高一英语人教版必修三 全册课文内容
2017年鸡年纪念币预约-云南招考频道
Unit 1 Festivals around the
world
FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS
Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have
been held everywhere since ancient times. Most
ancient festivals would celebrate the end of
cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in
autumn.
Sometimes celebrations would be held
after hunters had caught animals. At that time
people
would starve if food was difficult to
find, especially during the cold winter months.
Today’s
festivals have many origins, some
religious, some seasonal, and some for special
people or events.
Festivals of the dead
Some festivals are held to honour the dead or
to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either
to
help or to do harm. For the Japanese
festival Obon, people should go to clean graves
and light
incense in memory of their
ancestors. They also light lamps and play music
because they think
that will lead the
ancestors back to earth. In Mexico, people
celebrate the Day of the Dead in early
November. On this important feast day, people
eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with
“bones” on them. They offer food, flowers and
gifts to the dead. The Western holiday Halloween
also had its origin in old beliefs about the
return of the spirits of dead people. It is now a
children’s
festival, when they can dress up
and go to their neighbours’ homes to ask for
sweets. If the
neighbours do not give any
sweets, the children might play a trick on them.
Festivals to Honour People
Festivals can
also be held to honour famous people. The Dragon
Boat Festival in China honours
the famous
ancient poet, Qu Yuan. In the USA, Columbus Day is
in memory of the arrival of
Christopher
Columbus in the New World. India has a national
festival on October 2 to honour
Mohandas
Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s
independence from Britain.
Harvest Festivals
Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very
happy events. People are grateful because their
food is gathered for the winter and the
agricultural work is over. In European countries,
people
will usually decorate churches and town
halls with flowers and fruit, and will get
together to have
meals. Some people might win
awards for their farm produce, like the biggest
watermelon or the
most handsome rooster. China
and Japan have mid-autumn festivals when people
admire the moon
and in China enjoy moon-cakes.
Spring Festivals
The most energetic and
important festivals are the ones that look forward
to the end of winter and
to the coming of
spring. At the Spring Festival in China, people
eat dumplings, fish and meat and
may give
children lucky money in red paper. There are
dragon dances and carnivals, and families
celebrate the Lunar New Year together. Some
Western countries have very exciting carnivals,
which take place forty days before Easter,
usually in February. These carnivals might include
parades, dancing in the streets day and night,
loud music and colourful clothing of al kinds.
Easter
is an important religious and social
festival for Christians around the world. It
celebrates the return
of Jesus from the dead
and the coming of spring and new life. Japan’s
Cherry Blossom Festival
happens a little
later. The country, covered with cherry tree
flowers, looks as though it is covered
with
pink snow.
People love to get together to eat,
drink and have fun with each other. Festivals let
us enjoy life, be
proud of our customs and
forget our work for a little while.
A SAD LOVE STORY
LI
Fang was heart-broken. It was Valentine’s Day and
Hu Jin had said she would meet him at the
coffee shop after work. But she didn’t turn
up. She could be with her friends right now
laughing at
him. She said she would be there
at seven o’clock, and he thought she would keep
her word. He
had looked forward to meeting her
all day, and now he was alone with his roses and
chocolates,
like a fool. Well, he was not
going to hold his breath for her to apologize. He
would drown his
sadness in coffee.
It
was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop
was waiting for Li Fang to leave - he wiped
the tables, then sat down and turned on the TV
- just what Li Fang needed! A sad Chinese story
about lost love.
The granddaughter of
the Goddess of Heaven visited the earth. Her name
was Zhinü, the
weaving girl. While she was on
earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell
in love. (“Just
like me and Hu Jin,” thought
Li Fang.) They got married secretly, and they were
very happy. (“We
could be like that,” thought
Li Fang.) When the Goddess of Heaven knew that her
granddaughter
was married to a human, she
became very angry and made the weaving girl return
to Heaven. Niu
Lang tried to follow her, but
the river of stars, the Milky Way, stopped him.
Finding that Zhinü
was heart-broken, her
grandmother finally decided to let the couple
cross the Milky Way to meet
once a year.
