东北农业大学研究生院-牧场之国教案

------------------------------------------- --------------------最新资料推荐------------------------ ------------------------------

英语二 UNIT2 课件

02-A. Black Holes 习 复习 UNIT 1: TEXT B 词组: 1. to
apply forto 2. day-to-day 3. to have no idea 4. to take the
trouble to do sth. 5. to put oneself in sbs place 6. to ones
advantagedisadvantage 7. at a disadvantage 8. to ask for 9.
in hand 10. to make sure ofthat 11. to turn down 12. as soon
as 第 第 1 段 段 What is a black hole? Well, it’s difficult
to answer this question, since the terms (thatwhich) we would
normally use to describe a scientific phenomenon are inadequate
（a. ） 不适当的）here. Astronomers and scientists think that
a black hole is a region of space (not a thing) into which matter
has fallen and from which nothing can escape ---- not even light.
So we can’t see a black hole. A black hole exerts a strong
gravitational pull and yet it has no matter. It is only space
-- or so we think. How can this happen? 1. exert: vt. 尽
（力）；发挥（威力）；施加（压力）；产生（影响）；行施（职权） 书
例句：
见书 P34. 2. or so we think : 我们就是这样认为的。
本句不表倒装，表对同一事实的确信、证实之意。
比较：
You asked him to leave, so did I. 你要他离开，我也要他



1 25

离开。
You asked me to leave, so I did. 你要我离开，我这样做了。

a region of space (not a thing) into which matter has fallen
and from which nothing can escape not even light. 天文科学
家和科学家认为黑洞是一个空间区域（而不是某个东西）， 物质掉进
去就难逃罗网，甚至连光也跑不了。
天文科学家和科学家认为黑洞是一个空间 区域（而不是某个东
西），物质掉进去就难逃罗网，甚至连光也跑不了。
关系代词在 从句中作介词宾语时，若介词随着关系代词提前，
关系代词不能使用关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时，若 介词随着关系
代词提前，关系代词不能使用 that, 若介词不提前，则不受此限制。
例如：
I didn’t know the matter thatwhich you referred to. 我
不知道你说的那件事。
第 第2 段The theory is that some stars explode when
their density increases to a particular point; they collapse
and sometimes a supernova occurs. From earth, a supernova looks
like a very bright light in the sky which shines even in the
daytime. Supernovae were reported by astronomers in the
seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Some people think that
the Star of Bethlehem （圣诞星）could have been a supernova.

--------------------------------------------- ------------------最新资料推荐-------------------------- ----------------------------

The collapse of a star may produce a White Dwarf or a neutron
star -- a star, whose matter is so dense that it continually
shrinks by the force of its own gravity. But if the star is very
large (much bigger than our sun) this process of shrinking may
be so intense that a black hole results. Imagine the earth
reduced to the size of a marble, but still having the same mass
and a stronger gravitational pull, and you have some idea of
the force of a black hole. Any matter near the black hole is
sucked in. It is impossible to say what happens inside a black
hole. Scientists have called the boundary area around the hole
the event horizon. We know nothing about events which happen
once objects pass this boundary. But in theory, matter must
behave very differently inside the hole. behaviour Broarden
horizon behave yourself! 1. collapse: 见课本 P34-35 例句 n.
倒塌, 崩溃, 瓦解; ( 健康等) 跨掉, ( 因精疲力竭) 倒下. v. 倒
塌, 崩溃 2 ．continually 屡次地、频繁地 continue, continual It
is raining continually. 派生词：
continual 不断的、连续的 He had continual complaints
about our manner. 近义词：
continuously 不断地、连续地 He continuously made mistakes.
3. shrink （使）缩短，（使）收缩，畏缩 shrink+ 副词 介词短

3 25

语 ：
That sweater shrank in the wash. The girl shrank back
in fear. shrink+ 名词：
This detergent wont shrink wool 这种洗洁剂不会使毛料收
缩。
100% cotton 4 ．result 1) result+from+ 名词 ：
由 造成 结果、 由 引起 The terrible accident resulted
from his carelessness. 那桩可怕的事故是因他的疏忽大意引起的。
那桩可怕的事故是因他的疏忽大意引起的。
2) result+in+ 名词：
导致、引起 lead to His attempt resulted in failure. 他
的尝试终于失败了。
5 ．reduce 1) reduce+ 名词：
把。
。
。
减少、下降、减弱 She reduced her weight by 5 kilograms.
2) reduce+ 名词＋to+ 名词 动名词 ：
使。
。
。
变为） 成为（可用于被动语态） The bombs reduced the city

