Unit 5 The American Civil War全新版大学英语综合教程五教案.ppt
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Unit 5 The American Civil War
Ⅰ.
Suggested Teaching Plan
Objectives
Students will be able to:
1. grasp the
main idea and structure of the text;
2. learn
how to use comparison and contrast in expository
writing as well as transitional
devices in the
text;
3. master the key language points and
grammatical structures in the text;
4. conduct
a series of reading, listening, speaking and
writing activities related to the theme
of the
unit.
Time allotment
1
st
period
Pre-reading;
While-
reading
(three-part
division of the
text)
2
nd
period
While-
reading
(Part I, Part
II)
3
rd
period
While-reading;
Post-reading
(discussion)
4
th
period
Post-
reading;
Check on Ss’
home reading
(Text B)
5
th
period
Theme-
Related
Language
Learning Tasks
Pre-
reading tasks
1. T asks Ss the following
questions on the recording: (5 minutes)
— How
did the two generals differ in their appearance
and dress? (Grant was shorter,
younger, brown-
haired, tattered and careless in his dress,
without a sword; Lee was
taller, older, gray-
haired, meticulous in his dress, carrying a fine
sword.)
— What request did Lee make after he
reviewed the surrender terms? (He asked that the
Cavalry and Artillery men of the Confederate
Army should keep their horses.)
2. Ss do Cloze
B and Translation in after-text exercises to learn
more about the different
backgrounds of Grant
and Lee. T may not necessarily ask Ss to use the
words and phrases
given in the box of
Translation, as afterwards they can further
revise. (30 minutes)
3. Based on the above two
activities, Ss come up with several descriptive
nouns or adjectives
to summarize the
characteristics of Lee and Grant (e.g. aristocrat
vs. commoner). (5
minutes)
While-
reading tasks
1. Ss do Text Analysis
Exercise 1, and then T dictates to them the main
ideas of the three
parts. (10 minutes)
2.
T explains the language points in Part I and has
Ss practice them, (see Language Study)
(10
minutes)
3. T asks Ss to scan Part II to
locate the introduction paragraph and conclusion
paragraph
herein (Para 3 and Para 12,
respectively). Then T calls their attention to the
transitional
devices used by the author here.
(10 minutes)
4. Ss finish Text Analysis
Exercise 3. (5 minutes)
5. T explains the
language points in Part II and has Ss practice
them, (see Language Study)
(25 minutes)
6.
T asks Ss to scan Part III and tell what Grant and
Lee had in common. Then again T asks
them to
note the transitional devices used in this part.
(10 minutes)
7. T explains the language points
in Part III and has Ss practice them, (see
Language
Study) (15 minutes)
Post-
reading Task
1. Discussion and out-of-
class research: (20 minutes)
1) Ss spend some
time in class discussing in groups what Grant and
Lee might do after
the war, based on each
person’s background, beliefs, previous
experiences, etc.
2) Several groups report to
class.
3) Ss form groups to do an out-of-class
research project to find out what actually
happened to Grant and Lee after the Civil War.
4) T may check on their research results
during the next meeting.
2. T guides Ss
through some after-text exercises. (30 minutes)
3. T checks on Ss’ home reading (Text B). (3
minutes)
4. Ss do Part IV: Theme-Related
Language Learning Tasks. (1 period)
5. T asks
Ss to prepare for the next unit: (2 minutes)
1) do the pre-reading task;
2) preview
Text A.
Ⅱ. Cultural Notes
1.
Ulysses S. Grant (1822-1885): the general who
commanded the US Army during the Civil
War and later became the 18th President
of the US (1869-1877). His greatest Civil War
victory was at Vicksburg, Mississippi, and he
accepted the surrender of Robert E Lee at
Appomattox Court House. Grant was a
Republican. He was not a successful president
because he
failed to stop the illegal actions
of some of the friends he had appointed to office.
His two
volumes of personal memoirs are among
the best military books ever written.
2.
Robert E. Lee (1807-1870): the leader of the
armies of the Confederate States during the
American Civil War. He was respected for his
honor and kindness. General Lee won many
battles against the larger Union armies,
including the second battle of Bull Run and
Chancellorsville. He lost at Gettysburg,
however, and soon afterwards surrendered to
General
Grant at Appomattox Court House.
Before the Civil War, President Lincoln asked him
to lead the
US armies, but Lee was loyal to
his state of Virginia and joined the South. After
the war, he
became president of Washington
College, later renamed Washington and Lee College.
