高中人教版英语必修五课本答案
古典名著手抄报-个人政治思想总结
教材练习答案及听力原文
Unit 1
WARMING UP
?Answers:
1 Archimedes, Ancient Greek (287-212 BC) He
was a mathematician. He found that if you put an
object into water the water pushes the object
up. It rises and partly floats. The force of the
water
pushing it up is the same as the weight
of the object.
2 Charles Darwin, British
(1808-1882) The Origin of Species was published in
1859. It explained
how plants and animals had
changed over time to fit in with a changing
environment. At the time
it was published it
was very controversial. Many people believed the
Bible when it said that God
made the first two
people (Adam and Eve) and that all other people
came from these two.
Darwin’s book showed that
people had developed from apes instead. So this
caused a lot of
argument between religious and
scientific people. However Darwin’s idea became
very influential
and is still accepted today.
3 Thomas Newcomen, British (1663-1729) He
improved the first steam pump built by Thomas
Savery in 1698 and turned it into a steam
engine for taking water out of mines in 1712.
James
Watt improved it still further in the
1770s turning it into the first modern steam
engine used on the
railways.
4 Gregor
Mendel, Czech (1822-1884) He grew pea plants and
developed ideas on heredity and
inherited
characteristics. He concentrated on cross-
fertilising pea plants and analyzing the results.
Between 1856-1863 he grew 28,000 pea plants.
He examined seven kinds of seed and plant
characteristics and developed some laws of
inheritance. The first is that inheritance factors
do not
combine but are passed to the next
generation intact. Second, he found that each
partner gives half
the inherited factors to
the young. Third, some of these factors show up in
the offspring (and so
are dominant). The other
factors are masked by the dominant ones (and so
are recessive).
5 Marie Curie, Polish and
French (1867-1934) She was born in Poland and came
to study in
France in 1891 and she lived there
for the rest of her life. In 1898 she discovered
radium. She
received two Nobel prizes, one
(with Pierre Curie) for physics (1903) and one for
chemistry
(1911). She is the only person to
have been so honoured. On the death of her husband
she took
over his job at the Sorbonne in
Paris. Her work on radioactivity and the discovery
of radium meant
that she began a new
scientific area of research. She was the first
woman to receive a Nobel Prize
and the first
woman to teach at the Sorbonne.
6 Thomas
Edison, American (1847-1931) He was already an
inventor of other electrical devices
(phonograph, electric light bulb) when in 1882
he designed a system for providing New York with
electricity from a central power station. This
was a tremendous achievement, which had
previously been thought impossible.
7 Leonardo da Vinci, Italian
(1452-1519) He was a famous artist whose skill for
showing human
skin tones made his paintings
seem to come alive. He used to study dead people
in order to make
his paintings as accurate as
possibile. Some of his famous paintings include
“The Adoration of the
Magi” and the “The Last
Supper”. Later in his life he lived in France
where he designed a
submarine and a flying
machine.
8 Sir Humphry Davy, British
(1778-1829) He did research into different gases
and discovered the
medicinal value of nitrous
oxide (or laughing gas) as an anaesthetic. In 1815
he developed a safety
lamp for miners.
Previously there had been many accidents when
candles on the miners’ helmets
had exploded
when it came into contact with underground gas
from the coal the miners were
digging. The
safety helmet made working underground very much
safer.
9 Zhang Heng, Chinese (78-139) He
invented the first seismograph to indicate in the
direction of
an earthquake. It was in the
shape of a cylinder with eight dragon heads round
the top, each with a
ball in its mouth. Around
the bottom were eight frogs directly under a
dragon’s head. When an
earthquake occurred, a
ball fell out of the dragon’s mouth, making a
noise.
10 Stephen Hawking, British (1942-) He
has worked in astronomy and studied black holes in
space. He has shown that black holes do not
only absorb everything around them but, from time
to
time, throw out matter as well. This may
mark the beginning of new galaxies. This is an
advance
on the old theory which said that
black holes “eat” everything they come across.
COMPREHENDING
?Answer key for Exercise 1:
1 An outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854.
2 John Snow began to test two theories.
3
John Snow investigated two streets where the
outbreak was very severe.
4 John Snow marked
the deaths on a map.
5 He found that most of
the deaths were near a water pump.
6 He had
the handle removed from the water pump.
7 He
announced that the water carried the disease.
8 King Cholera was defeated.
?Answer key
for Exercise 2:
1 John Snow finally proved his
idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly
related to
cholera, collected information and
was able to tie cases outside the area to the
polluted water.
2 No. The map helped John Snow
organize his ideas. He was able to identify those
households
that had had many deaths and check
their water-drinking habits. He identified those
houses that
had had no deaths and surveyed
their drinking habits. The evidence clearly
pointed to the polluted
water being the cause.
3 Three diseases, which are similar today, are
SARS, AIDS and bird flu, because they are serious,
have an unknown cause and need public health
care to solve them.
?Sample summary for
Exercise 3:
John Snow wanted to find the cause
of cholera. He believed that people became ill
after eating
infected food. He used the next
outbreak of cholera to test his idea. He studied a
small area of
houses which got their water
from the same pump. Many people in the area died.
