constant voltage 恒压
in parallel 并联
phase sequence(angle) 相序(角)
regulator 调整器
load test 负荷试验
control unit(component) 控制装置(元件)
contactor 接触器
relay(pressure，temperature，level) (压力、温度、液位)继电器
thermostat 恒温器
master controller 主令控制器
sensor 传感器
dynamic- pressure type 水压式
indicator 显示器
magnifier 放大器
converter 变化器，换能器
rectify 整流，滤波
level gauge 液位计
thermometer 温度计
solenoid 电磁阀
interlock 互锁
printed wiring board 印刷电路板
led-light emitting diode 发光二极管
potentiometer 电位计，分压计
servomotor 伺服电动机
self excitation 自励
compound excitation 复励
resistor 电阻器

capacitor 电容器
reactor 电抗器
transformer 变压器
heat- resisting cable 耐热电缆
armored cable 铠装电缆
shielded cable 屏蔽电缆
cabtyre cable 橡胶绝缘软电缆
anti-explosion lamp 防爆灯
arc shield 灭弧罩
ACB(automatic circuit breaker) 自动空气断路器
ballast 镇流器
alkaline battery 碱性蓄电池
electrolyte 电解液
evaporator 造水机
explosion proof motor 防爆电机
earth-fault protection 接地保护
bearing pedestal 轴承座
blinker lamp 闪光信号灯
bus bar 汇流排
buzzer 蜂鸣器
cable conduit 电缆管道，导线管
cable laying 电缆敷设
cathode protection unit 阴极保护装置
centrifugal switch 离心式开关
change- over switch 转换开关
chip 芯片，集成电路
converter 变流机
counter 计数器
cowl 通风罩
current transformer 电流互感器
neutrals 中性点
float switch 浮动(子)开关
fog horn(whistle) 雾笛
fuse base 熔丝座
gangway lamp 舷梯灯
germicidal lamp 杀菌灯
glow-starter 辉光启动器
governor 调速器
effective power 有效功率
ignition coil 点火线圈
integrating circuit 积分电路
lead-acid battery 铅酸蓄电池
keyway(key slot) 键槽
load transfer 功率转移，负荷转移

magslip 旋转变压器
main-frame 总配线架，主机架，底盘
maintenance 维修保养
mercury vapour lamp 水银灯(汞气灯)
movable(static)contact 动(静)触头
operating system 操作系统
PCB=printed circuit board 印刷电路板
periodic repair 定期维修
photoswitch 光控开关，光控继电器
plug 插头
socket 插座
potential 电势
pre-exciting switch 充磁开关
probe 探头，探测器
rated capacity 额定容量
reactive current 无功功率
reduced-voltage starting 降压起动
resilient coupling 弹性连接
resonance 谐振
rewire 重新接线
shaft- turning gear motor 盘车装置电动机
thermocouple 热电偶
thermo-switch 温度开关
winding overheat 绕组过热
compensator 补偿器
relative permeability 介电常数
screened 有屏蔽
unscreened 无屏蔽
****Motor and alternator(电机和发电机)****
arcing (电弧)击穿
bake 烘烤
bearing cap(cover) 轴承盖
bearing housing 轴承座
brazing 铜焊
brush gear 电刷装置
cleaning agent 清洁剂
clearance 间隙
coil 线圈
commutator 换向器，转接器
core 铁心
electric cleanser 电气清洁剂
heater 加热器
insulator 绝缘子
interpole 换向极

metal plating 金属涂镀
rotor 转子
self-cooling 自冷
series coil 串激线圈
shaft sealing ring 轴封
sleeve 套，筒
stator 定子
varnish 浸漆
winding 绕组
****Illumination(照明)****
searching light 探照灯
projector 投光灯
navigational light 航行灯
signal light 信号灯
portable light 手提灯
fluorescent light 荧光灯
cabin ceiling light 舱顶灯
anchor light 锚灯
mast light 桅灯
stern light 尾灯
side light 舷灯
flash signal light 闪光信号灯
emergency lighting 应急照明
****Navigation and communication equipment(导航及通讯设备)****
compass(magnetic～) 罗经(磁罗经)
gyro 电罗经
steadiness 稳定性
radio wave 无线电波
anemoscoper 风速仪
antenna 天线
accelerometer 加速计
speed log 计程仪
speed servo system 速度随动系统
range display 航程显示器
calculator 计数器
sensibility 灵敏度
transmitter 发射机
receiver 接收机
sounder 测深仪
fathometer 测深仪
echo sounder 回声测深仪
impulsator 脉冲发生器
dial 刻度盘
medium wave(short-) 中波(短波)