3. Confederacy: the 11 southern states that
left the Union in 1861 to form a new nation. This
caused the American Civil War. The President
of the Confederate States was Jefferson Davis and
their capital city was first Montgomery,
Alabama and later Richmond, Virginia. The
Confederate
States, in their order of leaving
the Union, were South Carolina, Mississippi,
Florida, Alabama,
Georgia, Louisiana, Texas,
Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee and North Carolina.
4. Appomattox Court House: a former small
community in the state of Virginia where the
American Civil War ended. General Robert E Lee
of the Confederate States surrendered on 9 April
1865 to General Ulysses S Grant in a private
house. The area is now a national historical park.
5. the battle of Chancellorsville: a major
battle (1-5 May 1863) fought in Virginia during
the American Civil War. The South, led by
Robert E Lee and Thomas Stonewall Jackson,
defeated
a large northern army. More than
30,000 soldiers died in the battle, including
Jackson himself.
6. Vicksburg: a city on the
Mississippi River in the state of Mississippi.
During the Civil War it was
captured by the
army of General Grant after a seven-month siege.
This gave the Union control of
the river and
split the Confederate States. The Vicksburg
National Military Park is a popular tourist
attraction today.
Ⅲ. Language Study
1. chapter: any distinct period in history or
in a person’s life; a subdivision of a written
work; usually numbered and titled
Examples: The whole period leading up to the
revolution is an interesting chapter in British
history.
He began a new chapter in life
when he entered university.
Chapter six is
all about the solar system.
2. to be sure:
admittedly, I can’t deny
Examples: To be sure,
the SARS epidemic has brought about some negative
effect on our
economy.
To be sure,
there exist some differences between men and
women.
3. vainly: unsuccessfully; uselessly
Examples: He tried vainly to make them listen
to him.
If this fighting finally brings peace
to the area, the soldiers will not have died
vainly.
4. in effect: in fact, although
perhaps not appearing so
Examples: The two
viruses are, in effect, identical.
It sounds
as if I am getting a pay rise, but in effect I’m
losing money.
5. write out: write (sth.
formal); write especially in a full and complete
form
Examples: It’s just in note form but I’ll
write it out properly for you later.
If you
wait a minute, I’ll write you out a receipt.
6. poignant: deeply moving, highly emotional;
producing a sharp feeling of sadness
Examples:
The picture awakens poignant memories of happier
days.
It is especially poignant that he died
the day before his wedding.
7. collision: the
act of coming into disagreement or striking
together
Examples: The play represents the
collision of three generations.
Two drivers
were killed in a direct collision between a car
and a taxi last night.
8. embody: represent
Examples: She embodied good sportsmanship on
the playing field.
His song embodied the
spirit of the age.
9. ownership: the right or
state of being an owner
Examples: Do you have
any proof of ownership of for this car?
The
enterprises were transferred out of public and
into private ownership.
10. key: adjust; lock
with a key
Examples: The books are keyed to
the interests of very young children.
I
taught my daughter how to key the door.
11.
bring forth: give rise to; produce
Examples:
Why didn’t you bring forth your suggestion at the
meeting yesterday?
Lots of trees bring forth
fruit.
12. solemn: deeply earnest; serious;
grave; formal
Examples: I give you my solemn
promise that I will do everything I can to help
you.
Her solemn little face broke into
smiles. The memorial service was a very solemn
occasion.
13. obligation: sth. which must
be done because of a duty or promise
Examples:
If you have not signed a contract, you are under
no obligation to pay them any
money.
You
have a legal obligation to ensure your child
receives a proper education.
14.
leadership: the body of people who lead a group;
the activity of leading; the ability to lead
Examples: There is growing discontent with the
leadership.
The election for the leadership of
the council will take place on Tuesday.
The
group flourished under her firm leadership.
He lacks leadership qualities.
15. virtue:
any admirable quality
Examples: Humility is
considered a virtue.
Her flaws were as large
as her virtues.
16. ideal: the idea of sth.
that is perfect; sth. that one hopes to attain
Examples: My ideal is to have a home in town
and another in the country.
A gold medal would
be my ideal, but I’ll be satisfied with any medal.
17. in the end: finally
Examples: We were
thinking about going to New York, but in the end
we went to Los Angeles.
I toyed with the idea
of calling the police, but in the end, I didn’t.
