全新版大学英语四Unit-1课件
衡阳市铁一中-生物圈中的人
全新版大学英语四Unit-1课件
Teaching Plan for
College English
Book 4
全新版大学英语第四册教案
05—06学年下学期
内容：1—8 课
教师：Wang Yalei
授课对象：2004级
Unit 1 Fighting
with the Forces of Nature
Text A The Icy
Defender
Ⅰ. Objectives
Students will be
able to:
1. grasp the main idea and structure
of the text;
2. do a comparison and contrast
between Napoleon’s invasion of Russia and Hitler’s
invasion
of the Soviet Union;
3. master
the key language points and grammatical structures
in the text;
4. conduct a series of reading,
listening, speaking and writing activities related
to the theme
of the unit.
Ⅱ. Teaching
Plan
1. Time Allocation (Total 6 Periods)
1.1 Pre-reading tasks (10 minutes)
1.2
New words and phrases (90 minutes)
1.3 Text
(1 period)
1.4 Exercises on Textbook (1
period)
1.5 Reading Activities (1 periods)
1.6 Theme-related language learning tasks (1
period)
2. Procedures & Methods
2.1
Pre-reading tasks
--think about “forces
of nature” and explain the relationship between
men and nature
--discuss about the role
of the whether in a battle
2.2 New words and
phrases (See Ⅲ, A)
2.3 Text
--Main idea:
In the two invasions launched
respectively by Napoleon and Hitler, their
failure to reckon with the cold Russian winter
resulted in their defeat. The
winter was an
icy defender for the Russian people.
--Structure:
4 parts—introduction (the
failure of two famous military campaigns)
Napoleon’s military campaign against Russia
Hitler’s military campaign against the Soviet
Union
Conclusion (the elements of nature
must be reckoned with in any
campaign)
--Cultural notes:
* Napoleon Bonaparte * the
Battle of Waterloo
* Adolf Hitler * Joseph
Stalin
* Leningrad & Stalingrad * World War Ⅱ
--Language points (see Ⅲ)
--Comparison-and-Contrast Analysis of the Two
Invasions
2.4 Exercises on Textbook
1
★ Vocabulary: I,
III
Structure: 2.
Comprehensive exercises: Ⅰ(A), Ⅱ
2.5 Reading
Activities
--Reading skill
learning: Identifying Transitions between Ideas
(I)
--Practice: Text B & Unit 1 in
Reading Course
2.6 Theme-related language
learning tasks
--writing: Providing
evidence
Ⅲ. Key Language Points
A.
Vocabulary
1. in the case of 至于，就…来说
e.g.
The rise in interest rate will be disastrous ~
small firms.
In the case of Tom,
carelessness caused his failure.
→ in case
以防，以防万一
e.g. You’d better bring your
umbrella in case it should rain.
in that
case 既然那样，假使那样的话
e.g. --I’ve make up my
mind.
--In that case, there’s no point
discussing it.
in any case 无论如何，不管怎样
e.g. We’ll leave here in any case.
2.
stand get be in the way 挡道，妨碍
e.g. Our reform
has to be put aside because the old system is in
the way.
I don’t think kids have as much
fun as we used to. Fierce competition keeps
getting in
the way of their development.
Your leisure interests should never get in the way
of your career.
3. launch v.
1)
开始从事，发起，发动
e.g. In 1999, this committee
launched a campaign to protect wild lives.
After the robbery the police launched an
investigation at once.
That year
Napoleon’s army launched an attack invasion
against of Russia.
2) （首次）上市，发行
e.g.
They held a party to launch his latest novel.
The new model of our products will be launched in
July.
3) 使（新船）下水
e.g. The Navy is to
launch a new warship today.
4) 发射
e.g. In 1957, Soviet scientists launched the
world’s first artificial satellite.
4.
efficient adj. 效率高的，有能力的
e.g. an efficient
secretary teacher manager
efficient
heating system
the efficient use of energy
2
→ efficiency n.
effective a. 产生预期结果的，有效的; 生效的
e.g. a
simple but highly effective treatment
The new speed limit on this road becomes effective
from 1 June.
5. decisive a. 决定性的，关键的；果断的
e.g. This was a decisive victory in the World
War II.
The cold weather was a decisive factor
in this battle.
She has played a decisive role
in the peace negotiations.
