2017年11月杨浦区高三期中考试-(含答案)
汉语言文学论文-广东省高考成绩查询
杨浦区2017学年度第一学期高三期中质量调研
英语学科试卷
2017.11
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you
will hear ten short conversations between two
speakers.
At the end of each conversation, a
question will be asked about what was said. The
conversations and the questions will be spoken
only once. After you hear a
conversation and
the question about it, read the four possible
answers on your paper,
and decide which one is
the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. At 7:45. B. At 7:55. C. At
8:15. D. At 8:30.
2. A. She doesn’t return
the book on time.
B. She hasn’t finished the
book on coffee.
C. She can’t spell the name of
the book.
D. She damages the previously
borrowed book.
3. A. In a hotel. B. In a
ward. C. In a museum. D. In a bank.
4. A.
How she can afford the tuition.
B. Which major
she should choose
C. Whether the university is
a good one.
D. Where she can meet world-famous
scholars.
5. A. Traveller and tour guide.
B. Customer and house agent.
C. shopper and
shop assistant. D. Visitor and receptionist.
6. A. He made hand-made chocolate for Alex.
B. He decorated his cup with strawberries.
C. He made cupcakes with strawberries on
them.
D. He decorated the strawberry cake with
chocolate.
7. A. The main source of ocean
garbage is plastic.
B. The way the water moves
causes ocean pollution.
C. The article is
about how to collect ocean garbage.
D. Tiny
pieces of garbage can be ignored in the big ocean.
8. A. The price of electric cars. B. The
battery capacity of electric cars.
C. The
disadvantage of electric cars. D. The popularity
of electric cars.
9. A. People are not allowed
to take dried fruit through the Customs.
B.
The rapid growth of non-native plants may affect
economy.
C. The fast spread of bacteria on
plants by invasive species.
D. The local
ecosystem may be damaged by invasive species.
10. A. Their air-conditioner is out of order.
B. The delivery service is too slow.
C.
The woman likes online shopping.
D. Fast
Internet connection costs much money.
Section B
Directions: In Section B,
you will hear several longer conversation(s) and
short
passage(s), and you will be asked
several questions on each of the conversation(s)
and
the passage(s). The conversation(s) and
the passage(s) will be read twice, but the
questions will be spoken only once. When you
hear a question, read the four possible
answers on your paper and decide which one is
the best answer to the question you
have
heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on
the following passage.
11. A. The UK’s Houses
of Parliament was being repaired.
B. The
repair workers’ hearing needed to be protected.
C. The clock was so old that it gained several
minutes.
D. The Parliament suggested its being
switched off.
12. A. People held a debate on
the four-year timescale.
B. Many people stood
in the way to stop the traffic.
C. Most
natives cried but tourists cheered and applauded.
D. People recorded the historical moment with
cell-phones.
13. A. It will never ring again
until 2021.
B. It is in the hall of the Houses
of Parliament.
C. People can still hear its
chimes on the New Year’s Eve.
D. People can
hear its chimes anywhere in London.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the
following passage.
14. A. Spend 9.9yuan online
buying the first book.
B. Borrow no more than
ten books at a time.
C. Pay a deposit of
99yuan on the app.
D. Return the books within
90days.
15. A. Readers can return the books to
any of the 10 Xinhua Bookstores.
B. Readers
can buy the borrowed books without going to the
stores.
C. Readers can keep the books for a
much longer time.
D. Readers can share their
book reviews on the app.
16. A. 0.5 yuan. B.
1.2 yuan. C. 1.9 yuan. D. 7.5 yuan.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the
following conversation.
17. A. Tomorrow. B.
This Saturday. C. Next Monday. D. In two weeks.
18. A. Review what she has learned in every
chapter and test herself.
B. Focus on the
class notes for an entire day without breaks.
C. Copy top students’ notes and read them
carefully.
D. Memorize all the information
within one night.
19. A. Quiz each other and
loser pay the bill.
B. Study together and
enjoy lunch together.
C. Have lunch and go to
see a movie.
D. Solve some urgent problems
first.
20. A. Put stress on herself to get
motivated.
B. Go to sleep early to ensure a
good rest.
C. Take every opportunity to
learn new knowledge.
D. Review the materials
and cram for (突击准备) the test.
II. Grammar
and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After
reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to
make the passage
coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in
each
blank with the proper form of the given
word; for the other blanks, use one word that
best fits each blank.
