上海市六校2018届高三上学期12月联考英语试题
周艳泓图片-有关母亲的诗句
上海市六校2018届高三上学期12月联考
Section A (20%)
Directions: After reading the passage below,
fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent
and
grammatically correct. For the blanks with
a given word, fill in each blank with the proper
form of
the given word; for the other blanks,
use one word that best fits each blank.
How
to Find Happiness without Buying it?
Our
materialistic society has led us to believe that
happiness cannot be obtained without
having
money.
Rather than learning to be satisfied
with what we have, we ___21___ (teach)to want
more.
We learn from advertising, and from the
media, __22____ we need to buy trinkets and toys
in
order to make ourselves happy, or __23___
(fulfill) emotional needs, and that the purchases
they
are trying to talk us into will provide
us with the psychological comfort we are looking
for.
Unfortunately, as a society we have
bought into these ___24___ (misguide)messages and
have come to believe that ___25__ (spend)
money on certain items will bring us fame,
fortune,
happiness, beauty, or popularity. As
a result, we trade hours of our lives working,
sacrificing time
that __26___ have been spent
with our families, ___27__ the pursuit of the
almighty dollar.
Actually, there are a
number of ways to enjoy life without the need for
a great deal of money.
For example, Think
about __28__ you would spend your time, and what
you would do for
enjoyment. Change your focus
from material possessions to ___29__ that bring
you enjoyment,
such as spending quality time
with your family and nly, it is important to work
and
earn enough to provide for our basic needs
and the needs of our families, but it is important
to
recognize when the desire for personal
possessions becomes overly consuming, __30___
otherwise will upset a balance between a
satisfying work life and a rich home life. The
best way to
achieve such a balance is to
ensure the drive for material possessions does not
become all
consuming.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by
using the words in the box. Each word can only
be used once. Note that there is one word more
than you need.
A. addiction
ial
B. downward
G. analytical
H.
forced
D. unfair
I. reliance
E. urged
J. criticized
K. fall
A
pen has always been a(n) (31) ________tool when it
comes to taking exams. However, in
this
digital age, this traditional tool may become a
thing of the past.
Cambridge University in
Britain is considering ending 800 years of written
exams and
allowing students to use
laptops(手提电脑) or iPads to take exams instead.
The move comes after Cambridge teachers
complained that students’ handwriting is
becoming too hard to recognize. The (32)______
in being able to write neatly could largely be
down to the (33)______ on laptops in lectures
and elsewhere.
―There has definitely been a
(34)______ trend. It is difficult for both the
students and the
examiners as it is harder and
harder to read these scripts,‖ Sarah Pearsall, a
senior lecturer at the
university, told The
Telegraph.
As a result, more and more students
with poor handwriting are being (35)______ to
return to
university during the summer
holidays to read their answers aloud to university
administrators.
However, some (36)______ the
move, fearing the handwritten word would become a
lost art.
Tracey Trussell, a handwriting
expert at the British Institute of Graphologists,
(37)______
Cambridge to ―make sure that
students continue to write by hand, particularly
in lectures‖. She
told The Telegraph that
writing by hand could help students improve their
memory and understand
lessons better.
Meanwhile, there are also concerns that
primary and secondary schools could follow
Cambridge’s examples.
In fact, a similar
plan was carried out for some first- and second-
year students at Edinburgh
University in the
UK in 2011, reported The Scotsman. Senior
officials at the university believed it
was
(38)______ to expect students to use pens and
paper during exams when most of their
coursework was done using computers.
The
move also echoes the opinions of Harvard professor
Eric Mazur, known as the father of
the
―flipped classroom (翻转课堂)‖. He believed that the
rise of the (39)______ to mobile internet
means that we live in an age in which we don’t
need to memorize anything. Students should be
tested on their creative and (40)______
skills, rather than the ability to remember
information, he
said during the Times Higher
Education World Academic Summit in September.
III. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following
passage there are four words or phrases marked A,
B,
C and D. Fill in each blank with the work
or phrase that best fits the context.
It's no
secret that as a population, Americans have been
getting heavier, but researchers now
say that
our weight problem may be worse than we thought.
In a study published in the journal PLOS One,
lead author Dr. Eric Braverman says that our
current measure of obesity (肥胖症) -- body mass
index, or BMI -- significantly (41) ______ the
number of people, especially women, who are
obese.
Braverman and his co-author, Dr. Nirav
Shah, studied 1,400 men and women, comparing
their BMI measurement to their percentage of
body fat, as measured by a dual-energy X-ray
absorptiometry (DEXA) scan. While BMI is a
simple ratio of a person’s height and weight, the
DEXA scan-- which is normally used to
measure body density (密度) -- can (42) ______
between
bone, fat and muscle mass.
