英语 形态学.ppt
小露珠-编头发的步骤及图片
形态学
Morphology
1
词 素
morpheme
词素是单词的最小的有意义的组成部分。
Childlike=Child+ like
2
词根经常被看做单词的一部分，它本身有清楚的确定的意义但却不能被单独使用。如bio-,
tri-,
aero-
自由词素是独立的意义单位,自身能够单独使用,如drink,
stand, moon等
3 屈折词缀
用来表明各种各样的语法关系或范畴，如数、时态、级和格等。
4
前 缀
prefix
一般来说，前缀只是改变词的意义，但并不改变其词类。
5
anti -
auto -
be -
bi -
bio -
centi -
co -
con -
com -
col -
cor -
antiwar
autobiography
befriend, belittle
biweekly
biosphere
centigrade
cooperation
contemporary
Compress
collect
collaborate
correspond
correlate
6
contra - :
counter - :
de - :
dis - :
e - :
en -
:
em - :
ex - :
extra
- :
contradict
counterattack
devalue, de-emphasize
disorder,
disagree
eject, emerge
encase
embrace, empower
exclude
extraordinary, extrasensory
7
fore- :
in- :
im- :
il- :
ir- :
inter- :
intra- :
kilo- :
forefather
inhuman, inadequate
immoralimbalance
illegalilliterate
irrelevantirregular
international
Intracity, introspection
kilometer
8
macro- :
micro- :
mal- :
mid- :
mini- :
mis-
:
mono- :
multi- :
non- :
out- :
over- :
macroworld
microworld
malcontent, malfunction
midpoint, midway
miniwar
misunderstand
monologue
multilingual
nonexistent
outsize
outflow
overstudyoverestimate
9
poly- :
post- :
pre- :
pseudo- :
re- :
semi- :
sub- :
super- :
tele- :
therm- :
polyfunctional,polyatomic
postgraduatepostpone
prehistory
pseudoscience
reactreappear
semicircle
subtropicssubcentral
supernaturalsupervise
telephonetelescope
thermalthermometer
10
trans- :
tri- :
ultra- :
un- :
under-:
uni- :
vice- :
transplanttransform
tricycletriangle
ultracleanultrared
unrealunlock
underseaunderestimate
uniformunique
vice-president
11
后 缀
suffix
一般来说，后缀不仅改变词的意义，而且使单词由一种词类转变为另一种词类。
12
-ability :
-ibility :
-age :
-al
:
-an :
-ian :
-arian :
-ance
:
-ence :
名词后缀
adaptability
sensibility
marriagepostage
survivalbetrayal
Americanrepublican
comedianCanadian
humanitarianlibrarian
disturbance
insistence
13
-ancy
:
-ency :
-ant :
-ent :
-cy :
-dom :
-ee :
-er :
-or :
-ar
:
redundancy
solvency
vibrantassistantrelevant
sentimentabsorbentstudent
Intricacyaccuracy
kingdom
returnee
leaderwasherbatter
arbitratorgenerator
liarbeggarscholar
名词后缀
14
-ery :
-ese :
-ess :
-ful :
-hood :
-ics :
greeneryrobbery
Chinesecantonese
poetesshostess
handful
bachelorhoodchildhood
athetics
名词后缀
15
-ion :
-ition :
-ation :
-ism :
-ist :
-ity :
-ty :
-ment :
-ness :
名词后缀
concisioncushion
definition
obligation
empiricismfatalismtourismalcoholism
humanism
feminist
absurditydiversity
safetyspecialty
movementequipment
Forwardnesscarelessness
16
-ology :
-ship :
-sion :
-ssion :
-ure :
名词后缀
biology
hardship
kingshipairmanship
vision
expressionpermission
failureprocedure
17
-en :
-ify :
-ize :
-ise :
动词后缀
shorten
glorify
publicize
memorise
18
形容词后缀
-able :
-ible :
-al :
-an :
-ian :
-ant :
-ent :
-ary :
-ory :
-ate :
believabledrinkable
accessible
personal
urban
Canadian
resistant
insistent
honorary
armory
coordinateconsiderate
19
形容词后缀
-en :
-ese :
-free :
-ful
:
-ics :
-ical :
-ish :
-ive :
wooden
Chinese
dutyfreepainfree
forgetfulpainful
electronics
skeptical
fiendish
impassive
20
形容词后缀
-less :
-like :
-ly :
-ous :
-ious :
-some :
-ward :
-wards :
-y :
carelesseffortless
dreamlike
timelyweeklylovely
mountainous
curious
troublesome
upward
upwardsinwards
rainy
21
副词后缀
-ly :
-ward :
-wise :
gloriously extremelydefinitely
downwardforward
sidewiseclockwiselikewise