施心远主编《听力教程》3_(第2版)_unit_2答案.doc分析解析
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施心远主编 《听力教程》3 (第2版) 答案
UNIT 2
Section One Tactics for listening
Part 1
Sport Dictation
My Mother
My mother
was an efficient (1) taskmaster who cooked,
cleaned and
shopped for nine people (2) on a
daily basis. She was a disciplinarian* who would
(3) make us seven kids walk up and down the
stairs a hundred times if we
clumped like
(4)field hands to-dinner. She also enlisted us to
help her in the day's
(5) chores.
My
mother believed that each of her children had a
special (6) knack that
made him or her
invaluable on certain (7) missions. My brother
Mike, for
example, was believed to have
especially (8) keen eyesight. He was hoisted up as
a human (9) telescope whenever she needed to
see something (10) far away. John
was the
climber when a kite (11) got caught. My own job
was navigator for our
(12) gigantic old
Chrysler.
But my mother's (13) ability to get
work done well was only (14) one side.
She
also had an (15) imagination that carried her in
different directions, that (16)
allowed her to
transcend her everyday life. She did not (17)
believe in magic as
portrayed on a stage, but
(18) valued instead the sound of a metal bucket
being
(19) filled by a hose, or
the persistence of a dandelion at the (20) edge of
a
woodpile.
Part 2 Listening
for Gist
For hundreds of years man has been
fascinated by the idea of flying. One of
the
first men to produce designs for aircraft was
Leonardo da Vinci, an Italian
artist who lived
in the fifteenth century. However, it was not
until the eighteenth
century that people began
to fly, or perhaps it would be better to say
float, across
the countryside in balloons. The
first hot-air balloon was made in April 1783 by
the Montgolfier brothers in France.
In
the following years many flights were made by
balloon. Some of the
flights were for pleasure
and others were for delivering mail and for
military
purposes, such as observation and
even bombing. However, in the late nineteenth
century, airships superseded balloons as a
form of transport.
Airships came after
balloons. The first powered and manned flight was
made by a Frenchman, Giffard, in September
1852. His airship, powered by
steam, traveled
twenty-seven kilometers from Paris to Trappes at a
speed of eight
kilometers per hour. However
the days of the airship were numbered as the aero
plane became increasingly safe and popular.
Exercise
Directions:
Listen to the passage and write down the gist and
the key words that
help you decide.
1. This passage is about the early history of
flying.
2. The key words are designs, an
Italian artist, fifteenth century, eighteenth
century, fly, float, balloons, hot-air
balloon, April 1783, airships, September
1852,
aeroplane.
Section Two Listening
Comprehension
Part 1 Dialogue
Buying
a Car
A: Good morning, can I help
you?
B: Yes, I'm interested in buying a car.
A: Have you anything in mind?
B: Not
really.
A: What price are you
thinking
of?
B: Not more than £13,500.
A: Let's
see now ... Over there between the Lancia and the
Volvo is a Mini. It
costs £12,830
and is cheap to run: It does 38 miles per gallon.
Or there's the
Citroen, behind the Mini. It
costs £12,070 and is even cheaper to run than the
Mini: It does 45 miles per gallon. It's not
very fast though. It only does 69
miles per
hour.
B: No, I think the Mini and the Citroen
are too small. I've got three children.
Isn't
there anything bigger at that price?
A: Well,
there's the Toyota over there, to the left of the
Peugeot. It's very
comfortable and costs
£13,040. It's cheap to run too, and it also has a
built-in
radio. Or there's the Renault at the
back of the showroom, behind the
Peugeot. It
costs a little more, £13,240, but it is cheaper to
run. It does 40
miles per gallon and the
Toyota only does 36 miles per gallon.
B: What
about that Volkswagen over there, in front of the
Toyota?
A: That costs a little more than
£13,500 but it's a very reliable car. It's more
expensive to run than the others: It does 34
miles per gallon, but it's faster.
