英语长难句分析
发型师学习网-全国英语三级成绩查询
The term is being applied ，with some
justification，to products that depend on
technology that
was originally developed by AI
researchers 。
这个术语现在以某种正当理由被应用，应用于依赖于由AI研究者发明的的科学技术的的产
品。
The expression provided an attractive but
informative name （for a research
programme）that后
的定语从句做的是name的限定补充（ that
encompassed such previously disparate field as
operations research ，cybernetics，logic and
computer science）
这个表达为研究项目提供了一个吸引人的却又多信息的名字，它
涉及了早前的无法比较的领
域像„„
a public reared on
science –fiction movies and excited by the growing
power of computers had
high expectations。
A public had high expectations
在科幻电影和快速增长的电脑技术的培养和刺激下的公众有
很高的期待。
For years
，AI researchers had implied that a breakthrough
was just around the corner
研究者曾经暗示突破指日可待。
Imply 暗示
Marvin minsky said in 1967 that
（within a generation）插入语 the problem of
creating“artificial
intelligence”would be
substantially solved。
MM在1967年说人工智能的发明将得到实质性的解决在这一代里。
Whenever
an apparently mundane 世俗的 problem was solved，such
as building a system that
could land an
aircraft unattended（无人看管），the problem was deemed
not to （deem to）have
been AI in the first
place。
The effect of repeatedly （再三的）moving
the goal-posts in this way was that AI came to
refer to
“blue sky”research that was still
years away from commercialization。这种不断拔高的研究目
标使
AI变成了一种纯理论的研究，离商业化越来越远。
HAL thus encapsulated
the optimism of the 1960s （比喻句）that intelligent
computers would be
widespread by 2001
HAL
集中体现了20世界60年代的乐观情绪，认为到了2001年智能计算机将会广泛应用。
In
the past，land （scoured away from the coastline by
the currents of the ms） used to be replaced
by
sediment brought down to the delta by the river
nile，but this is no longer happening。
过去，被ms的水
流从海岸线冲刷下来的土地通常被尼罗河带到三角洲的沉积物替换，但是
现在不可能发生了。
It appear that the sediment-free water
emerging from the Aswan dams picks up silt and
sand as（翻
译成在„„的同时） it erodes the river bed and
banks on the 800-KM trip to cairo。
看起来阿斯旺大坝的无沉
积物的水增加了泥沙，这种水侵蚀了河床和河岸，在整个800千米
的去往开罗的路程中。
The sediment sinks to the bottom of the canals
and then is added to field by farmers) or (pumped
With the water into the four large freshwater
lagoons that are located near the outer edges of
the
Delta.
沉积物沉积在canal的底部，然后有农民加入到田地里，或者和河水一起抽入到四个泻湖中。
municipal英[mju:'nisipl] 美[mju:'nisipl]
adj.
市政的，地方政府的
adj.
市政的，地方政府的
fertilizer
[U,C] 肥料
only
0.7%of them are expected（用作定语 预期要发生的） to disappear
只有预期的0.7%的
物种要灭绝
one form of pollution –the
release of greenhouse gases that causes global
warming –does appear
to be a phenomenon that
is going to extend well into our future
build
into
作为室内固定装置而建造, 嵌在墙上
使成为组成部分
roll
in
v.蜂拥而来 加入 进入
understandably
可以被了解的
argument英['ɑ:gjumənt] 美['ɑ:gjumənt]
n.
1.[C,U]争论，争吵，争辩，辩论
2.[C]论据，理由，论点
3.[U]辩论
overwhelmingly 压倒的 极其强烈的
nevertheless英[nevəðə'les] 美[nevəðə'les]
adv. conj.
虽然如此，然而，依然
adv. conj.
