人教版高中英语必修3Unit3知识点详解
简历名称怎么写-河南理工万方科技学院
Part 1. Warming up
was brought up in
Hannibal，Missouri，along
the Mississippi
River.他在
密西西比河边的密苏里州
的汉尼拔长大。
bring up
抚养；培养；教
育；提出；呕吐；
He left her to bring up
the
three young children on her
own.(抚养)
I shall bring up this question
at the next
meeting. (提出)
He was so sick that he
brought up everything.(呕
吐)
In
my day, children were
brought up to respect
the
law. (教育)
拓展：bring about
引起；
致使；造成；达成
bring alongon 带来
bring
back 使记起；归还；
恢复
bring down
使减低；降低；
挫伤(傲气)
bring forth 产生；产出；生
产
bring forward 提出；出
示；展示
bring
out 揭露；显示，解
释；出版
bring to (oneself) 使复苏
bring in 引进；引来；赚得
巧学助记：The plan he
brought up has brought
down the cost of
production
and brought in a lot of
profit,
which brought the
company back to life.他提
出
的方案降低了成本，带来
了大量利润，使公司恢复了
生机。
①Can
you make a sentence
to bring out the meaning
of
the phrase?你能造个句子来
讲清楚这个短语的意思
吗？
②The fine weather is
bringing the crops on
nicely.
这样的好天气使庄稼更加
茁壮成长。
④The
photographs brought
back many pleasant
memories.那些照片给人带
来很多美好的回忆。
⑤Science and technology
has brought
about many
changes in our
lives.科学技
术给我们生活带来了诸多
变化。
⑥He made every
effort to
bring down the cost of
living.他竭力降低生活费
用。
is best known for
his
novels set in his boyhood
world on the
river,…
be set in 以。。。为背景
set about
doing sth.开始
做某事 set aside 留出
set off动身；使爆炸
set out to do
sth.出发；着
手做 set down记下；
放下
Part 2.
Pre-reading,
reading and
comprehending
1．scene n. (戏剧)一场；现
场；场面；景色
the scene
of the crime 犯罪
现场
behind the scenes
暗中，秘
密地，在幕后
(come) on the scene
出现，
到场，在场
set the scene
(为„„)作好
准备，(为„„)设置舞台
[即学即练1](1)Our reporter
was the first
person_______________(到
现场)．
(2)The
rocking boats along
the river
bank___________________
_(构成一道美丽的风景)．
(3)The boy led his mother to
____________________(事
故现场)．
on
the scene
make a beautiful
scene
the scene of the
accident
old
and wealthy
brothers, Roderick and
Oliver,
have made a bet.
bet
1) n.
赌博，赌注；预言，
可组成短语：
make a bet with sb. on
sth.
跟某人就„„打赌
winlose a bet
打赌赢输
2) v.
I bet him 100 yuan that
I
would climb to the top of
the mountain
without any
help.我和他打赌100块钱，
说我不需要帮助就可以爬
到
We
made a bet on the
fifth horse in the race.
在这
次比赛中，我们赌5号马。
My bet is that
he is to turn
up at the party.
我想他一定
会出席晚会的。
1）I bet that...
我敢肯定
2）you bet 你可以确信，
的确，当然
I
bet that he will fail in
the exam.
我敢肯定他考试不及格。
me to lead the way,
sir.
permit vt. 允许，许可
n．[C]许可证，执照
permission n. [U]许可，准
许，允许
permit doing
sth. 允许做某
事
permit sb. to do sth.
允许某
人做某事
withwithout one's
permission＝withwithout
the permission of
sb. (不)在
某人的允许下
[即学即练2](1)She refused
to
______________________.
她拒不同意。
(2)Do you have a driver's
______？你有驾驶执照
吗？
(3) Time permitting，
we'll go out for a picnic.时
间允许，我们就去野餐。
(4)The policeman
_______________________
_ there.
