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部编五年级小学英语阅读理解的做题技巧

（一）、阅读理解一般分为故事幽默类、说明、科普类等。

1故事幽默类一般前面都在为幽默做铺垫，只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来。

这类短文一般难度不大，认真阅读，仔细选择，问题都可以解决，如Write a Letter to Mary,
A Dirty Boy, On the Bus 等

2小学的说明,科普类短文都十分浅显,只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的,如,Time, the Spring
Festival .等,即使文章较长,问题也十分明显，从文中都能找到答案.

同学可动手做做下题：根据短文内容选择答案.

is very good at school, but he is not clean. His face and hands are often dirty. He washes
them with water only. He does not use soap(肥皂).

Sam has an uncle. One day his uncle goes to see him. He looks at him and says, “Sam, I know
what you ate for breakfast this morning.”

“What?” Sam looks at his uncle and says.

“Eggs” says his uncle, “Your face and mouth tell me that.”

“You are wrong, uncle!”says Sam, “Not today or yesterday,but the day before yesterday(前天)!”

( )(1).Who is Sam?

A. He is English. B. He is a student. C He is a young pioneer. D He is a teacher.

( )(2) What’s the Chinese for “dirty”?

A. It’s “ 脏的“. B It’s “干净的” C It’s “坏的 “ D It’s “好的”

( )(3) What’s on Sam’s face and mouth?

A Eggs. B Soap C Water D Bread

( )(4) Which of these is not wrong?

A Sam doesn’t wash his face and hands every day.

B. The uncle thinks the boy ate eggs last morning.

C Sam doesn’t like eggs at all.

D. Sam doesn’t know his uncle.

(母鸡): There is some rice here. Eat it like this,my children.

Chickens: Like this, Mother?

Hen: Yes,that’s right, good.

Eagle(鹰): There are some chickens here. I want to eat them.

Hen: Don’t worry, my children . Let me do with it.

Eagle:Can you let me eat some chickens,?

Hen:No, you can’t. There is a hunter(猎人)near here.

Eagle: I must go now.

Hen: Let’s go home, my children.

Chickens: All right.

( )(1) The chicken likes to eat the ____.

A hen B rice C chicken D his children

( )(2) The hen _____look after her children.

A can B can’t C is D isn’t

( )(3)______saves the chickens.

A The hunter. B The hen C The eagle D A man

( )(4)The eagle can’t eat_____ at last.

A the chickens B go. C the hunter D the hen

（二）、解题时有以下几种方法：

（1）略读法：关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，获得足够的信息
以便准确地回 答有关文章主旨和大意的问题。要特别注意文章首尾两段，第一段往往点明
文章主题或作者意图，而最后 一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容。要学会寻找文
章段落的主题句，因为把每段主题句的意思综 合起来实际上就是全文的中心思想，文章的
主题句也可能出现在段落中间或结尾。

（ 2）查阅法：考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章，而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分，然后
加以阅读就行。 查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息，即谁、什么、什么时间、什么地点、什
么原因以及如何发生等有关或者 具体的数字。

（3）同义互释法：在小学升学考试中有些深层理解或者判断推理的问题可以采 用同义互释
法。

（4）判断推理法：有时4个题项中不止一个可以作为答案项，这时 就应该意识到该题是一
个判断推理题。要根据文章的主旨和作者的意图，选择比较，去伪存真，选出切合 文章主
旨和作者意图的最佳答案。

（三）、同学们在做阅读理解时应注意的问题有哪些？

１、弄清文章体裁，快速理解 文章。对不同体裁的文章，要根据其体裁特点，运用不同的
方法快速阅读，正确理解。记叙文一开始交待 人物、时间、地点、事件，然后详细叙述原
因。议论文中，作者先提论点，再加以分析，或举例论证，得 出结论。说明文中，作者先
提出说明对象，然后从时间、空间、用途、方法、步骤等不同侧面加以说明。