It’s that time
of the year again: school has started in full
swing, homework is
piling up and you realize
that you can't possibly wait for some next year.
“I need a holiday,” you (21)______ be
thinking.
But wait -- is it a holiday that you
truly need? When we think of holidays, we
think of traveling, beach, fun and adventure.
But the reality is, we spend most of our
holidays on our personal devices. Smartphones
have taken the world by storm,
(22)______(influence) the manner we interact
with each other. Does this sound like
you? If
so, it sounds like you need a digital detox
(数码产品解毒期).
(23)______ it may seem that sending
a quick text message or uploading a photo
to
WeChat (24)______(take) a little time, these
things eventually add up without us
even
knowing it.
It was discovered in a study
(25)______(conduct) on that 90
percent of
Britons spend more than four hours a day using the
electronic devices
while they are on holiday.
Whether to give yourself a digital detox is a
difficult
decision (26)______(make). To help
you along, it is probably a good idea to choose a
remote area, somewhere close to nature,
(27)______ you can truly relax yourself, and
most importantly, not (28)______(tempt) to
switch on your smartphone.
Taking a tech-free
holiday would be a good time to pick up something
new,
(29)______ return to hobbies which never
had a time (30)______. You could sketch
the
view of the coast, or take photos with your old
film camera. If you're going with
friends or
family, perhaps bring along some board games to
spend time rebuilding
tired relationships.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each
blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each
word
can be used only once. Note that there is
one word more than you need.
A. addiction B.
downward C. access D. unfair E. urged F.
essential
G. analytical H. forced I.
reliance J. criticized K. fall
A
pen has always been a(n) (31)______ tool when it
comes to taking exams.
However, in this
digital age, this traditional tool may become a
thing of the past.
Cambridge University in
Britain is considering ending 800 years of written
exams
and allowing students to use laptops or
iPads to take exams instead.
The move
comes after Cambridge teachers complained that
students’ handwriting
is becoming too hard to
recognize. The (32)______ in being able to write
neatly could
largely be down to the (33)______
on laptops in lectures and elsewhere.
“There
has definitely been a(n) (34)______ trend. It is
difficult for both the
students and the
examiners as it is harder and harder to read these
scripts,” Sarah
Pearsall, a senior lecturer at
the university, told The Telegraph.
As a
result, more and more students with poor
handwriting are being (35)______
to return to
university during the summer holidays to read
their answers aloud to
university
administrators.
However, some (36)______ the
move, fearing the handwritten word would
become a lost art.
Tracey Trussell, a
handwriting expert at the British Institute of
Graphologists,
(37)______ Cambridge to “make
sure that students continue to write by hand,
particularly in lectures”. She told The
Telegraph that writing by hand could help
students improve their memory and understand
lessons better.
Meanwhile, there are also
concerns that primary and secondary schools could
follow Cambridge’s example.
In fact, a
similar plan was carried out for some first- and
second-year students at
Edinburgh University
in the UK in 2011, reported The Scotsman. Senior
officials at
the university believed it was
(38)______ to expect students to use pens and
paper
during exams when most of their
coursework was done using computers.
The move
also echoes the opinions of Harvard professor Eric
Mazur, known as
the father of the “flipped
classroom”.
He believes that the rise of
mobile internet (39)______ means that we live in
an
age in which we don’t need to memorize
anything.
As a result, he encourages students
to bring their laptops and mobile phones into
exams. With these devices, students can “look
up whatever they want, whenever they
want” and
be tested on their creative and (40)______ skills,
rather than the ability to
remember
information, he said during the Times Higher
Education World Academic
Summit in September.
III. Reading Comprehension
section A
(15分)
Directions: For each blank in the
following passages there are four words or phrases
marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with
the word or phrase that best fits the
context.
There was once a time that I would only
do what I knew was comfortable for me.
Stuck
in a continuous cycle of repetitive choices, I
knew what was ___41___ when it
came to making
decisions. I knew what wouldn’t ___42___ me too
much, what would
keep me glued to the floor of
where I already was. ___43___, little did I
realize at the
time that this was not the
right path for me.
After living the same type
of life for so long, I decided that there was more
for
me. Although it was uncomfortable at
first, I pushed myself to get ___44___ in things
that I wouldn’t normally do. I decided
to open up and talk to other people that I didn’t
think I would have the ___45___ to show my
face to, and I started to share more
about
myself with others that already knew me. By doing
these things, I ___46___ to
find more parts of
life to open myself up to.