John Snow
showed that this was because the
water in the pump was infected. He showed that
cholera could be
defeated if people drank
clean water.
LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE
Discovering useful words and
expressions
?Suggested answers to Exercise 1:
1 victim 2 physician 3 analyse
4
defeat 5 challenge 6 enquiry
7 pump 8
blame 9 absorb
10 link...to
?Answer key
for Exercise 2:
1 severe 2 suspected 3
exposed
4 experts 5 cure 6 foresaw
7
concluded 8 announced 9 attended
?Answer key
for Exercise 3:
make a suggestion make a
decision
make a plan make a contribution
make a speech make a noise
make a
change make a description
make an
investigation
?Some possible examples for
Exercise 4:
1 The teacher asked us not to make
faces in class.
2 I tried to make friends with
my neighbour but he was too old and did not want
to talk to me.
3 The best way to make money is
to study hard and gain good qualifications.
4
I didn’t like them to collect me in their car so I
made my way to the restaurant on foot by
myself.
5 I’m too tired to make dinner, so
I decide to eat out.
6 Before you pay for that
new car make sure it has a guarantee, which will
protect you against any
problems during the
first year.
7 Don’t make up your mind about
buying that house till you have seen a few more.
8 When you leave your flat in the morning, it
looks tidier if you make the bed before you go.
9 I have tried to make room for her on that
course but there are just too many people already
attending it.
Discovering useful
structures
?Some possible answers for Exercise
1:
1 ...when he thought about helping ordinary
people exposed to cholera.(attribute)
2 He
immediately told the astonished people in Broad
Street to remove the handle from the
pump.(attribute)
3 He became interested in
two theories.(pre-
dicative)
4 Neither its
cause, nor its cure was under-
stood.(predicative)
? Answer key for
Exercise 2:
Past Participle as the Attribute
(1) Past Participle as the Attribute (2)
1 terrified people 1 people terrified of
(cholera)
2 reserved seats 2 seats reserved
by...
3 polluted water 3 water polluted by...
4 a crowded room 4 a room crowded
with...
5 a pleased winner 5 a winner pleased
with...
6 astonished children 6 children
astonished atby...
7 a broken vase 7 a vase
broken by...
8 a closed door 8 a door closed
by...
9 the tired audience 9 the audience
tired of...
10 a trapped animal 10 an animal
trapped inby...
?Answer key for Exercise
3:
1 blamedupset 2 tired
3 disappointed 4
shockeddepressed
5 excited 6 infected
USING LANGUAGE
LISTENING TEXT
A GREAT
CHINESE SCIENTIST
Father of the Chinese space
programme
Yu Ping (YP) is talking to her
friend Steve Smith (SS) about Qian Xuesen and his
work as a rocket
scientist.
Part 1
YP:
What do you want to be when you grow up, Steve?
SS:I want to be an astronomer and visits
stars. I wish to visit Mars one day.
YP:I
think I’d like to work in the space industry too.
I’d like to be a rocket scientist like Qian
Xuesen.
SS:What did he have to do to
become a rocket scientist?
YP:Well, he first
studied at university to be an engineer. Later he
went to America to study for his
doctor’s
degree. It was then he began to work on rockets.
SS:So it was lucky for our space programme
that he came back to China.
YP:Very much so.
There was no work on space rockets in China before
he began his institute to
design and build
rockets to go into space.
Part 2
SS:Do you
think he wanted to travel into space in one of his
rockets?
YP:I have no idea but I believe he
looked forward to the first space flight by a
Chinese astronaut.
SS:Yes. Now that China has
sent satellites into space. I hope we’ll be the
first to land on Mars.
That would really be
something special and if I were that astronaut I
would put Qian Xuesen’s
picture on Mars to
show how much we admire his work.
YP:Indeed.
He is rightfully called the father of the Chinese
space programme. He is my hero and
he is why I
want to be a rocket scientist.
SS:Well, we’d
better get on with our homework. We need good
grades to get into university.
YP:Right you
are. See you, then.
SS:See you.
?Answer
key for Exercise 1:
Students will give their
own answers.
?Answer key for Exercise 2:
Main Idea: It is about the role of Qian Xuesen
in the development of space technology in China.
?Answer key for Exercise 3:
1 Qian
Xuesen first studied to be an engineer.
2 In
America he began to work on space rockets so that
he was able to develop a space programme
when
he came back to China.
3 When Qian Xuesen
returned to China he set up a space institute to
begin training people in how
to design and
build rockets.
?Answer key for Exercise 4:
China’s achievement-
sin space
Steve
Smith’s ambi-
tions
1 Chinese astronauts
in space
2 Chinese satellites in space 1
become a rocket scientist
2 be the first to
land on Mars and put Qian Xuesen’s picture there
?Answer key for Exercise 3:
Students give
their own answers.
Students can show that they
understand what is involved by making a realistic
dialogue of their
own.
Sample
conversation:
MIKE: What do you want to do
when you grow up?
LI RU:I want to build
robots. I will have to do a physics and
mathematics degree in China. After
that I hope
to go abroad to Reading University in England
where you can study all about robots.
