全新版大学英语综合教学课件5(第二版~)unit1-8课后答案~
广州出国留学-体罚学生
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UNIT1
Vocabulary
I.
1. allot 2. go
through fire and water 3. reside 4. sobbed
5. made no
mention of 6. sacrifice 7. came
upon 8. rhythm 9. volume 10.
something
of a
II.
1. I stayed on as an assistant
professor.
2. I hold it to my ear because I
want to hear time tick away.
3. The salary
is not wonderful, but the duties are light.
4. The moral of the lesson is not to talk to
strangers.
5. Yes, but it cannot hold a
candle to Huangshan.
III.
1. The nasty
smell from the kitchen made her stomach churn.
2. When she sank into drunkenness, she was
able to forget her sorrow.
3. In the 1500
meters, Martin and Parker came first and third
respectively.
4. The two hills Shunner Fell
from the north and Lovely Seat from the south
flank the
famous Butter Tubs Pass.
5.
Levi, in gratitude to Joshua, gave a party for
him.
Iv. 1. ambition-----ambition-----
regardless of 2. discourse---by way of 3. is
engraved---inward V. 1. have come uponacross
2. had come out 3. come
onup 4. came
across 5. comes down to 6. came aroundto 7.
comes to
8. came through 9. came up with
10. comes up
Usage
1. the Wilsons 2.
Mark Twain 3. Annie Johnsons 4. another Winston
Churchill
5. a Mrs. Burton 6. a Budweiser
7. A Monet 8. an old Ford
Comprehensive
Exercises
I. Cloze 1. Text-related 1. go
through fire and water 2. salary 3. give---no
peace 4. sink into 5. ambition 6. By way
of 7. expressive 8. churned 9.
engraved
10. not hold a candle to 11. inward
2.
Theme-related
1. Success 2. literacy
3. significantly 4. promoting 5. appropriate
6. too
7. later 8. repetition 9.
invented 10. less
II. Translation
Although my grandmother was illiterate, she had a
good stock of myths and
legends. When I was
young I gave her no peace, constantly asking her
to tell me
stories. After she had finished her
housework, she would lift me onto her lap and tell
stories, all the while rocking me in rhythm.
Having noticed my interest in stories,
my
parents lost no time in initiating me into
reading. They bought many storybooks
with
illustrations, and whenever free, they would read
these stories to me over and
over again. By
and by I had a vocabulary large enough to read on
my own.
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UNIT2
Vocabulary
I. 1.
1) appetite 2)
destructive
3) agency 4) processed
5)
saturated 6) utter
7) hoisted 8) referring to
9) retrieve 10) Unfortunately
2.
1) Peter was chasing the dog and Tom was
riding the wooden horse in the garden.
2) They
all looked on except one young man. He took her to
the hospital instantly.
3) I laid charges
against the company and won the case.
4) If we
want to stay competitive, first of all we need to
modernize our factory.
5) They got irrigation
water from the dammed rivers.
3.
1)
Except in the oases the desert is almost devoid of
vegetation, although some
stunted, thorny
shrubs grow in the western Sahara.
2) The
fruits growing wild in the coastal forest are
edible.
3) The national security agency made
recommendations for improving safety
standards
in airplanes to improve safety standards in
airplanes.
4) The Beatles enjoyed success on a
scale unparalleled by any previous pop group.
5) The emergence of language was a defining
factor in the evolution of modern
humans.
4.
1) Excluding other factors such as
quality and price, products which are attractively
packaged are bound to attract more consumers,
particularly children and young
people.
Packaging has become an important way to boost of
boosting the sales
of products.
2) In the
eyes of some businessmen, consumers' health comes
second to profits.
They sell chicken infected
with salmonella and crabs with traces of
antibiotics.
3) It can be hard to go
vegetarian. The important thing is to make changes
you feel
comfortable with, at your own pace.
While stopping consuming any products for
which animals are bred and slaughtered may be
ideal, even a slight reduction in
meat
consumption is a step in the right direction.
5.
1) get over 2) got to
3) get
through 4) get over
5) get by 6) get away
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7) got in 8) get …out
9) get
along 10) get away with
II. Collocation
1. I asked her why she didn't make use of her
talent and sing a pop song on the
graduation
day.
2. Uncle Tom, the long-suffering slave in
Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's
Cabin,
died a miserable death.
