工人先锋号汇报材料-清明节祭文

45分钟单元测试(五)
Ⅰ.阅读理解

(重庆九校联盟2019届联合考试)With the Blinkist app, you can
get the key learning from the best nonfiction books in minutes. Start with
the 4 most­read books.
Thirteen Things Mentally Strong People Don’t Do by Amy Morin
You can’t escape misfortune in life. But you can change how you
respond to it. Do you struggle to get over your failures? Getting over
these obstacles can have a great influence on your everyday life. Morin
shares how her most successfully cured patients overcame these
difficulties.
How to Stop Worrying and Start Living by Dale Carnegie
Would you worry about something? Why can’t you stop worrying?
Fortunately, there would be a way to deal with those worries. By defining
the source of your stress, you can get over it. Carnegie came up with a
timeless formula that helps you deal with any over thinking situation.
Finding Your Element by Ken Robinson
We’re supposed to graduate from high school at 18, enter
university, become a professional person, get married and have children.
This lifestyle may be limiting and keep us away from opportunities in
which we might get better. Everyone has potential. If you don’t know
what yours is, it just means you haven’t discovered it yet. Or perhaps you
have it, but it was dismissed early in life. Find out how you can break free
of society’s strict rules and find your calling in life.

Emotional Intelligence by Daniel Goleman
Do your emotions hold you back? Would you do better if your
emotions were removed and you became unfeeling, logical creatures? Did
you know if your pulse rate rises above 100 bpm, you’re believed too
emotional to think rationally? You probably let feelings cloud your
judgment more often than you know. Goleman explains how you can
avoid letting your emotions rule you and make better decisions in life.
1. Which book can help you discover your own potential?
A. Emotional Intelligence.
B. Finding Your Element.
C. How to Stop Worrying and Start Living.
D. Thirteen Things Mentally Strong People Don’t Do.
2. Who is a writer and doctor?
A. Amy Morin.
C. Daniel Goleman.
A. Life plans.
C. Self­improvement.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了4本受欢
迎的书籍的作者、获得渠道及主要内容。
1. 答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据Finding Your Element by Ken Robinson部分
的“Everyone has potential. If you don’t know what yours is, it just
means you haven’t discovered it yet.”可知，Finding Your Element这
B. Dale Carnegie.
D. Ken Robinson.
B. Learning methods.
D. Relational processing.
3. What theme are the four books about?

本书是关于帮助你发现自己的潜力的。
2. 答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据Thirteen Things Mentally Strong People Don’t
Do by Amy Morin 部分的“Morin shares how her most successfully
cured patients overcame these difficulties.”可知，Morin既是作家还是一
名医生。
3. 答案 C
解析 判断推理题。根据文章内容可知，Thirteen Things Mentally
Strong People Don’t Do是关于面对生活中的不幸，如何去克服的；
How to Stop Worrying and Start Living是关于如何去处理生活中的忧
虑的；Finding Your Element是关于如何发现你的潜力的；Emotional
Intelligence是关于如 何避免让情绪控制自己，并在生活中做出更好的
决定的。因此可推断出它们的主题都是关于自我提高的， 故C项正
确。

At your next meeting, wait for a pause in conversation and try to
measure how long it lasts.
Among English speakers, chances are that it will be a second or
two at most. But while this pattern may be universal, our awareness of
silence differs dramatically across cultures.
What one culture considers a confusing or awkward pause may be
seen by others as a valuable moment of reflection and sign of respect for

what the last speaker has said. Research in Dutch and also in English
found that when a silence in conversation stretches to four seconds,
people start to feel uneasy. In contrast, a separate study of business
meetings found that Japanese people are happy with silences of 8.2
seconds—nearly twice as long as in Americans’ meetings.
In Japan, it is recognized that the best communication is when you
don’t speak at all. It’s already a failure to understand each other by
speaking because you’re repairing that failure by using words.
In the US, it may originate from the history of colonial (殖民地)
America as a crossroads of many different races. When you have a
complex of difference, it’s hard to establish common understanding
unless you talk and there’s understandably a kind of anxiety unless
people are verbally engaged to establish a common life. This applies also
to some extent to London.
In contrast, when there’s more homogeneity,_perhaps it’s easier
for some kinds of silence to appear. For example, among your closest
friends and family it’s easier to sit in silence than with people you’re less
well acquainted with.
4. Which of the following people might have the longest silence in
conversation?
A. The Dutch.
C. The English.
B. Americans.
D. The Japanese.
5. What might the Japanese agree with in a conversation?
A. Speaking more gives the upper hand.
B. Speak out what you have in your mind.
C. Great minds think alike without words.
D. The shorter talking silence, the better.
6. What can we learn from the text?