There is
a special cybernetics department there.
MIKE:What personality will be needed for that
job?
LI RU:I think I need to be patient for my
ideas which will take a long time to develop. I
also need
to be creative enough to have good
ideas.
MIKE:What experience will be most
useful to you?
LI RU:I think technology and
engineering projects. I hope to work in a factory
in my holidays.
MIKE:What kind of person makes
a good inventor?
LI RU:I think someone who is
happy to persevere at something and learns from
his mistakes.
MIKE:Thank you. I think
designing robots sounds fun.
Reading and
writing
?Answer key for Exercise 1:
Before
Showing
Copernicus’ theory Copernicus’ theory
A diagram showing the solar system with the
earth at its centre A diagram showing the solar
system with the sun at its centre
?Answer
key for Exercise 2:
Students give their own
answers.
Sample writing:
Dear Nicolaus
Copernicus,
I am a student studying astronomy
and I would very much like to read your new theory
about the
solar system. I hope you will
publish it for several reasons.
I understand
the problems with the present theory. The way the
planets move is not what you
would
expect if the earth was the centre of the
universe. It is also odd that the brightness of
some
stars seems to change. So I agree with
you that we need a new theory.
I know your
observations have been very carefully carried out
over many years. Now you must
have the courage
to publish them. Science can never advance unless
people have the courage of
their beliefs. I
know you worry about what will happen if you
publish your new theory. No matter
how people
oppose it, time will show whether your ideas are
right or wrong.
So I hope you will feel you
can publish your new theory.
Yours sincerely,
(your name)
Unit 2
WARMING UP
?Answers:
1 C 2 B (direct flight) 3 B
4 A 5 B
Question 1: The United Kingdom
consists of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern
Ireland.
More about this appears in the first
reading passage.
Question 2: It takes ten
hours to fly from Beijing to London Heathrow
Airport if you take a direct
flight.
Question 3: It may appear to an outsider that
the Queen has an important role in ruling the
country.
However, this is not so. Her position
is ceremonial: opening Parliament, welcoming Heads
from
other countries, going on tours to other
countries to encourage trade with Britain, etc.
The Prime
Minister together with his most
important ministers (called the Cabinet) and his
Members of
Parliament (each from a different
part of the country) make the important political
decisions and
the laws.
Question 4: The
counties of Britain are much smaller than
provinces in China. They have local
government
powers for their area. Counties have several
Members of Parliament depending on the
size of
their population. Large towns such as Reading have
two MPs and the largest city in
England
outside London, which is Birming-
ham, has ten
MPs.
Question 5: The Rivers Thames and Severn
are very similar in length but the River Thames is
slightly longer. The River Thames is 338 km
and the River Severn is 290 km. The River Avon is
much shorter.
COMPREHENDING
? Answer
key for Exercise 1:
1 England, Wales and
Scotland
2 England and Wales
3 England,
Wales, Scotland and Northern
Ireland
4
Republic of Southern Ireland
5 EnglandGreat
Britainthe UK
?Answer key for Exercise 2:
1 The country left out is Wales. It is usually
assumed to be part of England.
2 England,
Scotland and Wales.
3 The Vikings did not
influence London.
? Answer key for
Exercise 3:
North: Leeds, York, Sheffield,
Manchester
Midlands: Coventry, Birmingham
South: Reading, London, Brighton,
Plymouth
?Answer key for Exercise 4:
Para 1, 2&3: what England includes; about
Great Britain; the UK.
Para 4:the geographical
division of England into zones; their similarities
and differences.
Para 5&6:the cultural
importance of London.
Possible summary: The
writer examines how the UK developed as an
administrative unit. It shows
how England is
also divided into three zones. It explains why
London became the cultural capital
of England.
LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE
Discovering
useful words and expressions
?Answer key for
Exercise 1:
1 unwilling 2 countryside
3
conveniences 4 clarify
5 constructing 6
Kingdom
7 administration 8 accomplish
9
enjoyable
? Suggested answers to Exercise 2:
1 currency 2 The Union Jack
3 United;
consist of
4 broke away 5 institutions
6
conflicts 7 provinces
? Answer key for
Exercise 3:
1 asked 2 whispered 3 screamed
4 begged 5 agreed 6 answered
7 shouted
8 complained 9 suggested
Discovering useful
structures
? Answer key for Exercise 1:
1
...to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland
connected in the same peaceful way.
2 You find
most of the population settled in the south, ...
3 It has the oldest port built by the
Romans...
?Suggested answers to Exercise 2:
1 have got the house mended
2 Have you had
your hair cut?
3 have the dictionary delivered
4 haven’t had the film developed
6 found
it closed
6 get it repaired
7 got all
their money stolen
8 have it divided
9 had
some of his points clarified
10 hadgot
some flowers sent; had it announced; had it
organized
?Answer key for Exercise 3:
Answers will vary.