Its top
speed is 90 miles per hour. The Toyota's is 80
miles per hour and the
Renault's is 82 miles
per hour.
B: How much does it cost?
A:
£13,630 and that includes a 5-year
guarantee.
B: And the Fiat next to the
Volkswagen?
A: Again that's more than £13,500, but it's
cheaper than the Volkswagen. It costs
£13,550.
B: Hmm well, I'll have to think
about it and study these pamphlets. How much is
that Peugeot incidentally, behind the Lancia?
A: Oh, that's expensive. It costs £15,190.
B: Yes, that is a bit too much. Thank you very
much for your help. Goodbye.
R
£13.240
40mg
82mh
T
£13,040
36mg
80mh
P
£15,190
C
£12,070
45mg
69mh
VW
M
F
£13,550
£13,630
34mg
90mh
L
£12,830
£16,240
38mg
£15,850
V
Part 2 Passage
The Wrights’ Story
1. On the morning of
December 17, 1903, between 10:30 a.m. and noon,
four
flights were made, two by Orville Wright
and two by Wilbur Wright.
2. Under the
direction of the operator it climbed upward on an
inclined course
till a height of 8 or 10 feet
from the ground was reached.
3. Into the
teeth of a December gale the
speed of 10 miles
an hour over the ground and 30 to 35 miles an hour
through
the air.
4. The height chosen was
sufficient for maneuvering in so gusty a wind and
with
no previous acquaintance with the conduct
of the machine and its controlling
mechanisms.
5 .In attempting to bring the machine down to
the desired height, the operator
turned the
rudder too far, and the machine turned downward
more quickly than
had been expected.
On the morning of December 17, 1903, between
10:30 a.m. and noon, four
flights were made,
two by Orville Wright and two by Wilbur Wright.
The starts
were all made from a point on the
level sand about 200 feet west of our camp,
which is located a quarter of a mile north of
the Kill Devil sand hill, in Dare
County,
North Carolina.
The wind at the time of the
flights had a velocity* of 27 miles an hour at 10
a.m., and 24 miles an hour at
noon, as recorded by the anemometer* at the Kitty
Hawk Weather Bureau Station.
The flights
were directly against the wind. Each time the
machine started
from the level ground by its
own power alone with no assistance from gravity or
any other source whatever.
After a run of
about 40 feet along a monorail* track, which held
the
machine 8 inches (20 centimeters) from the
ground, it rose from the track and
under the
direction of the operator climbed upward on an
inclined course till a
height of 8 or 10 feet
from the ground was reached, after which the
course was
kept as near horizontal as the wind
gusts and the limited skill of the operator
would permit.
Into the teeth of a
December gale the
speed of 10 miles an hour
over the ground and 30 to 35 miles an hour through
the
air.
It had previously been decided
that for reasons of personal safety these first
trials should be made as close to the ground
as possible. The height chosen was
sufficient
for maneuvering* in so gusty a wind and with no
previous
acquaintance with the conduct of the
machine and its controlling mechanisms.
Consequently the first flight was short.
The succeeding flights rapidly increased in
length and at the fourth trial a
flight of 59
seconds was made, in which time the machine flew a
little more than
half a mile through the air
and a distance of 852 feet over the ground.
The landing was due to a slight
error of judgment on the part of the aviator.
After passing over a little hummock* of sand,
in attempting to bring the machine
down to the
desired height, the operator turned the rudder*
too far, and the
machine turned downward more
quickly than had been expected. The reverse
movement of the rudder was a fraction of a
second too late to prevent the
machine from
touching the ground and thus ending the flight.
As winter was already well set in, we should
have postponed the trials to a more
favorable
season, but we were determined to know whether the
machine
possessed sufficient power to fly,
sufficient strength to withstand the shocks of
landings and sufficient capacity of control to
make flight safe in boisterous*
winds, as well
as in calm air.