Based
on BMI, about one-third of Americans are
considered obese, but when other methods
of
measuring obesity are used, that number may be
(43) ______ to 60% according to Braverman.
Physicians have complained for years that BMI
is a(n) (44) ______ measure of healthy
weight.
Extremely muscular people, (45) ______ , may weigh
―too much‖ for their height, since
dense
muscle mass weighs more than fat, thus qualifying
as obese even if their bodies contain
very
little fat. Yet it’s not extra weight itself, but
excess fat that (46) ______ health problems.
―People aren’t being diagnosed as obese, so
they’re not being told about their risk of disease
or being given (47) _____ on how to improve
their health,‖ Braverman said. Data show that
people who (48) ______ to put on pounds are
more likely to continue getting heavier,
increasing
their risk for a number of
diseases.
So why is BMI still being used, if
it’s not (49) ______? For now, it’s the best and
easiest way
for physicians to measure a
person’s healthy weight while taking into account
his or her general
body (50) ______. DEXA
scans are far too expensive to be used as a (51)
______ measure during
doctor’s visits. BMI
isn’t perfect, but many experts say it’s the best
they have.
Still, as results like Braverman’s
continue to (52) ______, it may be time to
consider other
ways of tracking weight, and
(53) ______, body fat. ―It’s important to point
out the (54) ______ of
the BMI,‖ d Bergman,
director of Cedars Sinai’s Obesity and Diabetes
Research
Institute in Los Angeles said. ―It’s
a poor measure of (55) ______, and we do need
better
measures.‖
41、A. predicts
42、A. compare
43、A. closer
44、A.
important
45、A. for example
46、A.
arises from
47、A. views
48、A. decide
49、A. right
50、A. structure
51、A.
special
52、A. fill in
53、A. in
particular
54、A. mistakes
55、A. health
Section B(22分)
Directions: Read the
following three passage. E ach passage is followed
by several questions or
unfinished statements.
For each of them are four choices marked A, B,C
and D. Choose the one
B. underestimates
B. recognize
B.
related
B. imperfect
B. in contrast
B. owes to
B. orders
B. start
B. recognizable
B. well-being
B.
routine
B. run out
B. on occasion
B. failure
B. body
C. increases
C. identify
C. devoted
C.
incredible
C. in addition
C. leads to
C. instruction
C. hope
C. popular
C. function
C. scientific
C. go
down
C. after all
C. inferiority
C. fatness
D. reduces
D. distinguish
D. key
D. uncertain
D. without doubt
D. goes through
D. focus
D. fear
D. precise
D. weight
D. decisive
D. build up
D. in all
D. weakness
D. diseases
that fits best
according to the information given in the passage
you have read.
(A)
While a female
politician or first lady can use her clothing to
create a favorable public image,
male
politicians don’t have as many fashion choices to
play with. But Canadian Prime Minister
Justin
Trudeau seems to have discovered a goldmine – his
socks.
He’s been seen wearing ―statement
socks‖ at many public events. For example, during
a
NATO(北大西洋公约组织) meeting in Brussels in May,
Trudeau wore one blue sock and one
pink, both
with the NATO symbol printed on them. And in June,
he wore a pair of socks with the
pattern of
maple leaves – a national symbol of Canada – when
he appeared on a TV show.
The New York Times’
editor Vanessa Friedman praised Trudeau’s play on
his socks as
―clever‖.
―Socks are
subtle(微妙的) enough not to be distracting, but
visible enough that you can’t
miss the point,‖
she wrote. ―Rarely have a man’s ankles said so
much.‖
But not all the playful socks that
Trudeau wears send some kind of political message
– some
of them are just for fun.
One
example is a pair he wore during a meeting with
Enda Kenny, then the prime minister of
Ireland, in Montreal on May 4. During their
meeting, Trudeau wore Star Wars socks – simply
because that day happened to be International
Star Wars Day. If this pair of socks sent out any
message, according to Vogue magazine reporter
Emily Farra, that message was ―just that he has a
quirky side and loves George Lucas films,‖ she
wrote.
However, some say that 45-year-old
Trudeau’s unusual sock choices show a childish
side of
the prime minister that proves he
isn’t mature enough to be the leader of a country.