虽然如此，然而，依然
they nevertheless share many of
the characteristics of other lobby groups。
many of
adj....中有许多,...中许多
That
would matter（常用于否定句和疑问句）有关系，要紧）less（那就没什么关系） if
people
applied the same degree of skepticism
（怀疑态度 怀疑论）to environmental lobbying as they do
to lobby groups in other fields。
apply英[ə'plai] 美[ə'plai]
v. [T]
1.涂，敷；将...铺在表面(+to)
2.应用；实施(+to)
3.使起作用；使适用(+to)
4.把...用（于）(+to)
5.（后常接oneself）使致力（于），使专心从事(+to)
v. [I]
1.申请，请求(+forto)(+to-v)
2.起作用；适用(+to)
3.专心致志
4.有关系，相关联(+to)
seen as 被认为
argue for
支持,为支持„而辩论
支持,为支持„而辩论
A trade
organization arguing for ，say，weaker pollution
controls is instantly seen as
self-interested
.yet a green organization opposing such a
weakening is seen as altruistic ,even if an
impartial view of the controls in question
might suggest they are doing more harm than good.
Despite the intuition that something drastic
needs to be done about such a costly
problem，
economic analyses clearly show it will
be far more expensive to cut carbon dioxide
emissions
radically than to pay the costs of
adaptation to the increased temperature。
It may be costly to be overly optimistic ，but
more costly still to be too pessimistic
过于乐观可能会付出代价，但是太悲观也会付出代价。
Stanley tested 40
subjects（ from all walks of life ）for their
willingness to obey instructions （指
示 命令）（given
by a“leader”in a situation in which the subjects
might feel a personal distaste for
the actions
they were called upon to perform。
obey英[ə'bei]
美[ə'be]
v. [T]
1.服从；听从；执行；遵守
2.按照...行动
v.[I]
1.服从；听话
distaste英[dis'teist] 美[dis'teist]
n.
1.（对不好事物不太强烈的）厌恶，不喜欢
to simulate receiving
the shocks by emitting a spectrum of
（连续的）groans，screams and
writhings together
with an assortment（混合物） of statements and
expletives denouncing both the
experiment and
the
experimenter。去模拟受到电击通过一系列的呻吟，尖叫，和痛苦，痛斥
实验和实验者
assortment英[ə'sɔ:tmənt] 美[ə'sɔrtmənt]
n.
1.各类物品或同类各种物品的聚集，混合物
a spectrum of
连续的，连串的
连续的，连串的
expletive英[eks'pli:tiv] 美[eks'pli:tiv]
a. 填补的;多余的
n.咒骂，秽语
denounce英[di'nauns] 美[di'nauns]
v.[T]
1.痛斥，指责，公然抨击：
2.（如向警方或法庭）揭发，告发
3.正式通知废除(协定、契约、条约等)，声明„„无效：
v.[T]
1.痛斥，指责，公然抨击：
2.（如向警方或法庭）揭发，告发
3.正式通知废除(协定、契约、条约等)，声明„„无效：
writhe英[raið]
美[raið]
n. 翻腾,苦恼
vt. 扭曲,缠绕,翻腾
vi. 蠕动,扭动,翻滚,不安,苦恼
n. 翻腾,苦恼
vt.
扭曲,缠绕,翻腾
vi. 蠕动,扭动,翻滚,不安,苦恼
and to
administer（实施） whatever level of shock was called
for，as per the rule（（that） governing
（管理的）the
experimental situation of the
moment）不管他的层次去实施所要求的各个层次
的电击，按照每一个规则管理每种实验情况
unfolded
展开的
解开的
lunatic
lunatic英['lu:nətik] 美['lu:nətik]
n.
疯人，癫狂者，愚蠢的人
a.
疯癫的，愚蠢的，丧心病狂的，精神错乱的
n.
疯人，癫狂者，愚蠢的人
fringe英[frindʒ] 美[frindʒ]
n.
1.[C][usually sing.]【英】额前短垂发；刘海儿
2.[C]（某物的）穗，缘饰，流苏
3.[C]（沿...边缘的）一排（树木、房屋等）
4.[C]【英】（地区或群体的）边缘
5.[sing.][通常作the
fringe]（指群体、事情或活动）次要部分，外围
v.[T][usually
passive]形成...的边缘
n.