--------------------------------------------- ------------------最新资料推荐-------------------------- ----------------------------

to ruins 炸弹使那座城市变为废墟 She was reduced to tears at
the sight. 她看到那情景就哭了起来。

in the sky which shines even in the daytime. 从地球上看，超
新星就像是天空中一盏明亮的灯，即使在白昼中也闪闪发光。
1) supernova 的复数形式是 supernovae. 2) in the daytime
与 与 at night 相反，表示在白昼 例如：

very large （much bigger than our sun ）this process of shrinking
may be so dense that a black hole results. 如果恒星非常大（比
太阳还大的多），那么其收缩过程就极为剧烈，以至产生了黑洞。
如果恒星非常大（比太阳还大的多），那么其收缩过程就极为剧
烈，以至产生了黑洞。
so that 在此 引导一个结果状语从句，从句谓语动词用陈述语
气 ， 若引导目的状语从句，从句谓语动词则用虚拟语气
（ （cancouldmaymight+：
动词原形）。
例如：
The writer explained so carefully that the reader could
understand better. result 在这里是不及物动词，表示作为结果发
生，经常与介词 in 和 和from 搭配分别表示导致和是由：

5 25

引起的。
例如：
His illness resulted from eating bad food. 第 第 3 段 段
For example, if a man fell into a black hole, he would think
that he reached the center of it very quickly. However an
observer at the event horizon would think that the man never
reached the center at all. Our space and time laws don’t seem
to apply to objects in the area of a black hole. Einstein’s
relativity theory is the only one which can explain such
phenomena. Einstein claimed that matter and energy are
interchangeable, so that there is no absolute time and space.
There are no constants (常量) at all, and measurements of time
and space depend on the position of the observer. They are
relative. We do not yet fully understand the implications of
the relativity theory; but it is interesting that Einstein’s
theory provided a basis for the idea of black holes before
astronomers started to find some evidence for their existence.
It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific
research into black holes. In August 1977, a satellite was
launched to gather data about the 10 million black holes which
are thought to be in the Milky Way. And astronomers are planning
a new observatory to study the individual exploding stars

--------------------------------- ------------------------------最新资料推荐-------------- ----------------------------------------

believed to be black holes. 1. apply to sth. 1) 把 应用于
Students are to learn to apply to practice. 学生们应学会把
理论应用于实践. 2) 致力于 You only pass your exams if you
really apply yourself to your work. 你只有真正专心用功, 考试
才能及格. 2. basis 基础、根据（复数为 bases ） His theory has
a solid basis in facts. 他的理论有很多事实根据。
3. launch 见课本 P35 。
vt. 发射，投射；使（船）下水 . 发动，发起（运动等）
research into black holes. 是最近天文学家才真正开始研究黑
洞。
语 这里的强调句式强调的是一个副词短语 only recently.
词 名词 research 与介词 into 搭配表示对：
的研究，例如：
Scientists carry out a research into the causes of cancer.
第 第 4 段 The most convincing evidence of black holes comes
from research into binary star systems. Binary stars, as their
name suggests, are twin stars whose position in space affects
each other. In some binary systems, astronomers have shown that
there is an invisible companion star, a partner to the one which
we can see in the sky. Matter from the one which we can see is

7 25

being pulled towards the companion star. Could this invisible
star, which exerts such a great force, be a black hole?
Astronomers have evidence of a few other stars too, which might
have black holes as companion
suggests, are twin stars whose position in space affects each
other 顾名思义，双星就是一对恒星，其空间位置相互影响。
as 在这里是一个关系代词，as theirits name suggests
implies 表示顾名思义。
例如：
表示顾名思义。
例如：
Watchdog, as its name suggests, is kept to guard property.
看家狗，顾名思义，是用来看家的。

there is an invisible companion star, a partner to the one
which we can see in the sky. 在一些双星系中，天文学家证明有< br>一种看不见的伴星，即我们能够在天空中看到的那颗星的伙伴在一些
双星系中，天文学家证明有一 种看不见的伴星，即我们能够在天空中
看到的那颗星的伙伴 a partner to 表示是 的伙伴 例如：
He is a good partner to me in business. 第 第5 段The
story of black holes is just beginning. Speculations about them
are endless. There might be a massive black hole at the center