A. A four second silence in conversation is universal.
B. It’s hard for Americans to reach a common agreement.
C. English speakers are more talkative than Japanese speakers.
D. The closer we and our family are, the easier the silence appears.
7. What does the underlined word “homogeneity” in the last paragraph
mean?
A. Similarity.
C. Diversity.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了谈话中的沉默文化。 尽管交谈
中出现停顿是普遍存在的，但我们对沉默的认识在不同的文化中有着
巨大的差异。不同 的文化中沉默时间不同，对于沉默的看法也不同。
相比而言，亲密的朋友和家人之间更容易出现沉默。
4. 答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段首句“Among English speakers, chances
are that it will be a second or two at most.”及第三段中的“Research in
Dutch and also in English found that when a silence in conversation
stretches to four seconds, people start to feel uneasy. In contrast, a
separate study of business meetings found that Japanese people are happy
with silences of 8.2 seconds—nearly twice as long as in Americans’
meetings.”可知，日本人可能在谈话中有最长沉默。故选D项。
5. 答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中“In Japan, it is recognized that the
B. Contradiction.
D. Misunderstanding.

best communication is when you don’t speak at all.”可知，在日本，
一般认为最好的交流是 一句话不说的时候。因此推断日本人认为“伟
大的心灵，无言而思”。故选C项。
6. 答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“For example, among your
closest friends and family it’s easier to sit in silence than with people
you’re less well acquainted with.”可知，亲密的人之间更容易出现沉
默，因此我们和家人越亲密，沉 默越容易出现。故选D项。
7. 答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据下文的举例可知，越亲 密的人，越容易出现
沉默，因此推断画线句句意是：相比而言，当有更多相似时，也许沉
默更容 易出现。故画线词意思与similarity意义相近。故选A项。

(2018·课标全国Ⅱ)We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the
bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply
focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the
uncomfortable silence.
What’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have compromised
conversational intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a
conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s
annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among
strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an
invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.

Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget
that deep relationships wouldn’t even exist if it weren’t for casual
conversation. Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) for social communication,
says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at
Indiana University Southeast. “Almost every great love story and each
big business deal begins with small talk，” he explains. “The key to
successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just
communicate with them.”
In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology
at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was
asked to seek out an interaction (互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak
only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with
their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better
coffee shop experience. “It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than
talking to your husband，” says Dunn. “But interactions with peripheral
(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being
also.”
Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a
significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci
believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk.
“Small talk is the basis of good manners，” he says.
8. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?
A. Addiction to smartphones.
B. Inappropriate behaviors in public places.
C. Absence of communication between strangers.
D. Impatience with slow service.
9. What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?

A. Showing good manners.
C. Focusing on a topic.
B. Relating to other people.
D. Making business deals.
10. What does the coffee­shop study suggest about small talk?
A. It improves family relationships.
B. It raises people’s confidence.
C. It matters as much as a formal talk.
D. It makes people feel good.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. Conversation Counts
C. Benefits of Small Talk
答案与解析
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。在当今社会，人们在公共
场合或沉迷 于智能手机，或与不舒服的沉默抗争，陌生人之间缺乏沟
通。但人与人之间是需要适当的交谈闲聊的，闲 聊是人际关系社会交
往必不可少的部分，而且也有很多好处。
8. 答案 C
解析 段落大意题。文章第一段提到，在公共场合(比如在电梯里，
在银行排队，或在飞机上)人们深深地专注 于他们的智能手机。或者
更糟糕的是，凭此方式，与不舒服的沉默抗争。这说明，陌生人之间
缺 乏沟通。
9. 答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“The key to successful small
talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with
B. Ways of Making Small Talk
D. Uncomfortable Silence