But Friedman doesn’t see it that way. ―The
socks have been a source of pride and applause on
an international scale – a symbol both of Mr
Trudeau’s ability to embrace multiculturalism and
of
his position as a next-generation leader
not bound by old traditions,‖ she wrote. ―They
have
opened up possibilities for the future.‖
1. Trudeau wore a pair of socks with the
pattern of maple leaves to _______
A. distract
audience’s attention from the TV shows
B. send
a message that he is proud of his country
C.
narrow the gap between politician and civilians
D. claim that he is the new-generation leader
of the country
2. The underlined word ―quirky‖
is closest in meaning to _______
A. abnormal
B. serious
C. enthusiastic
D. odd
3. According to Friedman, Justin Trudeau
_______
A. has a promising future but still an
inexperienced politician
B. used a
clever way to explore and finally discovered a
goldmine
C. is open-minded and is ready to
accept different cultures
D. is a leader who
has abandoned old traditions to build up his
future
4. The article is mainly about _______
A. the strange hobby of a young politician
B. a young leader’s clever choice of socks
C. how male politicians maintain public image
D. the gender difference in modern politicians
(B)
CAFE DISPLAY
OUR
JOURNEYS
12 April-29 May 2008
Young
people explore how they have adapted to life in
Oxford.
―When I first came here,‖ says one
young African woman, ―I just wanted to cry all the
time.
And now I have learned to laugh again.‖
Working with photographer Rory Carnegie and writer
Nikki van der Gaag, young men and women
explore their journey from the time they first
arrived
in a strange place to where they find
themselves today. Organized by The Sunday Times
Oxford
Literary Festival (10-17 April 2008).
Supported by the Maggie Black Trust and Oxford
City
Council.
● ACTIVlTlES FOR CHlLDREN
AND FAMILIES
● MODERN ART TROLLEY FREE
Art
activities for children every weekend during the
exhibition in the Entrance Space from 2
p. m.
to 4 p. m. Just drop in. Children must be led by
an adult.
● WORKSHOP FOR 8 TO 12 YEAR OLDS
Thursday 7 April, 10:30 a. m. to 1:30 p. m.
Looking at themes from the exhibition and
exploring pictures based ideas through group
discussion and using digital cameras. Led by
Judie Waldmann.
● BOOK LAUNCH FREE
The
Drawing Book by Sarah Simblet is a practical
approach to drawing the world around you.
Sarah Simblet, who teaches at the Ruskin
School of Drawing and Fine Art, University of
Oxford,
will be present to give a short talk
about the development of her book. Special price
of£18 on
copies purchased in the evening.
Booking recommended on 01865 813802
●
TEACHERS’ EVENING FREE
Thursday 21 April, 5
p.m. to 7:30 p. m.
Lecture by Susan Bright,
independent writer and lecturer, at 5:30 p. m.
followed by an
opportunity to view the
exhibition. FREE Education Notes will be provided
for teachers attending
the evening.
● WORKSHOP FOR PRIMARY TEACHERS
Saturday 7
May, 10:30 a. m. to 1:30 p. m.
Workshop for
primary teachers who would like to develop their
practical art skill as well as
gain an
understanding of modern art practice. Led by Judie
Waldmann, artist and former primary
school
teacher.
● TALKS AND WORKSHOPS FOR SCHOOL
GROUPS
Exhibition talks and artist-led
workshops to create work in response to the
exhibition are
available for pre-booked school
groups. Suitable for primary and secondary
schools, to check
availability and discuss
details call Sarah Mossop on 1865 813816.
1.
If you are a teacher and interested in art,
you probably would like to go to ________.
A.
TEACHERS’ EVENING
B. MODERN ART TROLLEY
C.
WORKSHOP FOR PRIMARY TEACHERS
D. TALKS AND
WORKSHOPS FOR SCHOOL GROUPS
2. What can we
learn from the passage?
A. Susan Bright will
give a short talk at the launch of the Drawing
Book.
B. Rory Carnegie and Nikki will teach
young people how to take photos.
C. The
workshop led by Judie is intended for the
secondary school students.
D. The children who
go to the Modern Art Trolley must be led by an
adult.
3. Which of the following would be the
best title of the text?
A. Free journeys
B. Spring events
C. Weekend Activities
D. Activities for teachers
(C)
Researchers in the field of psychology have
found that one of the best ways to make an
important decision, such as choosing a
university to attend or a business to invest in,
involves the
utilization of a decision
worksheet. Psychologists who study optimization
compare actual
decisions made by people to
theoretical ideal decisions to see how similar
they are. Supporters of
the worksheet
procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that
is, the best decisions. Although
there are
several variations on the exact format that
worksheet can take, they are all similar in their
essential aspects. Worksheets require defining
the problem in a clear and concise way and then
listing all possible solutions to the problem.