3. We still have to
learn how to live a harmonious life, not only with
other people
but also with the environment.
4. Breathing a deep breath, he ran up to take
the penalty kick.
5. I dreamed a bad dream
last night in which I was running through the
forest, and
being chased by a bear.
6. My
friend smiled a bitter smile when I asked her
whether she'd found all the
money she'd lost.
7. Black people have a hard fight to fight
before they win real equality.
8. People with
mood disorders often sleep a troubled sleep. They
toss and turn,
restlessly occupied with
negative thoughts.
Comprehensive
Exercises
I. Cloze
1. Text-related
(1)
exclude (2) stubborn
(3) devoid of (4) bow to
(5) potent (6) drawbacks
(7)
contaminating (8) heightened
(9) infected (10)
come second to
2. Theme-related
(1)
consumption (2) between
(3) packed (4) evident
(5) population (6) encouraging
(7) grave
(8) against
(9) criticize (10) itself
II. Translation
Study after study has
uncovered the fact that there is a close
correlation between
food and a number of
chronic diseases. For example, a decreased risk of
certain
chronic diseases is associated with an
increased consumption of plant-based foods.
Therefore, in the past decade, the American
Dietetic Association has urged Americans
to
reduce their intake of animal fats, and to boost
consumption of fruits, vegetables,
and grains.
Meanwhile, the United States Department of
Agriculture has released a
document containing
the food guide pyramid, which encourages a minimum
of three
vegetable and two fruit servings per
day. However, many Americans still don’t meet
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listen to these recommendations.
UNIT3
Vocabulary
I. 1.
1) invitation
2) eloquent
3) concede 4) contradictory
5)
conceals 6) guilty
7) generalize 8) get caught
in
9) for now 10) as a last resort
2.
1) Non-smoking area. John’s very intolerant of
people who smoke.
2) She is an interesting
character, and a bit of a mystery to me.
3)
Because it does not reveal their marital status.
4) We are planning on trekking through the
Malaysian Rainforest.
5) He muttered
something under his breath that I couldn’t
understand.
6) They may need to wear
protective rubber gloves and clothing.
7) The
chairperson said sometimes unemployment tempted
the youth into criminal
activities.
8)
Though she never admitted it, the look on her face
when I mentioned James’
name gave her away.
3.
1) Throughout history, people have
been intrigued by the question of whether there
is intelligent life elsewhere in the universe.
2) The hill farmers' lot has never been easy
and in recent years has been assailed by
a
series of major crises.
3) As with most people
in his family, Grey is a great talker when he's in
the mood to
talk.
4) Few people find it
necessary to condemn white lies on the grounds
that they are
not real lies.
5) All the
evidence of your qualifications and skills that
backs up the claims you
make in your
résumé should be included.
4.
1)
In general, everything that irritates us about
others can lead us to an
understanding of
ourselves. To disregard what the world thinks of
us is not only
arrogant but also utterly
shameless.
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2) Eddie was adamant
that his son should never indulge in vain wishes;
he believed
that it was absurd for his son to
pursue a romantic but utterly impractical career
in
the future.
3) Those considering an
adventurous safari in Central Africa should be
aware that
there is an extremely small, but
nonetheless present, risk of encountering bandits
on the road. Thus they should decide for
themselves whether such potential risks
will
be personally acceptable to them and their
companions.
5.
1) go around round
2) Go for
3) went off 4) go on
5) is going
on 6) go about
7) go along 8) go through
9) go by 10) go over
II. Usage
1.
The manager was chatting with the chairman of the
board about something that
concerned the
future of their cooperation and I could tell that
he was being
careful with his words.
2.
Tom didn't really like the food, but he was being
polite and ate quite a bit.
3. He kept
tapping on his teacup with his spoon because he
was getting impatient
waiting for the waiter
to come around.
4. By handing in papers off
the Internet, students are being stupid because
they run
the risk of being caught and expelled
from school.
5. He was being a coward by not
being truthful to himself and others.
6. Some
of the nurses were very rude and told Edgar he was
being a nuisance when
he complained.
7.
Don't talk nonsense. I'm being serious.
Comprehensive Exercises
I. Cloze
1.