18. enthusiasm: passion (followed by for)
Examples: One of the good things about
teaching young children is their enthusiasm to
learn things.
After the accident he lost
his enthusiasm for the sport.
19. come up:
become more successful in your job, or to achieve
a better position in society
Examples: He’s
just been made the manager of the Personnel
Department — he’s really
coming up in the
world. world.
From a carpenter to the
manager of the famous company, he came up the hard
way.
20. the hard way: in the most difficult
way, at a great cost
Examples: She always does
things the hard way.
I got the PhD the hard
way.
21. to a fault: to an exceptional degree
Examples: She’s a really sweet person and
she’s generous to a fault.
Kind to a fault,
she forgave that unfaithful husband of hers.
22. surge: a sudden forward movement; a sudden
occurrence
Examples: At the end of the game,
there was a surge of fans onto the field.
A
tidal surge caused severe flooding in the coastal
areas.
23. implicit: undeclared, unexpressed
Examples: He interpreted her comments as an
implicit criticism of the government.
I took
his silence for implicit agreement.
24.
groove: a settled routine that is hard to escape
Examples: We never do anything exciting any
more — we seem to be stuck in a groove.
Things just go along in the same old groove.
25. set up shop in business: establish one’s
business operations
Examples: Sam
Walton set up shop in 1962 with a small store.
They set up shop in a small building but soon
expanded.
26. prosper: gain in wealth; grow
stronger
Examples: A lot of microchip
manufacturing companies prospered last year.
Our business has just started to prosper.
27. accessible: capable of being reached; easy
to reach (followed by to)
Examples: The resort
is easily accessible by road, rail and air.
Foreign newspapers and magazines are
accessible to everyone at the local library.
28. in relation to: with respect to
Examples: All our positions are filled in
relation to your question about jobs.
I have
nothing to say in relation to the price of these
computers.
29. static: not acting or changing
Examples: Oil prices have remained static for
the last few months.
The workers are
complaining that their wages have remained static
for four years.
30. tenacity: the
determination to continue what one is doing
(uncountable noun)
Examples: Talent, hard
work, and sheer tenacity are all crucial to career
success.
Medical staff fought against the
epidemic with tenacity.
31. widen: become
broader or wider or more extensive; make wider
Examples: Traveling certainly widens your
horizons.
As it approaches the sea, the river
begins to widen.
32. stand by: not act or do
anything
Examples: We can’t stand by while
millions of people starve.
We can’t stand by
and let these kids be ill-treated.
33.
vitality: the property of being able to survive
and grow
Examples: Without continued learning,
graduates will lose their intellectual vitality.
China’s reforms have brought vitality to its
economy.
34. champion: a person who has worked
hard in support of a particular cause or
principle; a
person who defeats all others in
a contest, competition or tournament
Examples:
Martin Luther King is considered one of the
leading champions of the civil rights
movement.
She is the world champion for
the third year in succession.
35. personality:
the type of person you are, which is shown by the
way you behave, feel and thin
Examples: He is
well qualified for the job technically speaking,
but he does lack personality
(=he is a
boring per boring person).
They have three
children, all with quite different personalities.
36. underlying: in the nature of sth. though
not immediately obvious; fundamental
Examples:
I think that the underlying problem is the high
rate of unemployment.
To solve a problem you
have to understand its underlying causes.
37. aspiration: a strong desire to
achieve sth. high or great
Examples: The
presidency had been her aspiration since college.
He has aspirations to become a great writer.
38. to begin with: in the first place
Examples: The hotel was awful! To begin with,
our room was far too small. Then we found
that
the shower didn’t work.
It can’t be done. To
begin with, there’s no time to plan it, and
secondly, we haven’t
got enough men.
39.
indomitable: (of a person) strong, brave, and
impossible to defeat
Examples: She was viewed
as a woman of indomitable will.
Facing the
threat of death the rescuers displayed an
indomitable spirit.
40. refusal: a case of
refusing to do, accept, or allow sth.
Examples: Our request for permission to travel
there met with a refusal from the authorities.
Their refusal to negotiate with us made
progress difficult.
41. reconciliation: the
reestablishing of cordial relations (followed by
between with of)
Examples: It took hours of
negotiations to bring about a reconciliation
between the two sides.
The couple have
separated but he wants a reconciliation.
42.
wholly: to a complete degree or to the full or
entire extent
Examples: It’s a machine that is
wholly British-made.
To be fair, it’s not
wholly her fault.