２、仔细研读首尾句，预测文中细节。小学升学考试英语文章往往隐去了标题，这给抓文章中心带来了困难。然而，英语的写作特点一般是按总-分-总这一思路来写的。因此，研
读首、尾 句，不但可以帮助考生抓住文章的内容，还可以揣测作者的态度、意图，从而进
一步猜出作者着重要写的 细节。

３、略读选答，带问阅读。做英语阅读理解题时，首先应浏览一遍所提问题及选项，然 后
带着这些问题有目的、有针对性地阅读文章。

４、联系生活常识，及早排除错误选 项。阅读理解中四个选项，有时有一个或两个与常识
或其他学科中所学的知识不相符。我们可先将其排队 在阅读中对所剩下的选项进行筛选就
容易多了。

5、解题前要仔细通读全文，遇到难 解的词组和句子不要急躁，尽量根据上下文悟出其义，
解题时要带着问题读查短文分析判断，整题解完后 要认真复查。

6、注意不要改变自己的阅读习惯。有的考生先看题目后看文章，有的先看文章 再看题目，
你平时怎么练，考试就怎么做。临时改变自己的习惯效果往往不好。其次，看清楚题目是概括中心型还是推理判断性。概括某一段的中心时注意这一段的首句和尾句；推理判断题
要注意题目 问的是作者的态度，不是你的态度。


二、阅读理解
2．阅读理解根据表格内容，选择正确答案。

Sam is a student. He has only four lessons every day, but he goes to school six days a week. The
following is his school timetable (时间表).


Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

Saturday

maths

English

science

English

maths

English

science

Spanish

music

PE

art

Spanish

8:00

maths

English

English

9:00

English

maths

maths

10:00

Spanish

art

11:00

PE

music

science

Spanish

（1）—How many subjects does Sam have at school?

—___________________.

A. Nine B. Six C. Seven

（2）—On what day doesn't Sam go to school?

—___________________.

A. Thursday B. Sunday C. Saturday

（3）—How many lessons does Sam have a week?

—___________________.

A. Twenty B. Sixteen C. Twenty- four

（4）—Which subject doesn't Sam have at school?

—___________________.

A. Spanish B. Chinese C. English

【答案】 （1）C

（2）B

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】短文讲述了山姆每天只有四节课，但他每周上学六天，和他的时间表。

（1）句意：萨姆在学校有多少门课？根据表格可知萨姆在学校有七门课，故答案为C.

（2）句意：山姆什么时候不上学？根据 He has only four lessons every day, but he goes to
school six days a week. 可知山姆星期天不上学，故答案为B.

（3）句意：山姆一周有几节课？根据He has only four lessons every day, but he goes to
school six days a week.可知山姆一周有24节课，故答案为C.

（4）句意：萨姆在学校没有哪门课？根据表格可知萨姆在学校没有语文课，故答案为B.

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息
找出相关句进行 选择。




3．阅读理解阅读小短文，判断对错

Mike is new at school, but he has many friends at school. He likes playing football with his
classmates. He likes talking with Lily on the phone. He often gets emails from his friends. They
email him photos, too. He often reads books in the library. Books are his friends, too.

（1）Mike likes playing basketball.

（2）He often calls Mary.

（3）He often email photos to his friends.

（4）He often gets emails from his classmates.

（5）Mike often reads books in the library.

【答案】 （1）0

（2）0

（3）0

（4）0

（5）1

【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了迈克在学校是新来的，在学校有许多朋友，他经常和同学们踢足球，和莉莉通电话，他们经常收到朋友的电子邮件和照片，经常在图书馆看
书。

（1）句意：迈克喜欢打篮球。根据He likes playing football with his classmates. 可知迈克喜
欢和同学们踢足球。故答案为错误。

（2）句意：他经常打电话给玛丽。根据He likes talking with Lily on the phone. 可知他经常
打电话给莉莉。故答案为错误。

（3）句意：他经常给朋友发照片。根据He often gets emails from his friends. They email
him photos, too. 可知他经常收到朋友的电子邮件。故答案为错误。

（4）句意：他经常收到同学的电子邮件。根据He often gets emails from his friends. 可知他
经常收到朋友的电子邮件。故答案为错误。

（5）句意：迈克经常在图书馆看书。根据 He often reads books in the library. 可知迈克经常
在图书馆看书。故答案为正确。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。




4．阅读理解读短文，判断下列句子是否正确。

I'm Kate. I'm a student. I have PE and music on Mondays. My PE teacher is very young. He's
strict. He likes beef, but he doesn't like chicken. He often plays football in the morning. My music
teacher is young, too. She's kind. Her class is so interesting. So I like music classes very much.
Her favourite food is salad. She often reads books and listens to music on the weekend. I like my
teachers.