radio station 电台
transceiver 收发报机
teleprinter 电传打字机
intercommunication 内通
sound power telephone 声力电话
automatic telephone 自动电话
acoustics 音响效果
direct telephone 直通电话，对讲电通
*****ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT(船舶电气)*****
Exercise 1 Failure(故障)
1．The winding’s insulation resistance is close to zero.
绕组的绝缘电阻接近零值。
2．Plenty of sparks appeared between the carbon brushes and the slip rings．
炭刷与滑环之间出现许多火花。
3．The carbon brushes are not at their proper position.
炭刷位置不对。
4．The motor and the compressor shafts are not well aligned．
电动机和压缩机轴线失中。
5. One phase cable is earthed．
一相电缆接地了。
6．The power factor is too low.
功率因数太低。
7．The electro-magnetic winding heats because the valve has stuck in the casing.
因为阀咬死在阀壳里，所以电磁线圈发热。
8．The motion of the thermostat is stagnant．
恒温器的动作迟钝。
9. Tbe contact blade is melted away．
触头片已熔掉。
10. Where is this limit switch located?
这个限位开关装在什么地方?
11．There are sparks at the commutator．
换向器上有火花。
12. The insulator is aged.
绝缘老化了。
13. The insulation is broken down．
这个线圈的绝缘被击穿了。
14. There are plenty of burnt spots on the surface of the slip rings.
滑环表面有大量烧焦麻点。
15. There is very serious corrosion on the accumulator terminals．
蓄电池接线柱有严重腐蚀。
16. The terminal plate has become carbonized．
接线板已炭化了。
17．The contact blade is melted away.
触头片已熔掉。

18．The motion of the thermostat is stagnant.
恒温器的动作迟钝。
19．The breaker fails to trip．
开关不能跳闸。
’s something wrong with the radar．I can’t see any echoes on the screen. Would you
please fix it for us?
雷达有故障，屏幕上看不到任何回波，能替我们修理一下吗?
21. There are only bright specks but no sweep on the screen of the radar.
雷达的荧光屏上只有亮点，没有扫描线。
22．No rotating sweep can be observed on the screen, but the scanner rotates all right.
屏幕上看不到扫描线运转，但天线运转正常。
23．Check the cable for proper connection．
检查线路接线是否正确。
24．It is necessary to examine the phase sensitive circuit．
有必要马上检查一下相敏电路。
25．Dismantle the motor to check its rotor．
拆开电机检查转子。
26．Disengage the manoeuvering linkage．
脱开操纵联动机构。
27. Disconnect all the buses before dismantling the automatic air circuit breaker．
在拆下自动空气断路器之前，先把所有母线脱开。
28．Disassemble，clean and check the automatic feed water regulator.
将自动给水调节器拆开、清洁并检查。
29．Measure the values of the resistances on this printed circuit board with the universal
avometer．
用万用表测量这块印刷电路板上的电阻值。
30. The insulation resistance of the generator should be kept above 0.5 megohm.
发电机的绝缘电阻应保持在0.5 MΩ 以上。
31. The mica between the segments.
换向片之间的云母。
32．Five pieces of forty watts fluorescent lights in galley should be changed with sixty ones.
厨房里的5盏40w的荧光灯要换成60w的。
33. Dry and varnish the exciting coil.
将励磁线圈烘干并涂漆。
34. The new diode should be of tbe same specifications as the one broken down..
新的二极管应当和被击穿的二极管具有相同的规格。
35. The damaged windings of the transformer should be rewound.
坏了的变压器线圈应当重绕。
36. The timing of the time relay should be adjusted.
校正时间继电器的定时。
37. This transistor was broken down..
这个晶体管被击穿了。
38．Please carry out the following protection test on board：no- voltage，over-load and reverse
power test.