---------------------------- -----------------------------------最新资料推荐--------- ---------------------------------------------

of our galaxy swallowing up stars at a very rapid rate. Mankind
may one day meet this fate. On the other hand, scientists have
suggested that very advanced technology could one day make use
of the energy of black holes for mankind. These speculations
sound like science fiction. But the theory of black holes in
space is accepted by many serious scientists and astronomers.
They show us a world which operates in a totally different way
from our own and they question our most basic experience of
space and time. 1. speculation n. 1) speculation+abouton
upon+ 名词：
深思、揣想、推测 He made speculations on the purpose of
life. 他对人生的目的进行深思。
2) peculation +in+ 名词：
对。
。
。
投机 Speculation in stocks is a dangerous way of making
a fortune. 股票投机是一种危险的发财方式。
股票投机是一种危险的发财方式。
2 ．swallow v. 1) swallow+up+ 名词 ：
吞没、吞。

9 25

。
。
。
He swallowed up the medicine with water. 2) Swallow+ 名
词：
（口语）轻信、忍受 She couldnt swallow his insults.
3 ．operate v. 见课本 P35-36 vi. 运转，起作用；动手术
（ON ， UPON ） vt. 操作，操纵，经营；对 动手术
other hand, scientists have suggested that very advanced
technology could one day make use of the energy of black holes
for mankind. 而科学家们认为，有朝一日高度发达的技术或许能利
用黑洞的能量造福人类。
而科学家们认为，有朝一日高度发达的技术或许能利用黑洞的能
量造福人类。
1) one day 既可指（过去）有一天，也可以指（将来）总会有
一天。
例如：
One day well get ourselves a new car. 2) Make use of 表
示利用，与 put to use 意思相同，use 前可以有形容词修饰。
前可以有形容词修饰。
例如: We should make full use of our natural resources.

< br>----------------------------------------------- ----------------最新资料推荐---------------------------- --------------------------

way from our own and they question our most basic experience
of space and time..他 他 们向我们展示了一个与我们这个世界运
行方式完全不同的世界，并对我们最基本的时空体验提出了质疑。
们向我们展示了一个与我们这个世界运行方式完全不同的世界，
并对我们最基本的时空体验提出了质疑。
1) Totally 是副词修饰 different, 相当于 completely. 2) A
totally different way from our own 成 也可以说成 a way totally
different from our own. Question 作及物动词用，表示向某人提
问，质问 She openly questioned the truth of this statement.
她公开对这件事的真实性表示怀疑。
02-B. Worlds within Worlds 第 第 1 段 段 First of all
let us consider the earth (that is to say, the world) as a planet
revolving round the sun. The earth is one of nine planets which
move in orbit round the sun. These nine planets, together with
the sun, make up what is called our solar system. How this
wonderful system started and what kept it working with such
wonderful accuracy is largely a mystery but astronomers tell
us that it is only one of millions of similar systems in space,
and one of the smallest. 1. revolve 1) 旋转（与 around,about
连用） ：
The wheel is revolving about its axis. 轮子在轴上转动。

11 25

The earth revolves round the sun. 地球绕太阳转。
2 ）围绕、以：
为主题：
Their troubles revolve around money management. 他们的麻
烦围绕着金钱管理他们的麻烦围绕着金钱管理 2. largely 1 ）
大部分地；主要地：
It is largely a matter of conjecture. 。
这多半是猜测。
2 ）大量地：
We dislike him in that he drinks largely. 我们不喜欢他主
要是因为他酗酒。
我们不喜欢他主要是因为他酗酒。
3. These nine planets, together with the sun, make up what
is called our solar system. 这九大行星和太阳一起组成了所谓的
我们的太阳系。
1 ）together with 的意思是与 一起，由它引导的短语在句子
中往往作 状语，而在本句中它作插入语。
2 ）what is called 是一个宾语从句，在句子中作插入语。
4. How this wonderful system started .and one of the
smallest. 这奇妙的星系是怎样开始的，什么使它保持极精确地运
行，这是一个很大的迷。
但天文 学家告诉我们，太阳系只是太空中几百万个类似星系中的

-------------- -------------------------------------------------最 新资料推荐--------------------------------------------- ---------