＝The
policeman
_______________________
________
there.警察允许他
在那里停车。
give her
permission
permit
permitted his
parking
permitted him to
park
(2012银川一中月考)Only
under special
circumstances
to take those tests.
freshmen permitted
en are permitted
ted are freshmen
permitted freshmen
4.I wonder, , if
you’d mind us
asking a few
questions.
I wonder + if
从句：不知
（it is）no wonder that….
难怪…
I
wonder if you could lend
me your
dictionary.不知你
能否借你的词典给我。
1)不知他是否自视太高。
2) 不知他是否听到了我们
的讲话。
【答案】1) I wonder if he
thinks too
much of himself.
2) I wonder if he has heard
what we were talking about.
mind1）v.
照看，留心；
对某物介意
mind sth.
mind ’s
doing sth.
2）n. 感知，思维和感觉
make
up one’s mind 下
决心
have sth. in mind
想到，
keep in mind
change
one’s mind 改
变主意
Never mind 不要紧，没
关系
例句:
Mind your behavior and
words
while at the party. 聚
Would you mind my
not
telling the truth? 我没讲实
It is
easy for him to make
up his mind and
also easy to
change it. 他下决心容易，
但改变主意也一样容易。
【词汇网络】
1) make a decision下
决心，做决定
2) minded
open-minded 头脑开放
的，坦率的
3) mind doing sth=care
to do sth 介意做某事
ahead 前进；(用于祈
使句)可以；往下说；说吧；
干吧
go ahead with开始做某事
(be) ahead of
在之前；领先
于；胜过
ahead of time in advance
提前
ahead of timeschedule提前
easy
ahead!慢进！
full speed ahead!全速前进。
[即学即练7]写出下列句中
go ahead的意思。
(1)If you
think you can
settle the problem, go
ahead.____________
(2)The police examined
the
cars and allowed them to go
ahead._________________
_____
(3)—I'm
afraid I have to
trouble you with a
question.
—Go ahead.
_______________
(4)The government intends
to go ahead with
its
privatization
plans.__________________
__
开始干吧
继续前行
请说吧
推行；开始做
go
up上涨；上升；攀登
go off离去；爆炸
go
over走过去；仔细检查；
复习
go all out (to do)全力(去做)
go out 熄灭 go
against违反，违背
go
by流逝；过去
go without
忍受某事物
的缺乏；没有某事物也可
应付
She went against
her
mother’s wishes.她违背了
她母亲的意愿。
As time went by，I was
made
smaller.随着岁月的
流逝，我被做的越来越小。
Smokers cannot
go without
cigarettes even a
day.吸烟
者哪怕一天没有香烟都不
行。
a matter of fact,
I
landed in Britain by
accident.
用法拓展
by chance 偶然地;意外地
by design
故意地(相当于
on purpose)
by no means 绝不 by
means of 凭借；通过
by weight 按重量by
mistake
错误地by contrast
对比之下
, towards
nightfall I
found myself carried_out to
sea by a strong
wind.哎，傍
晚时分，我发现自己被一阵
大风刮到了大海上。
(1)“find
oneself＋宾语补
足语”，意为“(突然)发现
自己„„”。
①When
he came to, he
found himself in a deserted
island. 他醒来后，发现自
己在一个荒凉的岛上。
②On hearing
this, I found
myself in an embarrassing
position. 听到这后，我突然
发现自己处在很尴尬的境
地。
(2)find oneself doing sth.
突然发现或惊奇地发现自
己在做某事，表示吃惊或
不相信等情感。
①Dick found himself
walking in the
direction of
Mike's place.
迪克突然发
现自己在朝迈克家的方向
走去。
②When he came to,
he
found himself lying in the
hospital.他醒来后，发现自
己躺在了医院里。
(3)find
oneself done (突然)
发现自己被„„；不知不
觉中发现自己被„„
Then I found myself
surrounded by
half a dozen
boys.