A quote said “life
begins at the end of your comfort zone.” Reading
the quote
made me realize that I was stuck in
a life that I wasn’t truly mine. I was bound by
chains that made me ___47___ to experience
life, so I always keep it as a reminder to
myself to go beyond my ___48___.
There are
a few days you can begin to push past your comfort
zone. First, make a
bucket list. All you need
to do is write down a list of things that you want
to
___49___ in your lifetime, but make sure
you do them. A bucket list isn’t useful
unless
you are ___50___ going to try and achieve it.
Secondly, if you want, ask someone to tag
along (跟随).If you have a friend who
is also
interested in experiencing more of their life then
you can join ___51___ and
work together. That
way, you can push each other to actually go out
and experience.
Finally, ___52___ yourself.
Make yourself a promise that if you check
something
off your bucket list then you will
do something nice for yourself. Maybe you have
always been interested in bungee jumping, but
have been too afraid. Put it on the list
and
promise yourself a shopping trip or anything else
to ___53___ yourself into doing
it.
Life
is about ___54___ it up with as many experiences
as possible, so don’t miss
out on an amazing
opportunity to ___55___ yourself or learn
something valuable.
41. A. safe B.
sensitive C. alternative D. greedy
42. A.
tempt B. exclude C. scare D. impose
43.
A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. Moreover D.
However
44. A. absorbed B. participated C.
caught D. involved
45. A. confidence B.
benefit C. burden D. passion
46. A.
claimed B. strived C. hesitated D. pretended
47. A. excited B. curious C. flexible D.
afraid
48. A. imagination B. control C.
limits D. expectation
49. A. accomplish B.
combine C. cultivate D. ensure
50. A.
accidentally B. desperately C. actually D.
consequently
51. A. ideas B. forces C.
factors D. effects
52. A. behave B. engage
C. treat D. help
53. A. bribe B. trap
C. cheat D. shape
54. A. making B. taking
C. piling D. filling
55. A. satisfy B.
relax C. identify D. better
Section
B
Directions: Read the following three
passages. Each passage is followed by several
questions or unfinished statements. For each
of them there are four choices marked A,
B, C
and D. Choose the one that fits best according to
the information given in the
passage you have
just read.
(A)
While a female
politician or first lady can use her clothing to
create a favorable
public image, male
politicians don’t have as many fashion choices to
play with. But
Canadian Prime Minister Justin
Trudeau seems to have discovered a goldmine – his
socks.
He’s been seen wearing “statement
socks” at many public events. For example,
during a NATO (北大西洋公约组织) meeting in Brussels
in May, Trudeau wore one
blue sock and one
pink, both with the NATO symbol printed on them.
And in June, he
wore a pair of socks with the
pattern of maple leaves – a national symbol of
Canada –
when he appeared on a TV show.
The New York Times’ editor Vanessa Friedman
praised Trudeau’s play on his
socks as
“clever”.
“Socks are subtle enough not to be
distracting, but visible enough that you can’t
miss the point,” she wrote. “Rarely have a
man’s ankles said so much.”
One example is a
pair he wore during a meeting with Enda Kenny,
then the prime
minister of Ireland, in
Montreal on May 4. During their meeting, Trudeau
wore Star
Wars socks – simply because that day
happened to be International Star Wars Day. If
this pair of socks sent out any message,
according to Vogue magazine reporter Emily
Farra, that message was “just that he has a
quirky side and loves George Lucas
films,” she
wrote.
However, some say that 45-year-old
Trudeau’s unusual sock choices show a
childish
side of the prime minister that proves he isn’t
mature enough to be the leader
of a country.
But Friedman doesn’t see it that way. “The
socks have been a source of pride and
applause
on an international scale – a symbol both of Mr
Trudeau’s ability to embrace
multiculturalism
and of his position as a next-generation leader
not bound by old
traditions,” she wrote. They
have opened up possibilities for the future.
56. Trudean wore a pair of socks with the
pattern of maple leaves to ________.
A.
distract audience’s attention from the TV show
B. send a message that he is proud of his
country
C. narrow the gap between politicians
and civilians
D. claim that he is the new-
generation leader of the country
57. The
underlined word “quirky” is closet in meaning to
________.
A. abnormal or immature B.
serious or straight
C. patriotic or
enthusiastic D. odd or unpredictable
58.