Magpies make a bridge of their wings so the couple
can cross the river to meet on the
seventh day
of the seventh lunar month. People in China hope
that the weather will be fine on that
day,
because if it is raining, it means that Zhinü is
weeping and the couple won’t be able to meet.
The announcer said, “This is the story of Qiqiao
Festival. When foreigners hear about the story,
they call it a Chinese Valentine’s story. It’s
a fine day today, so I hope you can call all meet
the one
you love.”
As Li Fang set off
for home, he thought, “I guess Hu Jin doesn’t love
me. I’ll just throw these
flowers and
chocolates away. I don’t want them to remind me of
her.” So he did.
As he sadly passed the tea
shop on the corner on his way home, he heard a
voice calling him.
There was Hu Jin waving at
him and calling, “Why are you so late? I’ve been
waiting for you for
a long time! And I have a
gift for you!”
What would he do? He had
thrown away her Valentine gifts! She would never
forgive him. This
would not be a happy
Valentine’s Day! Unit 2
Healthy eating
COME AND EAT HERE
(I)
Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant
feeling very frustrated. It had been a very
strange morning.
Usually he got up early and
prepared his menu of barbecued mutton kebabs,
roast pork, stir-fried
vegetables and fried
rice. Then by lunchtime they would all be sold. By
now his restaurant ought
to be full of people.
But not today! Why was that? What could have
happened? He thought of his
mutton, beef and
bacon cooked in the hottest, finest oil. His cola
was sugary and cold, and his ice
cream was
made of milk, cream and delicious fruit. “Nothing
could be better,” he thought.
Suddenly he saw
his friend Li Chang hurrying by. “Hello, Lao Li,”
he called. “Your usual?” But
Li Chang seemed
not to hear. What was the matter? Something
terrible must have happened if Li
Chang was
not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always
did.
Wang Peng followed Li Chang into a new
small restaurant. He saw a sign at the door.
Tired of all that fat? Want to lose weight?
Come inside Yong Hui’s slimming restaurant.
Only slimming foods served here.
Make
yourself thin again!
Curiosity drove Wang
Peng inside. It was full of people. The hostess, a
very thin lady, came
forward. “Welcome,” she
said. “My name is Yong Hui. I’ll help you lose
weight and be fit in two
weeks if you eat here
every day.” Then she gave a menu to Wang Peng.
There were few choices of
food and drink on
it: just rice, raw vegetables served in vinegar,
fruit and water. Wang Peng was
amazed at this
and especially at the prices. It cost more than a
good meal in his restaurant! He
could not
believe his eyes. He threw down the menu and
hurried outside. On his way home he
thought
about his own menu. Did it make people fat?
Perhaps he should go to the library and find
out. He could not have Yong Hui getting away
with telling people lies! He had better do some
research!
At the library Wang Peng was
surprised to find that his restaurant served far
too much fat and
Yong Hui’s far too little.
Even though her customers might get thin after
eating Yong Hui’s food,
they were not eating
enough energy-giving food to keep them fit. They
would become tired very
quickly. Wang Peng
felt more hopeful as he drove back home. Perhaps
with a discount and a new
sign he could win
his customers back. So he wrote:
Want to
feel fit and energetic?
Come and eat here!
Discounts today!
Our food gives you energy
all day!
The competition between the two
restaurants was on!
COME AND
EAT HERE (II)
A week later, Wang Peng’s
restaurant was nearly full and he felt happier.
Perhaps he would be
able to earn his living
after all and not have to close his restaurant. He
did not look forward to
being in debt because
his restaurant was no longer popular. He smiled as
he welcomed some
customers warmly at the door
but the smile left his face when he saw Yong Hui
walking in. She
did not look happy but glared
at him. “May I ask what you were doing in my
restaurant the other
day? I thought you were a
new customer and now I know that you only came to
spy on me and my
menu,” she shouted. “Please
excuse me,” he calmly explained, “I wanted to know
where all my
customers had gone last week. I
followed one of them and found them in your
restaurant. I don’t
want to upset you, but I
found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying
and started
advertising the benefits of my
food. Why don’t you sit down and try a meal?”