一个，而且是最小的一个。
这奇妙的星系是怎样开始的，什么使它保持极精确地运行，这是
一个很大的迷。
但天文学家告诉我们，太阳系只是太空中几百万个类似星系中的
一个，而且是最小的一个。
1) How this wonderful system started 和 和 what keep it
working with such wonderful accuracy 是两个主语从句在句子中
充当主语。
It 是指代 the solar system. 2) keep doing(sth.)
意思为让 继续例如：
She kept me waiting for an hour. 3) with accuracy 可换
成副词 accurately. 在英语中，介词 with 和 和 in 加上名词，等
于相应的副词加上名词，等于相应的副词, 例如：
Ill act on the plan with effect = Ill act on the plan
effectively. 我将有效地执行这项计划。
第 第 2 段 段 The stars which we see ( ) glittering in
the sky on a dark and cloudless night are almost certainly the
suns of other solar systems more or less like our own, but they
are so far away in space that it is unlikely that we shall ever
get to know very much about them. About our own solar system,
however, we are learning more every day. The stars which we

13 25

see glittering in the sky on a dark and cloudless night are
almost certainly the suns of other solar systems more or less
like our own, 在漆黑无云的夜空在漆黑无云的夜空 中，我们看到
的闪烁的星星几乎肯定是其它太阳系中一些类似我们星系中的恒星
中，我们看到的闪烁的星星几乎肯定是 其它太阳系中一些类似我们星
系中的恒星, More or less 意思为或多或少、有些、差不多 例如：
He is more or less drunk. 第 第 3 段 段 Before the
American and Russian astronauts made their thrilling journeys
into outer space it was difficult for us to realise what our
earth looked like from hundreds of thousands of miles away, but
the photographs which the astronauts were able to take show
us the earth in space looking not very different from what the
moon looks like when we look at it from the earth. The earth
is, however, very different from the moon, which the American
astronauts have found to be without life or vegetation, whereas
our earth is very much alive in every respect. The moon, by the
way, is called a satellite because it goes round our earth as
well as round the sun. In other words, it goes round the sun
with our earth. 1. thrilling 令人激动的，令人毛骨悚然的:
The thrilling stories are popular with boys. 2. whereas 1） ）
( 公文用语) ：
有鉴于：

-------------------------------------------------- -------------最新资料推荐------------------------------- -----------------------

Whereas the peoples of the colonies have been grieved and
burdened with taxes ... 鉴于各殖民地民众备受重税负担之苦....
2 ）而, 却, 倒; 其实, ：
反之：
They want a house, whereas we would rather live in a flat.
他们想要一座房子, 而我们宁愿住在一套房间里。
3. in every respect 从各个方面: He is superior to me in
every respect. 第 第 4 段 The surface of our earth is covered
by masses of land and larger areas of water. Let us consider
the water areas first. The total water area is about three times
as large as the land area. The very large separate areas of water
are called oceans and the lesser areas are called seas. The
total water area is about three times as large as the land area.
水的总面积大约是陆水的总面积大约是陆 地面积的三倍。
表示倍数有两种常见形式 ：
1) 数字+as+ 形容词 副词 +as : This room is twice as large
as that one. ( 表示三倍以上用times) 2) 数字＋名词: He has
twice the strength. 第 第5 段In most of the oceans and seas
some of the water is found to be flowing in a particular
direction -- that is to say, from one part towards another part
of the ocean or sea concerned. The water which is flowing in

15 25

this manner is said to be moving as a current. There are many
thousands of currents in the waters of the oceans and seas, but
only certain of the stronger and better marked currents are
specially named and of great importance. These currents are
important because they affect the climate of the land areas
close to where they flow and also because they carry large
quantities of microscopic animal and vegetable life which forms
a large part of the food for fishes. 1. certain of 一些（同
some ）：
Certain of the questions are beyond our reach. 这些问题
中有一些是我们无法理解的 2. These currents are
important ..the food for fishes. 这些海流是很重要的，因为它
们影响所流经邻近水域的陆地的气候，并携带大量的微生物和植物，
而这些构成了鱼类的大部分 食物。
这些海流是很重要的，因为它们影响所流经邻近水域的陆地的气
候，并携带大量 的微生物和植物，而这些构成了鱼类的大部分食物。
1） ）close to where they flow 是形容词短语作后置定语，
修饰 the land areas; where (the place where)。
是指水域。
close to ：
意思为附近的例如：
I live in the house close to the bus stop. 2 ）A