Exercise A Pre-listening
Question
Orville Wright (1871-1948), American
aeronautical engineer, famous for his
role in
the first controlled, powered flight in a heavier-
than-air machine and for
his participation in
the design of the aircraft's control system.
Wright worked
closely with his brother, Wilbur
Wright (1867-1912), American aeronautical
engineer, in designing and flying the Wright
airplane.
During the years 1900, 1901, 1902,
and 1903, the two brothers developed the first
effective airplane. At Kitty Hawk, North
Carolina, on December 17, 1903,
Orville Wright
made the first successful flight of a piloted,
heavier-than-air,
self-propelled craft, called
the Flyer. The third Flyer, which the Wrights
constructed in 1905, was the
world's first fully practical airplane. It could
bank,
turn, circle, make figure eights, and
remain in the air for as long as the fuel
lasted, up to half an hour on occasion.
Exercise B Sentence Dictation
Directions:
Listen to some sentences and write them down. You
will hear each
sentence three times.
Exercise C Detailed Listening
Directions:
Listen to the passage and answer the following
questions.
1. Four flights were made on
the morning of December 17, 1903, two by Orville
Wright and two by Wilbur Wright.
2. The
wind at the time of the flights had a velocity of
27 miles an hour at 10
a.m., and 24 miles an
hour at noon, as recorded by the anemometer at the
Kitty Hawk Weather Bureau Station.
3.
Each time the machine started from the level
ground by its own power alone
with no
assistance from gravity or any other source
whatever.
4. The machine ran about 40 feet
along a monorail track before it rose from the
track.
5. These first trials should be
made as close to the ground as possible for
reasons
of personal safety.
6. The machine flew a little more than half a
mile through the air in 59 seconds
at the
fourth trial.
7. The early landing was due to
a slight error of judgment on the part of the
aviator.
8. As winter was already well
set in, it was not a favorable season for the
trials.
Exercise D After-listening
Discussion
Directions: Listen to the passage
again and discuss the following questions.
1.
Because they wanted to know whether the machine
possessed sufficient power
to fly, sufficient
strength to withstand the shocks of landings and
sufficient
capacity of control to make flight
safe in boisterous winds as well as in calm
air.
2. (Open)
Section Three News
News Item 1
World Basketball Championship
The
semifinal round of the World Basketball
Championship tournament
is later today
(Saturday) in the mid-western (US) state of
Indiana.
Argentina is the only
undefeated team at the tournament. The South
Americans have outscored their opponents by an
average of 19 points per game.
On Wednesday,
Argentina shocked the host United States (87-80)
to snap a
58-game international winning
streak* by professional squads of the National
Basketball Association players.
Argentina
also defeated Brazil (78-67) to reach the
semifinal round where
the team will face
Germany. Primarily using European experienced
players,
Argentina defeated Germany earlier in
the second round, 86-77.
Defending champion
Yugoslavia, which ousted the United States (81-78)
in
the quarterfinals, plays upstart* New
Zealand. But Yugoslav head coach
Svetislav
Pesic says he is not surprised.
The losers of
each game will play for the third place on Sunday
before the
championship game.
Exercise A
Directions: Listen to the news
item and complete the summary.
This news item
is about the semifinal round of the World
Basketball
Championship tournament.
Exercise B
Directions: Listen to the news
again and complete the following sentences.
1.
In the second round Argentina defeated Germany
86-77.
2. Argentina also defeated
Brazil to reach the seminal round.
3. Before
the semifinal round Argentina is the only
undefeated team at the
tournament.
4.
Defending champion Yugoslavia, which ousted the
United States in the
quarterfinals, plays
against New Zealand.
5. The four teams that
will play in the semifinals are Argentina,
Germany,
Yugoslavia and New Zealand.
6.
The losers of each game will play for the third
place before the
championship game.
News Item 2
European Football
English
football club Liverpool crashed out of the
Champions League,
despite fighting back from a
3-0 deficit to tie FC Basel 3-3 in Switzerland.