1.[C][usually
sing.]【英】额前短垂发；刘海儿
2.[C]（某物的）穗，缘饰，流苏
3.[C]（沿...边缘的）一排（树木、房屋等）
4.[C]【英】（地区或群体的）边缘
5.[sing.][通常作the
fringe]（指群体、事情或活动）次要部分，外围
v.[T][usually
passive]形成...的边缘
how can we possibly
account for this vast discrepancy between what
calm，rational，
knowledgeable people predict in
the comfort of their study and what
pressured，flustered ，but
cooperative
“teacher”actually do in the laboratory of real
life？
我们怎么解释这巨大的差异呢，冷静的，有理性的有知识的人从他们的研究中轻松的预计，
但有压力的，紧张不安的，却合作的“老师”在真实世界的实验室里做的呢？
A
modern hard-core sociobiogist might even go so far
as to（甚至） claim that this aggressive
instinct
evolved as an advantageous trait
一些专家甚至声称这些具有攻击性的本质行为是从
有利的特征中演化而来的，Having
been（现在分词作伴随状语其实就是have been） of survival
value
to our ancestors in their struggle „„
Finding
this way into our genetic make-up as a remnant of
our ancient animal ways
这种本能最终作为远古时人类动物的行为遗留产物融入到我们的基因当中了。
An
alternative to this notion of genetic programming
is to see the teacher –subjects actions as a
result of the social environment under which
the experiment was carried out。另一个观念关于基
因工程的是认为
教师扮演着是社会环境下的结果，而这种社会环境是在实验进行下的。
Thus，in this
explanation the subject merges his unique
personality and personal and moral code
with
that of larger institutional structure ，surrrnding
individual properties like loyalty，
self-
sacrifice and discipline to the service of
malevolent systems of authority。
The
problem for biologists，psychologists and
anthropologists is to sort out which of these two
polar explanations is more plausible。This ，in
essence，is the problem of modern sociobiology-to
discover the degree to which hard-wired
genetic programming dictates，or at least strongly
biases，
the interaction of animals and humans
with their environment，that is behavior。
分清这两个
极端的解释那个更可信，MS的问题时发现GP的可信的程度，或者至少是比较
强烈的偏见。
The question，whether we need it 是the
question的同位语，has not yet been considered。
Nobody who understands the subject would say
such a thing。
Here are such questions as are
of ten asked by the college students
He may
have a„„，in which case=in the case，he have„„ which
代表是he may have a „„
这句话，
他可能„„了，如果是这样，他不得不„„
before 在„„之前 在„„之后
yet still nevertheless表示但是
much as
引导让步状语从句 虽然 尽管 much as I’d like to，I can not come
。
whatever 无论什么 whichever 无论哪个
there
is no agreement whether同位语从句（ methodology
后面都指得是方法论 refers to谓语
宾语（the concepts
（peculiar to historical work in
general）做concept的后置定语）普遍的历
史作业的概念 or 并列宾语（to
the research techniques后置定语（ appropriate to the
various
branches of historical
inquiry。）适应于历史的要求的不同的分支的研究技巧
There is no
agreement whethe）
方法论是指普遍的历史作业的特有概念还是适应于历史的要求的
不同的分支的研究技巧还
是没有讨论。
Furthermore，it is
obvious that the strength of a country’s economy
is directly bound up with the
efficiency of
its agriculture and industry ,and that in turn
rests upon the efforts of scientists and
technologists of all kinds.
很明显的一个国家的经济强度直
接与它工农业的效率有联系，而工农业的效率关乎于各种科
学家和技术人员的努力
仔细讲和复习主语从句 同位语从句也需要好好学习
jet lag 时差综合症
winter blue 冬季抑郁症
it seemed almost
unbelievable but what appeared to be happening was
that the fault was actually
being lubricated
by the injection of the fluid。
这看起来几乎不可能，但是故障被液体的注入给润滑了渐渐的开始出现并且发生了。
主语从句很重要 要多看看
it is scarcely surprising
，then，that education systems have for several
decades past been severely
criticized，partly
on the ground 根据 that education prepares people to
live in an already outdated
society。
教育系统在
过去的十多年中保守批评，就不足以惊讶了，主要是教育培养人生活在过时的社
会中。
There are strong grounds for thinking that the
