五年级小学英语阅读理解技巧与训练
元旦诗-银行自荐信
部编五年级小学英语阅读理解技巧与训练
（一）、阅读理解一般分为故事幽默类、说明、科普类等。
1故事幽默类一般前面都在为幽默做铺垫，只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来。
这类短文一般难度不大，认真阅读，仔细选择，问题都可以解决，如Write a Letter
to Mary,
A Dirty Boy, On the Bus 等
2小学的说明,科普类短文都十分浅显,只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的,如,Time, the
Spring
Festival
.等,即使文章较长,问题也十分明显，从文中都能找到答案.
同学可动手做做下题：根据短文内容选择答案.
is very good at
school, but he is not clean. His face and hands
are often dirty. He washes
them with water
only. He does not use soap(肥皂).
Sam has an
uncle. One day his uncle goes to see him. He looks
at him and says, “Sam, I know
what you ate for
breakfast this morning.”
“What?” Sam looks
at his uncle and says.
“Eggs” says his
uncle, “Your face and mouth tell me that.”
“You are wrong, uncle!”says Sam, “Not today or
yesterday,but the day before yesterday(前天)!”
( )(1).Who is Sam?
A. He is English.
B. He is a student. C He is a young pioneer. D He
is a teacher.
( )(2) What’s the Chinese
for “dirty”?
A. It’s “ 脏的“. B It’s “干净的”
C It’s “坏的 “ D It’s “好的”
( )(3) What’s on
Sam’s face and mouth?
A Eggs. B Soap C
Water D Bread
( )(4) Which of these is
not wrong?
A Sam doesn’t wash his face and
hands every day.
B. The uncle thinks the
boy ate eggs last morning.
C Sam doesn’t
like eggs at all.
D. Sam doesn’t know his
uncle.
（二）、解题时有以下几种方法：
（1）略读法：关键是在
能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，获得足够的信息
以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的
问题。要特别注意文章首尾两段，第一段往往点明
文章主题或作者意图，而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重
述文章的主要内容。要学会寻找文
章段落的主题句，因为把每段主题句的意思综合起来实际上就是全文的
中心思想，文章的
主题句也可能出现在段落中间或结尾。
（2）查阅法：考生可以不
需要阅读整篇文章，而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分，然后
加以阅读就行。查阅法主要用于获得具体
的信息，即谁、什么、什么时间、什么地点、什
么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字。
（3）同义互释法：在小学升学考试中有些深层理解或者判断推理的问题可以采用同义互释
法。
（4）判断推理法：有时4个题项中不止一个可以作为答案项，这时就应该意识到该题是一<
br>个判断推理题。要根据文章的主旨和作者的意图，选择比较，去伪存真，选出切合文章主
旨和作者
意图的最佳答案。
（三）、同学们在做阅读理解时应注意的问题有哪些？
１、弄清文章体裁，快速理解文章。对不同体裁的文章，要根据其体裁特点，运用不同的
方法快速阅读，正确理解。记叙文一开始交待人物、时间、地点、事件，然后详细叙述原
因。议论文中，
作者先提论点，再加以分析，或举例论证，得出结论。说明文中，作者先
提出说明对象，然后从时间、空
间、用途、方法、步骤等不同侧面加以说明。
２、仔细研读首尾句，预测文中细节。小学升学
考试英语文章往往隐去了标题，这给抓文
章中心带来了困难。然而，英语的写作特点一般是按总-分-总
这一思路来写的。因此，研
读首、尾句，不但可以帮助考生抓住文章的内容，还可以揣测作者的态度、意
图，从而进
一步猜出作者着重要写的细节。
３、略读选答，带问阅读。做英语阅读理
解题时，首先应浏览一遍所提问题及选项，然后
带着这些问题有目的、有针对性地阅读文章。
４、联系生活常识，及早排除错误选项。阅读理解中四个选项，有时有一个或两个与常识
或其他
学科中所学的知识不相符。我们可先将其排队在阅读中对所剩下的选项进行筛选就
容易多了。
5、解题前要仔细通读全文，遇到难解的词组和句子不要急躁，尽量根据上下文悟出其义，
解题
时要带着问题读查短文分析判断，整题解完后要认真复查。
6、注意不要改变自己的阅读习惯
。有的考生先看题目后看文章，有的先看文章再看题目，
你平时怎么练，考试就怎么做。临时改变自己的
习惯效果往往不好。其次，看清楚题目是
概括中心型还是推理判断性。概括某一段的中心时注意这一段的
首句和尾句；推理判断题
要注意题目问的是作者的态度，不是你的态度。
（四）、判断正误。
对于阅读试题中的判断正误题，相对比较简单，但学生的出错率
仍然较大，究其原因，学
生不懂判断的方法，通常是读完试题之后，凭着自己对阅读文章的大致印象判断
。事实上
判断试题与选择、填空的做题方法基本一致，仍需找出试题中的关键词，带着关键词，在
文中寻找所需信息，然后仔细判断是否与文中信息一致，如一致则正确，，反之错误。试
题：Mary
is sick, Mother takes her to the doctor.