（1）My music teacher is kind.

（2）My PE teacher is young.

（3）Kate doesn't love her PE teacher.

（4）Kate is a teacher.

（5）Kate's music teacher's favourite food is salad.

【答案】 （1）1

（2）1

（3）0

（4）0

（5）1

【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了凯特体育老师和音乐老师样子，爱好和喜 欢的食物。

（1）句意：我的音乐老师善良。根据 My music teacher is young, too. She's kind. 可知我的音
乐老师善良。故答案为正确。

（2）句意：我的体育老师很年轻。根据 My PE teacher is very young. 可知我的体育老师很
年轻。故答案为正确。

（3）句意：凯特不爱她的体育老师。根据 I like my teachers. 可知凯特爱她的体育老师。故
答案为错误。

（4）句意：凯特是一名教师。根据 I'm Kate. I'm a student. 可知凯特是个学生。故答案为错
误。

（5）句意：凯特的音乐老师最喜欢的食物是色拉。根据 Her favourite food is salad. 可知凯
特的音乐老师最喜欢的食物是色拉。故答案为正确。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。


5．阅读理解读短文，判断下列句子是否正确。

The nature park is so big. There is a forest in the nature park. There are so many flowers. There
is a lake between the flowers. There are many ducks on the lake. What a beautiful park it is!

（1）The nature park is so small

（2）There is a forest in the nature park.

（3）There are lots of flowers.

（4）There is a lake beside the flowers.

（5）There are many ducks on the lake.

【答案】 （1）0

（2）1

（3）1

（4）0

（5）1

【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了自然公园的样子。

（1）句意：自然公园太小了。根据 The nature park is so big. 可知自然公园太大了。故答案
为错误。

（2）句意：自然公园里有一片森林。根据 There is a forest in the nature park. 可知自然公园
里有一片森林。故答案为正确。

（3）句意：有很多花。根据 There are so many flowers. 可知有很多花。故答案为正确。

（4）句意：花边有一个湖。根据 There is a lake between the flowers. 可知花丛之间有一个
湖。故答案为错误。

（5）句意：湖上有许多鸭子。根据 There are many ducks on the lake. 可知湖上有许多鸭
子。故答案为正确。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。

6．阅读理解读短文，选择正确答案。

My name is Ben. This is my family photo. This boy is me. My father is a doctor. He likes
reading newspapers(报纸) very much, My mother is an engineer(工程师). She likes reading books.
This is my little sister. She is five years old. She likes collecting(收集) toys. She has two teddy
bears and three toy cats. I like playing football. I often play it with my friends on Saturdays and
Sundays.

（1）Ben's father is ________.

A. a teacher B. a doctor C. an engineer

（2）________ likes reading books.

A. Ben B. Ben's sister C. Ben's mother

（3）Ben's sister is ________ years old.

A. 5 B. 15 C. 6

（4）________ likes playing football.

A. Ben's father B. Ben C. Ben's brother

（5）There are ________ people in Ben's family.

A. 3 B. 4 C. 5

【答案】 （1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）B

（5）B

【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了本一家人。

（1）根据 My father is a doctor. 可知本的父亲是个医生。故答案为B.

（2）根据 She likes reading books. 可知本的妈妈喜欢看书。故答案为C.

（3）根据 She is five years old. 可知本的妹妹五岁了。故答案为A.

（4）根据 I like playing football. 可知本喜欢踢足球。故答案为B.

（5）根据短文可知本家有4口人。故答案为B.

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读 短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息
找出相关句进行选择。