The government
must take decisive action on gun control.
decide, decision
6. be get bogged down
陷入泥潭，不能前进，停滞不前
e.g. It’s dangerous to cross
the marshland because we may get bogged down in
the mud.
Our troops were bogged down due
to the slow supply.
7. engage v.
1)
与…交战开战
e.g. We engaged the enemy in a small
valley.
2) 使从事、参加
常用 engage (sb.) in sth
e.g. He engaged in various electing campaigns
to increase his exposure to the public.
She
tried desperately to engage him in conversation.
3) 占用（时间、精力）等, 忙于 be engaged (inon sth)
e.g. They are engaged in talks with the Germen
government.
I phoned earlier but you were
engaged.
4) 订婚 be get engaged to sb
e.g. She’s engaged to Peter.
When did
you get engaged?
8. be faced with
面临，面对，要对付
e.g. The librarians were faced with
the huge task of listing all the boos.
We are
faced with great challenge from foreign auto
industries.
9. take a gamble risk
（
by doing doing
）
冒险
e.g. The
company took a gamble by cutting the price of
their products, and it paid off.
I think she’s
taking a gamble investing all her money in stocks.
10. press on ahead (with sth.)
（不顾困难）继续进行（某事）
e.g. Organizers of the strike
are determined to press on.
Despite all the
opposition, our schoolmaster is keen to press on
with education reform.
11. occupation n.
1) 侵占，占领
e.g. During the Japanese
occupation of China, millions of innocent Chinese
people were
killed by Japanese soldiers.
3
The areas under
occupation contain major industrial areas.
2）使用，居住，占用
e.g. The office will be ready for
occupation in June. （使用）
3) 工作，职业
e.g.
Please write down your name, age and occupation.
→ occupy v.
12. drag on 缓慢费力地走，拖延
e.g. The troops dragged on in the snow.
These problems have already dragged on for one
year.
How much longer is the meeting going
to drag on?
13. stroke n.
1)
一次，一回，一下，一击
e.g. By a stroke of good luck, he
escaped the accident.
He drove in a nail
with one stroke of the hammer.
at a (single)
stroke at one stroke 一下子，一举
e.g. I saw a
chance of solving all my problems at a stroke.
2) 一笔，笔划
3) 中风
14. at the
cost of 以…为代价
e.g. She saved the boy from the
fire but at the cost of her own life.
The
local government developed its economy but at the
cost of environment.
→ at any cost
在任何情况下，无论如何
e.g. He is determined to win
at any cost.
at all cost costs 不惜任何代价
e.g. We must prevent him from investigating this
case at all costs.
at cost 按成本，按成本价计算
e.g. goods sold at cost
15. catch sb. off
(one’s) guard 趁某人不备， 使人丧失警惕
e.g. Caught off
guard, the enemy were defeated by our sudden
attack.
The lawyer’s question caught the
witness off (his) guard.
16. instruct
v.
1) 指示，命令，吩咐
e.g. The letter
instructed him to report to the headquarter
immediately.
He instructed that a wall be
built around the city.
2）教授，传授 ~ sb. in on
sth.
e.g. Tom instructs us in sign language.
3) 告知，通知
e.g. The professor instructed
us that we had one month to conduct the project.
→ instruction n. 指示，命令
17.
render v. 使成为，使变成，使处于某状态=make
4
e.g. The wide use of telephone has
almost rendered telegraph useless.
Hundreds
of people were rendered homeless by the
earthquake.
He was rendered unconscious by
a blow on the back of the neck.
18. bring
to a halt 使停止
e.g. The traffic in this street
has been brought to a halt by a severe accident.
Our plan was brought to a halt by his
sudden illness.
→ bring to an end a close
conclusion 使结束
e.g. He brought the meeting
to an end by giving a brief summary.
The
Red Army brought its winter attack to a successful
conclusion.
19. offensive
--n. 进攻
e.g. They launched another offensive three
months later.
--a. 进攻的，冒犯的，得罪人的，令人不快的
e.g.
It’s urgent to take offensive action now.
Some jokes may be offensive to foreign people.
Many ladies found the words printed on the
box offensive.
An offensive smell made me
sick.
→ offend v.
1) 得罪，冒犯
e.g. They’ll be offended if you don’t go to their
wedding. (生气)
He didn’t mean to
offend anybody with his joke.