然后我就发现自己已被六
个男孩围住了。
next morning I’d just
about given myself
up for
lost when I was spotted by a
ship.第二天早上，我正感到
绝望的时候，一艘船发现了
我。
had
just done...when...刚
做完某事，这时„„
be
doing...when...正在
做„„这时„„
be about
to do...when...正
要做„„这时„„
be on the point
of
doing...when...正要做„„
这时„„
①I had
just gone to bed
when the telephone rang.
我刚上床睡觉，这时电话响
了。
②He was reading
newspapers when he heard
his name
called.他正在读
报，这时听到有人叫他的名
字。
③I
was about to go out
when an unexpected visitor
came.我正要出门，一位不
速之客来访了。
spot vt.
发现，认出；点缀
n. 斑点；污点；地点
on the spot 当场，当下
off the spot 不准确，离题
put sb. on the spot
使某人
尴尬，使某人为难
hit the spot 满足要求，合口
味
a scenichistoric spot 风景
名胜古迹
be
spotted with sth. 满
是„„斑点
spot sthsb. doing
sth.
in a spot 处于困境
①Neighbors spotted
smoke
coming out of the
house.邻
居们发现有烟从那所房子
里冒出来。
②He spotted a
serious
mistake in the
accounts.他
在账目中发现了一个严重
的错误。
③I
easily spotted him in the
crowd because he was
very
tall.因为他个子非常高，我
在人群中很容易就认出了
他。
④I was on the spot when
the accident
happened.事故
发生时我在场。
⑤This is the very spot
where the accident
happened.这就是事故发生
的地点。
The night sky is
spotted
with stars.夜晚的天空繁星
点点。
fact is that I earned
my passage by working as
an unpaid hand, which
accouts for my appea
rance.
事实上我靠做义工来顶替
船费，这就是我为什么衣冠
不整的原因了。
account n. 说明；理由；计
算；账目；报道 vi. & vt.
认为；说明；总计有
account for 说明(原因等)；
作出解释
on account of 由于，因为
on no account
决不(置于句
首时，句子用部分倒装)
on any account 无论如何
take account oftake......into
account＝take...into
consideration 考虑„„
keep an account of 记录，记
载
by (from) all
accounts 据
说，据报道，根据各方面所
①How do you
account for
your absence from school
yesterday?你如何解释你昨
天没上学呢？
②On no
account must
employers make personal
telephone calls from the
office.
＝Employees must on no
account make
personal
telephone calls from the
office.雇员们决不允许在
办公室打私人电话。
③His exam
results were not
very good，but we must take
his long illness into account.
他的考试成绩不是很好，但
我们必须考虑到他曾长期
生病。
④The train was
delayed on
account of snow.火车因下
雪而延误了。
⑤He paid the money into
his
account.他把钱存入他
的账户里。
(sought, sought) vt.
& vi. 寻找；探索；追求
seek one’s
fortune追求财
富；碰运气
seek (afterfor) sth.
寻找某
物；追求某物
seek sth. from
sb.向某人寻
求某事
seek to do sth.(＝tryattempt
to do sth.)试图企图做某事
[即学即练5](1)He is
______ (＝asking for) a job.
他正在找工作。
(2)The boy
_______________________
____
his teacher.这个男孩
向他的老师请教。
(3)He is the man
who is
always
____________________.他
是个始终追求真理的人。
(4)They are
___________________ us.
他们试图误导我们。
seeking
sought advice
from
seeking after truth
seeking
to mislead
①(2012湖北省孝感一中高
三综合测试)More and
more
countries are trying to
close
trade ties with China.
t
【答案与解析】A 句意:
越来越多的国家正在尽力
寻求同中国的贸易合作。
seek“寻求”,符合句意。
(2012辽宁锦州模拟)The
teacher, as
well as his
students, seeking a
proper solution to the
problem.
; for
; out
; to for
【答案与解析】A 第一
空由主语The
teacher判断
应使用单数;第二空为固定
结构seek for
sth,意为“寻
找寻求„„”。
the contrary
正相反，
反之(表示相反意见)
on the other hand
另一方面
(说明问题的另一方面)
contrary to...