Text-related
(1) go along (2) honesty
(3)
straightforward (4) indulge in
(5) What about
(6) dodge
(7) assert (8) absurd
(9) resort
(10) juggle
2. Theme-related
(1)
asserting (2) go along
(3) because (4) part
(5) Mistakes (6) exceptions
(7) end (8)
resort
(9) dying (10) freedom
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II. Translation
The new president of
our university disapproves of the idea that we
should be allowed
to tell lies under certain
circumstances. He believes that if people get used
to telling
any kind of lie, they will indulge
themselves and eventually be stuck with the bad
habit. To tell or not to tell a lie can
sometimes become a very sticky issue, but our
president insists on the notion that nobody in
the world of education should dodge the
responsibility of attaching primary importance
to honesty while teaching the young. I
agree
with him. What about you?
UNIT4
Vocabulary
I. 1.
(1) for myself
(2) concluded
(3) infinite (4) internal
(5) misery (6) mode
(7) ventured (8)
visible
(9) observation (10) commended
2.
1) I lay in bed feeling thoroughly
wretched.
2) It is fragrant with the smell of
apple blossom.
3) They are fine specimens of
the veteran revolutionaries.
4) I’d like to
enroll in the modern art course if it is not too
late.
5) The taste is slightly bitter, and it
has a strange odor.
3.
1) The scheme
does nothing to help families on low incomes and
is sure to provoke
call forthdraw arouse
criticism.
2) Jenny is terribly uncertain as
to whether Bob is the right boy for her.
3)
These goods bear no resemblance to those I saw
printed in the advertisements.
4) In China,
where black hair and black eyes are the norm, her
blond hair and blue
eyes are rather
conspicuous.
5) We did not have time for a
rehearsal before the performance because of the
delay
of our flight.
4.
1) The new
parliament member, an energetic politician and
ardent advocate of the
welfare system, said:
investigation has revealed that there are still
people
who lead a wretched existence in our
society. To leave them to their own devices
is
to deny them the basic human right, the right to a
decent life.
2) One day my professor entrusted
me with a task of doing a certain experiment and
meantime gave explicit instructions that I
must read his new book beforehand.
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The book, however, did not commend itself to
me. Could I go ahead without
reading it? The
perplexity haunted me for quite a while. Then I
decided I could
not look him in the face if I
betrayed his trust. So I started reading his book
in
earnest before turning to the experiment.
3) The day I left for college, my father gave
me an alarm clock and an English
learner’s
dictionary. Both proved useful in my subsequent
years of study. The
latter helped to make me
accurate in my writing while the former helped me
to be
punctual. However, I had to part with
the clock with reluctance later when it was
proved to be beyond repair.
5.
1) turned to 2) turned…down
3) turn up 4)
turned out
5) turned…over 6) turned on
7)
turned away 8) turns out
9) turned in 10)
turning in
II. Confusable Words
1)
come 2) Come; bring; bring
3) take; taken 4)
went; went; going
5) went; came 6) take
7)
bring 8) come
9) brought 10) went came
Comprehensive Exercises
I. Cloze
1.
Text-related
(1) Enrolling (2) specimen
(3) leave him to his own devices (4)
investigation
(5) By and by (6) content with
(7) entrusted (8) reluctance
(9)
infectious (10) observation
(11) mode
(12) grounded in
2. Theme-related
(1)
known (2) only
(3) doing (4) assistance
(5) assignment (6) simply
(7) But (8)
turned
(9) singled (10) because
II.
Translation
When I enrolled in Math 202, I
anticipated difficulties because I was not well
grounded in mathematics in high school. The
course was taught by Professor
Richardson, a
fine specimen of an old-fashioned gentleman, very
cordial to his
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students. However,
when it came to academic matters, he was by no
means an easy
person. Before he started his
lecture, he discoursed enthusiastically on the
importance
of working in an orderly fashion,
of being thoroughly prepared before each class,
and
of not being content with what you have
learned. His attitude towards work was
infectious, and by and by I became an ardent
math lover, too.
UNIT5
Vocabulary
I 1.
1) percentage
2) zone
3) warmth 4) diverse
5)
widen 6) looked around
7) in the face
of 8) in perspective
9) temperate
10) theoretical
2.
1) Its profits
shrank from $$5 million to $$1.25 million in the
last global financial crisis.
2) They will
have to adhere to the cultural norms of the
organization in order to be
successful with
their database project.
