中考英语作文经典指导课件.doc
2014浙江高考语文-广西财政
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English writing
一 、初中生英语写作现状
(二)初中生写作现状
1)审题不清,抓不住要点,东拉西扯;
2)单词拼写
;误错
frist ,belive, ture, buzy, quite & quiet
3)动词缺失;
Eg: I happy I can go to Peking.
4)前后不一致(数、人称、时态、主不一致等) 谓
Eg: All people
have their own dream.
He said he wants to have
a good rest.
5)中式英语
Eg: I very like
sports.
6)综合性错
。误
包括单词大小写、点符号以及形容词标副词的混淆、连词的缺失用、
误
句子结构不完整等。
⋯
二、中考英语高分作文的特点
1、书写工整,书面整洁,很少有涂改痕迹。
2、分段合理。全文分段一般不止一个自然段,让阅卷老很容易就能找到作文所要求写的
师
要点和重要句子。
3、要点齐全,不缺要点。
4、首尾呼应,自然成一体。
5、开头言简意赅,不啰嗦,不偏,迅速引入主题题。
6、段与段之间,自然过渡。有合适的连接词。
7、句与句之间,有恰当的连接词,使之自然成一体。
8、使用了大量的高级词汇和句型。阅卷老师一看就知道这个同学的功底非不一般,自然就
给打高分了。
9、全文中同一个意思,基本没有重复使用某一个词、短语或者句型等,说明这个同学的词
汇量不同常。老师寻自然就对该作文有好感了。
10、能够恰当使用谚语、格言等文章添彩。
给
幻灯片 4
三、对考生的要求
1、内容要完整。
2、语句流畅。
3、没有语法错 。误
4、书写规范。
能达到上述要求的作文,都会得到相应的高分。
评分原: ( 考试则
明说p181)
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1.评分时,
先根据短文的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次,
确定或调整档次,最后给分。
2.词数少于
60 或多于 100 的,从总分中减去 2 分。
然后以该档次的要求来衡量,
3.评分时,应注意的主要内容为:内容要点、应用词法结语和汇构的数量和准确性,上下
文的连贯性。
4.
拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面,评分时,应交际对其视的影响程度予以
考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
5.如书写较差,以致影响交际,将分数降低一个档次。
写作能力的引导
词汇短语
词汇是学生用英语表达思想 , 同时也是写作的基础和源泉。
词汇短语“攻关秘笈”
1.词汇的巧妙 。忆记(ch ildre n; be li eve⋯ )
2.
加强中考课标词汇、短语的听默 写。
3.坚持课外阅,读 并用“积累”本 收集高频词汇、
短语、佳句,加强记忆。
幻灯片 10
4. 使用“高端”的词 。汇
Eg: I
am very interested in pop music.
= showtake
great interest in
I have lots of homework to
do every day.
=endlessoceans of
Playing
too much computer is bad for our study.
= have
a bad influence on
句子
词不离句, 完整、准确、
新颖、丰富的句式 表达是一篇好文 章的必备条件。
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有效的句式学习
1. 掌握认清“五 大”基本句式。
2.
加强中考相关话佳句的 朗读备必题、听写、背诵、仿写、句 子翻译以及课外 佳句的积
累。
3.让学生在“多样”的句式变换中不断攒实积战经。验
句子
3.
“多样”的句式变换
1)合并为简单句;
Eg: My brother helped
me in maths. I made great progress.
I made
great progress in maths with the help of my
brother .
2)学会使用感叹句;
It is necessary to
help others.
How necessary it is to help
others.
篇章
词不离句,句不离篇。
能够灵活自如地运用所学的词汇、短、句型、语语法
是写作的最终目的。
写作第一步
,谋篇布局写出精彩的文段
题,找出文章要表达的中心。
审真认
一般作文包括一定数量的内容点, 漏写某一点则要被扣掉 2~3 分, 它(们)常是暗示应
当写出的内容点。画面内容较多时,不要事无巨细,全面开花,应当仅围。恰
题主绕
当取舍,做到详略得当。
列
写作第二步
用简单的句子或短列出文章要点。 语
连
写作第三步:
恰当运用关联词句,使得文章层次清晰,各个部分衔接自然。
关联词
1.