Next, the relevant considerations that will be
affected
by each decision are listed, and the
relative importance of each consideration or
consequence is
determined. Each consideration
is assigned a numerical value to reflect its
relative importance. A
decision is
mathematically calculated by adding these values
together. The alternative with the
highest number of points emerges as the
best decision.
Since most important problems
are multifaceted(多层面的), there are several
alternatives to
choose from, each with unique
advantages and disadvantages. One of the benefits
of a pencil and
paper decision-making
procedure is that it permits people to deal with
more variables than their
minds can generally
comprehend and remember. On the average, people
can keep about seven
ideas in their minds at
once. A worksheet can be especially useful when
the decision involves a
large number of
variables with complex relationships. A realistic
example for many college
students is the
question ―What will I do after graduation?‖ A
graduate might seek a position that
offers
specialized training, pursue an advanced degree,
or travel abroad for a year.
A decision-
making worksheet begins with a brief statement of
the problem that will also help
to narrow it.
It is important to be clear about the distinction
between long-range and immediate
goals because
long-range goals often involve a different
decision than short-range ones. Focusing
on
long range goals, a graduating student might
revise the question above to ―What will I do
after graduation that will lead to a
successful career?‖
1. Of the following
steps, which occurs before the others in making a
decision worksheet?
A. Listing the
consequences of each solution.
B. Calculating
a numerical summary of each solution.
C.
Deciding which consequences are most important.
D. Writing down all possible solutions.
2.
According to decision-worksheet theory, an
optional decision is defined as one that _______.
A. has the fewest variables to consider
B.
uses the most decision worksheets
C. has the
most points assigned to it
D. is agreed to by
the greatest number of people
3. The author
states that ―On the average, people can keep about
seven ideas in their minds at
once‖ to explain
that ________.
A. most decisions involve seven
steps
B. human mental capacity has limitations
C. some people have difficulty making minor as
well as major decisions
D. people can learn to
keep more than seven ideas in their minds with
practice
4. What does the passage mainly
discuss?
A. A tool to assist in making complex
decisions.
B. A comparison of actual decisions
and ideal decisions.
C. Research on how people
make decisions.
D. Differences between long-
range and short-range decision making.
Section C (8%)
Directions: Complete
the following passage by using the sentences given
below. Each sentence
can be used only once.
Note that there are two sentences more than you
need.
A. Add a short but descriptive subject
line.
B. Having others waiting for your
e-mails hurts their enthusiasm for work.
C. It
could get you a bad reputation as being
indiscreet.
D. People find long e-mails
irksome and energy-sapping.
AB. Rushed e-mails
that violate the basic norms of written language
bespeak carelessness.
AC. Sending out e-mails
after working hour could be seen as being
impolite.
Your clients and colleagues
don’t have time to engage fully with every e-mail
they get. Some
of them receive hundreds of
messages per day. That’s why they start with the
ones they can deal
with quickly. They may
never get around to answering — or even reading —
the rest.
So how do you earn their attention?
Try these tips:
Stick to standard
capitalization and punctuation. Conventions of
good writing may seem like
a waste of time for
e-mail, especially when you’re tapping out
messages on a handheld device.
But it’s a
matter of getting things right — the little
things. Even if people in your group don’t
capitalize or punctuate in their messages,
stand out as someone who does. ______67_____ And
their abbreviated style can be confusing. It
takes less time to write a clear message the first
time
around than it does to follow up to
explain what you meant to say.
Be brief — but
not too brief. _____68____ The more they have to
scroll or swipe, the less
receptive they’ll be
to your message. They’ll probably just skim it and
miss important details — or
skip it
altogether. So rarely compose more than a single
screen of reading. Focus your content, and
tighten your language. But as you’re trimming
the fat from your message, keep the meat intact.
When giving a project update, for example,
supply enough background information to orient
your
readers. Consider your message from their
perspective. They aren’t as immersed in your
project as
you are, and they probably have
many other things going on. So remind them where
things stood
when you last sent an update, and
describe what’s happened since then.
____69____ Before hitting ―Send,‖ check your
subject line. If it’s generic or blank, your
message will get lost in your recipient’s
overstuffed inbox. Are you asking someone to take
action?
Highlight that in the subject line.
Make your request easy to find — and fulfill.
Copy people judiciously. Include only those
who will immediately grasp why they’re on the
thread; don’t automatically click on ―Reply
All.‖ Your correspondent may have been over
inclusive with the ―Copy‖ list, and if you
repeat that mistake, you’ll continue to annoy the
recipients who shouldn’t be there. ____70____
Summary Writing(共10分)
Directions: Read the following passage.
Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)
of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use
your own words as far as possible.