首先在试题中寻找关键词：Mary，sick,
Mother，doctor.带着这些关键词，在
文章中寻找。由于这是阅读文章的第一个试题，所以
我们将答案定位于文章的首段，文中：Mother
says: “Mary, Let’s go to the doctor for a check.”
“Doctor?” says Mary, “I’m not sick, Why do I
need to see the doctor?”此题与文中not
sick信息
不一致，所以不正确。最后一题：The doctor gives Mary a
shot, It does not hurt at all.由于是
最后一题，信息基本在文章的
末断，我们只需将信息定位于文章的末断或上一试题信息之
后，同样带着关键词shot寻找。文中
Mary takes a shot, It does not hurt much.试题中：not
hurt at all与 not hurt much不相符，所以错误。
二、阅读理解
2．阅读理解阅读短文，判断下列句子与短文内容是否相符.
Lin
Tao is a boy. He is eleven years old. He gets up
early every morning. He gets up at 6: 00,
and
then he washes his face. He does morning exercises
at 6:50.
At 7:00, he goes to school.
He usually goes hiking on the weekend. Sometimes
he visits his
grandparents. He likes summer
best, because he can eat ice cream in summer. He
likes winter, too.
Because he can go skiing,
and his birthday is in winter.
（1）Lin Tao
is twelve years old.
（2）Lin Tao gets
up at 6:00 every morning.
（3）Lin Tao
usually goes shopping on the weekend.
（4）Lin Tao likes summer best.
（5）Lin Tao doesn't like winter.
【答案】 （1）0
（2）1
（3）0
（4）1
（5）0
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了林涛的日常生活和爱好。
（1）句意：林涛12岁。根据 He is eleven years old.
可知林涛11岁，故答案为错误。
（2）句意：林涛每天早上6点起床。根据 He
gets up at 6: 00, and then he washes his face.
可知林涛每天早上6点起床，故答案为正确。
（3）句意：林涛通常周末去购物。根据 He usually goes hiking on the
weekend. 可知林涛通
常在周末去徒步旅行，故答案为错误。
（4）句意：林涛最喜欢夏天。根据 He likes summer best, because he
can eat ice cream in
summer.
可知林涛最喜欢夏天，故答案为正确。
（5）句意：林涛不喜欢冬天。根据 He
likes winter, too. 可知林涛喜欢冬天，故答案为错
误。
【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。
3．阅读理解短文阅读。 I have a dress. It's
old and broken. I'd like a new one. Today is a
fine
day. So I go to the clothes shop with my
mother. We see many nice dresses and skirts. I
want to
buy a red dress. But it is one hundred
yuan. It is too expensive (昂贵的)! So I choose (选择)
a
blue one. It's sixty-eight yuan and it fits
(适合) me very well. My mother buys it for me. Then
we
go home by taxi together.
（1）I'd like a new ________.
A. skirt
B. dress C.
sweater
（2）I go to the clothes shop with
my ________.
A. sister
B. father C.
mother
（3）The ________ dress is too
expensive.
A. red
B. blue C.
white
（4）The blue dress is ________ yuan.
A. 68
B. 100
C. 86
（5）We go home by ________.
A. bike
B. bus C.
taxi
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）A
（5）C
【解析】【分析】大意：讲诉主人公和妈妈一起购买新裙子。
（1）句意是我想要买条新裙子。根据I have a dress. It's old and
broken. I'd like a new one.
可
知，主人公旧裙子破损了。想要买条新裙子。dress是裙子的含义。故选B。
（2）句意是我和妈妈一起去服装店了。根据So I go to the clothes
shop with my mother. 可
知，主人公是和妈妈一起去的。故选C。
（3）句意是这件红色的裙子太贵了。根据I want to buy a red dress.
But it is one hundred
yuan. It is too
expensive (昂贵的)!