Liverpool needed a win Tuesday to qualify for
the second phase. Instead, the
English club
will play for the UEFA Cup. Basel became the first
Swiss side ever
to reach the last 16 of the
Champions League, qualifying second in Group
B· behind Valencia of Spain, which beat
Spartak Moscow 3-0.
English champion Arsenal
played to a scoreless home draw against
Dutch-
side PSV Eindhoven to top Group A and move into
the second phase,
where the team will be
seeded. They'll be joined by German team Borussia
Dortmund*, which advanced despite
a 1-0 loss to Auxerre in France.
AS Roma
played to a 1-1 draw against AEK Athens in Italy,
to capture
second place in Group C. Group
winner Real Madrid of Spain will also advance,
after drawing 1-1 with Racing Genk* in
Belgium.
In Group D, Inter Milan of Italy got
a pair of goals from Hernan Crespo to
beat
Ajax Amsterdam 2-1 in the Netherlands. Both teams
qualified at the
expense of French side Lyon,
which was held to a 1-1 draw by Rosenborg in
Norway.
Exercise A
Directions:
Listen to the news item and complete the summary.
This news item is about European football
matches.
Exercise B
Directions:
Listen to the news again and decide whether the
following
statements are true (T) or false
(F).
1.T 2.F 3.F 4.T 5.T 6.F 7.T
News Item 3
Kemper Open Gulf Preview
The annual Kemper Open* golf tournament gets
underway Thursday
near Washington
at the Tournament Players Club at Avenel.
Twenty-eight-year-old American Rich Beem is
back to defend his title.
Before his victory
here, he had missed the halfway cuts in five
straight
tournaments. He hopes he can again
find his form during the next four days, as
he
is currently 132nd on the money list.
The
player who is number-one on golf's money list and
in the world
rankings, American Tiger Woods,
decided to skip this event after winning
the
rain-delayed Memorial Open in (Dublin) Ohio on
Monday.
Compatriot* Jeff Sluman says even
Tiger has to take periodic breaks.
He's
unbelievable. He's got an opportunity, as I said
even a couple years
ago, if he stays healthy
and does the right things, he can maybe be the
best golfer
of all time, and he's showing
right now what he can do. The kid is just a
fabulous,
fabulous player, but he can't play
every week.
Eight of the past 10 Kemper Open
winners are in this year's field of 156
golfers, who are vying for three million
dollars in prize money. The first-place
check
has been increased from 450 thousand to 540
thousand dollars.
Exercise A
Directions: Listen to the news item and
complete the summary.
This news item is about
an annual Kemper Open golf tournament on Thursday.
Exercise B
Directions:
Listen to the news again and answer the following
questions.
1. The Kemper Open golf
tournament will be held on Thursday.
2. Rich
Beem comes back to defend his title.
3. He is
currently ranked 132nd on the money list.
4.
Tiger Woods is number-one on golf's money list and
in the world rankings.
5. He has to take a
break after a match on Monday.
6. There are
156 golfers taking part in this event.
7. The
total prize money is three million dollars.
8. The prize for the first place is 540
thousand dollars
Section Four
Supplementary Exercise
Part 1 Feature Report
US Men’s National Collegiate Basketball
Tournament
The widely followed US men's
national collegiate basketball tournament
concludes tonight (9 p.m. EST) in Atlanta with
a championship match-up*
between Maryland and
Indiana.
Maryland is in the championship game
for the first time in the school history. To
get here, the Maryland Terrapins had to beat
three teams with great basketball
traditions:
Kentucky, Connecticut and Kansas.
Now they face another, Indiana. while Maryland
was one of the four top seeds
in this 65-team
tournament, the Indiana Hoosiers* were a fifth
seed, and
virtually no one expected them to
reach the title game*. But they knocked off
defending champion Duke in the third round,
and in the semifinals they upset
Oklahoma.