According to Friedman, Justin Trudeau ________.
A. has a promising future but is still an
inexperienced politician
B. used a clever way
to explore and finally discovered a goldmine
C. is open-minded and is ready to accept different
cultures
D. is a leader who has abandoned old
traditions to build up his future
59. The
article is mainly about ________.
A. the
strange hobby of a young politician
B. a
young leader’s clever choice of socks
C. how male politicians maintain
public image
D. the gender difference in
modern politicians
Cross Country
aims to provide the most punctual service
possible. However, when
delays do occur, we
will provide you compensation in line with our
Passenger Charter
and National Rail Conditions
of Travel.
If your train has been delayed by
30 minutes or more to the destination printed on
your ticket, you will be entitled to
compensation. You can rest assured that your
journey is covered whatever happens.
How
much refund am I entitled to?
The amount of
compensation that you may be entitled to depends
on the length of
time your journey was delayed
by:
Delay of 30-59 minutes
50% of the cost
of your single ticket or 50% of the cost of either
portion of your
return ticket
Delay of 60
minutes or more
100% of the cost of your
single ticket or 100% of the cost of either
portion of your
return ticket
Delay of two
hours or more for return tickets
If either or
both the outward or return legs of your journey
are delayed by more than
two hours and you
have a return ticket, you will be entitled to
receive up to 100% of
the cost of the return
ticket
How will I be paid?
Compensation
will be paid in National Rail Travel Vouchers
(抵用券) or, at your
request, in money（for
example by cheque or BACS）. Rail Travel vouchers
can be
used as payment or part payment towards
any National Rail ticket, including season
tickets.
How do I make a claim under Delay
Repay?
Please complete the form below within
28 days of the date of the delay. A readable,
scanned copy of your ticket is required to
make a claim.
Our Customer service team will
respond as soon as possible and aim to reply
within
10 working days. Should you have
any difficulties completing the form, please call
us
on 03447 369 123.
Alternatively, you
can download our Delay Repay claim form and post
to us at the
address on the form.
60.
John bought a single ticket from London to
Glasgow, which cost him £20.60.
Unfortunately,
the journey was delayed by 40 minutes. How much
refund can he
receive?
A. None. B.
£10.30. C. £20.60. D. 41.20.
61. With
no special request, the compensation will be paid
________.
A. by bank transfer B. by cheque
or in cash
C. in National Rail ticket D. in
National Rail Travel Vouchers
62. To make a
claim for refund, one must ________.
A. get
his train ticket clearly scanned
B. download
the claim form and mail it
C. call the service
hotline to get the form
D. complete the form
within 10 days after the delay
(C)
Teacher burnout (倦怠) and student stress may be
linked, according to a
University of British
Columbia study. The study is the first of its kind
to examine the
connection between teacher
burnout and students' cortisol levels (可体松水平),
which
are a biological indicator of stress.
Researchers collected saliva (唾液) samples
from over 400 elementary school
children and
tested their cortisol levels. They found that in
classrooms in which
teachers experienced more
burnout, or feelings of emotional exhaustion,
students'
cortisol levels were elevated.
Higher cortisol levels in elementary school
children
have been linked to learning
difficulties as well as mental health problems.
students and their teachers,said Eva
Oberle, the study's lead author. Indeed,the
relationship between student stress and
teacher burnout is a chicken and egg question.
It is unknown what came first - elevated
cortisol or teacher burnout. We consider the
connection between student and teacher stress
a cyclical problem in the classroom.
Oberle
said a stressful classroom climate could be a
result of inadequate support
for teachers,
which may impact teachers' ability to effectively
manage their students.
A poorly managed
classroom can contribute to students' needs not
being met and
increasing stress. This could be
reflected in elevated cortisol levels in students.
Alternatively, stress could originate from
students, who may be more challenging
to teach
because of increases in anxiety, behavioural
problems, or special needs. In
this scenario,
teachers could feel overwhelmed and report higher
levels of burnout.
classroom sizes
increase and supports for teachers are cut,
most stressful professions, and that teachers
need adequate resources and support in
their jobs in order to battle burnout
and alleviate stress in the
classroom,
education professor Kimberly
Schonert-Reichl, the study's co-author and
director of
HELP. collateral damage (附带损害) of
students.
63. Which is the best title
of the passage?