请在船上进行保护试验，包括失压、过载、逆功率试验。
39．Don’t switch on(off)．
不要合上(切断)电闸。
40. The electrical apparatuses should be made dead before dismantlement．
拆卸之前，电器设备应该断电。
41．How many storage batteries are there on board?
船上有多少蓄电池?
42．Renew the fuse for engine room port side light．
机舱左舷灯保险丝换新。
43．Polish the voltage regulator tap with the sand paper．
用砂纸擦光电压调节器的接头。
44. The driving motor is of watertight．three speed，pole- changing，squirrel-cage type．
驱动马达是水密、三速、变极、鼠笼型的。
45. The voltmeter is to be calibrated.
伏特表需要校准。
46．The circuit—breaker fails to close or trip.
断路器不能合闸或跳闸。
47．Load sharing and parallel operation are satisfactory.
负荷分配和并联运行令人满意。
48．Measure (the rotor) to see whether its diameter is within tolerance or not.
测量(转子)，看它的直径是否在公差允许范围之内。
49. Disconnect all (the buses) before dismantling (the automatic air circuit breaker).
在拆下(自动空气断路器)之前，先把所有(母线)脱开。
50. Dry and varnish(the exciting coil).
将(励磁线圈)烘干并涂漆。
51. A1l the dust(in the winding)should be washed away．
(绕组内)的灰尘都应洗干净。
52. (The whole casing)should be given two coats of anticorrosive paint．
(整个外壳)应涂两遍防锈漆。
53. The damaged windings of(the transformer)should be rewound.
坏了的(变压器)线圈应当重绕。
54．(This transistor)was broken down. It should be renewed.
(这个晶体管)已经击穿，应该换新。
55. Did(these parts)pass(the shock)test?
(这些部件)做了(冲击)试验吗?
connect the shore supply.
请接通岸电。
57．Where is the shore connection box?
岸电接线箱在哪里?
58. The main generators are three-phase synchronous alternators．
主发电机为三相同步交流发电机。
59. Please make sure that the phase order connections are correct．
请肯定相序接头正确。
60. Marks must be clearly made when the wires are disconnected．

拆线时一定做出清楚标记。
61. Are the lead wires of different phases easily recognized?
不同相位的引线易于识别吗?
62. Stator coil found burnt to be rewound.
定子线圈发现已烧坏，将其重绕。
63. Check the cable for proper connections．
检查电缆接头是否良好。
64. The main switch should be tested by low voltage protection，reverse current protection and
insulation resistance.
主开关应做低压保护试验、逆电流保护试验和绝缘电阻试验。
65．How do you do? I’m the superintend of electrical department of shipyard，and I’ll heck the
electrical repair list with you.
你好!我是厂方电气主管，我将要与你核对电气工程修理单。
66. Overhauling of generator.
发电机检修。
67．How about the primary performance of the generator?
发电机原来运行情况怎样?
68. What’s wrong with generator?
发电机有什么故障?
69. Is the carbon brush of generator to be renewed?
发电机炭刷是否换新?
70．Carbon ashes have accumulated in the motor，should it be cleaned?
许多炭灰沉积在马达里，是否清洁?
71. Has the main switch of generator be tested by three protections?
发电机主开关是否做三项保护实验?
72．What’s the problem with automatic parallel operation system?
自动并车系统有什么故障?
73. The main switch board to be cleaned．
主配电板清洁。
74．The main switch of generator to be cleaned，the contacts to be polished.
发电机主开关清洁保养、触头打磨。
75. To examine the insulation of electrical network．
电网绝缘检测。
76. Regards as the current repair of ballast pump motor，who will supply the bearing?
压载泵马达小修，轴承由谁来提供?
77. Regards as the extensive repair of the motor of steering gear，who will supply the bearing?
舵机马达大修，轴承由谁来提?
78. What’s wrong with the automatic control box of refrigerator?
冰机自控箱有什么故障?
79. How to repair the cable of the deck? Should all be renewed?
甲板电缆怎样修理?是否全换?
80. To repair the gyrocompass.
修理陀螺罗经。
81. To calibrate the magnetic compass.