与„„相反；
违反，对抗
quitejust the contrary
恰恰
相反
to the contrary 与此相反地
be contrary
to 与„„相反
My sister's taste in dresses is
contrary to my own.
[即学即练8](1)The
boy
was swimming in a
direction
_______________
the current. 那男孩逆流游
去。
(2)You didn't bother me.
_______________________
_， I like your
company. 你
没有打扰我。相反地，我喜
欢有你做伴。
(3)Although Bill was going
to the movies,
he told
Jack___________________
____
_______.虽然比尔要
去看电影，但是他告诉杰
克，说他不去。
contrary to
On the contrary
to the contrary
know you're
hard
working. That's why we've
given you
the letter.
[句式分析] That’s
why...
那就是„„的原因，why
引导表语从句
[活学巧用]
他遇上了交
通阻塞，那就是他没按时参
加会议的原因。
He was
caught in a traffic
jam. That’s why he didn’t
attend the meeting on time.
Part 3.
Learning about
Language
take turns 依次，轮流
We take turns to do the
housework.
我们轮流做家
务。
in turn 转而；反过来
People try to
avoid public
transportation delays by
using their own cars, and
this in
turn creates further
problems.
Part 4.
Using Language
1.I’m afraid it’ll cost a large
amount of money.
修饰可数名词的复数形
式：a
largegreatgood
number of；many；not a
few；quite a few
修饰不可数名词：a great
(or a
good) deal of, a large
(or a small) amount
of，
much, not a little, quite a
little
修饰可数名词的复数形
式或不可数名词：plenty
of,
a lot of, lots of,a large
quantity of;
large quantities
of
, we’ll have to take a
chance.
take a chance冒险；试图做
某事；碰运气
take a chance＝take one’s
chance＝take
chances
by chanceaccident偶然；碰
巧
Chances are(that)可能性
是„„
There
is a slimslight chance
that...不大可能„„
[即学即练9](1)You should
never
__________________
when driving a
car.开车时
千万别冒险。
(2)We hadn’t planned to
meet. We met
______________.我们原未
打算相见，是偶然遇见的。
(3)____________________
_____ she’s already
heard
the news.可能她已经听到
那则消息了。
take chances
by chance
Chances
are that
for the bill, sir, please
forget it .
as for 关于；至于
[即学即练
10](1)_______________ the
cause
of the fire, I don't
know
anything.至于火灾的
原因，我一点也不知道。
(2)We had a
wonderful time
in the country.
_________
the traffic, we had no
difficult
y.我们在乡下度过
了一个愉快的周末。至于交
通，我们没遇到任何困难。
拓展：as for与as to都是介
词短语，意思相近，都是“至
于，关于；就„
„而言，
就„„来说”之意。as with
“与„„一样”。
As to the
journey, we must
decide about that
later.至于
旅行，我们必须以后再作决
定。
as
to关于，有关
as follows 如下
as usual
照例，照常
as is usual with...„„和往
常一样
as it
iswas 事实
上，照现在后来的样子
as with
如同„„一
样；就像„„一样
As is usual with her，she
bought the pair of shoes
impulsively.她像往常一样，
很冲动地买了那双鞋。
I wanted
to go to Tokyo for
vacation，but as it
is，I’ll be
lucky if I can go camping
here.
我本想去东京度假，但事实
上，如果能在这里野营就不
错了。
must
come whenever
you want and have whatever
you like. 您什么时候想来，
您想吃点什么，你就一定要
来呀！
(1)whenever, wherever,
however
引导让步状语从
句，相当于 no matter
whenwherehow。
(2)whatever, whoever,
whichever, whomever
既可
引导名词性从句，也可引导
让步状语从句，在引导让步
状语从句时相当于 no
matter
whatwhowhichwhom。
(3)“no
matter＋疑问词”只
能引导让步状语从句，可放
在主句前或主句后。
(4)however 的用法主要有
以下三点需要注意：
①用做连接副词，相当于
no matter
how，引导让步状
语从句，意思是“不管怎
样„„；无论如何„„”，
具体结构为：
however＋形容词副词＋
主语＋谓语。例如：
However rich
people are,
they always seem anxious to
make more money.
