高三英语复习专题09阅读理解训.
买年货-2015年端午节
高三英语复习专题09
任务型阅读
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰
当的单词。
注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
Teamwork
is just as important in science as it is on the
playing field or in the gym.
Scientific
investigations(调查 are almost always carried out by
teams of people
working together. Ideas are
shared, experiments are designed, data are
analyzed,
and results are evaluated and shared
with other investigators. Group work is
necessary, and is usually more productive than
working alone.
Several times throughout the
year you may be asked to work with one or more of
your classmates. Whatever the task your group
is assigned, a few rules need to be
followed
to ensure a productive and successful experience.
What comes first is to keep an open mind,
because everyone’s ideas deserve
consideration
and each group member can make his or her own
contribution.
Secondly, it makes a job easier
to divide the group task among all group members.
Choose a role on the team that is best suited
to your particular strengths. Thirdly,
always
work together, take turns, and encourage each
other by listening, clarifying,
and trusting
one another. Mutual support and trust often make a
great difference.
Activities like
investigations are most effective when done by
small groups. Here are
some more suggestions
for effective team performance during these
activities: Make sure
each group member
understands and agrees to the task given to him or
her, and everyone
knows exactly when, why and
what to do; take turns doing various tasks during
similar
and repeated activities; be aware of
where other group members are and what they are
doing so as to ensure safety; be responsible
for your own learning, though it is by no
means unwise to compare your observations with
those of other group members.
When there is research to be done, divide the
topic into several areas, and this can explore
the issue in a very detailed way. You are
encouraged to keep records of the sources used
by each person, which helps you trace back to
the origin of the problems that may happen
unexpectedly. A format for exchanging
information (e.g., photocopies of notes, oral
discussion, etc. is also important, for a
well-chosen method not only strengthens what you
present but also makes yourself easily
understood. When the time comes to make a
decision and take a position on an issue,
allow for the contributions of each member of
the group. Most important of all, it is always
wise to make decisions by compromise and
agreement.
After you’ve completed a task
with your team, make an evaluation of the team’s
effectiveness — the strengths and weaknesses,
opportunities and challenges.
Title Working
Together
Theme Effective performance needs
highly cooperated (71 ▲ .
General rules ·Keep
an open mind to everyone’s (72 ▲ .
·Divide the
group task among group members.
·(73 ▲ and
trust each other.
(74 ▲ ·Understand and agree
to the (75 ▲ task of one’s own.
·Take turns
doing various tasks.
·Show concern for others
to ensure safety.
·Take (76 ▲ for one’s own
learning.
·Compare your own observations with
those of others.
Explore an
issue ·Break the (77 ▲ into several areas.
·Keep records of the sources just in (78 ▲ .
·(79 ▲ your information with others via proper
format.
·Make all decisions by compromise and
agreement.
(80 ▲
Effectiveness
·Analyze the strengths and weaknesses.
·Find out the opportunities and challenges.
[语篇解读] 本文重在讲述如何使团队协作更为有效地进行。第一段概述团队协作在
科学研究中的意义;第二、三段联系学生实际引出同学间团队协作的三个规则;第
四、五段提出调查研
究类活动中如何进行有效协作;最后一段讲述如何对团队协作
的有效性进行评估。
[答案与剖析]
71.[答案] teamwork
[剖析]这是对全文的高度概括,文中第一段的中心句即第一句“Teamwork is just
as important in science as it is on the
playing field or in the gym.”也给予了较为明
显的暗示。
72.[答案] ideasopinionsviewsthoughts
[剖析]
由文中第三段第一句“What comes first is to keep an open
mind, because
everyone’s ideas deserve
consideration and each group member can make his
or her
own contribution.”可知。注意:名词单复数的变化。
73.[答案] SupportEncourageBack
[剖析] 由文中第三段最后两句“Thirdly, always work together,
take turns, and
encourage each other by
listening, clarifying, and trusting one another.