磁罗经校验。
82. The motor has been cleaned in the work shop，ready to be assembled. Please come to check.
电机在车间已经清洁干净，准备组装，请你到车间检查。
83．The alternator(generator)be dismounted，craned／delivered to workshop.
交流发电机拆出，吊运车间。
84．The alternator be dismantled，the stator and rotor be cleaned and checked，varnished and
dried．
交流发电机解体，清洁检查、涂漆、烘干定转子。
85. Two sets of cargo winch motors to be removed，disassembled，taken ashore，overhauled，
reassembled and refitted．No.2 cargo-hatch forward portside 26 kW three speed squirrelcage
motor 1 set；No.4 cargo-hatch forward portside 26 kw three-speed squirrel-cage motor 1 set.
(1)Motors to be cleaned，dried up and there insulation resistance valve to be kept more than l MΩ；
(2)Forwatd and afterward bearings to be renewed；
(3)Brake linings to be renewed，2 sets；
(4)Burnt coil to be renewed .
两台起货机电动机要拆下、解体并送上岸去检修，重新装配和安装。2号货舱左舷前
26 kw鼠笼式电动机一台，4号货舱左舷前部26 kW三速鼠笼式电动机一台。
(1)电动机要清洗、烘干，其绝缘电阻值要大于1 MΩ；
(2)前后轴承要换新；
(3)两台制动器的刹车片要换新；
(4)烧损的线圈要换新。
103. The compound excitation device be tested in workshop，it works normally，then fixed up to
alternator．
相复励装置车间试验，正常，装配到发电机上。
104. The alternator be shifted back ship，aligned and mounted，submit to ship for acceptance.
发电机移吊回船，调整，安装，交船验收接受。
Exhaust gas boiler steam coil pipe renewing workmanship(废气锅炉盘管换新工艺)
1．Dismantle and install coil pipe.
盘管拆装：
(1)Dismantle the connected pipes and valves from the body，remove protection coat and insuIation
coat, and clean inside.
拆除与炉体连接的管件、阀件，将炉外衣及绝缘层剥除，清扫干净。
(2)Use cutting torch to separate coil pipe from coil box，grind purely around pipe connection holes
about 20 mm rang and make welding groove．
沿盘管根部用气割将之与联箱分开，联箱管孔周围20 mm范围内打磨干净，并倒焊接坡口。
(3)The brace and stiffening rib should be checked and repaired according to condition.
炉内的盎管牵条及加强筋视情况修换。
(4)Transfer the old coil tubes to workshop and fabricate new coil tubes according to sampies and
drawings supplied by ship owner. Each coil tube should be hydraulically tested after fabrication.
将旧盘管运回车间按旧样及船方提供的图纸制作。每盘盘管制作后进行水压试验，检验焊接
处。
(6)Do pressure test(the pressure is 0.98 MPa，and it should not have leakage in30 min).
做压力试验0．98 MPa，30分钟不漏。
(7)Install back insulation coat and pipes valves.