-------------- -------------------------------------------------最 新资料推荐--------------------------------------------- ---------

largesmall quanitity of + 不可数名词，意思为大量 少量：
You need to drink a large quantity of water. 第 第 6 段
段 The nature and characteristics of the surface of the land
areas of the earth vary a great deal from area to area and from
place to place. The surface of some areas consists largely of
high mountains and deep valleys whilst, in other areas, most
of the surface consists of plains. If one made a journey over
the Continents one would find every kind of surface including
mountain ranges, plains, plateaux, deserts, tropical
forestlands and empty areas covered permanently by ice and snow.
第 第 7 段 段 When thinking and learning about the world we
should not forget that our world is the home of a very great
many different people -- peoples with different coloured skins,
living very different lives and having very different ideas
about a great many important things such as religion,
government, education and social behaviour. When thinking
and learning about the world .and social behaviour. 当我们思
考和了当我们思考和了 解这个世界时，我们不应该忘记我们的世界
时许多不同种类人 共住的家园他们有不同解这个世界时，我们不应该
忘记我们的世界时许多不同种类人共住的家园他们有不 同 的肤色，
过着极为不同的生活，对诸如宗教、政府、教育及社交行为等许多重

17 25

要的事情的肤色，过着极为不同的生活，对诸如宗 教、政府、教育及
社交行为等许多重要的事情 有着极为不同的观点。
1) when thinking and learning about the world 为现在分
词短语作表示时间 的状语，该部分可变成 when we are thinking and
learning about the world. 2) A great many+ 可数名词，意思为
许多、很多。
例如：
She planted a great many roses. 第 第 8 段 段 The
circumstances under which different people live make a great
difference between the way in which they live and the way in
which we live, and it ought to be our business to try to
understand those different circumstances so that we can better
understand people of other lands. Above all, we should avoid
deciding what we think about people different from ourselves
without first having learned a great deal about them and the
kind of lives they have to live. It is true to say that the more
we learn about other people, the better we understand their
ideas and, as a rule, the better we like those people themselves.
1. above all 首先、首要: Above all, I love Tchaikovsky. 首先，
我喜欢柴可夫斯基。
首先，我喜欢柴可夫斯基。
2. as a rule 通常、一般来说: Mr. Smith is very busy as a

--------------------------------------------- ------------------最新资料推荐-------------------------- ----------------------------

rule. 一般来说，史密斯先生很忙。
一般来说，史密斯先生很忙。
3 ． and it ought to be our business to try to understand
those different circumstances so that we can better
understand people of other lands. 我们应该做的是努力去了解他
们不同的生活环境，以便更好地理解其他地区的人们。
我们应该做的是努力去了解他们不同的生活环境，以便更好地理
解其他地区的人们。
1) it 是形式主语，代指 to try to understand those
different circumstances. 2) business 在这里是职责的意思。
so that 在本句中引出的是目的状语从句（从句中通常用在本句
中引出的是目的状语从句（从句中通常用 may, can, will ），意思
是为了、以便，例如：
We left early so that we could catch the first train.
我们很早出发，以便赶上头班火车。
我们很早出发，以便赶上头班火车。
一、单词解释：
1. revolve 1) 旋转（与 around, about 连用） ：
The wheel is revolving about its axis. 轮子在轴上转动。
The earth revolves round the sun. 地球绕太阳转。
2 ）围绕、以：

19 25

为主题：
Their troubles revolve around money management. 他们的麻
烦围绕着金钱管理他们的麻烦围绕着金钱管理 2. largely 1 ）
大部分地；主要地 ：
：
It is largely a matter of conjecture. 。
这多半是猜测。
2 ）大量地：
We dislike him in that he drinks largely. 我们不喜欢他主
要是因为他酗酒。
我们不喜欢他主要是因为他酗酒。
3. thrilling 令人激动的，令人毛骨悚然的: The thrilling
stories are popular with boys. 4. whereas 1） ）( 公文用语) ：
有鉴于：
Whereas the peoples of the colonies have been grieved and
burdened with taxes... 鉴于各殖民地民众备受重税负担之苦....
2 ）而, 却, 倒; 其实, ：
反之：
They want a house, whereas we would rather live in a flat.
他们想要一座房子, 而我们宁愿住在一套房间里。
5. in every respect 从各个方面: He is superior to me in
every respect. 6. certain of 一些（同 some ）：

--------------- ------------------------------------------------最新 资料推荐---------------------------------------------- --------

Certain of the questions are beyond our reach. 这些问题
中有一些是我们无法理解的 7. above all 首先、首要：
Above all, I love Tchaikovsky. 首先，我喜欢柴可夫斯基。
首先，我喜欢柴可夫斯基。
8. as a rule 通常、一般来说: Mr. Smith is very busy as
a rule. 一般来说，史密斯先生很忙。
一般来说，史密斯先生很忙。
二、课文讲解 1. This nine planets, together with the sun,
make up what is called our solar system. 这九 大行星和太阳一
起组成了所谓的我们的太阳系。
1 ）together with 的意思是与一起，由它引导的短语在句
子中往往作状语，而在本句中它作插入语。
一起，由它引导的短语在句子中往往作状语，而在本句中它作插
入语。
2 ）what is called 是一个宾语从句，在句子中作插入语。
2. How this wonderful system started .and one of the
smallest. 这奇妙的星系是怎样开始的，什么使它保持极精确地运
行，这是一个很大的迷。
但天文学家告诉我们，太阳系只是太空中几百万个类似星系中的
一个，而且是最小的一个。
这奇妙的星系是怎样开始的，什么使它保持极精确地运行，这是