Mutual
support and trust often make a great di
fference.”可知。注意:根据表格中的行文
规律,这里是祈使语气,应用动词原形且须大写,
与上两行“Keep, Divide”相一
致。
74.[答案]Suggestions
[剖析]由文中第四段中心句,即该段第二句“Here are some more
suggestions for
effective team performance
during these activities.”可知。此外,表格中对应的右
边一格正是sug
gestions的具体内容。注意:名词的单复数变化和大、小写。
75.[答案]
givenassigned
[剖析] 由第三段第三行“Make sure each
group member understands and agrees to
the
task given to him or
her,”可知。注意:这里可以使用given的同意词
assigned“分配”。
76.[答案] responsibility
[剖析]由文中第四段倒数第三行“be
responsible for your own learning,…”可知。
注意:这里根据
表格内的表达方式需要进行词形转换。将形容词responsible转
化成名词responsib
ility.
77.[答案]topicsubjectissue
[剖析]由文中第五段第一句“When there is research to be
done, divide the topic into
several areas, and
this can explore the issue in a very detailed
way.”可知。注意:这
里可以使用topic的近义词:subject, issue.
78.[答案] case
[剖析] “just
in case”在这里表示“以备用,以防用得着”,根据文中第五段第二句
“You are
encouraged to keep records of the sources used by
each person, which
helps you trace back to the
origin of the problems that may happen
unexpectedly.”可
知。
79.[答案] ExchangeShare
[剖析] 由文中第五段第三句“A format for exchanging
information (e.g., photocopies of notes, oral
discussion, etc. is also important,…”可知。
80.[答案] Evaluate [剖析] 由文中最后一段可知。注意:根据表格中表达方式的需要,文中名词evaluation应转化成动词Evaluate.
拓展训练
(一
请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单
词。注意:每空一词。
Some people succeed, while others
may not. This is because some people possess
certain qualities, which others do not.
The first thing you must remember is that in
order to succeed, you must be optimistic.
If
you do not expect to win, you will not try as hard
as those who do expect to win. You
also need
to have a clear aim and a reason for doing
something because motivation is a
key to
achieving success. If you do not have an aim, then
you will not be motivated to
work hard and put
your performance under the microscope to make sure
that every detail
is right.
Another
quality that helps people succeed is creativity---
thinking about things in a
different way and
wondering how others would do the same thing.
Think about some
successful people you know.
They might be successful with a little creativity,
but the
most successful people are the most
creative ones.
Reading is
another to success, as it will help you learn
about how other people have
achieved success.
If you want to learn how to set up a successful
business, you should
read books about people
like Bill Gates and Jerry Yang, who have achieved
amazing
success in their areas of business.
Practicing is equally important if you want to
success because practice makes
perfect.
Practise every day at whatever career you are in,
and by doing so, you will see
yourself, your
business and your self-confidence begin to grow.
If you feel confident
about what you do, this
confidence will make other people believe in you
as well. Your
colleagues will be happy to work
with you, and your boss will give you more
responsibility. Finally if you are a
successful person, you will be able to look people
in
the eye and smile confidently.
Success
is yours for the taking! Cheers!
Title (1 ▲
Certain qualities Supporting details
(2 ▲
●Try hard(3 ▲ people who do expect to win.
●Have a clear aim and a reason for doing
something because
a key to achieving success
is (4 ▲ .
(6 ▲ ●(5 ▲ about things in a
different way.
●Study how other people would
do the same thing.
Reading ●Help you know
about how(7 ▲ have achieved success.
●Read
books about(8 ▲ people such as Bill Gates and
Jerry
Yang to encourage
yourselves.
Practising ●(9 ▲ the saying
“practice makes perfect.”
●(10 ▲ _ in yourself
and do what you want to do
confidently.
(1_________ (2_________ (3_________
(4_________ (5_________
(6_________
(7_________ (8_________ (9_________ (10_________
(二
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的
单
词。注意:每空格1个单词。
Real policemen hardly recognize
any resemblance between their lives and what they
see on TV.
The first difference is that a
policeman’s real life revolved round criminal law.
He
has to know exactly what actions are crimes
and what evidence can be used to prove
them in
court. He has to know nearly as much law as a
professional lawyer, and what is
more, he has
to apply it on his feet, in the dark and rain,
running down a street after
someone he wants
to talk to.