them.”(成功闲聊的关键是学习 如何与他人交往联系，而不仅仅是与他
们沟通。)可推断C项符合题意。
10. 答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段的调查结果可知，那些与服务员聊天
的人，有显著的积极情绪和 更好的咖啡店体验。由此可知D项符合
题意。
11. 答案 C
解析 标题归纳题 。整篇文章刚开始介绍了一种社会现象(公共场合
人们沉迷于智能手机，陌生人之间缺乏沟通交流)，接 着分析了这一
现象的原因，接下来有专家对闲聊进行了研究，最后得出结论，闲聊
都有什么样的 好处。故C项正确。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(西安地区“八校”2019届高三联考)Recently, I overheard a
father and daughter in the airport. Her departure had been __1__. They
hugged and said, “I love you. I wish you __2__．” She in turn said,
“Daddy, your love is all I ever needed. I wish you enough, too, Daddy.”
They kissed and she left.
He walked over toward the window where I __3__. I could see he
wanted to cry. Noticing I was looking at him, he asked me，“Did you ever
say __4__ to someone knowing it would be forever？” “Yes, I have，”
I replied. Saying that __5__ memories I had of expressing my love and
__6__ for all that my Dad had done for me over my life. So I knew what
this man was __7__．

“Forgive me for asking, but why is this a __8__ goodbye? ” I
asked. “I am old and she lives much too far away. I have __9__ ahead
and the reality is, the next trip back will be for __10__，” he said. “I
heard you say, ‘I wish you enough.’ May I ask what that means？”
He began to smile. “That’s a wish that has been __11__ from
other generations. My parents used to say it to everyone.” He __12__ for
a moment and looked up as if trying to remember it __13__. “When we
said ‘I wish you enough’， we were wanting the other person to have
life __14__ just enough good things.” Then turning toward me, he
__15__ the following as if he were reading it from memory.
“I wish you enough sun to keep your attitude __16__. I wish you
enough rain to appreciate the __17__ more. I wish you enough happiness
to keep your spirit __18__. I wish you enough pain so that the smallest
joys in life appear much __19__. I wish you enough loss to appreciate all
that you possess.”
He then began to __20__ and walked away. My friends, I WISH
YOU ENOUGH.
1. A. declared
C. announced
2. A. good
C. happy
3. A. sat
C. lay
4. A. hello
C. love
5. A. brought down
C. brought back
B. shouted
D. called
B. enough
D. successful
B. said
D. lived
B. goodbye
D. thank you
B. brought up
D. brought out

6. A. appreciation
C. contribution
7. A. doing
C. talking
8. A. forever
C. brave
9. A. challenges
C. sadness
10. A. her wedding
C. her visiting
11. A. handed down
C. handed around
12. A. nodded
C. paused
13. A. in detail
C. in short
14. A. famous for
C. focused on
15. A. shared
C. whispered
16. A. bright
C. smart
17. A. rain
C. brightness
18. A. brave
C. great
19. A. more pure
C. bigger
20. A. whistle
B. devotion
D. commitment
B. suffering
D. experiencing
B. sad
D. terrible
B. departure
D. memories
B. my funeral
D. my birthday
B. handed in
D. handed over
B. sighed
D. sobbed
B. in return
D. in length
B. filled with
D. led to
B. recited
D. informed
B. energetic
D. right
B. sun
D. happiness
B. vivid
D. alive
B. smaller
D. more true
B. shout