USING
LANGUAGE
Reading
?Suggested answers:
Day 1 Comments Day 2 Day 3
1 Tower of
London
2 St Paul’s Cathedral
3 Westminster
Abbey
4 Big Ben 1 delight, fancy
2
splendid and interesting
3 interesting, full
of statues of poets and writers
4 famous and
very loud 1 Greenwich with ships
2 clock (GMT)
3 longitude line 1 Karl Marx’s statue
“strange he lived and died in London”
2
British Museum
“thrilled to see Chinese
pottery”
Listening
LISTENING TEXT
CAN A ROYAL PALACE ALSO BE A PRISON?
Zhang
Pingyu (ZP) is trying to find out more about the
history of the Tower of London from a
guide
(G).
Part 1
G:The Tower was the home of
the King but also a prison. Many important people
were kept there.
ZP:I beg your pardon? Can you
speak more slowly, please?
G:Of course. Have
you heard of “The Princes in the Tower”?
ZP:No, I’m afraid not.
G:These two princes
were brothers, called Edward and Richard and they
lived six hundred years
ago. They came to
London, for the older boy to become Edward Ⅴ,
after his father, King Edward
Ⅳ, died.
ZP:I see. How old was he?
G:He was only
thirteen years old. His cruel uncle, also called
Richard, was supposed to look after
them both,
but instead he had them killed while they were
asleep.
ZP:What do you mean? He killed them
himself?
G:No. He sent his men to kill them
because he wanted to become King Richard Ⅲ. There
is a
story that on a dark night you can
sometimes hear those princes crying.
ZP:You
can hear them crying? Really? I thought you said
they were killed many years ago.
G:Yes, but
it’s only a story!
Part 2
ZP:Who
else came to the Tower as a prisoner?
G:A
future queen. In the 1550s Queen Mary sent her
sister, Princess Elizabeth, to the Tower as a
prisoner.
ZP:Strange! Why did she do that?
G:She thought Elizabeth was a traitor. So she
sent Elizabeth through a special gate called
“Traitors’ Gate”. That only happen-
ed to
very bad people.
ZP:I’m sorry I don’t
understand. How did Elizabeth become Queen if she
was a prisoner?
G:Easy. Her brother and sister
both died without children so Elizabeth became
Queen Elizabeth Ⅰ.
She tried not to be unfair
to others when she was queen.
ZP:I’m glad to
hear that.
? Answer key for Exercise 1:
1
Elizabeth later Queen Elizabeth Ⅰ.
2 King
Henry Ⅷ.
3 Richard Ⅲ.
4 Edward Ⅴ and
Richard.
? Answer key for Exercise 2:
Ticks for brothers Edward Ⅴ and Richard (sons
of King Edward Ⅳ); King Edward Ⅳ;
Richard
(later King Richard Ⅲ); Queen Mary; Elizabeth
(later Queen Elizabeth Ⅰ);
? Answer key for
Exercise 3:
1 Prince Edward (later Edward Ⅴ)
was one of the princes murdered in the Tower. We
know
because:
? both were princes
?
both were young boys
? their uncle was Richard
who later became King Richard Ⅲ.
2 King
Richard Ⅲ killed the princes because he wanted to
become king.
? Answer key for Exercise 4:
came, future, Mary, Princess, Tower, Strange,
thought, through, Traitors’, happened
Speaking
and writing
Sample dialogue:
S1: Excuse
me. Are you a guide?
S2:Yes, I am. Can I help
you?
S1:Can I ask you a question about the
Temple of Heaven?
S2:Of course. What do you
want to know?
S1:What’s this Temple for?
S2:The Emperor came to pray for good crops and
a good harvest for the country. He made
offerings to the God and asked him for help.
S1:Please can you speak more slowly? I’m
afraid I can’t follow you.
S2:I’m sorry. I’ll
speak more slowly. This is the Hall where the
Emperor made his sacrifices to the
Gods. You
may not go in but just look through the door.
S1:What did you mean by making sacrifices?
S2:He killed many animals after making
prayers. He was also dressed in special clothes.
S1:I beg your pardon? Special clothes! I
thought his clothes were always special! What were
they?
S2:They were clothes kept just for this
occasion. He changed in a special yellow room and
came
out to go to pray to the Gods.
S1:I see. When did this stop?
S2:When the
Emperors stopped ruling China.
S1:Thank you.
You have been most helpful.
Unit 3
WARMING UP
? Suggested answers:
Present time In One Thousand Year’s Time
Transport Airplanes; cars; bicycles No longer
by air because of environmental pollution;
bicycles
and horses will make a comeback.
Work Office; factory; construction; landscape;
service At home using advanced, interactive
computers; meetings can be conducted on the
computer and people will see each other speak.
Finance and currency Banks; offices;
insurance; business One global currency—maybe the
yuan as China will be the largest global
exporter
Languages English; Russian; Chinese
One global language—perhaps Chinese or still
English
Environment Air: could be improved
in cities Very poor; need to recycle all waste;
control on
the use of cars; no airplanes;
methods to improve poor air quality. Climate of
the earth being very
hot is making problems
over water resources.
Education Nursery;
schools; university Longer than now possibly until
25 years of age so
that students can learn all
the new technologies
Houses Flats; houses;
concrete; wood Built into the ground as the
surface of the earth is so hot.