Little of his time is spent in
chatting. He will spend most of his working life
typing
millions of words on thousands of forms
about hundreds of sad, unimportant people who
are guilty of stupid crimes.
Most
television crime drama is about finding the
criminal: as soon as he’s arrested,
the story
is over. In real life, finding criminal is seldom
much of a problem. Except in
very serious
cases like murders and terrorist attacks, little
effort is spent on searching.
Having made an arrest, a detective really
starts to work. He has to prove his case in
court and to do that he often has to gather a
lot of different evidence.
A third big
difference between the drama detective and the
real one is the unpleasant
pressures: first,
as members of a police force, they always have to
behave absolutely in
accordance with the law.
Secondly, as expensive public servants, they have
to get results.
They can hardly ever do both.
Most of the time some of them have to break the
rules in
small ways.
If the detective has
to deceive the world, the world often deceives
him. Hardly
anyone he meets tells him the
truth. And this separation the detective feels
between
himself and the rest of the world is
deepened by the simple-minded — as he see it — of
citizens, social workers, doctors, law-makers,
and judges, who, instead of eliminating
crime,
punish the criminals less severely in the hope
that this will make them reform. The
result,
detective feel, is that nine-tenths of their work
is re-catching people who should
have stayed
behind bars. This makes them rather cynical(愤世嫉俗的.
Police in (1 ▲
Police on TV
world
Knowledge of (2 ▲ law
as a
He has to
know as much
There is
no(4 ▲ for
them to know
about it.
professional
lawyer and
applies it to
their (3 ▲
work.
Different (5 ▲ of spending time He
(6 ▲
most of his
Time is
spent finding
working life to criminals.
collecting and Once the
providing
evidence
his case in
court.
criminal is
found, the
needed to prove
story (7 ▲ .
Different pressures (8 ▲ and
the public put
much pressure
on
detectives
and policemen.
They got
no
pressure
from the
public.
Relationship
with society He feels(9
▲ from
citizens,
as they
hold different
punishment of
the criminals.
No
contact with
(10
▲ toward
the public.
(1_________
(2_________ (3_________ (4_________ (5_________
(6_________ (7_________ (8_________
(9_________ (10_________
(三)
Millions of
women use cosmetics, often called “make-up”. The
cosmetics industry is
one of the biggest in
the world. Most large stores sell cosmetics, and
there are always
shops at airports selling
them cheaply.
The word
“cosmetics” refers to anything that people put on
their faces to make them
look better.
Lipstick, face powder and cream, and eye make-up
are the most popular.
Although more women than
men use cosmetics, there are cosmetics for men as
well as
women.
Some people even have
cosmetic surgery to make their faces look
different. They have
the shapes of their noses
and eyes changed.
The most widely used
cosmetic is probably lipstick, as many women who
do not
wear any other make-up will often put
on a little lipstick.
Lipstick is made by
mixing together different oils and colors. The
mixture is then
allowed to get hard and is cut
into the shape of a small pencil. When a woman
presses the
lipstick to her lips, the end of
it becomes soft, and some of it sticks to her
lips, giving
them extra color.
Cosmetics
were probably first used in India, but it was the
Egyptians, six thousand
years ago, who made
the most use of them. Rich Egyptian women painted
their eyes
green and black. They used a red
color to paint pretty designs on their
fingernails, the
palms of their hands and the
soles of their feet. Pictures of Cleopatra always
show her
wearing a lot of make-up.
The
Romans also used cosmetics. They liked to make
their skin very white and to
paint their eyes.
They also used a kind of lipstick.
In England
at one time, very rich women had baths in milk to
make their skin
beautiful. They also used a
lot of sweet-smelling powder to stop people
smelling their
bodies, which were often very
dirty because they did not wash very often or
change their
clothes.
Title: Cosmetics
Anything that people put on
Definit
their(1 ▲ to make them
look
ion
better
Main users
(2 ▲
Main
(3
▲
Lipstick, face powder Most popular Lipstick
and cream, and eye make-up product
Produc
Mix together different oils and
colors. The mixture gets hard
ing
and
is cut into the(5 ▲ of a
(4 ▲
small
pencil .
Genera
l
(6 ▲
(7
▲
The use of
cosmetics
India
Cosmetics was first used here.