A. How to Relieve Stress in
the class
B.A puzzling Question of Egg and
Chicken
C. The Most Stressful Profession in
the world
D. The Link Between Students Stress
and Teacher Burnout
64. Paragraph 4 and
paragraph 5 are intended to make it clear that
________.
A. teacher burnout may be cause of
the elevated cortisol levels in students
B.
the connection between students and teacher stress
is a cyclical problem
C. students with higher
stress level are more likely to have learning
difficulties
D. student’ behavioural problems
may result in teacher’s higher level of burnout
65. According to the writer, many British
teachers face the problem that ________.
A.
teacher are not well trained to deal with
students’ problems.
B. teachers’ income
increases but teaching resources are cut
C.
there’re more students in each class and less
support for teachers
D. there is a widening
gap between students’ need and teachers’ ability
66. Which of the following statements is
FALSE?
A. The more burnout teachers
experience, the higher cortisol levels in
students.
B. Adequate support may help
teachers manage students more effectively.
C.
Students will benefit as a result of reduced
teacher burnout.
D. High cortisol level
indicates high level of burnout.
Section
C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill
in each blank with a proper sentence
given in
the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note
that there are two more
sentences than you
need.
A. The philosophy of Barefoot
College is largely inspired by the principles of
Gandhi, starting with equality beyond gender
or religion.
B. Barefoot College also offers
education to the younger generation both during
the
day and at its solar bridge schools at
night.
C. The first is up and running in
Zanzibar, while others are still under
construction
in other African nations.
D.
Barefoot College insists that letting individuals
apply their own local wisdom to
new knowledge
is vital to this goal.
E. Several years later
donations enabled the purchase of several acres of
land for
expansion.
F. Despite the
objection from families, young women registered at
the college and
did what they had never
imagined before.
Named to change
the way we think of education and those who are
the recipients.
Barefoot College has launched
1,300 locations in 80 countries.
Delhi social
worker Sanjit Roy was concerned about the poverty
of
India in his youth and moved to one of the
poorest Indian states to work. With his help
and that of local farmer Merghaj, Barefoot
College came into being in 1972.
_____67_____
Within eight years, women came to the campus in
Tilonia, Rajasthan,
from around the globe to
be trained as solar engineers, mostly learning
through
demonstrations, practice and sign
language.
Barefoot College, the world's first
fully solar-electrified campus, trains its
students to build and maintain solar panels
and other instruments. These include
lamps,
water heaters, cookers and even a water-purifying
system.
_____68_____ As a matter of fact,
women are prioritized as an underserved
population that it is essential to bringing
villages together. Another central principle of
the college is self-dependence, teaching
students to support and think for themselves.
_____69_____
As Barefoot College continued
to develop, it journeyed past Indian borders to
the
Middle East and Latin America. In 2013
Bunder Roy won the Clinton Global Citizen
Award, which prompted the Indian government to
provide funds for five regional
centers in
Africa. _____70_____ In addition, the
organization’s Pacific Solar Initiative
should
result in three times the beneficiaries (受益人）by
2018 through work on island
nations.
If
successful, Barefoot College will have managed to
spread light, both literally
and figuratively,
across the entire world.
IV. Summary
Writing（10分）
Directions: Read the following
passage. Summarize the main point(s) of the
passage
in no more than 60 words. Use your own
words as far as possible.
Marathons can
be bad for your health, scientists have warned
after a study found
80 percent of competitors
suffer kidney (肾) injury because of dehydration
(脱水).
Researchers said that although the
kidneys of the participants in the 26.2 mile
race fully recovered within two days, their
findings raise questions concerning the
potential long-term impact at a time when
marathons are increasing in popularity.
The
findings were published by the American Journal of
Kidney Diseases, as
thousands of people
prepare for next month's London Marathon.
Previous research has shown that engaging in
unusually vigorous activities - such
as
military training - in warm climates can damage
the kidneys, but little is known
about the
effects of marathon running.
A team of
researchers led by Professor Chirag Parikh, of
Yale University in the
US, studied a small
group of participants in the 2015 Hartford
Marathon.
They collected blood and urine (尿液)
samples before and after the event. They
analysed a variety of markers of kidney
injury, including serum creatinine (肌酐)
levels, kidney cells on microscopy, and
proteins in urine.
The researchers found that
82 percent of the runners that were studied showed
Stage 1 Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) soon
after the race. AKI is a condition in which
the kidneys fail to filter (过滤) waste from the
blood.