表示并列或递进: and, as well as, both
2.表示选择: or,
either ⋯ or;
3.表示转折 : but, however, although,
though, after all,
⋯ and,
not only⋯ but
also, neither ⋯ nor;
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4.表示因果 :
because, so, therefore
5.表示条件 : if , unless
6.表示对比 : instead, not ⋯ but,
on the one
hand ⋯ on the other hand;
7.表示解释: for example,
for instance, such as,
that is to say, in
other words;
8.表示顺序 : to begin with, firstly,
first (of all),
finally, in the end;
9.表示强调: also, besides, what’s more, actually,
in fact,
10.表示结论: all in all, altogether,
in a word, generally speaking,
美
写作第四步:
句,美化文章。在有把握的情况下展示自己的语词好选言功底。
写法 的具体操作
审题。体裁、时态、人称、主以及词题数等要素;
2)
抓要点,拟提纲。分析内容,明确要点。
3)初步写作。连词成句,句成文;
连
4)巧用连接词,添加过渡,确保文章连; 畅流贯
5)查评改错价。
second(ly), next, later, since then, from then
on,
英语写作中用好“四心”
1. 精心审题,沉着写稿
2.耐心修改,提炼句子
3.细心检查, 消灭 误错
4.虚心抄写,一丝不苟。
【2013 武汉中考】书面表达
假设你是李明,本周班会上,
。动
要点如下:
1. 星期天早上 8:30 在校门口集合,乘公共汽车前往;
2.给老人们赠送班礼物; 级
3. 打扫卫生,整理房; 间
4.
唱歌、跳舞、讲故事、聊天,给老人们带去快; 乐
5. 活动很有意义,希望积极参与;
参考词 :汇
1. chat v. 聊天
Fellow students ,
We will pay a visit to the old people ’s home
this Sunday.
2. meaningful adj. 有意义的
你将代表老师用英语通知学生参加一次敬老院的公益活
3. cheer up 使⋯ ⋯
高兴
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十句作 文法
英语写作中流行的十句作文法是由专家总结一种高分作文方法,考生在经过短期训练
之后便可较大程度地提高作文成绩。需要指出的是:所谓十句作文并非一定是
考生的高分作文的句子数量都在
本模式为:
幻灯片 25
——主题句
第一段(开头)
8 至 10 句之间(以句子长短和结构不同而变化)
个句子平均 8~12 个单词计算,用 7~10 个句子便能完成一篇要求在
10
句,很多
。如按每
80 词左右的作文。其基
——扩展句
——主题句
——扩展句
——扩展句
第二段
(正文)
(要视内容而决定扩
展句 的多少)
——扩展句
——扩展句
——扩展句
——扩展句
第三段(结尾)
—— 结尾句
第一段为开头,包括两句。第一句为主题句,提出问题并通过问题点明全文主体;
第二句为扩展句,进一步说明和支持主题句。另外,也可将两句顺序倒过来,由第一句说
明情况,第二句提出问题。
第二段为正文,共七句。第一句为主题句,提出本段的主体,它应与第一段的主体
相一致。第二句至第七句为扩展句,说明和支持本段的主体。句与句之间要注意运用好过
渡词,以使行文流畅。
第三段为结尾,简化为一句,是对全文的总结,并说明作者自己的观点。
三段之间的衔接要灵活运用“启、承、转、合”的过渡手段。
根据下面表格所提供的信息,写
一则通知,告诉你的同学关于你们郊游的计划。
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时间
地点
交通工具
出发时间
到达公园时间
活动安排
星期日(7月10日)
人民公园
坐公共汽车前往
早上7:00
早上8:30
上午:划船;游泳;在饭馆吃午餐
下午:英语角活动(
English corner
activities );照相
返回时间
要求:1、词数:80个词左右;题目及文章的
开头已给出,但不算在词数内。
下午4:30
2、表格中所列内容必须都用上,可适当增加细节,使行文连贯。
3、不要使用真实姓名及所在学校名称,
否则答案作废。
Notice
Good morning, everyone! I ’ll tell you a piece
of good news.
We are planning an outing.
__________
Good morning, everyone! Now I ’ll
tell you a piece of good news.( 主题句 )
We are
planning an outing. ( 主题句 ) We are going to the
People ’s Park by bus on July 10th,
Sunday.
(扩展句 ) We’ll leave at 7:00 a.m. at the school gate
and arrive there at 8:30 a.m. in the
morning.
(扩展句 ) Then you can go boating and swimming. (扩展句
) Let’s have lunch in a
restaurant and join
the English corner in the afternoon. ( 扩展句 ) If
you would like to take photos,
you’d better
take a camera. ( 扩展句 ) The time to return is 4:30
p.m.. ( 扩展句 ) Please get ready
for the outing.