3) My hometown islies
halfway in between Salk Lake City and Denver.
4) I saw waves battering (against) the rocks
at the bottom of the cliff.
5) Flood waters
washed away the only bridge connecting the village
to the outside
world.
3.
1) Your
report on the new car park is fine, but why don't
you beef it up with some
figures?
2) There
is a wide variation among Internet providers in
cost, features, software,
reliability and
customer service.
3) Poverty is one of the
reasons for the high incidence of crime in this
neighborhood.
4) I suggested we sing and
dance for the elderly people in the nursing home,
and all
my roommates were in favor of my idea.
5) Doctors who are compelled to work 36 hours
at a stretch cannot possibly be fully
efficient.
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4.
1)
Much of the loss of biodiversity currently being
experienced is attributed to
human activity.
Natural extinction is being accelerated by human
populations wiping
out entire ecosystems for
development and single crop farming. Destroying
naturally
diverse vegetation destroys the life
sustained by that habitat. We already know the
scary effects of deforestation on global
warming, but do we stop to think about the
thousands of animal and insect species that
are dying off because of global warming?
2) In August 2005, some scientists from
esteemed scientific organizations predicted
that a temperature increase of 2 °C above the
pre-industrial level could trigger the
melting
of the Greenland ice sheet, which would have
overwhelming consequences
for sea levels and
biodiversity. At the current level of climate
change, this prediction
could become a reality
in 10-15 years.
3) With huge amounts of
carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere
global surface temperature would
rise to a great extent, thereby melting the north
and
south pole glaciers causing drought, and
throwing agriculture into effects
would be
magnified if temperatures keep going up
dramatically.
5.
1) think back toon
2) think … over
3) thought of 4) think of
…as
5) think up
1) picked up 2)
picked out
3) picked up 4) picked on
5)
picks at
II. Word Family
1. 1)
contaminated 2) contaminate 3) contamination 4)
uncontaminated
2. 1) habitable 2) habitation
3) inhabit 4) uninhabited
5) uninhabitable
6) inhabited
Comprehensive Exercises
I.
Cloze
1.
1) beef up 2) coastal
3) in favour of 4) residents
5)
theoretical 6) disastrous
7) battered
8) shrinking
9) migrate 10) washed
away
11) Scary 12) humanity
2.
1) predicting 2) accuracy
3) basis
4) collide
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5) atmosphere 6)
melts
7) affected 8) actions
9)
striving 10) technologies
II.
Translation
Most scientists no longer doubt
that the world is warming up and that humanity
has altered climate. They agree that the long-
term effects of global warming will be
disastrous for the planet and its inhabitants.
What is more, climate change won’t be a
smooth
transition to a warmer world. Some regions will be
greatly affected by abrupt
climate changes.
Enormous areas of densely populated land like
coastal Florida would
become uninhabitable.
Hundreds of millions of residents would have to
migrate to
safer regions. Therefore, it is no
surprise that global warming has made its way onto
the agenda of world leaders.
UNIT6
Vocabulary
I. 1. 1) the hard way
2) solemn
3) wrote out 4) champion
5)
ownership 6) privilege
7) To be sure
8) handicap
9) surge 10) cut the ground
from under …feet
2. 1) The committee aims to
achieve reconciliation between the two opposing
parties.
2) The management's refusal to
increase the minimum monthly grant.
3) Public
places such as metro stations, theaters, and
museums have been
made more accessible to the
disabled.
4) His love for the countryside
brought forth a series of remarkable
watercolors.
5) It embodies the ideals of
freedom and equality.
3. 1) The books are
keyed to the interests of children.
2) We will
not stand by and let the small village schools get
closed for lack
of funds.
3) Their
response was in effect a refusal to our request
though they didn't
turn it down explicitly.
4) Generous to a fault, he paid for all the
expenses
5) We shall always feel we are
deeply in your debt.
4. 1) Under the
leadership of Sam Walton, Wal-Mart prospered at an
amazing
speed. Asked about the underlying
reasons for the great success, he said,
with,
it's the two orientations that characterize the
culture of this company:
cooperative with
regard to making decisions, and trusting in
relation to fellow
workers. Every employee has
a strong sense of obligation to the company and
boundless enthusiasm for the work.
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2) Most chapters of this book are
dedicated to the effects of games on
children.