(8 ▲
Cosmetics got widely used.
Rome
The
skin and eyes were(9 ▲
with cosmetics
England Rich women had baths in
milk;
used a lot of sweet-
smelling(10 ▲ .
(1_________
(2_________ (3_________ (4_________ (5_________
(6_________ (7_________ (8_________
(9_________ (10_________
(四)
请认真阅读下列短文,并根
据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的
单词。注意:每空格1个单词。
Many
people think a telephone is a necessity. But I
think it is a pest and a time waste.
Very
often you find it impossible to escape from it. If
you have a telephone in your own
house, you
will admit that it tends to ring when you least
want it to ring; when you are
asleep or in the
middle of a meal or a conversation, or when you
are just going out ,or
when you are in your
bath. Are you strong-minded enough to ignore it?
You are not. You
think there may be some
important news or message for you. I can assure
you that if a
message is really important it
will reach you sooner or later. Have you never
rushed
dripping from the bath, or chewing from
the table, or dazed from the bed ,only to be told
that you are a wrong number?
But you will
say ,you need not have your name printed in the
telephone directory,
and you can have a
telephone which is only usable for outgoing calls.
Besides, you will
say, isn’t it important to
have a telephone in case of sudden emergency-
illness, accident,
or fire? Of course, you are
right, but here in a thickly populated country
like England one
is seldom far from a
telephone in case of dreadful necessity.
I
think perhaps I had better try to justify myself
by trying to prove that what I like is
good. I
admit that in different circumstances- if I were a
wealthy and powerful
businessperson, for
instance, or badly ill and had to lie in bed. I
might find a telephone a
necessity. But then
if I were a taxi-driver I should find a car a
necessity. Let me put it
another way: there
are two things for which the English seem to show
particular talent:
one is
mechanical invention, the other literature. My own
business happens to be with the
use of words
but I see I must now stop using them. For I have
had just been handed a slip
of paper to say
that somebody is waiting to speak to me on the
telephone. I think I had
better answer it.
After all, one never knows, it may be something
important.
Title: The (1 ▲
Many
people: It is (2 ▲ when one wants to
make a
call,
especially in time of (3 ▲ .
The
author: ·It can (4 ▲ time and even be (5
▲ .
·Not everyone, (6 ▲ a businessperson or a
sick person who has to stay in bed, needs it.
·I don’t need it because my job is (7 ▲ .
Different opinions about it
(8 ▲ with it
·It always seems to ring when one is doing
something else or doesn’t want it to ring.
·Almost (9 ▲ can ignore it even if they want
to.
·One (10 ▲ to answer it only to find
that he is
misdialed.
(1_________
(2_________ (3_________ (4_________ (5_________
(6_________ (7_________ (8_________
(9_________ (10_________
(五)
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的
单词。注意:
每空一词。
Educating girls quite possibly harvests
a higher rate of return than any other investment
available in the developing world.Women’s
education may be an unusual field for
economists(经济学家), but increasing women’s
contribution to development is
actually as
much an economic as a social issue. And economics,
with its focus on
incentives(鼓励), provides an
explanation for why so many girls are deprived
of(剥
夺)an education.
Parents in low-income
countries fail to invest in their daughters
because they do not
expect them to make an
economic contribution to the family: girls grow up
only to marry
into somebody else’s family and
bear children. Girls are thus seen as less
valuable than
boys and are kept at home to do
housework while their brothers are sent to school
— the
prophecy (预言) becomes self-fulfilling,
trapping women in a vicious circle (恶性循
环) of
neglect.
An educated mother, on the other
hand, has greater earning abilities outside the
home and
faces an entirely different set of
choices. She is likely to have fewer but healthier
children
and can insist on the development of
all her children, ensuring that her daughters are
given a fair chance. The education of her
daughters then makes it much more likely that
the next generation of girls, as well as of
boys, will be educated and healthy. The vicious
circle is thus transformed into a virtuous
circle.
Few will argue that educating women
has great social benefits. But it has enormous
economic advantages as well. Most obviously,
there is the direct effect of education on
the
wages of female workers. Wages rise by 10 to 20
per cent for each additional year of
schooling. Such big returns are impressive by
the standard of other available investments,
but they are just the beginning. Educating
women also has a significant impact on health
practices, including family planning.