Maryland coach Gary Williams knows it will
take a solid effort to win.
team that's
gotten to where Indiana has gotten, you don't look
at their
record. You look at how they're
playing now, how they play. Any time a team
plays team defense like they do, they have a
chance to beat anybody. That's what
concerns
me the most, their ability to play together as a
unit, because a lot of
times you can play with
anybody when you play that close together like
they do.
Indiana has 27 wins and 11 defeats
this season. The last time a team won the
national championship with as many as 11
losses was Kansas in 1988. Maryland
has a
school record of 31 wins against only 4 losses. It
has three seniors in the
starting line-up* who
reached the semifinals last year, and they are
determined
that this time they will take home
the school's first men's national basketball
championship.
Exercise A
Directions: Listen to the news report and
complete the summary.
This news report is
about two teams that will compete for the
championship of
US men's national collegiate
basketball tournament.
Exercises B
Directions: Listen to the
news again and complete the following sentences.
1. Maryland moves in the championship game for
the first time in the school
history.
2.
The Maryland Terrapins had to beat three teams
with great basketball
traditions before it
reached the title game.
3. Among the 65
teams, the Indiana team was a fifth seed.
4.
Indiana has 27 wins and 11 defeats this season.
5. Last year the Maryland Terrapins reached
the semifinals.
6. In 1988, the team who won
the national championship with as many as 11
losses was Kansas.
Part 2 Passage
Who on Earth Invented the Airplane?
1. He
would keep his dirigible tied to a gas lamp post
in front of his Paris
apartment and during the
day he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends.
2. Since his was the first public flight in
the world, he was hailed as the
inventor of
the airplane all over Europe.
3. But to bring
up the Wright brothers with a Brazilian is bound
to elicit an
avalanche of arguments as to why
their flight didn't count.
4. His flight did
meet the criteria: He took off unassisted,
publicly flew a
predetermined
length and then landed safely.
5. By the time
the Brazilian got around to his maiden flight the
Wright
brothers had already flown numerous
times, including one flight in
which they flew
39 kilometers.
Ask anyone in Brazil
who invented the airplane, and they will say
Alberto
Santos-Dumont, a bon vivant as well-
known for his aerial prowess as he was
for his
dandyish* dress and place in the high-society life
of Belle Epoque Paris.
As Paul Hoffman
recounts in his biography Wings of Madness, the
eccentric* Brazilian was the only person in
his day to own a flying machine.
apartment at the Champs Elysees, and every
night he would fly to Maxim's for
dinner.
During the day he'd fly to go shopping or to visit
friends,
said.
It was on November 12,
1906, when Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like
contraption* with boxy wings called the 14-Bis
some 220 meters on the
outskirts of Paris.
Since his was the first public flight in the
world, he was
hailed as the inventor of the
airplane all over Europe.
It was only later
that Orville and Wilbur Wright proved they had
beaten
Santos-Dumont at Kitty Hawk, North
Carolina, three years earlier.
But to bring
up the Wright brothers with a Brazilian is bound
to elicit* an
avalanche of
arguments as to why their flight didn't count.
driver in Rio de Janeiro.
The
debate centers on the definition of flight.
Henrique Lins de Barros, a Brazilian physicist
and Santos-Dumont expert,
argues that the
Wright brothers' flight did not fulfill the
conditions that had
been set up at the time to
distinguish a true flight from a prolonged hop.
Santos-Dumont's flight did meet the criteria:
He took off unassisted,
publicly flew a
predetermined length and then landed safely.
the Wright brothers simply did not fill
any of the prerequisites,
Barros.
Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched
their Flyer in 1903 with a
catapult or at an
incline, disqualifying it from being a true
airplane.
Even Santos-Dumont experts like
Lins de Barros concede* this is wrong.
He says
that the steady winds at Kitty Hawk were crucial
for the Flyer's
takeoff, disqualifying the
flight because it probably could not lift off on
its
own.