According to the author, in performing and
observing actions, like the
collision of two
objects, babies can have first-hand experience of
the relations implicit
in the phenomena. And
team sports can help to shape children's
personality in a
positive way, because they
can learn how to cooperate with each other in the
competition.
3) Martin Luther King and
Rosa Parker had a lot in common. They were
black people as well as civil rights heroes.
They led black people to combat
discrimination
and inequality and to try to gain control over
their own destinies. Faced
with great
difficulties and failures, they hung on and never
gave up because they held
to the notion that
all men are created equal. (destiny, in common,
combat, notion,
hang on)
5. 1) set
out 2) set off
3) set in 4) set aside
5) set up 6) set about
7) set off
8) set up
9) set up 10) set apart
II. Words with Multiple Meanings
1.
According to the manager, what he wants is a
simple yet effective sales plan.
2. Usually
he was a serious man, yet this joke reduced him to
hearty laughter set
him laughing heartily.
3. The governor has put forward a series of
policies to cut the state budget, but the
effects of the new measures have yet to be
seen.
4. He is not yet 20, but his technical
control, confidence, brilliance and intellectual
depth display an outstanding maturity.
5.
John wouldn't let me see his essay, because he
hasn't finished it yet.
6. Maybe the reason
scientists have yet to receive signals from
extraterrestrial
intelligence is that there
isn't any extraterrestrial intelligence sending
signals.
7. She knew the sensible thing to do
was to leave the place as soon as possible, yet
she wanted to stay.
8. Her selective yet
comprehensive exhibition draws mainly from public
collections,
among them many of the United
States' most distinguished libraries.
Comprehensive Exercises
I. Cloze
1.
1) personalities 2) embody
3) underlying
4) collision
5) leadership 6) ownership
7) ideals 8) champion
9) the hard way
10) prospered
2. 1) indication 2)
sensitive
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3) career
5)
supply
7) promoted
9) surrender
4) resign
6) disciplined
8)
criticized
10) respected
II.
Translation
Robert Lee’s father’s life had
been plagued by poor financial investments. He was
jailed twice for unpaid debts and in the end
was forced to flee the country. Lee’s
mother
was the dominant force in shaping Lee’s
personality. Against the poignant
failure of
her husband, she was determined that the tragedy
should not be repeated in
the life of her
children. Self-control, a sense of obligation and
an indomitable spirit
were the virtues she
taught Lee. In 1825, with an aspiration to win
back the family
honor, Lee began studying at
West Point Military Academy. This began a new
chapter
of his life. Over the four years, he
consistently finished near the top of every
course.
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UNIT7
Vocabulary
I. 1. 1) anonymous 2)
piling up
3) advent 4) sober up
5)
articulate 6) dwindle
7) not least of all
8) vague
9) busted 10) rotting
2. 1)
Its theme was that philosophy has very close links
with mathematics and
artificial intelligence.
2) He is illiterate; worse still, he has a
criminal record and lives in a world of
lies
and deceit.
3) They carried out first aid to
save the patient from bleeding to death.
4)
They suggested that I go for broke, and be
undeterred in pursuit of my
dream.
5) He
thinks it highly unlikely that such good luck will
come his way again.
3. 1) The advent of
spring —symbol of renewal — has been a constant
theme in
Edward's writings.
2) Why those
nasty things were being said of her was just
beyond her
comprehension, and as for myself I
have never heard anything so offensive in all
my life.
3) Malcolm Padina, managing
director of Informix Software Inc, has called for
a
new initiative to purge the market of
software pirates software pirates from the
market.
4) New evidence implicated
Melancia in a financial scandal in February 2008.
5) Pains were tearing at my chest as I was
running a two-mile race. I felt my
knees
sinking lower and lower as if I were running
across quicksand.
4. 1) Operating a
vehicle while intoxicated is a serious offence in
itself, but few
cases hit the headlines unless
they involve serious injury.
2) Ten years
ago, when Bruce R., a 57-year-old insurance broker
from Southern
California, was on the verge of
suicide after having gambled away the trust of his
family and a small remnant of business
partners, little help was available. He was, at
one point, advised by two doctors that he just
needed to get his gambling
control—which is
like telling a drug addict to take drugs more
moderately.
3) The company was facing great
financial problems due to the devastating
effects of nationwide economic depression.