Topic: The significance of female
education in(1) ▲ countries
Viewpoint
Educating girls is more beneficial than any
other (2) ▲ .
Families
From low-
income families From educated
mothers’
families
Girls are of less
Attitudes
(3) ▲ than boys.
Development should
be
for all (4) ▲
●There is (5) ▲ investment in
daughters.
Practices
●Girls are made to
stay at home, doing(6)
▲ .
Girls and boys
have
(7) ▲ chances.
Consequences A vicious
circle A virtuous circle
Educating girls (8) ▲
to social benefits,
Significance
(9) ▲
advantages and health practices,
including
family planning.
(10) ▲
Educating
girls in developing countries is
important and
rewarding.
(1_________ (2_________
(3_________ (4_________ (5_________
(6_________ (7_________
(8_________ (9_________ (10_________
(六)
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格中填入最适当的单
词。
注意:每空一词。
Although many Chinese students say
that their knowledge of English grammar is good,
most would admit that their spoken English is
poor. Whenever I speak to a Chinese
students
they always say, “My spoken English is poor.”
However, their spoken English
does not have to
remain “poor.” I would like to suggest that there
may be some reasons
for their problems with
spoken English.
First, they fail to find
suitable words to express themselves due to a
limited vocabulary.
Obviously the better
answer is to expand their vocabulary. However, you
can speak with
a limited vocabulary, if your
attitude is positive. Others will follow you as
long as you
use the words that you know.
Second, they are afraid of making mistakes.
Sometimes they make mistakes when they
are
speaking because they are sky and nervous. Yet
students should remember that their
goal
should be FLUENTLY NOT ACCURACY. Your aim in
writing is to be
accurate following the rules
for grammar and using the your message across, to
talk to
someone in English, as quickly and
well as you can, even though sometimes you may use
a wrong word or tense, but it doesn’t matter
because the person you are speaking to will
understand you and make allowances for any
mistakes he hears.
The third reason is that
not enough attention is paid to listening. You
have one mouth but
two ears! All that hearing
is necessary for you to start speaking.
Fourth, most Chinese students are reactive
rather than proactive language learners.
Instead of actively seeking out opportunities
to improve their spoken English they
passively
wait for speaking opportunities to come to them
and wonder why their English
always remains
poor. If you have this proactive outlook, then,
you will see English
opportunities wherever
you go.
If you do not use
your English beyond the classroom you will forget
that English you
know. Remember : USE
IT OR LOSE IT! You can learn how to speak
English better
by speaking English more.
Title: Problems with spoken English
Reasons Solutions Tips
Limit of(1
▲
You have to(2
▲
their vocabulary
You should take a positive attitude
towards(3
▲
English.
(4
▲
about making mistakes
Shyness and (5
▲
make it easy to make
mistakes.
More(6
▲
should be paid to fluency.
(7
▲
of attention while
listening
All that hearing is necessary for
you to start
speaking
(8 ▲
reactive outlook
As language learners,
most Chinese
students are(9
▲
instead
of being of
active.
You should
take(10
▲
of all opportunities
to improve your spoken English.
(1_________ (2_________ (3_________
(4_________ (5_________
(6_________
(7_________ (8_________ (9_________ (10_________
参考答案
(一)
s sm 3. like 4.
motivation
vity
tand Master e
(二)
1. real 2. criminal 3. daily 4. need 5. ways
6. devotes 7. ends 8. Law 9. separated 10.
attitudes
(三)
1. faces 2. Women
3. products 4. process 5. shape 6. history
ies 8. Egypt 9. Painted 10. powder
(四)
1.Telephone 2.necessary
3.emergency 4.waste 5.Harmful 6.except 7.writing
8.Problems 9.nobody 10.Hurries
(五)
1.developing 2.investment(s) 3.value
importance significance 4.children
5.nolittle
6.housework 7.fairequal 8.contributesleads
9.economic
10.Conclusion
(六)
1.vocabulary 2. Expand Enrich 3. speaking s
sness tense
6. attention 7. LackShortage 8.
Having 9. passive age