可知，主人公想买条红色的裙子，但是它太贵了。red是
形容词红色的。故选A。
（4）句意是蓝裙子是68元。根据So I choose (选择) a blue one.
It's sixty-eight yuan and it
fits (适合) me very
well.我选择蓝色的裙子。它是68元并且非常适合我。故选A。
（5）句意是我们坐出租车回家。根据Then we go home by taxi
together.可知，主人公们是
坐出租车回家。故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理
解。首先通读全文，理解大意。其次阅读问题，根据题干信息选择相
应的句子进行选择。
4．阅读理解读短文，判断下列句子是否正确。
This
is the kitchen of my house. It's big and nice.
Look! My mother is cooking in it. Here is a
big table. There are many things on it. What
are these? Oh, they're apples. And what are those?
They are bananas. Let me have an apple. Mmm,
it's so sweet and delicious. Under the table,
there
are two toys. I like the yellow one. But
my baby brother likes the red one. I'm helpful at
home. I
often help my mum clean the house.
（1）There's a big and nice kitchen in my house.
（2）There are some bananas on the table.
（3）The apple is sweet and delicious.
（4）There are two dogs under the table.
（5）My brother often helps my mum at home.
【答案】 （1）1
（2）1
（3）1
（4）0
（5）0
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了我家的厨房的样子。
（1）句意：我家有一个又大又漂亮的厨房。根据 This is the kitchen of my
house. It's big and
nice.
可知我家有一个又大又漂亮的厨房。故答案为正确。
（2）句意：桌子上有一些香蕉。根据
They are bananas. 可知桌子上有一些香蕉。故答案为
正确。
（3）句意：苹果又甜又好吃。根据 Let me have an apple. Mmm, it's
so sweet and delicious.
可知苹果又甜又好吃。故答案为正确。
（4）句意：桌子下面有两只狗。根据 Under the table, there are
two toys. 可知桌子下面有两
只玩具。故答案为错误。
（5）句意：我哥哥经常在家帮助我妈妈。根据 I often help my mum clean
the house. 可知我
经常在家帮助我妈妈。故答案为错误。
【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。
5．阅读理解读短文，判断下列句子是否正确。
This is Sarah's new home. There is a clock in the
study. There is a plant in the living room.
There is a water bottle in the kitchen. There
is a big bed, a photo and a lamp in the bedroom.
Look,
the cat is on the bed now.
（1）The lamp is in the living room.
（2）There is a clock in the study.
（3）There is a water bottle in the kitchen.
（4）There is a photo in the study.
【答案】 （1）0
（2）1
（3）1
（4）0
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了莎拉的新家的样子。
（1）句意：灯在客厅里。根据There is a big bed, a photo and
a lamp in the bedroom. 可知灯
在卧室里。故答案为错误。
（2）句意：书房里有一个钟。根据 There is a clock in the
study. 可知书房里有一个钟。故
答案为正确。
（3）句意：厨房里有一个水瓶。根据 here is a water bottle in the
kitchen. 可知厨房里有一个
水瓶。故答案为正确。
（4）句意：书房里有一张照片。根据 There is a big bed, a photo and
a lamp in the bedroom.
可知卧室里有一张照片。故答案为错误。
【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。
6．阅读理解读短文，选择正确答案。
My name is Ben. This is my family
photo. This boy is me. My father is a doctor. He
likes
reading newspapers(报纸) very much, My
mother is an engineer(工程师). She likes reading
books.
This is my little sister. She is five
years old. She likes collecting(收集) toys. She has
two teddy
bears and three toy cats. I like
playing football. I often play it with my friends
on Saturdays and
Sundays.
（1）Ben's
father is ________.
A. a
teacher B. a doctor
C. an engineer
（2）________ likes reading
books.
A. Ben
B. Ben's sister C.
Ben's mother
（3）Ben's sister is ________
years old.
A. 5
B. 15
C. 6
（4）________ likes playing football.
A. Ben's father
B. Ben C. Ben's
brother
（5）There are ________ people in
Ben's family.
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
【答案】 （1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
（5）B
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了本一家人。
（1）根据 My father
is a doctor. 可知本的父亲是个医生。故答案为B.
（2）根据 She
likes reading books. 可知本的妈妈喜欢看书。故答案为C.
（3）根据 She is five years old. 可知本的妹妹五岁了。故答案为A.
（4）根据 I like playing football.
可知本喜欢踢足球。故答案为B.
（5）根据短文可知本家有4口人。故答案为B.
【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读
短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息
找出相关句进行选择。