Tired
of all the pushing in supermarkets? Fed up with
waiting in endless lines to pay for what
you
have bought? Angry at wasting time in traffic jams
only to find no parking spaces when you
eventually arrive at the store? If this is
you, then online shopping is the answer to your
dreams of
trouble-free shopping.
Online
shopping brings its own challenges. Here are a few
things to bear in mind when
browsing various
websites. The claim made by online sites is that
shopping online is a safe and
secure way to
make purchases. The evidence challenges this. In
any case, you only have to be the
victim of
fraud (欺骗) once to experience all the problems
that come with this form of stealing.
Use only
sites that have a trusted history and an excellent
reputation.
Another problem is that the
appearance of items in reality is often quite
different from what
you see on your computer
screen. This might not be a problem if you are
buying washing up
powder but could be a major
disappointment when that beautiful blue dress you
ordered turns up
in green. Also, product
descriptions are sometimes simply untrue! Perhaps
the wisest plan is to
purchase items whose
design and color are not essential to customer
satisfaction.
Some even argue that online
shopping indirectly contributes to global warming.
Yes, your car
can stay parked but how are
online goods delivered? Often by some large van
pouring out carbon
monoxide and adding to our
already desperate traffic problems. You are also
by now becoming
increasingly irritated(使烦恼) by
the fact that the delivery is late !
第II卷(共40分)
I.
Translation(3+3+4+5=15分)
Directions: Translate
the following sentences into English, using the
words given in the brackets.
1.人们的共同之处越多,相处得就越好。(common)
_________
__________________________________________________
____________________
____________________
__________________________________________________
_________
2.缺乏实践经验的大学毕业生不大可能找到高薪的工作。(likely)
______________________________________________
_________________________________
_______
__________________________________________________
______________________
3.直到被送入手术室,他才明白遵守交通规则的重要性。(Not...until)
<
br>_______________________________________________
________________________________
________
__________________________________________________
_____________________
4.网上的报道引起了公众对食品安全的关
心,但真正重要的是怎样才能阻止这样的悲剧再发
生。(matter)
____
__________________________________________________
_________________________
_______________
__________________________________________________
______________
VI. Guided Writing
(25%)
Directions: Write an English composition
in 120-150 words according to the instructions
given
below in Chinese.
简要描述所示图片内容,并就图片所显示出的主题结合生活实际谈谈你的看法。
【答案】are
taught ;that;to fulfill;misguided;spending;could;f
or;how;others;which
【答案】F K I B H J E D C G
【答案】B D A B A C C B D A B D A D C
【答案】1.B
2.D 3.C 4.B
【答案】1.C 2.D 3.B
【答案】1.D 2.C
3.B 4.A
【答案】 1. AB 2. D 3. A 4. C
(要点一) Online shopping can free you of the
trouble you meet when buying things in store.
(要点二)However, it has challenges. Firstly, you
should bear in mind that you must use sites
which deserve trusting. (要点三) Secondly, you
shouldn’t believe all the descriptions because
they may be untrue.(要点四)Lastly,you should know
although the delivery may be late, it may
cause global warming.(60words)
1.【答案】The
more people have in common, the better they will
get along with each other.
2.【答案】University
graduates without any practical experience are not
likely to find a well-paid
job.
3.【答案】Not
until he was sent to the operation room did he
understand the importance of
observing the
traffic rules .
4.【答案】The reports on the
websites have caused the public concern about the
disadvantaged, but
what really matters is how
to prevent such tragedies (as this) from happening
again.
Switch on the computer, get on the
Internet, find baidu—a powerful search engine,
type into
the home assignment and finally it’s
done. That’s what most ordinary students probably
do and the
number is increasing greatly every
day, which definitely worries many teachers and
parents.
However, as far as I am concerned,
there should be a fine line between searching for
information
needed in homework and searching
for information to excuse for laziness.
First
and foremost, never will a student truly improve
his scope of knowledge, cultivate his
problem-
solving ability and then gain self-satisfaction
and self-confidence in this way. Homework
is
intended to check whether a student has grasped
certain knowledge, but with the rapid
development of science and technology, a vast
majority of students have turned to computers to
save their time and energy on homework, which
will definitely hold back the students’ self-
testing
and do great harm to students
themselves and their teachers.
On top of that,
this kind of action will prevent teachers from
having a good command of
students’ learning
progress. For example, if a student gets straight
As in almost all learning
sections, then on no
account will a teacher think the student will fail
in the exam. But what if he
does? Is the
teacher to blame?
Therefore, it is this sort
of behavior that stops students from learning
themselves and keeps
teachers from learning
their students. If this trend is reversed, it will
be a win-win strategy for both
students and
teachers.