Communica-tion
Post office; InternetBy thoughtpad, telephone,
computer, mobiles, Morse code,
etc.
COMPREHENDING
? Answer key for
Exercise 1:
1 Li Qiang went into the future
because he had won a prize that gave him a tour.
2 He felt rather anxious when he left his own
time but soon got it over.
3 He went by time
capsule.
4 The first thing he noticed was the
poor quality of the air and it gave him a
headache.
5 He found several things that were
different:
? a mask to give him enough oxygen
? a hovering carriage
? having a “time
lag” experience
? a strange-looking house that
belonged to Wang Ping’s parents
? trees that
acted as walls and provided oxygen for the room
? tables, chairs and a bed that were stored
under the floor
? Answer key for Exercise 2:
Good changes Bad changes
Time travel can
travel to different times as you wish After-
effects of travel
Transport can move swiftly
disorganized; difficult to find way
Houses save living space short of space
Towns busy; look like markets easy to get lost
Air quality own family oxygen supply poor
quality in public places
? Answer key for
Exercise 3:
Students give their own opinions
in the class discussion.
? Answer key for
Exercise 4:
Paragraph
1 main idea: How I
came to take a time travel journey
details: my
prize; my excitement
2 main idea: The journey
details: how I felt; the spaceship; the
journey
3 main idea: My impressions of life
one thousand years into the future
details:
little oxygen; masks to provide oxygen; hovering
carriage; how to drive them; a “time lag”
moment
4 main idea: Staying in Wang Ping’s
home
details: appearance of house; trees as
walls; where furniture stored; ate meal; prepared
for sleep
LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE
?Answer
key for Exercise 1:
?Suggested answers
to Exercise 2:
1 search for 2 take up
3
slide into 4 sweep up
5 press down
1
search for 2 swept up
3 pressed down 4
sweep up
5 took up 6 slid... into
?Answer key for Exercise 3:
opportunities;
constantly; stewardesses; previous; adjustment;
tolerate; take up; lose sight of; link;
bent
Discovering useful structures
?Answer key
for Exercise 1:
1 Well-known for their
expertise, his parent’s
company...
2 Hit
by a lack...
3 Exhausted, I slid into bed...
?Answer key for Exercise 2:
1 Frightened
by the loud noise, I went to see what was
happening.
2 Hit by the lack of fresh air, he
got a bad headache.
3 Tired after the long
journey, I still enjoyed meeting the aliens on the
space station.
4 Frightened by the noise
outside, Sue dared not sleep in her bedroom.
5
Built in 1910, the museum is almost 100 years old.
6 Given some advice by the famous scientist,
the student was not worried about his scientific
experiment any more.
7 Exhausted by a
day’s work, George took some tablets to help him
feel better.
8 Very astonished by the
amount of work in the new timetable(given by her
boss), Lucy decided to
leave her job
immediately.
?Answer key for Exercise 3:
1
Soon we lost sight of that famous astronomer
called Li Qiang.
2 I am going to buy a
painting copied from Vincent van Gogh.
3 I
like that old private house built of wood and mud.
4 The room connected to the rest of the house
by a long passage is completely empty.
5 The
queen was sitting in a royal carriage drawn by
four horses.
6 The vehicle mentioned in the
book is unknown to me.
7 Tha castle built in
1432 is under repair.
USING LANGUAGE
?Suggested answers to Exercise 1:
Modern Inventions of the 31st Century
Only
to be seen on the Space Station
Communication
Waste Disposal Manufacturing
Invention
thoughtpad a waste machine manufacturing robots
advantages 1 efficient
2 environmentally
friendly 1 disposes of all waste
2 turns them
into three grades of useful ma-
terial 1 no
waste
2 no pollution
3 no environmental
damage
disadvantages thoughts must be clear or
messages may be mixed up None people must live
on a space station to moni-
tor the robots
Come and see how they work today!
?Sample dialogue for Exercise 2:
S1: We’d
really like to live and work in a space station in
the 31st century. Of course there’d be a
lot
of work, but we’d really enjoy the leisure time we
would have.
S2: And the large number of robots
that we could use to fill our spare time with!
S1: Yes indeed! We both enjoy working with
robots and find them lots of fun. We would train
them to play football so that we could each
have our own team and hold competitions.
S2:
Once we’d got two football teams we’d begin
training the robots for a triathlon or three-skill
competition. There would be running, swimming
and finally a football match. That’d be fun too.
S1: Robots are never tired so we’d train them
to cook our favourite dishes and do all the
housework throughout the spaceship.
S2:
When we get fed-up with competitions we’d arrange
for the robots to design us a beach area
where
we can sun-bathe and relax. I don’t think life
could be better!
S1: Nor do I!
LISTENING
TEXT
CAN PEOPLE REALLY LIVE ON MARS
LI Qiang(LQ) is interviewing Walker
Hiller(WH) on the space station about his idea for
building a
new town called “Wonderworld” on
Mars.
LQ: Well, Mr Hiller Why did you think of
building a new town on Mars?
WH: It sounds
astonishing, doesn’t it? I imagine that it’ll be
difficult and the atmosphere, gravity,
and
climate will have to be just like the earth or
nobody will travel there.