Peter Jakab, chairman of the
aeronautics division at the US National Air
and Space Museum in Washington, says such
claims are preposterous*.
By the time Santos-
Dumont got around to his maiden flight the Wright
brothers had already flown
numerous times, including one flight in which they
flew 39 kilometers.
Even in France the
Wrights are considered to have flown before
Santos-Dumont, says Claude Carlier, director
of the French Center for the
History of
Aeronautics and Space.
By rounding the Eiffel
Tower in a motorized dirigible in .190 I,
Santos-Dumont helped prove that air travel
could be controlled.
Exercise A Pre-listening Question
Alberto
Santos-Dumont was a wealthy Brazilian aviation
pioneer who came to
Paris, France, at the age
of 18 to live and study. He attempted his first
balloon
ascent in 1897 and had his first
successful ascent in 1898. He began to construct
dirigible airships powered with gasoline-
powered engines in 1898 and built and
flew
fourteen of the small dirigibles. In 1901, he flew
his hydrogen-filled airship
from St. Cloud,
around the Eiffel Tower, and back to St. Cloud. It
was the first
such flight and won him the
Deutsch Prize and a prize from the Brazilian
government. In 1902, he attempted to cross the
Mediterranean in an airship but
crashed into
the sea. In 1909, he produced his
monoplane,
the precursor to the modern light plane.
Exercise B Sentence Dictation
Directions:
Listen to some sentences and write them down. You
will hear
each sentence three
times.
Exercise C Detailed Listening
Directions: Listen to the passage and decide
whether the following statements are
true (T)
or false (F). Discuss with your classmates why you
think the statement is
true or false.
-T-
1. The Brazilians believe that it was Alberto
Santos-Dumont who
invented the airplane.
(Ask anyone in Brazil who invented the
airplane, and they will say Alberto
Santos-
Dumont ... )
-T- 2. In Paul Hoffman's
day Alberto Santos-Dumont was the only person to
own a flying machine.
(As Paul Hoffman
recounts in his biography Wings of Madness, the
eccentric
Brazilian was the only person in his
day to own a flying machine.)
-T- 3.
According to Hoffman, Alberto Santos-Dumont used
his dirigible as a
means of transportation.
(He would keep his dirigible tied to a gas
lamp post in front of his Paris
apartment at
the Champs Elysees, and he would fly to Maxim's
for
dinner every night and he'd fly to go
shopping or to visit friends during
the day.)
-F 4. On November 12, 1906, Santos-Dumont flew
a kite-like device with boxy
wings some 200
meters on the outskirts of Paris.
(It was on November 12, 1906, when Santos-
Dumont flew a kite-like
contraption with boxy
wings called the 14-Bis some 220 meters on the
outskirts of Paris.)
-T- 5. Some
Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their
Flyer in 1903
with assistance by a device.
(Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched
their Flyer in 1903 with a
catapult or at an
incline, disqualifying it from being a true
airplane.)
-T- 6. Some experts believe steady
wind might have helped the Flyer's takeoff.
(Even Santos-Dumont experts like Lins de
Barros ... , Lins de Barros
says that the
steady winds at Kitty Hawk were crucial for the
Flyer's
takeoff, disqualifying the flight
because it probably could not lift off on
its
own.)
-F 7. Officials from the US National
Air Force say such claims are
groundless.
(Peter Jakab, chairman of the aeronautics
division at the US National Air
and Space
Museum in Washington, says such claims are
preposterous.)
-T- 8. The Wrights had
already made several successful flights before
Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight.
(By the time Santos-Dumont got around to his
maiden flight the Wright
brothers had already
flown numerous times, including one flight in
which they flew 39 kilometers.)
Exercise
D After-listening Discussion
Directions: Listen to the passage again and
discuss the following questions.
1. By
rounding the Eiffel Tower in a motorized dirigible
in 1901, Santos-Dumont
helped prove that air
travel could be controlled.
2. (Open)