Yong Hui agreed to stay and soon they were both
enjoying dumplings and breast of chicken
cooked with garlic. When they were served the
ice cream, Yong Hui began to look ill. “I feel
sick
with all this fat and heavy food,” she
said, “I miss my vegetables and fruit.” Wang Peng
was
enjoying a second plate of dumplings so he
sighed. “Yes,” he added, “and I would miss my
dumplings and fatty pork. Don’t you get tired
quickly?” “Well, I do have to rest a lot,”
admitted
Yong Hui. “But don’t you think it
would be better if you were a bit thinner? I’m
sure you’d feel
much healthier.”
They
began to talk about menus and balanced diets.
“According to my research, neither your
restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet,”
explained Wang Peng. “I don’t offer enough fibre
and
you don’t offer enough body-building and
energy-giving food. Perhaps we ought to combine
our
ideas and provide a balanced menu with
food full of energy and fibre.” So that is what
they did.
They served raw vegetables with the
hamburgers and boiled the potatoes rather than
fried them.
They served fresh fruit with the
ice cream. In this way they cut down the fat and
increased the
fibre in the meal. Their
balanced diets became such a success that before
long Wang Peng became
slimmer and Yong Hui put
on more weight. After some time the two found that
their business
cooperation had turned into a
personal one. Finally they got married and live
happily ever after.
Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note
THE
MILLION POUND BANK NOTE
Act I, Scene 3
NARRATOR: It is the summer of 1903. Two old
and wealthy brothers, Roderick and Oliver,
have made a bet. Oliver believes
that with a million pound bank note a man
could survive a month in London. His
brother Roderick doubts it. At this
moment,
they see a penniless young man wandering on the
pavement outside their
house. It is Henry
Adams, an American businessman, who is lost in
London and does
not know what he should do.
RODERICK: Young man, would you step inside a
moment, please?
HENRY: Who? Me, sir?
RODERICK: Yes, you.
OLIVER: Through
the front door on your left.
HENRY: (a
servant opens a door) Thanks.
SERVANT: Good
morning, sir. Would you please come in? Permit me
to lead the way, sir.
OLIVER: (Henry
enters) Thank you, James. That will be all.
RODERICK: How do you do, Mr … er …?
HENRY: Adams. Henry Adams.
OLIVER:
Come and sit down, Mr Adams.
HENRY: Thank
you.
RODERICK: Your are an American?
HENRY: That’s right, from San Francisco.
RODERICK: How well do you know London?
HENRY: Not at all. It’s my first trip
here.
RODERICK: I wonder, Mr Adams, if you
mind us asking a few questions?
HENRY: Not
at all. Go right ahead.
RODERICK: May we ask
what you’re doing in this country and what your
plans are?
HENRY: Well, I can’t say that I
have any plans. I’m hoping to find work. As a
matter of fact,
I landed in Britain by
accident.
RODERICK: How is that possible?
HENRY: Well, you see, back home I have my
own boat. About a month ago, I was sailing
out of the bay
…
(his eyes stare at what
is left of the brothers’ dinner on the table)
OLIVER: Well, go on.
HENRY: Oh,
yes. Well, towards nightfall I found myself
carried out to sea by a strong wind.
It was
all my fault. I didn’t know whether I could
survive until morning. The next
morning I’d
just about given myself up for lost when I was
spotted by a ship.
OLIVER: And it was the
ship that brought you to England.
HENRY:
Yes. The fact is that I earned my passage by
working as an unpaid hand, which
accounts for my appearance. I went to the American
embassy to seek help, but …
(the brothers
smile at each other)
RODERICK: Well, you
mustn’t worry about that. It’s an advantage.
HENRY: I’m afraid I don’t quite follow
you, sir.
RODERICK: Tell us, Mr Adams, what
sort of work did you do in America?
HENRY:
I worked for a mining company. Could you offer me
some kind of work here?
RODERICK: Patience,
Mr Adams. If you don’t mind, may I ask how much
money you have?