LQ: Can you imagine
how that’ll be achieved?
WH: Yes, I think so.
The atmosphere’s too hot and has no oxygen. So
people couldn’t breathe
Mars’ air and live.
We’ll make a covered area for people to live in
with a special air supply.
LQ: Is it likely
you can find and use water to keep the climate
similar to that on the earth?
WH: Perhaps. We
hope there’s water under the planet’s surface.
People will have to collect all the
used water
so it can be cleaned and recycled as rain. Then it
can be used again to water plants and
crops
and provide clean drinking water.
LQ: Yes. I
suppose everyone will have to put their dirty
water in special tanks. Even animals will
have
to be trained to go to the toilet in special
places.
WH: Yes, I suppose so.
LQ: So is
it likely that bacteria will clean the water?
WH: Well, that’s a possibility.
LQ: I
wonder if the houses can be made strong enough
against the gravity on Mars?
WH: Yes, they
can. The robots will provide special building
material.
LQ: Still life sounds quite
uncomfortable. So what’s the advantage of going to
live on Mars?
WH: There will be opportunities
for scien-
tific work and to look for gold or
other metals. So people may become rich or famous.
LQ: How healthy will the people be, I wonder?
?Answer key for Exercise 1:
Ticks for:
living on another planet, atmos-
phere and
gravity, how to get water on Mars, houses in a
town on Mars
?Suggested answers to Exercise 2:
1 “Wonderworld” will provide a covered area
for people to live in with a special air supply.
2 “Wonderworld” will make sure there is enough
water by collecting some from under the planet’s
surface. After use, this water will be cleaned
and recycled so that it can be used as rain to
water
drops and provide clean drinking water.
Everyone will put their dirty water in special
tanks and
animals will have to go to the
toilet in special places. Bacteria will clean this
dirty water so it can
be used again.
3
People may become rich or famous.
4 I think
the people will be quite healthy as they have a
satisfactory climate, enough water and
sufficient accommodation to live comfortably.
Speaking and writing
Sample dialogue:
S1: What problems do you think our home-
town will have one thousand years in the
future?
S2: Is it possible life will be better
than it is now?
S1: Yes, of course. Probably
everyone will be more comfortable. They’ll be
provided
technological improvements and the
robots.
S2: Oh I see. Is it possible that
people will have solved the problems of
today—global warming,
air and water
pollution, etc?
S1: Most likely they will. For
example, dirty air. It would be easy to solve
that. All you would
need to do is build a
cover over the city. All the air inside would be
kept clean.
S2: That sounds fine but is it
likely the temperature will be too hot for us to
live on the earth?
S1: Maybe, but I’m sure
someone will have invented clothes with cooling
systems fitted into them.
Perhaps everyone
will have a machine which pushes water round the
body and keeps you cool.
S2: Wow! Can you
imagine what life will be like when the energy
runs out?
S1: Oh, that will be solved by using
the energy from the ’t worry. I’m sure we’d enjoy
a
visit if we could ever visit the future! And
now we’ve had our four questions. Let’s find
another
pair to discuss their questions.
Sample writing:
The benefits and problems
of living
one thousand years in the future
I think there will be more benefits than
problems living in the future. Of course things
will be
different and there may be many
problems.
If there is dirty air we will solve
that by placing a cover over our hometown. That
way we can
clean the air as it enters the
town, and keep out all the dust and dirt.
If
it is too hot people will be provided with suits
fitted with cooling systems. That way they will
keep cool all the time.
As for the problem
of the energy running out that we face today. That
will be solved by using the
energy from the
sun to run all the electrical plants as well as
cars. Luckily it will be endless clean
energy!
So we think that life in the future will be
much better than it is now.
Unit 4
COMPREHENDING
?Answer key for Exercise 1:
Questions about Zhou Yang’s notes
The
skills needed 1 be able to tell if
Someone is
telling the truth
2 be accurate
3 do
research
4 ask questions
The importance of
listening 1 get the detailed acts
2 prepare
the next question
Stages in researching a
story 1 ask questions
2 note reactions
3
check facts
4 do research
How to check
facts use research and ask witnesses
How to
deal with ac-
cusations of printing lies use a
tape recorder for the interview
?Answer
key for Exercise 2:
A reporter’s duties are:
1 to work in a team
2 to get an
accurate story
3 to protect a story from
accusations
?Answer key for Exercise 3:
Adjectives to describe a journalist Adjectives
to describe a photographer
patient,well-
organized, thorough, curious, care-
ful,
concise, profess-
sionnal, polite creative,
imaginative, technically good, gifted,
professional, well-organized, patient
(The
words underlined mean that they are appropriate
for both a reporter and photo-
grapher.)
A
journalist needs to be thorough, curious, careful
and concise but a photographer needs to be
creative, imaginative, techni-
cally good
and gifted. They both need to be professional,
well-organized and patient. I think I
would
make a good photographer because I am creative and
I enjoy being technically good at
things.
LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE
Discovering useful
words and expressions
?Answer key for Exercise
1:
Idiomatic Expressions Meaning
cover a
story to report on an impor-
tant event
trick of the trade clever ways known to
experts
get the facts straight to present
ideas fairly
get the wrong end of the stick
not to understand an idea
this is how the
story goes this is the story
get a scoop to
get the story first
?Answer key for
Exercise 2:
1 deliberately 2 guilty
3
concentrate on 4 professional
5 eager 6
thorough
7 accuse...of 8 acquire
?Answer
key for Exercise 3:
assistant, photographer,
delighted, assist, editor, deadline, colleague,
amateur, sub-
mitted, published, dilemma,
assessed, un-
usual, meanwhile, sceptical
Discovering useful structures
?Answer key
for Exercise 1:
1 Never will Zhou Yang forget
his first assignment at the office of a popular
English newspaper.
2 Not only am I interested
in photography, but I took an amateur course at
university to update my
skills.
3 Only if
you ask many different questions will you acquire
all the information you need to know.
?Answer
key for Exercise 2:
1 Neither he nor I knew
how to use that recorder.
2 I only
began my work on designing a new bridge then.
3 There was not only a Christmas tree but also
exciting presents under it.
4 Hu Xin asked the
photographer, “Is everything ready yet?”
?
Answer key for Exercise 3:
1 Only at a stadium
in Beijing will you see so many seats.
2
Seldom have I seen a situation which made me so
angry.
3 Only after you have acquired the
information you need will you be able to write a
good report.
4 Never has he given a present to
me though he gave a lot (of presents) to his
friends.
5 Not only is she good at languages,
but also at history and geography.
6 Never
before have I read such an exciting report.
7
Not once did she miss a jump when she took part in
the horse riding competition.
? Suggested
answers to Exercise 4:
1 Only after my
operation did my neighbours come round to offer me
support.
2 Not once did you come to say you
were sorry after breaking my vase.
3 Seldom
have I been so happy as when my son graduated from
university.
4 Only by doing her exercises
every day could Jane hope to run professionally
again.
5 Only in a film can people get hit and
never seem to feel the pain.
6 Not only did
Zhou Jie receive an admission notice to Beijing
University, but he also won a
scholarship to
study in America.
7 Only then did she remember
what her aunt told her.
?Suggested answers to
Exercise 5:
There came a loud series of knocks
on the door. So I opened it. In the doorway stood
a small boy
and his father. In front of them
was a broken bicycle lying on the ground. “Here’s
my son’s bike,”
explained the man. “Out in
your yard was a large dog lying in the sun. Up he
got when he saw my
son riding down the path.
There was a loud bang when he hit my son who was
riding slowly by.
Here is the result. A broken
bike and my son who banged his head.” There was
nothing I could say.
I gave him money to pay
for a new bike and promised to tie up my dog in
future.
USING LANGUAGE
Reading, speaking
and writing
?Answer key for Exercise 1:
1 You go to an inter-
view to get
the information for your story. 2 You do some res-
earch to see if the story is true or not. 3
You begin to write the story using the notes from
the
inter-
view. 4 You give the article to
a senior editor to check and a copy-
editor to
do editing.
8 The first edition of the
newspaper is printed. 7 All the stories and photos
are set and the
colour negatives for the
printing are made ready. 6 The article is check-
ed approved by the chief editor. 5 The
article is given to a native speaker to check the
use of
Eng-
lish and improve the style.
?Suggested answers to
Exercise 2:
1 He took money but act badly in a
film.
2 He lied about getting drunk at a
restaurant.
3 He stole something from a shop
and lied about it.
4 He said some rude remarks
about his ex-girlfriend to a journalist.
Sample discussion:
S1: Let’s think about
what this person might have done?
S2: I know!
Perhaps he was a film star and stole from a shop.
But then he pretended he
hadn’t.
S3:
That’s a good idea. What do you think he would
steal?
S4: Perhaps a gold necklace for his
wife.
S2: But how could he pretend he had not
done that if someone saw him?
S1: He could
pretend it was not him but somebody else they saw.
S3: But when Li Ming checked his alibi he
found the man was lying. Good—a great scoop.
S1: Right. So what should our heading be?
S4: Can it be “A film star caught
unexpectedly?”
S3: Yes and the sub-heading
could be “Did he need the money?”
S2: So let’s
begin. Let’s write our ideas down first and then
we will be ready to do the article.
Sample
article:
A Film Star Caught Unexpectedly
Did he need the money?
There has been a
strange happening in a downtown shopping area. It
has been said that a famous
film star, Wang
Ping, was caught stealing a gold necklace
yesterday. He went into a shop and
when the
jeweler turned his back Wang Ping took the
necklace and ran out of the shop. The
shopkeeper shouted and a crowd of people
gathered. The police went to Wang Ping’s home and
questioned him. He denied he had stolen the
necklace and told them he had enough money to buy
the necklace anyway. He said he had been at a
restaurant with his wife. But a reporter, Li Ming,
found this was untrue. So the police are
treating this case seriously.
Listening and
speaking
LISTENING TEXT
CAN I HELP YOU?