C. sob
答案与解析
D. yawn
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者目睹了一位父 亲与女
儿在机场的离别经历，并与这位父亲有一番对话，真正明白了父女之
间的“I wish you enough”的真正含义。
1. 答案 C
解析 declare“宣布，声明 ”；shout“大喊”；announce“宣布，播
报”；call“呼叫，拜访”。结合文章上句 “I overheard a father and
daughter in the airport”可知，这里指的是“她的登机信息已经播报”。
2. 答案 B
解析 根据下句“I wish you enough too, Daddy.”可知此处表示“我希
望你一切都好。”
3. 答案 A
解析 此处表示这位父亲正好走到了“我”所坐的位置的窗户处。
4. 答案 B
解析 根据下文中“Forgive me for asking, but why is this a __8__
goodbye？”可知，这里指的是“你曾经给某个知道那将是永别的人
说过再见吗？”
5. 答案 C
解析 此处表示这番话使我想起了我曾经的一次经历。bring
down“降低；打倒”；bring up“抚养长大”；bring back“拿回来；

使……恢复；使……回忆起来”；bring out“出版，生产；使显示”。
6. 答案 A
解析 根据空后的“all that my Dad had done for me over my life”可知，
这里指对父亲的 “感激”。appreciation“感激，感谢”；devotion“奉
献”；contribu tion“贡献，投稿”；commitment“承诺，保证”。
7. 答案 D
解析 根据空前的内容，尤其是作者想起与父亲之间的那次经历可
知，这里表示“我知道对这位父亲而言现在正 在经历着什么”。故
experience“经历”正确。
8. 答案 A
解析 根据上文中出现的“Did you ever say __4__ to someone
knowing it would be forever？”可知A项“永远的”正确。
9. 答案 A
解析 challenge“挑战”；departure“分别”；sad ness“悲伤”；
memory“记忆”。根据后面的内容“... the next trip back will be for
__10__”可知，这里指“我以后会面对很大的挑战困难”。
10. 答案 B
解析 结合上文表述的内容可知，这里指“下一次的重逢也许就是我
的葬礼了”。wedding“婚礼”；funeral“葬礼”；visiting“拜访”；
bi rthday“生日”。根据上文提到的“forever”亦可知答案。
11. 答案 A

解析 hand down“把……传下去”；hand in“上交”；hand
around“传阅”；hand over“交出；移交”。根据下文可知，这里是
指“那是一代代传下来的一句祝福语。”
12. 答案 C
解析 句意：他停顿了一下，看起来好像在竭力回忆起具体的细节内
容。nod“点头”；sigh“叹气”；pause“停顿”；sob“啜泣，呜咽”。
13. 答案 A
解析 in detail“详细地”；in return“作为回报”；in short“简而言
之”；in length“长度”。结合下面这位父亲具体解释说明“I wish you
enough”的内容可知A项正确。
14. 答案 B
解析 famous for“以……而闻名”；filled with“充满”；focus
on“聚焦于”；lead to“导致”。根据“I wish you enough”的意思以及
下文的具体叙述可知，这里表示“希望一个人的生活中充满足够多美
好的东西”。
15. 答案 A
解析 根据下一段父亲的这番话可知，这位父亲与“我”“分享”了
“I wish you enough”的内涵。
16. 答案 A
解析 句意：我希望你有足够的阳光来保持你的 积极向上的态度。此

处的“sun”与空格处的bright相呼应。
17. 答案 B
解析 “我”希望你有足够的雨润以期许更多的阳光。此处的
“enough rain”与后面的“appreciate the sun more”形成比对。
18. 答案 D
解析 “我”期许你有足够的幸福去保持精神活力。brave“勇敢”；
vivid“生 动形象的”；great“伟大的”；alive“活泼的，有生气的”。
与文中“enough happiness”能够匹配的只有alive一项。
19. 答案 C
解析 根据空前的“the smallest joys”可知，空格处的bigger与此对应。
同时根据 下句中的“loss”和“possess”也可知道答案。
20. 答案 C
解析 wh istle“吹口哨；鸣笛”；shout“大喊”；sob“呜咽”；yawn
“打哈欠”。句意：然 后他抽泣着走开了。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Diets have changed in China—and so too has its top crop. Since
2011, the country __1__ (grow)more corn than rice. Corn production has
jumped nearly 125 percent over __2__ past 25 years, while rice has
increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is __3__ (actual) behind the change: An important
part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason
for corn’s rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead
of rice __4__ (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water __5__ rice