恢复绝缘外衣及管路、阀件。
2. Fabricate coil tube.
盘管制作：
(1)Fabricate the coil tubes and attachments according to old sample and ship owner's drawing．
按船供图纸及旧样制作管路及附件。
(2)The fabricating coil tubes group must be inspected on flat plate，the requirements are as
following：
盘管制作成后按旧样及图纸在平台上检验盘管组，要求如下：
①The steel tube around the welding bead(in the range of 20 mm)should be grind to naked．
管头对焊处20 mm范围内打磨干净并露出金属光泽。
②Argon arc weld with tgs-50 welding wire.
焊条选用tgs-50氩弧焊丝。
③The material have to be approved by DNV surveyor. Or there is DNV certification.
盘管材质必须经DNV认可或有DNV证书。
(3)Welding bead have to be tested 100％by MT.
盘管组焊接成后焊口 100%磁粉探伤。
(4)Water pressure test(0.98 MPa)，if no leakage within 30 minutes，then submit the results to DNV
surveyor and ship owner.
做水压试验0.98 MPa，30分钟不漏，交DNV验船师及船东验收。
Example 8 Aux．boilor water space crack welding procedure(辅锅炉水腔板裂纹焊补工艺规程)
1．Chemical composition analysis should be made to the welded part’s material according to the
drawing or other data，or chemical examination should be made with owner and surveyor’s
authority.
锅炉水腔 需焊补的母材要根据图纸或资荆进行化学成分分析，或者取一部分母材进行化验
(需经船检及船东同意) 。
2. Thickness of the plate is 22 mm. MT should be made to determine depth and length of the crack.
Slope should be made and approved by surveyor.
水腔板测厚为22 mm,进行磁粉探伤确定裂纹的深度、长度，打磨坡口并向船检交验。
3. Keep the temperature for 24 hours after welding being finished，do MT and present the results
to ship owner and surveyor.
焊后保温24小时后做磁粉探伤检查，交船检、船东验收。
Example 9 Repairing workmanship about collection box and steam coil pipe of the exhanst gas
boiler(废气锅炉联箱及盘管修换工艺)
The ship has one set exhaust gas boiler，the boiler’s working pressure is 0．5 MPa，the boiler’s two
sets collect box all need to be changed based on ship owner’s suggestion；material is 20
g(Φ273×9).Coil pipe should be done pressure test per single set，then decide repair range，material
is 20 g，steel tube isΦ31．8×3.2，the detail step is as following：
该船废气锅炉一台，工作压力为0.5 MPa，根据船方意见，该炉联箱全部换新，材料选用20#< br>锅炉管，规格Φ273×9，盘管单组磅压检查，局部换新，材料选用20#锅炉管，规格Φ3l.8×3 .2，
其具体工艺如下：
1．Dismantle body with connect pipe，remove protection coat and insulation coat，clean inside.
拆除与炉体连接的管件、阀件，将炉外衣及绝缘层剥除，清扫干净。
2．Use cutting torch to separate coil pipe from collect box，then grind coil pipe root and make
welding groove. All the connection pipes between coil pipe and collect box should be renewed.

沿盘管根部用气割将之与联箱分开，打磨盘管根部并做焊接坡口。 联箱与盘管间的连管全部
换新.
pipe sbould be done pressure test to check leakage for per single set，it’s up to ship owner to
decide how to repair(totally or partly renewed)．
将盘管单组磅压，检查漏点，由船方决定盘管是否全部换新或局部修理。
4．Because coil pipes have corroded and blocked seriously，the new pipe and old one perhaps can
not be welded together，if it is true，the ship owner should to decide the repairing range again.
因为盘管锈蚀、堵塞严重，在焊接过程中可能会出现新管与旧管无法焊接的现象，此时需由
船方 重新确定工程范围。
5. The brace and stiffening plate should be checked and repaired according to the detail condition．
炉内的盘管牵条及加强筋视情况修换。
6. Install back coil pipe and collect box，after orientating，weld the connection together according
to the drawings.
回装盘管及联箱，定位后现场焊接盘管与联箱的接口处，形式按船供图纸。
7．Do pressure tests，if no leakage under the pressure of 0．75MPa，then present results to surveyor.
做压力试验，按0．75 MPa不漏交验。
8. Welder should have DNV certificate and select welding appearance by one side as welding
form.
焊工应持有DNV认可证书上岗，焊接采用单面焊双面成型。
Example 10 Aux．boiler tube replacing workmanship(辅锅炉烟管更换工艺)
1．Open the man holes，clean the fire side ash and clean the water side by chemical.
打开人孔，清除烟侧烟灰，水侧化学清洗。
2. Cut the welding place of the tube which is needed to be replaced and draw out the tube from the
tube sheet.
用火焰切割方法将需要更换的管沿焊接处切除，并将管子抽出。
3. Grind purely the hole of the tube and measure the distance between the upper and lower tube
sheet.
将需更换管子的管孔磨清理干净，测量上下管板间的实际距离。
4．Fabricate the tube slightly longer than the measurement by 10 mm．
按实测长度加长10 mm进行下料。
5．Clean and remove the oil and rust around the ends of the new tube before welding.
新管焊接前，管端及管孔周围应去除油污、铁锈等杂质。
6. Take tungsten-inert-gas arc welding as base welding，and manual are welding as full welding.
焊接时采用钨极惰性气体保护电弧焊打底，手工电弧焊盖面。
7. Pipe ends should be slightly expanded before and after welding.
焊接前后管头均要轻胀。
8．Reassemble man holes and other attachments after satisfied checking.
验收合格后，装复烟箱门及其他附件。