( 扩展句 )
Wish all of us have a good time. ( 结尾句
)
点评:
本文是仿照十句作文法而写的一篇优秀考场作文。文章围绕“ Notice
”这一主题展
开,把表格所提供的信息陈述清楚,要点齐全。文章中语句简练,语句变化多样,有简单
句、并列句和复合句,也用上了祈使句,过渡自然,结尾表明作者自己对这次郊游活动的
祝愿,增强了感染力。
你叫林海 (英文名叫 Joe),你的朋友 John
发给你的电子邮件中提到了关于学校准备开办英
语学习班的消息, 你对此事很感兴趣, 请给
John 回一封邮件, 询问有关英语学习班的详情。
邮件的要点如下:
1.对英语学习班很感兴趣。
2.希望可以练习英语,结识朋友。
3.问英语学习班的上课时间、地点、内容以及费用。
注意:
1.邮件要通顺、连贯。
2.词数 80
左右,邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好,但不计人总词数。
3.不能在答卷上透露个人的任何信息(例如具体的学校和姓名等)
,否则答案作废。
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Dear John,
Thanks
very much for the information about the English
evening class.(主题句 ) It sounds
very
interesting to me. (扩展句 ) You know I want to
practise my English and make some new
friends.
(扩展句 ) I think this English evening class will be
helpful to me. (扩展句 ) Could you
please tell me
a little more about the class? ( 扩展句 ) When does
it begin and how much does it
cost? (扩展句 )
Where will the class be held? ( 扩展句 ) Also, do you
have any more information
about what we will
do in class? ( 扩展句 )
I’m looking forward to
hearing from you as soon as possible. ( 结尾句 )
Yours
Joe
一、掌握哪些基本句型?
中考的“书面表达”
,其实就是要求考生根据提供的情景写几句话。目前,提供情境的
方式也就是文字说明和图画两种。我们考生的任务就是根据情境,把考题要求用几个意思
连贯的句子表达出来。
英语句子看上去纷繁复杂,但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句型。这五个基本句型可以演
变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之,绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句型生成的。熟
悉并掌握这五个基本句型并掌握它的变式,再根据需要加上适当的定语或状语,我们写出
的句子不仅可以表情达意,而且还会符合语言规范,生动活泼。例如:
1. We
eat.(主语+谓语)
2. He was a tall thin man.
(主语+系动词+表语)
3. I have bought some chocolate
for you. (主语+谓语+宾语)
4. Mr Huang taught us
English. (主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语)
5. He could make
his lessons lively and interesting.
(主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语)
这些都是我们非常熟悉的常见简单句。
句型。
1. S 十 V
2. S十 V 十 P
3. S十 V 十 O
“主语+谓语”结构
“主语+系动词+表语”结构
“主语+谓语+宾语”结构
结构
语补足语”结构
主题句 )
仔细分析一下, 我们不难得出相应的
5 种主要
4. S十 V 十 O1 十 O2 “主语+谓语+双宾语”
5. S十
V 十 O 十 C “主语+谓语+宾语+宾
Good morning, everyone!
Now I ’ll tell you a piece of good news.(
We
are planning an outing. ( 主题句 ) We are going to
the People ’s Park by bus on July 10th,
Sunday. (扩展句 ) We’ll leave at 7:00 a.m. at the
school gate and arrive there at 8:30 a.m. in the
morning. (扩展句 ) Then you can go boating and
swimming. (扩展句 ) Let’s have lunch in a
restaurant and join the English corner in the
afternoon. ( 扩展句 ) If you would like to take
photos,
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you’d better take a
camera. ( 扩展句 ) The time to return is 4:30 p.m.. (
扩展句 ) Please get ready
for the outing. ( 扩展句 )
Wish all of us have a good time. ( 结尾句 )
Dear John,
Thanks very much for the
information about the English evening class.(主题句 )
It sounds
very interesting to me. (扩展句 ) You
know I want to practise my English and make some
new
friends. (扩展句 ) I think this English
evening class will be helpful to me. (扩展句 ) Could
you
please tell me a little more about the
class? ( 扩展句 ) When does it begin and how much
does it
cost? (扩展句 ) Where will the class be
held? ( 扩展句 ) Also, do you have any more
information
about what we will do in class? (
扩展句 )
I’m looking forward to hearing from you
as soon as possible. ( 结尾句 )
Yours
Joe
掌握了这 5 种基本句型就能基本满足我们在日常生活中的交际要求,陈述句、疑问
句、感叹句、被动语态、强调结构、 it 作引导词或形式主语的结构等等也都是由他们演变
而来。如果掌握得熟练,对中考书面表达的要求就能应付自如。
二、运用 5
种基本句型应注意什么?