Naturally the CEO’s sudden resignation at
such
a difficult time led to great resentment from the
board of directors. The only
hope they had was
that the banks would keep the firm from bankruptcy
by accepting a
reorganization plan.
5. 1) fall under 2) fall behind
3) had
fallen apart 4) fall back on
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5)
fall to
7) leave out
9) be left alone
6) had left off
8) Leaving
aside
10) left behind
II. Usage
1. a. figurative b. literal 2. a. literal
b. figurative
3. a. figurative b. literal
4. a. literal b. figurative
5. a. figurative
b. literal 6. a. literal b. figurative
Comprehensive Exercises
I. Cloze
1.
1) legalize 2) philosophy
3) sober 4)
addicts
5) spouses 6) deceit
7)
dwindle 8) pile up
9) lured 10) criminal
11) revenue 12) hit the headlines
2. 1) indicate 2) compulsive
3)
addictions 4) financial
5) combination 6)
blueprint
7) retirees 8) explosion
9) identified 10) trigger
II.
Translation
Gamblers’ family members always
pay a steep price. They not only have to
endure the pain of having their wealth wiped
away overnight, but they are also
frequently
overwhelmed with feelings of depression and
hopelessness.
A nationwide survey found that
over 2 million adults identified a spouse's
gambling as a significant factor in a prior
divorce. The number of divorces in a county
in
Mississippi has nearly tripled since the advent of
casinos. The county has also
witnessed
increases in domestic violence since then.
A
considerable body of evidence showed that the
expansion of legally sanctioned
gambling
destroys individuals, ruins families, increases
crime, and ultimately costs
society far more
than the revenues government collects.
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Unit 8
Vocabulary
I. 1. 1)
fragment 2) terrific
3) scratched out
4) strode
5) presumably 6) token
7)
tame 8) engagement
9) cursed
10) see through
2.
1) She blushed and
lowered her head.
2) She keeps the dishes warm
in the oven and waits up no matter how late it is.
3) Well, I heard fragments of their
conversation in the office and it seems they’ve
been contemplating a trip like that for some
time.
4) She intends to make teaching her
profession.
5) He plucked up enough courage to
ask Ruth to marry him but she rejected his
proposal.
3.
1) It fell to our lotus
to filter through the enemy defense lines and
nobody knew if we
would get back from the
mission.
2) The latest news has confirmed the
initial report that seven people have died in the
storm.
3) There is a rare form of lung
cancer distinguishable from the usual type only
under
the microscope.
4) For the sake of
your health, it is important not to let yourself
get overweight.
5) Miss Perkins was held in
deep affection by all the childrenhad won all the
children’s deep affection.
4.
1)
prominent genius for Whoever
2) had a
passion for at random no doubt fill in
make an effort to
3) in particular are
trustworthy applause airing their own views
5.
1) take up
2) takes to
3)
take over
4) take on
5) took off
6)
taking down
7) took back
8) was taken on
9) take after
10) took…in
II
Usage
1) as though it had come out of
somebody’s attic
2) as if I had come from
another planet
|
3) as if everyone
is watching me, and noticing my blushes
4)as
though nature were holding its breath
5) as
though their dream had come true at last
6)
as though her attention had drifted elsewhere
7) as though it were a lifeline
8) as
though they would succeed
Comprehensive
Exercises
I. Cloze
1. Text-related
(1) pluck up courage
(2) in mourning
(3) unexpected
(4) distress
(5)
paradise
(6) token
(7) intrude
(8)
no doubt
(9) foreseen
(10) fell to
2. Theme-related
(1) behaviors
(2)
eliminate
(3) distance
(4) positive
(5) participating
(6) genuinely
(7)
keen
(8) concern
(9) attentive
(10)
respect
II. Translation
Henry, a
frail-looking man of fifty, was older than his
robust wife Mary by 20
years. Everyone assumed
that she would outlive him. So no one, including
Henry
himself, had foreseen that Mary would
die a sudden, unexpected death. For several
weeks, he looked greatly distressed and became
a completely changed person. He
even
speculated whether it would be better for him to
rejoin his wife in paradise.
Though each of us
expressed our deep sympathy, no one thought it
appropriate to
intrude upon his family
uninvited, in consideration of their need for
peace and privacy
at such a moment.