关于西方思想家卢梭的 英文传记 经典实用
云师大实验中学-政法管理干部学院
Introduction :
(1)Jean
Jacques Rousseau was born in Geneva, Switzerland,
into a Protestant
family of French refugees,
and his mother died of puerperal fever shortly
after his
birth .
(2)He was a Genevan
philosopher, writer, and composer of 18th-century
Romanticism .
His political philosophy
heavily influenced the French Revolution, as well
as the
American Revolution and the overall
development of modern political,
sociological
and educational thought.
（1）让·雅克·卢梭出生在瑞士日
内瓦的一个法国难民的新教家庭中，在他出生后不久，母
亲死于产褥热。
(2)他是一个加尔文派的哲学家，18世纪浪漫主义的作家和作曲家。
他的政治哲学很大程
度上影响了法国大革命和美国革命，从整体上影响了现代政治学、社会
学和教育思想的发展。
Experience:
(1)At about the age of twelve.
Rousseau ended his formal education.
(2)At
the age of 16 Rousseau left Geneva to travel. The
next 20 years he spent
traveling, studying,
and adventuring.
(3)His personal life was a
mess, and there are some private foibles that many
ordinary people can not accept.
(4)From
1731 until 1740 Rousseau lived with Madame de
Warens.
(5)In 1741, he met Thérèse Le
Vasseur, with whom he stayed for the rest of his
life, never marrying her. They had five
children whom Rousseau allegedly
consigned to
a foundling hospital. In The Confessions ,
Rousseau expressed his
eternal and bitter
regret.
(6)In 1743-44 ,living in Paris ,he
earned his living with secretarial work and
musical copying.
(7)He died of apoplexy
on July 2, 1778. Rousseau„s remains were placed
with
Voltaire‟s in the Panthéon (先贤祠）in Paris
in 1794.
(1)在12岁的时候，卢梭结束了他的正式教育。
(2)16岁的卢梭离开日内瓦开始旅行。在接下来的20年里，他主要是学习,旅游,冒险。
(3)他的个人生活一团糟,还有一些普通人不能接受的私人缺点。
(4)1731—1740年，卢梭与夫人德·华伦生活在一起。
(5)在1741年,他结
识了特莱斯,并与她一起度过余生,但没有娶她。按照卢梭的说法，他们有5
个孩子，托
付给了孤儿院。在《忏悔录》中,卢梭表达了他永恒的、痛苦的遗憾。
(6)在1743 -
44年,他住在巴黎,通过做秘书的工作和抄写乐谱来谋生。
(7)1778年7月2日，他死于中风
。1794年，卢梭的遗体迁至于巴黎先贤祠，与伏尔泰在一起。
Along with his
most famous political tract, The Social Contract ,
Rousseau also
contributed to educational
philosophy, most notably in his Emile . An
unlikely
educator - Rousseau deemed himself a
second-rate teacher and unworthy
father ,Emile
has nonetheless been described as most significant
book on
education after Plato's Republic
同他的最著名的政治小册子 — 社会契约论一样出名的还有他的教育哲学之作—
爱弥儿。一
个最不可能的教育家——卢梭认为自己是一个二流的老师和没有价值的父亲,爱弥儿却被认<
br>为是继柏拉图的著作之后教育史上最重要的著作。
Discourse on the Arts and Sciences 《论科学与艺术》(won
the prize argued that
the development
of the arts and sciences did not improve man in
habits and moral
Discourse
on the Origin of Inequality 《论人类不平等的起源和基础》(he
maintained that only the uncorrupted savage is
in possession of real virtue. The cultivation
of earth and invention of metallurgy led to
the birth of work and property.
Julie 《新爱洛伊斯》 (was an 18th-century best-
seller.
The Social Contract
《社会契约论》 ( which starts with the famous
declaration,
and still remains a
greater slave than catchphrase 'Liberty,
Equality, Fraternity‟,
inspired the
French Revolution.
Emile:
or, On Education《爱弥儿》(
After its
publication, Èmile was banned both in France and
Switzerland. Èmile paved way for
the
liberal modern educational experiments. It stated
that only through proper education in youth
could the
and youth should be taught
mothers.
Confessions 《忏悔录》(the first “romantic”
autobiography. The book was part
of his
immersion into self-observation, also exemplified
in Rousseau Judge of Jean-Jacques
and
the Reveries（梦想） .
论述了艺术与科学学院《论科学与艺术》(“1749”)
赢得了奖;认为在艺术和科学发展不完善
《论科学与艺术》(获得了奖项。其中，他认为
：科学与艺术的进步并没有增进人们
的习惯和道德。
《论人类不平等的起源和基础》(他坚持
认为,只有未堕落的野蛮人是拥有真正的美
德。土地的耕种和冶金的发明导致了社会分工和财产权的产生
。
《新爱洛伊斯》(“1761”)是18世纪的畅销书。
《社会契约论》(“1762”
),开篇第一句就成了后来的名言：,“人是生而自由的,却无处不在枷
锁之中。自以为是他人的主人,
却比他人更像是奴隶。它的口号“自由、平等、博爱”,鼓舞了
法国大革命。
《爱弥儿》(“
1762”)出版之后,在法国和瑞士是禁止的。爱弥儿为现代的自由教育实践奠定
了基础。它表示,只
有在青年的时候接受适当的教育才能成长为一个“自然人”。孩子应当在
12岁之前远离书本，青年人只
能接受“自然宗法”的教育。女孩则只能被培养成妻子和母
亲。
《忏悔录》(“1788”)
是第一个“浪漫”的自传。这本书是他潜心自我观察的一部分,是以对让·雅
克·卢梭的批判和他的梦想
为例的。