句型 1、 S 十 V (主语+谓语)
it
作形式主语。在口
在这种句型中,除了谓语动词是不及物动词外,我们要注意掌握这个句型的变式:
有时有附加成分,有时没有附加成分。有时还需要倒装,有时还要用
笔头表达时,我们要根据要求,灵活使用。如:
幻灯片 41
The sun
was shining. (没有附加成分)
He was running fast.
He went away.
We stood still in a line.
We walked (for) five miles.
We waited
(for) half an hour.
(有附加成分)
(有附加成分)
(有附加成分)
(有附加成分)
(有附加成分)
We went
running to meet the guests.
We live in Jinhua.
(有附加成分)
We are going to meet at the school
gate.
(有附加成分)
Here comes the bus
(
.
倒装)
句型 2. S 十 V 十 P “主语+系动词+表语”
V,二是
在这个句型结构中,联系动词是不能独立作谓语的,它必须和表语一起使用,用来说
明主语的身份、特征、性质、情绪和状态等。使用这个句型,一是要注意联系动词
要注意表语的多样性。
联系动词( V),除
BE动词外,还有不少动词可以作为联系动词用。以下几类动词均
可作为联系动词使用:
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1. seem, appear
等表示“似乎” 、“好像”等意思的动 ;词
2. look, taste, smell,
sound, feel 等表示五官感觉的动 ;词
3. remain, keep
等表示“维持,保持”等意思的动 ;词
4. become, grow, turn, get,
go, come, run, fall 等表示“变化、发展”等意思的动 ;词
5.
一些固定搭配。如: marry young old, make sure certain,
sit straight still, blow open
所谓表语的多样性,意思是这些动词后的作表词类语和结构等形式是多种多样的。
现结合联系动词举例说明。
The talk was over.
The
boys were about the same age.
It is time to go
to the park with my classmates.
It is very
nice (for me) to sit sitting here with you.
It seemed (to me) that everyone was really
interested in the trip.
The baby seemed to be
asleep.
You sound surprised.
How did they
become friends?
He kept quiet.
The river
has run dry.
The meat has gone bad.
The
leaves are turning brown.
One of the tigers
broke loose.
She married old.
句型 3. S 十 V
十 O “主语+谓 ”宾+语
V 与前面两个句型中的 V 不同,它是个及物动词,必须
等。
首先,我们必须明白,这里的
1.谓语后面直接用名词或代词作宾语。如:
带宾语O;最重要的是这个句型中的谓语动词,它对后面的宾语有一些特殊的要求。
We
answered the foreign guests ’ many questions in
English.
Our class visited a factory last
Sunday.
The American guests have blue eyes.
2.谓语动词要求词动不定式作语宾。我学过们的这些动词有:
如:
He
wanted to have a rest.
We agreed to have a
talk about it.
Would you like to have a look
around our city?
3.谓语动词要求用名词动作宾 。语
dislike,
prefer
I love eating apples.
She lives
listening to light music.
如:continue, hate,
love, start, begin, enjoy, like,
continue,
decide, hope,
等等。 learn, plan, want, agree,
promise, trouble, start, begin, would like, wish
⋯ to ⋯ , 以及 need, want 作实意动词表示“需要” ,后面跟动名词。如:
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They started learning English
three years ago.
My bike needs mending.
4.谓语动词后面既可以用不定式,
hate 等等。如:
She likes
swimming.
He began talking about his country.
I love walking to schools.
但是,如果 begin,
start 后面的是正在进行的动作,一般用动词不定式作语宾。如:
It began to
rain.
有些动词后面可以跟名词动,也可以跟不定式,但是意思不同,有的在语法上已经
不是宾语。如: remember, forget, stop 等。
也可以用动名词作宾 。语如:like, begin, start, love,
:
较比请
Please remember to wake me up at six in the
morning.
I remembered meeting him before.
He forgot to bring an umbrella with him.
He forgot returning the book to the library.
We were tired so we stopped to have a rest at
the foot of the hill.
I stopped having a look
at the beautiful garden.
5. 有时,
根据表达需要,谓语动词后面要跟 “疑问代词+动词不定式”
ask, know, see,
tell, decide, think, learn 等等。
⋯ ) .
I
don’t know who to go to for advice (who I should
go ⋯ ).
You must learn when to give advice and
when to be silent (when you should
I will ask
find out when the train leaves.
I think that
he is our new teacher.