and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased __6__
(pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking
water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent
of total __7__ (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of
Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government __8__ (start)
a soil-testing program __9__ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to
farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That
prevented the emission (排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide.
China’s approach to protecting its environment while __10__ (feed) its
citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers
worldwide.” says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________
4. ________ 5. ________ 6. ________
7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________
10. ________
答案与解析
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。为保护环境，中国在农作
物种植上做了一些变化。这一举措 得到了世界的认可，为全世界农业
和粮食政策制定者提供了很有用的经验。
1. 答案 has grown
解析 考查动词时态。句意：自从2011年以来，中国种植的玉米比
水 稻多。since是现在完成时的标志。“the country”是单数概念，故填
has grown。
2. 答案 the

解析 考查冠词。句意：玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%，而
大米只增长了7%。over the past 25 years，特指在过去的25年时间里。
故填the。
3. 答案 actually
解析 考查副词。句意：实际上，对肉的需求是这种变化的背后原因。
这里要用副词修饰句子。
4. 答案 to improve
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了改善水质政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。谓语动词“encourages”和“improve”含着逻辑上的目的关
系，要 用不定式形式。
5. 答案 than
解析 考查连词。句意：玉米比大米使用的水更少。根据关键词“less”
可知，这里填比较连词than。
6. 答案 pollution
解析 考查词性转换。句意：这一转变减少了中国一些大型湖泊和水
库的污染，使人们喝水更安全。“has decreased”后跟pollute相应名词
作宾语。
7. 答案 global
解析 考查词性转换。句意：中国约占全球化肥总消费量的30%。
“fertilizer consumption”是名词短语，故应该用形容词修饰。
8. 答案 started

解析 考查谓语动词。句意：2005年政府启动了一项土壤测试项目。
本句是 when引导的定语从句，修饰先行词2005，故用一般过去时。
9. 答案 thatwhich
解析 考查定语从句关系词。句意：2005年政府启动了一项土壤测
试项目。该项目给农民推 荐一些特定的肥料。根据空后的谓语动词
“gives”可知，该定语从句缺少主语，使用关系代词。另 外，“program”
指代事物，要用thatwhich来引导定语从句。
10. 答案 feeding
解析 考查省略句。句意：既养活了国民，又保护了环境。中国这一
做法为全 世界的农业和粮食政策制定者提供了很有用的经验。“while”
引导了一个时间状语从句，表示“在 ……的同时”。由于主从句主语
一致且含有be动词， while后面省略掉了China is。即“China”与“feed”
含着逻辑的主动关系。故填feeding。
Ⅳ.短文改错
As we know, mental health links to our happiness index. However,
it’s vital to keep our mental health. Here are some advice on how to do it.
Firstly, accept yourself true. Knowing your own potentials and
making practical goal instead of setting high expectations can keep
yourself away from heavy burden, thus enjoy good mental health.
Secondly, be friendly and sociable. Life with friends is miserable. So
make friends. It’s their comfort and support which help you go through
hardship in life. Lastly, commit yourself to your career. Your efforts bring
you a sense of achievement, which will in turn ensure your happiness.

In a brief, it pays to focus our attention on our mental health. The
more, the best!
答案与解析
51. 答案 However改为ThereforeThus
解析 考查副词。句意：正如我们所知，心理健康与 我们的幸福指数
有关。因此，保持我们的心理健康是重要的。上下句是因果关系。
52. 答案 are改为is
解析 考查主谓一致。advice意为“建议”，是不可数名词，故谓语
动词用单数形式。
53. 答案 true改为truly
解析 考查副词。此处表示“真正地接受你自己”。此处是副词truly
修饰动词accept。
54. 答案 goal改为goals
解析 考查名词。句意：了解自己的潜力，制定实际 的目标，而不是
设定很高的期望，可以让自己远离沉重的负担。goal为可数名词，此
处应用 复数形式。
55. 答案 enjoy改为enjoying
解析 考查非谓语动词。此处是现在分词作结果状语。
56. 答案 with改为without
解析 句意：没有朋友的生活是痛苦的。根据句意可知答案。
57. 答案 which改为that
解析 考查强调句型。句意：正是他们的安慰和支持帮助你度过生活