health of both individual and societies derived
from
what we are able to put into life，rather
than what we try to get out of it。
有强烈的根据这么认为，
个人的和社会的健康来源于我们能给我们的生活带来什么，而不是
我们能从中得到什么。
There will have to be 句型？
To 的用法
The announcement by boeing that it has
decided to scrap plans to build a futuristic，high-
speed
plane called the sonic cruiser brings an
end to one of the most imaginative –and some say
quixotic
–projects in recent aerospace
engineering。
波音公司宣布决定放弃这修建一个未来的告诉的名叫sC的计划，这一决定
把最重要的想象
弄完蛋了，有人说把这个想象曾为航空工程的Q计划
一个宗教组织
宣称外星人创造了人类通过克隆他们自己公然宣布第一个克隆人出生在周五，
但是很少有证据证明这种断
言。
后置定语也很重要 复习
过去分词做后置定语
how well
多大程度上
these new-executives are likely to cause
trouble in companies where longer-serving middle
managers，who have their time in a less-
privileged environments，resent感到愤怒 the
concessions 让步妥协 the recruits吸收新成员 are
winning。
这些新来的执行者很可能制造麻烦在这样的公司里，在公司里这些处在没什么核心权
力的环
境中的长期服务的中层经理憎恨那些新手赢得的特许权
that
summer，those who remained were found fleeing down
river to return home to England by
new
settlers with fresh supplies，who encouraged them
to reconsider。那些剩下来的人被发现逃
离河流回到了E的家
in
the Greek heritage of the west，myth has always
been in tension with reason，which signified
（象征预示着）the rational and analytic of arriving
at a true account of reality。
在西方古希腊的遗产中，
reason 有理性的意思
other issues that concern
the body politic，such as crime，poverty，and
welfare，are not easily
linked to public
support of research，save at the educational
level。Body politic 国家的意思
public support of
research 公共支持的科研 save有“expect”的意思 与国家关系密切的一些
问题
，诸如犯罪，贫穷，和福利，并不能很轻易的与公共支持的研究相提并论，除了那些教
育层面上的。
食物供应将不会增加到能够与之相符，这就意味着我们遭遇了产出和超市食物需求的危机
impede 妨碍 阻止
火箭在太空中运行的最好，在那没有大气会阻碍它们的运动
one is the
visible edge of the sun，which is a gaseous
“surface”限制性定语从句from which
visible light
photons（光子）freely emerge。
Attend service at
the cathedral 在教堂做礼拜
If the probe takes
，say，100 years to make a copy of itself，then the
average speed at which all
probes would spread
throughout the galaxy（星系）would be about 125 the
speed of light。
如果探测器需要，比如说，100年时间来生成自己的副本，那么所
有探测体传遍整个星系的
平均速度大约为光速的125
but such troubles
is confined mainly to the railways on which the
current is picked up from a third
rail rather
than from overhead conductors。
但是像这样的麻烦主要局限于铁路上，在这些铁路上气流从第三个铁轨获得而不是高架线
as brighter更明亮的 areas of the image eject
more electrons than darker or shaded portions，an
electronic image is produced in which varying
degrees of positive charge duplicate light
intensities seen in the scene being pictured。
在他们分析了这些岩石的时候，他们发现惊吓石英研磨银子
as land
developed，rain water and rivers dissolved salts
and other substances from rocks and
carried
them to the oceans，making the ocean salty。
随着陆
地的发展，雨水和河流溶解了从岩石中来的沙子和其他物质，并把他们带到海中，使
海水变咸了。美国人
的饮食持续反应了对动物产品相当大的依赖，超过对谷物的依赖，这意
味着一个养育美国人西药相当大的
土地。
Something further must be done 对于 the
amplified signals before they can be sent to the
transmitting antenna。
To 的用法
to1
介词 prep.
1.向,往,到
She lives in
the house to the right.
她住在右边的房子里。
This
road leads to Paris.
这条路通往巴黎。
2.(表示距离)离
3.(表示时间)直到,在...之前
He wrote from morning to
night.
他从早到晚写东西。
4.(表示程度、范围)到,达
He
was wet to the skin.
他浑身湿透了。
5.趋于;(变)成,(变)到
Things are going from bad
to worse.
情形每况愈下。
6.(表示位置)对,面对
7.(表示接近、接触)在,于,紧贴着
8.(表示对象)对,向
Excessive drinking did harm to his health.
过量饮酒损害了他的健康。
9.属于,归于
I've lost the
key to the house.
我把屋子的钥匙丢失了。
10.(表示比较、对比)比
This engine is superior to
that one.
这台发动机比那台要好。
11.(表示比例关系)每
12.对于,关于
What is
her attitude to the issue?