2）犯罪，犯法
e.g. He started offending at the age of 16.
offender n. 犯罪者，违法者，罪犯
offence n. 冒犯，违法行为
20. thanks to 幸亏，由于，因为
e.g. Thanks to
his financial support, we were able to continue
our research.
Thanks to their tireless
efforts, the performance was a great success.
有时可用于反语：Everyone knows about it now, thanks to
you!
→ due to, owing to, because of
21. reckon v.
1) 想，认为
e.g. I reckon
that I’m going to get that job.
Many people
reckon him to be a great basketball player.
2）(be reckoned) 被普遍认为是，被看作是
e.g.
Children are reckoned more sophisticated nowadays.
3）估计，估算 (常用被动)
e.g. The age of the
earth is reckoned at about 4,600 million years.
The journey was reckoned to take about
two hours.
★reckon with .→be reckoned with
重视，认真处理, 把（可能出现的问题）考虑进
去
e.g. She is a
woman to be reckoned with.
5
All these problems had to be reckoned with as
they arose.
I didn’t reckon with getting
caught up in so much traffic.
22. take its a
toll (of on) 造成损失、伤亡
e.g. The famine took a
toll of 3,000,000 lives.
His hard work has
taken its toll on his health.
High wages have
taken their toll on the American economy.
B. Structures & Grammar
1
．“
To
one’s + adjective” 令某人…的是
e.g. 1) To his
surprise, the Russians refused to stand and fight.
2)To his great delight, Dr. Deng
discovered two genes in wild rice that can
increase the
yield by 30 percent.
2.
different ways of expressing the location of a
place:
--Place 1 + (which lies) east, south,
north, west of + place 2
--…kilometers +
east, south, north, west of + place
e.g. 1)
These birds nest in the vast swamp east of the
Nile.
2) By 1948, the PLA had controlled the
vast area north of the Yangtze River.
3)
This river rises in western Canada and runs
through the USA about 1900 kilometers
west of
the Rocky Mountains.
3. verb (fall, lie, sit,
drop, stand and marry) + adjective
e.g. fall
ill dead asleep lie dead wounded
sick buried
sit (stand) still motionless
marry young
Ⅳ. Homework
Translate the following sentences into Chinese:
1. He was prepared for the fierce resistance
of the Russian people defending their homeland.
2. The quick, decisive victory that Napoleon
expected never happened.
3. The Russians
retreated eastward, burning their crops and homes
as they went.
4. Confident of a quick victory,
Hitler expected the campaign to last no longer
than three
months.
5. Caught off guard by
the invasion, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin
instructed the Russian
people to scorch the
earth in front the German invaders.
6. A short
distance from Moscow, the temperature had already
dropped to minus 4 degrees
Celsius.
7. Of
the six hundred thousand soldiers Napoleon had led
into Russia, less than one hundred
thousand
came back.
8. Despite great suffering, Soviet
defenders refused to give up Stalingrad.
Ⅴ. Comments
6
Unit 1 Fighting with the Forces of Nature
Key to Translation
The offensive had
already lasted three days, but we had not gained
much
ground. Our troops engaging the enemy at
the front were faced with
strongfiercestiff
resistance. The division commander instructed our
battalion to
get around to the rear of the
enemy and launch a surprise attack. To do so,
however, we had to cross a marshland and many
of us were afraid we might get
bogged down in
the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a
gamble.
We started under cover of darkness and
pressed on in spite of great difficulties.
By
a stroke of luck, the temperature at night
suddenly dropped to minus 20
degrees Celsius
and the marsh froze over. Thanks to the cold
weather, we
arrived at our destination before
dawn and began attacking the enemy from the
rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The
enemy, caught off guard, soon
surrendered.
Key To Structure (Unit 1, Book 4)
1. 1)
To his great delight, Dr. Deng discovered two
genes in wild rice that can
increase the yield
by 30 percent.
2) To her great relief, her
daughter had left the building before it
collapsed.
3) To our disappointment, our
women’s team lost out to the North Koreans.
4) We think, much to our regret, that we will not
be able to visit you during
the coming
Christmas.
2. 1) in the vast swamps
(which lie to the) east of the Nile
2) had
gained control of the vast areas north of the
Yangtze River
7
3) was
born in a small village in the north of France
4) runs through the United States for about
1,900 kilometers west of the Rocky
Mountains
8