句型 4. S 十 V 十 O1十 O2
“主语+谓语+双”语宾
give, show, send, bring, read,
pass,
write, pay, throw, allow, wish, teach 以及
make,buy, do,
等两大类。后面的宾语可以是名词或代词,也可以是从句。
to 或 for 引导的短语,意思不变。
或从句作宾 。语如:
英语中有的动词要跟双语,一个是直接宾宾语,一个是接宾间个句型中,双宾
这。语
是由谓样同语语动词决定的。跟双宾词动的语有:
leave, hand,
tell, return,
get, play, save, sing, find
可以改写城一个由 时有语宾接间
He told us that the road
was wet.
Have they paid you the money?
I
will read you the letter.
Could you lend me
your computer?
We give the classroom a good
cleaning very weekend.
Will you give me a
hand?
He passed the dictionary to me.
My
mother bought a present for me.
精选课件
句型 5.
S 十 V 十 O 十 C “主语+谓宾补+语足语”
“宾+补语足语”主要有四种类型:
⑴名词(代词)+
⑵名词(代词)+
⑶名词(代词)+
⑷名词(代词)+
不定式;
分词;
名词(仅限于 find, make, call, consider 等动);
词
形容词(仅限于 find, keep, make, leave, like,
regard, see 等动词)。例如:
I will let you know as
soon as I hear from her.
The teacher asked us
to work hard at our lessons after class.
The
foreigner said that he found us speaking very good
English.
When we got there, we found the park
crowded with people.
He kept it a secret until
he had succeeded.
We made him our monitor.
What do we call this plant in English?
We
must keep the room clean.
Let’s get everything
ready in time.
The news made us very angry.
综观以上 5 种句型 , 我们可以看出 , 在表达的内容决定了之后,决定句型的核心成分就
是动动往往决定着我。词该用的句型,决定着它后面的表语们和宾语的形式。因此,在
练习书面表达,我们时有必要以这5 种基本句型为主线,以提高表达能力为目标,以动词
的掌握和使用为重点,进行分项专题练习,熟练掌握以上
得好成绩。
5
种基本句型,期望在中考中取
你班新转入一位来自澳大利亚的同学,名叫
文,介绍及班级的情况,并对的到来表示欢迎。
Sophia,请根据表格提供的信息,写一篇短
About Sophia
from Sydney,15 years old
out-going , happy
good at swimming
⋯
注意:(1)短文内容可适当增加。
(2)文中不得出现真实的人名和校名。
(3)词数 80~100。
(4)短文首句只供选择使用,不入总计词数。
About the class
hard-working
Helpful,get along well
groupwork
⋯
One possible version
May I have your attention,please? I'd like to
introduce you a new classmate from
精选课件
Sydney,Australia,whose name is Sophia and she
is 15.
Sophia is an out-going and happy is
good at swimming .
Now,Sophia.I think you are
lucky enough to be a member of this big ne is
hard-work
ing and ready to help whenever you
are in all get along well and groupwork in and ou
t of class is what we are proud of.
OK,you
’s give Sophia a warm welcome and hope she ’
ll enjoy her stay in this great big family.
幻灯片 59
2016 年
假如你是 No. 2 Middle School
生来你家居住。
的学生李华,下周,一批英国中学生将来你们学校进
写一封自荐信, 邀请其中一位学 行为期两周的学习和交流。请根据下列表格中的要点,
Key(要点)
Like to do
Able to do
Family
Words and expressions for
reference参考词
汇
make friends, ⋯
good
at, know
helpful,
English
able to
culture, ⋯
speak Friendly,
English , ⋯
.
注意( 1)短文内容可适当增加; (2)文中不得出现真实的人名和校名; (3)词数:
80---100;
(4)短文首句仅供选择使用,不入词计数。
短文首句: I am
Li
Dear friend:
__________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________
Yours,
Li Hua
One possible version
Dear
to invite
letter.
friend,
I am Li Hua,
you
to come
make
good
I like to
I’m
also
As
are
can
not
also
Do
meeting
for my
only
speak
you
you.
Yours,
Li Hua
culture. Do
a boy
and
friends.
at sports
will
student
in my
and
like
This
a lot
from
home
know
No.2 Middle
the
reason
School,
next
I’m writing
two
British
My pareots
they
to
weeks.
this
stay during
something
about?
you come,
is or not,
Looking forward
Hua, a atudent from No.2
Middle School.
is the main
to talk
also
I write
about
you think
kind
think
we have
and
family,
you
English!
I am
it the moment
helpful,Believe
now?
friendly, but
your first choice