HENRY: Well, to be honest,
I have none.
RODERICK: (happily) What luck!
Brother, what luck! (claps his hands together)
HENRY: Well, it may seem lucky to you but
not to me! On the contrary, in fact. If this is
your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think
it’s very funny. (Henry stands up to
leave)
Now if you’ll excuse me, I think I’ll be on my
way.
RODERICK: Please don’t go Mr Adams. You
mustn’t think we don’t care about you. Oliver,
give
him the letter.
OLIVER: Yes, the
letter. (gets it from a desk and gives it to Henry
like a gift) The letter.
HENRY: (taking it
carefully) For me?
RODERICK: For you. (Henry
starts to open it) Oh, no, you mustn’t open it.
Not yet. You can’t
open it until two o’clock.
HENRY: Oh, this is silly.
RODERICK:
Not silly. There’s money in it. (calls to the
servant) James?
HENRY: Oh, no. I don’t
want your charity. I just want an honest job.
RODERICK: We know you’re hard-working. That’s
why we have given you the letter. James,
show
Mr Adams out.
OLIVER: Good luck, Mr Adams.
HENRY: Well, why don’t you explain what
this is all about?
RODERICK: You’ll soon
know. (looks at the clock) In exactly an hour and
a half.
SERVANT: This way, sir.
RODERICK: Mr Adams, not until 2 o’clock.
Promise?
HENRY: Promise. goodbye.
Unit 4 Astronomy:
the science of the stars
HOW LIFE
BEGAN ON THE EARTH
No one knows exactly how
the earth began, as it happened so long ago.
However, according to a
widely accepted
theory, the universe began with a “Big Bang” that
threw matter in all directions.
After that,
atoms began to form and combine to create stars
and other bodies.
For several billion years
after the “Big Bang”, the earth was still just a
cloud of dust. What it
was to become was
uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years
ago when the dust settled into
a solid globe.
The earth became so violent that it was not clear
whether the shape would last or not.
It
exploded loudly with fire and rock. They were in
time to produce carbon dioxide, nitrogen,
water vapour and other gases, which were to
make the earth’s atmosphere. What is even more
important is that as the earth cooled down,
water began to appear on its surface.
Water had also appeared on other planets like Mars
but, unlike the earth, it had disappeared later.
It was not immediately obvious that water was
to be fundamental to the development of life. What
many scientists believe is that the continued
presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve
harmful gases and acids into the oceans and
seas. This produced a chain reaction, which made
it
possible for life to develop.
Many
millions of years later, the first extremely small
plants began to appear on the surface of
the
water. They multiplied and filled the oceans and
seas with oxygen, which encouraged the later
development of early shellfish and all sorts
of fish. Next, green plants began to grow on land.
They were followed in time by land animals.
Some were insects. Others, called amphibians, were
able to live on land as well as in the water.
Later when the plants grew into forests, reptiles
appeared for the first time. They produced
young generally by laying eggs. After that, some
huge
animals, called dinosaurs, developed.
They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for
more than
140 million years. However, 65
million years ago the age of the dinosaurs ended.
Why they
suddenly disappeared still remains a
mystery. This disappearance made possible the rise
of
mammals on the earth. These animals were
different from all life forms in the past, because
they
gave birth to young baby animals and
produced milk to feed them.
Finally about
2.6 million years ago some small clever animals,
now with hands and feet,
appeared and spread
all over the earth. Thus they have, in their turn,
become the most important
animals on the
planet. But they are not looking after the earth
very well. They are putting too
much carbon
dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat
from escaping from the earth into
space. As a
result of this, many scientists believe the earth
may become too hot to live on. So
whether life
will continue on the earth for millions of years
to come will depend on whether this
problem
can be solved.
A
VISIT TO THE MOON
Last month I was lucky
enough to have a chance to make a trip into space
with my friend Li
Yanping, an astronomer. We
visited the moon in our spaceship!