无论人们有多富裕，他们似
乎总是渴望挣到更多的钱。
②用做连词，表示“不管用
什么方法”。
③however
还可作“然而”
讲，是副词，不能引导从句，
常用逗号隔开。
(5)whichever, whatever 在
句中还可做定语。
Eat
whichever cake you
like.
你可以吃任何一块你想吃
的蛋糕。
[即境活用3] (1)_____
hungry I am, I never seem to
be able to
finish off this loaf
of bread.
A．Whatever
B．Whenever
C．Wherever
D．However
解析：“however＋adj.＋主
＋谓”表示“无论多
么„„”。答案：D
(2)______team wins on
Saturday will go
through to
the national championships.
A．No matter what
B．No matter which
C．Whatever
D．Whichever
解析：根据句子结构可知，<
br>本题考查名词性从句，排除
A、B项。whatever和
whichever 的不同在于前
者没有范围而后者有范围，
本句中指“周六参加比
赛的
获胜队”，是有范围的，故
选 whichever。
运用所学语言基础知识，补
充完整下面短文，并背诵之
When I was
twelve
years old, I found an
interesting play written by
Mark Twain
(1)______________ (偶然
地)．The writer
told us an
unbelievable story.I did like
it very much and
(2)___________________
( 正 是 这 个 故 事 )
made me interested in
Mark Twain's the
story, two rich English
brothers
(3)___________________
(对„„打赌) penniless
Henry, who was
(4)________________ ( 衣
衫褴褛), giving im a
million
pound bank the
bank note,
he met many
e of his
(5)________________(
寒
酸 的 外 表 ),Henry
received bad services in
many after they
saw the bank note, those
who
(6)________________(看不
起；轻视) him
all changed
their one
of the rich
brothers'
daughter
(7)________________ ( 爱
上 ) story
happening to Henry
(8)____________ vividly
________( 对„„作出解
释) the money society those
days.
by accidentchance it was
this story that made a bet
on in rags
poor
appearance
looked down upon fell in
love with accounts for
本单元语法——宾语从句
和表语从句
1．(2011·安徽皖南八校联
考)—You know，I’m poor
in
Chinese，you are not good
at English，and...
—That’s________we
should help each other.
A．when B．where
C．how D．what
解析： 考查名词性从句。
where引导的从句作表语，
where在句中的意思是
“„„的地方”。
答案： B
2．(2011·北京东城区期
末)Water，which seems so
simple and common，
is________makes life
possible.
A．what B．that
C．which
D．how
解析： 考查表语从句。名
词性从句的解题原则是“缺
什么补什么”，此
处表语从
句“________makes life
possible”中缺少“主语”，
同时“主语”不表示“人”，
用what(表示人时应该选用
who)
。答案： A
3．(2011·北京海淀区期
末)Sorry I’m so
late，but
you cannot
imagine________great
trouble I took to find your
house.
A．what B．how
C．which D．why
解析： 考查宾语从句。
take great trouble to do
so
mething表示“不辞辛劳
地做某事”。在此，what引
导的宾语从句同
时是一个
感叹句，what修饰名词
trouble。而how在感叹句
中修饰形容词
或副词。答
案： A
4．(2010·成都毕业班诊断
性检测)Professor
Backman
took up scientific research
for
decades，and this
is________he devoted all
his life to.
A．which B．what
C．where D．how
解析：考查名词性从句。
wha
t引导表语从句且在从
句中作介词to的宾语，表
示“什么”。
答案： B
5．After five hours’ drive，
they
reached________they
thought was the place they
had been dreaming of.
A．where B．what
C．which D．that
解析： 考查宾语从句。句
意为：驱车五个
小时之后，
他们来到了他们认为是他
们一直梦寐以求的地方。句
中wh
at引导宾语从句，且
作从句的主语，其中they
thought
答案：
B
是插入语。