她对这个问题抱什么态度?
13.与...一致,按...
Modern paintings are not to
my taste.
现代画不合我的口味。
14.为了,用作
We sat
down to dinner at six.
我们六点钟坐下来吃饭。
15.致使
To her delight, she passed the examination.
使她高兴的是她考试及格了。
16.由于
副词 ad.
1.向前
2.(门等)关上
She pushed the door to.
她用力把门关上。
3.恢复意识
The girl came to
after a while.
过了一会儿那个女孩醒过来了。
4.(做)起来,着手
They fell to with great relish.
他们津津有味地吃了起来。
5.在近旁
to2
介词
prep.
1.(与原形动词一起构成不定式)
The
government offered to give us financial help.
政府提出在经济上给我们援助。
To gossip about others
isn't right.
说闲话是不对的。
2.(用来代替不定式或不定式短语,以免重复)
You can do it this
way if you care to.
如果你乐意的话,可以这样做。
t.o.
缩写词 abbr.
1.=turnover
T.O.
缩写词 abbr.
1.=Telephone Office 电话局
2.=turn
over【商】营业额
以下结果来自互联网网络释义
1.到，向，达到
大学四级英语词汇整理8[常青藤英语网]
to
prep.到，向，达到
http:...
2.到 往
小学英语词汇t-
英语听力-print-大耳...
to prep.到 往
http:...
查看百科释义 百度词典 未找到和您的关键词 属于,归于相匹配的词典解释.
关闭划词翻译
sometimes this fall，if all
goes well，a revolutionary new undersea vessel will
be lowered gently
into the waters of Monterey
bay for its maiden voyage
如果这个秋天进行的顺利的话，一个改革性的
新的水下管道将要安置搭配M河中，开始他
的处女航行。
Ageless 永恒的
Automated techniques （不定式做定语）？to measure these
characteristics and verify a person’s
identity
infallibly are attracting widespread attention（ in
these days of increased use of credit
cards
and e-mails。）时间状语
在信用卡和电子邮件越来越多的被使用的今天，用来测量这些特
征和确认人的身份的自动技
术吸引了广泛的关注。
Resolve 澄清 mars 火星
Inspire 引起
Whatever引导让步状语从句 its underlying
reasons，there is no doubt that much of the
pollution
caused could be controlled if only
companies，individuals and governments would make
more
efforts。
Where it is dry地点状语从句
so much of the time that 引导的结果状语从句与so呼应few
plants can live，the destructive waters have
their own way when 时间状语从句occasional rains
come。
在长期干旱以致于植物稀少的地方，偶尔降雨便会泛滥，造成灾害。
If 条件状语从句small hot spots look
as引导方式状语从句 expected，that will be a triuph for
yet another scientific idea，（同位语）a refinement
of the big bang called the inflationary universe
theory。
如果这些小的热点像期望的一样，他们将会„„，关于叫膨胀宇宙的理论的大爆炸的定义
refinement 改进 提炼
new forms of
thoughts as well as new subjects for thoughts must
arise in the future as they have in
the
past像过去一样，giving rise to standards of elegance。
同过去一样，将来必然会出现新的思维方式和新的思维对象，给完美以新的标准。
Elegance 完美的
The first two must be equal
for all who are being compared，if any comparison
in terms of
intelligence is to be made。
如果要从智力方面进行比较的话，那么对所有的被比较者来说，前两个因素必须是一样的。
Desired 预期的
The saddles鞍座 are either
further fixed so that the cables may slide over
them，or mounted on
rollers so that they move
with any movements of the cables。
鞍座是可以固定的，这样钢
缆可以在是它上面滑动，也可以安装在滚柱上，这样鞍座就会随
钢缆的移动而移动。
There must be device non-linearity in order
that such a phenomenon could be possible。
必须存在器件的非线性，这样的话这种现象才是可能有的 。
stray signals
杂散信号
you “jump on the bandwagon宣传车“ when you
decide to support a candidate because public
opinion studies show he is likely to win。
如果民意调查显示某个候选人很可能会取胜，因此你决定支持他，你就“跳上了宣传车“
terrific pressure 高压
the amount of
deformation is directly proportional to the
applied stress provided引导条件状语从
句 the force does
not exceed certain limit。
Government has
encouraged waste collection and sorting schemes
and at the same time，the paper
industry has
responded by developing new recycling technologies
that（that做定语从句中的主
语） have paved way for even