Before we
left, Li Yanping explained to me that the force of
gravity would change three times
on our
journey and that the first change would be the
most powerful. Then we were off. As the
rocket
rose into the air, we were pushed back into our
seats because we were trying to escape the
pull of the earth’s gravity. It was so hard
that we could not say anything to each other.
Gradually
the weight lessened and I was able
to talk to him. “Why is the spaceship not falling
back to the
earth? On the earth if I fall from
a tree I will fall to the ground.” I asked. “We
are too far from the
earth now to feel its
pull,” he explained, “so we feel as if no gravity
at all. When we get closer to
the moon, we
shall feel its gravity pulling us, but it will not
be as strong a pull as the earth’s.” I
cheered
up immediately and floated weightlessly around in
our spaceship cabin watching the earth
become
smaller and the moon larger.
When we got
there, I wanted to explore immediately. “Come on,”
I said. “If you are right, my
weight will be
less than on the earth because the moon is smaller
and I will be able to move more
freely. I
might even grow taller if I stay here long enough.
I shall certainly weigh less!” I laughed
and
climbed down the steps from the spaceship. But
when I tried to step forward. I found I was
carried twice as far as on the earth and fell
over. “Oh dear,” I cried, “walking does need a bit
of
practice now that gravity has changed.”
After a while I got the hang of it and we began to
enjoy
ourselves.
Leaving the
moon’s gravity was not as painful as leaving the
earth’s. But returning to the earth
was very
frightening. We watched, amazed as fire broke out
on the outside of the spaceship as the
earth’s
gravity increased. Again we were pushed hard into
our seats as we came back to land.
“That was
very exhausting but very exciting too,” I said.
“Now I know much more about gravity!
Do you
think we could visit some stars next time?” “Of
course,” he smiled, “which star would you
like
to go to?”
Unit 5 CANADA- “THE TRUE NORTH”
A
TRIP ON “THE TRUE NORTH”
Li Daiyu and her
cousin Liu Qian were on a trip to Canada to visit
their cousins in Montreal on the
Atlantic
coast. Rather than take the aeroplane all the way,
they decided to fly to Vancouver and
then take
the train from west to east across Canada. The
thought that they could cross the whole
continent was exciting.
Their friend,
Danny Lin, was waiting at the airport. He was
going to take them and their
baggage to catch
“The True North”, the cross-Canada train. On the
way to the station, he chatted
about their
trip. “You’re going to see some great scenery.
Going eastward, you’ll pass mountains
and
thousands of lakes and forests, as well as wide
rivers and large cities. Some people have the
idea that you can cross Canada in less than
five days, but they forget the fact that Canada is
5,500
kilometres from coast to coast. Here in
Vancouver, you’re in Canada’s warmest part. People
say it
is Canada’s most popular cities to live
in. Its population is increasing rapidly. The
coast north of
Vancouver has some of the
oldest and most beautiful forests in the world. It
is so wet there that the
trees are extremely
tall, some measuring over 90 metres.”
That
afternoon aboard the train, the cousins settled
down in their seats. Earlier that day, when
they crossed the Rocky Mountains, they managed
to catch sight of some mountain goats and even
a grizzly bear and an eagle. Their next stop
was Calgary, which is famous for the Calgary
Stampede. Cowboys from all over the world come
to compete in the Stampede. Many of them
have
a gift for riding wild horses and can win
thousands of dollars in prizes.
After two
days’ travel, the girls began to realize that
Canada is quite empty. At school, they had
learned that most Canadians live within a few
hundred kilometres of the USA border, and
Canada’s population is only slightly over
thirty million, but now they were amazed to see
such an
empty country. They went through a
wheat-growing province and saw farms that covered
thousands of acres. After dinner, they were
back in an urban area, the busy port city of
Thunder
Bay at the top of the Great Lakes. The
girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships
can sail up
the Great Lakes. Because of the
Great Lakes, they learned, Canada has more fresh
water than any
other country in the world. In
fact, it has one-third of the world’s total fresh
water, and much of it
is in the Great Lakes.
That night as they slept, the train rushed
across the top of Lake Superior, through the great
forests and southward towards Toronto.