Prof Parikh said:
as if it's
injured, in a way that's similar to what happens
in hospitalised patients when
the kidney is
affected by medical and surgical complications
(并发症).
The researchers stated that potential
causes of the marathon-related kidney
damage
could be the sustained rise in core body
temperature, dehydration, or
decreased blood
flow to the kidneys that occur during a marathon.
While the measured kidney injury resolved
within two days of running the
marathon, the
researchers said the study still raises questions
about the effects of
repeated strenuous
activity over time, especially in warm climates.
I. Translation:
Directions: Translate
the following sentences into English, using the
words given in
the brackets.
1.
据报道这场森林大火吞噬了42条生命，摧毁了7000多幢房屋。(It)
2.
我国正在全力以赴促进经济与结构调整。(promote)
3.
只有牢记使命，中国梦才能早日实现。(only)
4.
许多中国的航空公司允许乘客在飞行过程中使用手机，这意味着我们可以在
空中玩喜欢
的游戏了。(allow)
II. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in
120-150 words according to the
instructions
given below in Chinese.
学校的校刊正在举行征文比赛，请同学
们分享自己第一次做某件事情的特别
经历。请以“我第一次XXX”为题写一篇作文参加比赛。
杨浦期中卷（2017，11）参考答案
1-5
BDBAB 6-10 CABDC 11-13 BDC 14-16 CBC 17-20 DACB
21. maymust 22. Influencing 23.
WhileAlthough 24. takes 25. conducted
26. to
make 27. where 28. be tempted 29. or
30. for
31-35 FKIBH 36-40JEDCG
41—45 ACDDA 46—50 BDCAC 51—55 BCADD
(A) 56-59 B D C B (B) 60-62 B D A (C)
63-66 C D B D 67-70 E A D C
Summary:
Researchers of Yale University found marathon
might cause kidney injury. The
analysis of
blood and urine samples shows most runners’
kidneys can’t filter waste
very well within
two days after the race. The rise in core body
temperature,
dehydration, or decreased blood
flow may account for the problem. The finding
raises
concern about excessive vigorous
activities in warm climate. (62 words)
Keys for Translation:
1. It was
reported that the forest fire had killed 42 people
and destroyed over 7,000
houses.
2.
Our country is going all out to promote economic
and structural adjustments.
3. Only when
we keep the mission in mind can the Chinese dream
be realized as
soon as possible.
4.
Many Chinese airlines allow passengers to use
their smart phones during the flight,
which
means we can play our favorite games in the air.
Summary译文：
科学家警告称，马拉松可能会对人体产生危害。
他们的研究发现，由于缺水，百
分之八十的马拉松比赛选手都患有肾功能损伤。
研
究人员称，尽管参赛者跑完26.2英里（42公里）后，他们的肾脏两天内就能
完全恢复正常，但如今
马拉松比赛日渐流行，研究结果引起了人们对于马拉松长
期潜在影响的担忧。
《美
国肾病杂志》刊登了这项研究成果。与此同时，上千人正摩拳擦掌，为下个
月的伦敦马拉松赛做准备。
先前的研究表明，在气候温暖时参加过于剧烈的活动，如军事训练，会损害人的
肾脏
。但人们对马拉松所造成的影响则知之甚少。
由美国耶鲁大学教授齐拉格帕里克领导的研究
小组对2015年哈特福德马拉松赛
部分参赛者进行了测试。
在比赛前后，他们分
别收集了受试者的血样和尿样。他们检测了各种肾脏损伤标
志物，包括血清肌酐水平，显
微镜下的肾细胞和尿液中的蛋白质。
研究人员发现，82％的受试者在比赛结束后不久就显
示出了第一阶段急性肾损伤
（AKI）的症状，也就是说，肾脏无法从血液中过滤废物。
<
br>帕里克教授说：“马拉松会对参赛者的身体造成巨大负担，肾脏会因此做出反应，
如同受伤一样，
他们的肾脏状况与受到药物影响和产生手术并发症时的状况相
似。”
研究人员指出
，马拉松造成肾损伤的潜在原因可能是，核心体温的持续升高，缺
水以及比赛过程中流经肾脏的血液减少
。
尽管马拉松造成的肾损伤可在两天内痊愈，但研究人员称，这项研究对重复的过
于剧烈的长时间运动，尤其是在天气温暖时剧烈运动，对人体造成的影响提出了
疑问。