21 25

一个很大的迷。
但天文学家告诉我们，太阳系只是太空中几百万个类似星系中的
一个，而且是最小的一个。
1) How this wonderful system started 和 和 what keep it
working with such wonderful accuracy 是两个主语从句在句子中
充当主语。
It 是指代 the solar system. 2) keep doing(sth.)
意思为让 继续例如：
She kept me waiting for an hour. 3) with accuracy 可换
成副词 accurately. 在英语中，介词 with 和 和 in 加上名词，等
于相应的副词加上名词，等于相应的副词, 例如：
Ill act on the plan with effect = Ill act on the plan
effectively. 我将有效地执行这项计划。
3. The stars which we see glittering in the sky
on a dark and cloudless night are almost certainly the suns of
other solar systems more or less like our own, 在漆黑无云的
夜空中，我们看到的闪烁的星星几乎肯定 是其它太阳系中一些类似我
们星系中的恒星在漆黑无云的夜空中，我们看到的闪烁的星星几乎肯
定是其它太阳系中一些类似我们星系中的恒星, More or less 意思
为或多或少、有些、差不多 例如：
He is more or less drunk. 4. The total water area is about
three times as large as the land area. 水的总面积大约 是陆地

------------------------------------ ---------------------------最新资料推荐----------------- -------------------------------------

面积的三倍。
水的总面积大约是陆地面积的三倍。
表示倍数有两种常见形式 ：
1) 数字+as+ 形容词 副词 +as : This room is twice as large
as that one. ( 表示三倍以上用times) 2) 数字＋名词: He has
twice the strength. 5. These currents are important ..the
food for fishes. 这些海流是很重要的，因为它们影响所流经邻近水域的陆地的气候，并携带大量的微生物和植物，而这些构成了鱼类
的大部分食物。
这些海流是很重要的，因为它们影响所流经邻近水域的陆地的气
候，并携带大量的微生物和植物，而这些 构成了鱼类的大部分食物。
1） ）close to where they flow 是形容词短语作后置定语，
修饰 the land areas; where (the place where)。
是指水域。
close to ：
意思为附近的例如：
I live in the house close to the bus stop. 2 ）A
largesmall quanitity of + 不可数名词，意思为大量 少量：
You need to drink a large quantity of water. 6. When
thinking and learning about the world .and social behaviour.
当我们思考和了解这个世界时，我们不应该忘记我们的世界时许多不

23 25

同种类人共住的家园－他们有不同的肤色，过着极为不同的生活， 对
诸如宗教、政府、教育及社交行为等许多重要的事情有着极为不同的
观点。
当我们思考和了解这个世界时，我们不应该忘记我们的世界时许
多不同种类人共住的家园－他们有不同的 肤色，过着极为不同的生
活，对诸如宗教、政府、教育及社交行为等许多重要的事情有着极为
不 同的观点。
1) when thinking and learning about the world 为现在
分词短语作表示时间的状语，该部分可变成为现在分词短语作 表示时
间的状语，该部分可变成 when we are thinking and learning about
the world. 2) A great many+：
可数名词，意思为许多、很多。
例如：
She planted a great many roses. 7 ． and it ought to
be our business to try to understand those different
circumstances so that we can better understand people of other
lands. 我们应该做的是努力去了解他们不同的生活环境，以便更好
地理解其他地区的人们。
我们应该做的是努力去了解他们不同的生活环境，以便更好地理
解其他地区的人们。
1) it 是形式主语，代指 to try to understand those
different circumstances. 2) business 在这里是职责的意思。

---------------------------- -----------------------------------最新资料推荐--------- ---------------------------------------------

so that 在本句中引出的是目的状语从句（从句中通常用在本句
中引出的是目的状语从句（从句中通常用 may, can, will ），意思
是为了、以便，例如：
We left early so that we could catch the first train. 我
们很早出发，以便赶上头班火车。
我们很早出发，以便赶上头班火车。




25 25