greater utilization of used fibre。充当new recycling
technologies
的定语 定语从句
政府鼓励废纸搜集和分类计划，同时呢，造纸
业也通过开发新回收技术作为回应，回收技术
为更大程度的利用已经使用过的纤维铺平了道路。
Offend 冒犯
Arguing from the view现在分词短语做状语
that humans are different from animals in every
relevant respect ，extremists of this kinds
think（ that animals lie outside the area of moral
choice。）宾语从句
这些人持极端看法，认为人与动物在各相关方面都不相同，对待动物无
须考虑道德问题。
Today’s hyper-growth organization物流业 compete
in global markets（ crowded with aggressive
new
competitors and non-traditional service
channels。）过去分词做后置定语修饰“markets“
如今的在快速发展
的物流业组织竞争在充满了野心勃勃的新的竞争者和非传统的服务渠道
的国际市场中，
for example，they do not compensate for gross
social inequality，and thus do not tell
（how引导
的宾语从句是一个带有虚拟条件句的主从复合句）how able an
underprivileged youngster
might have been had
he grown up=（if he had grown up） under more
favorable circumstances。
比如，他们不能弥补整个社会的不公平，因此，
他们不能说明一个物质条件差的年轻人，如
果在较好的环境中成长的话，会有多大才干。
？This will be particularly true since energy
pinch 能源缺乏will make it difficult to continue
agriculture in the high-energy American
fashion（in „„fashion用„„的方法，方式） that
makes it
possible to combine few farmers with high yields。
因为能源缺乏将导致继续农业在以高能源作业方式为主的美国变得困难，而每种美国典型的
作业
方式使得少量农民与高产量结合成为可能
thus, a regularity for
which（引导定语从句修饰redularity）there are general
theoretical grounds
（根据，理由） will be more
readily called（有被认为的意思） a natural law than an
empirical
regularity that cannot be
subsumed（把„„归入纳入） under more general laws or
theories。
因此，与一条不能被归入更普遍的法则或理论而是基于经验的规律相比，一条具有
普遍理论
依据支持的规律很可能被认可为一条自然法则。
Exceptional
children残疾儿童 are different in some significant way
from others of the same age
for为了 these
children to develop to their adult potential，their
education must be adapted to those
differences。
残疾孩子在某些方面和同龄的孩子不同，为了孩子发展他们的成人
潜能，他们的教育也必须
适应这些不同。
It was the desire to be
scholarly（博学多才） that brought about a wave of latin
terms which
appeared in the 16
th
century when the humanist movement（人文主义运动） brought
new impetus
（动力促进） to learning throughout
Europe。
这种渴望变得学术的欲望带来了一股拉丁术语，他们出现在16世纪，那个时候人文主
义运
动促进了全欧洲的学术运动。
Despite the saying that
one never knows if lightning（闪电） strikes him，a
person can sometimes
feel the bolt（闪电） coming
and if quick enough，take protective action in
time。
尽管据说一个人从来都不知道是否闪电会击中他，人有时候会感觉到闪电来了，如果足够快
的话，可以及时采取保护措施。
For many the day seemed an
adventure，a long outing in the late summer
sun—part liberation
from home，part Sunday
school picnic，part political convention，and part
fish fry。
对于许多人来说，这一天像冒险活动，在盛夏和阳光下长时间等着，有的是从家里
出来轻松
的，有的是学校周日野炊，有的是政治会议，有的烤鱼吃。
But，for a small group of students，professional
training might be the way to go since
well-
developed skills，（all other factors being
equal插入语），can be the difference between
having
a job and not。
But，for a small group of
students，professional training might be the way to
go since
但是，对于一个小部分学生来说，职业教育也是条可取的路径，因为在其他因素相
同的情况
下，技能的娴熟是得到工作与否的关键。
for a small
group of students，professional training might be
the way to go since well-developed
skills can
be the difference between having a job and not，all
other factors being equal。
And by the help of
further reasoning，which if drawn out would have
been exhibited in two or
three other
syllogism，you arrive at your final determination，I
will not have that apple。