Zhou Yang (ZY) is hoping to interview Liu
Ming, a famous tennis player, about his decision
to
work abroad. So he calls Liu Ming’s
assistant, Lily Wong (LM), to make an appointment.
Part 1
(Telephone ringing)
LW: Hello.
This is Lily Wong, Liu Ming’s assistant. Can I
help you?
ZY: Hello. I’d like to speak to Liu
Ming please.
LM: I’m sorry but he’s busy now.
Who’s speaking?
ZY: This is Zhou Yang from
China Daily. I’d like to interview Liu Ming about
his decision to play
professional tennis
abroad.
LW: It’ll be difficult. You know that
he’s leaving Beijing at the end of this week.
ZY: Well, I’m free tomorrow afternoon and all
of Wednesday.
LW: OK. Now, let me see...Liu
Ming’s going to see his family tomorrow and then
talk to some
students on Wednesday
morning. Then at four o’clock he’ll go to a
special party given by the
leaders of our
city. What about meeting his in the early
afternoon?
ZY: How about over lunch? Our
readers will be very interested in his views.
LW: Hmm... I know that he’s very happy about
going abroad and hopes to return to China in a few
years. Then he wants to improve Chinese
tennis.
Part 2
ZY: Many of his fans will
be sorry not to see him play in person. Watching
him on TV is not quite
the same.
LW: Yes,
I understand, but he needs to develop his skills.
On TV you can still enjoy his play.
ZY: What
if he never comes home? We’ll have lost a great
sportsman.
LW: I don’t think that he’ll stay
abroad. He says that he has no intention of doing
that.
ZY: I’m glad to hear that. But what if
he gets a wonderful offer to stay?
LW: I think
you’ll have to discuss that with him yourself.
ZY: So will 12 o’clock be OK? Where would be
the best place to meet?
LW: Why not meet at
the Garden Hotel at 12 o’clock. I’ll put it in his
diary for Wednesday so he’s
sure to come.
ZY: Thank you so much. Goodbye.
LW:
Goodbye.
?Suggested answer to Exercise 1:
This is an open-ended exercise so any rea-
sonable answers are acceptable.
They may
include:
?he is too busy
?he doesn’t want
to be interviewed for a newspaper
?he is away
?he will be away
Teaching suggestions:
1 Allow the pairs a few minutes to discuss the
difficulties they foresee. Go round the room to
make sure that they are all talking in
English.
2 Before listening to the tape for
the first time ask some of the students for their
ideas.
3 Make a list of three or four of the
most likely on the board. Then listen to the tape
for the first
time and see if any of the ideas
are included.
?Answer key for Exercise 2:
The correct answer is summary B.
Summary A
is not correct because it only tells half of the
story and does not mention his worry
and
concern which is the centre of the story.
Summary C is not correct at all.
?Answer
key for Exercise 3:
1 He wants to interview
him about his decision to go abroad to work.
2
He plans to leave Beijing at the end of this week.
3 He’s going to talk to some students in the
morning; at four he’ll go to a special party.
4 Lily Wong suggests they meet at 12 o’clock.
?Suggested answers to Exercise 4:
Fans’
ideas about Liu Ming going abroad Liu Ming’s ideas
about going abroad
sorry not to see him
play in the flesh to learn more about tennis
watching him play on TV is not the same to
develop his skills
afraid he may not come home
again to intend to come back to China
Sample
dialogue for Exercise 5:
S1: Hello. I’d like
to speak to Li Feizhou. I’m the photographer
ringing him to make an
appointment for some
photographs for Cool Scene magazine. Is it
possible to meet him tomorrow?
S2: Hello.
Perhaps I can help. I’m Li Feizhou’s secretary.
I’m afraid he can only meet you
tomorrow
afternoon as he has a haircut in the morning. Is
that OK?
S1: Oh dear. I was hoping he would be
free in the morning as I have another appointment
then. It
should only take two hours. Maybe we
could meet before or after his appointment?
S2: Yes. That might be possible. But he’s busy
between 9:00 and 10:30 and then between 11:30
and 1:00 but he might be free for an hour
between 10:30 and 11:30.
S1: I don’t think
that’s long enough. Could he change his other
appointment to another day?
S2: I don’t think
so.
S1: Then could he be free at 10:00? We
could do the photographs and I would still be on
time for
my next appointment.
S2: That
sounds possible. I’ll ask him. What would he need
to wear?
S1: Some comfortable clothes would be
best.
S2: Fine. I’ll talk to him and call you
again very soon. Where would it be best to meet?
S1: At the studio if that is OK with you.
Thank you very much.
S2: My pleasure.
Unit
5
COMPREHENDING
?Answer key for Exercise
1:
3 the three types of burns
5 what to do
if someone gets burnt
1 the functions of skin
4 the symptoms of burns
2 how we get burns
?Answer key for Exercise 2:
A second
degree burn B first degree burn
C third
degree burn
?Answer key for Exercise 3:
1
Because the cold water stops the burning process,
stops the pain and reduces the swelling.
2
Because in a third degree burn the nerves have
been damaged. If there are no nerves, there is no
pain.
3 Because bacteria from the clothes
and jewellery could infect the burns.
4
Because all the layers of the skin have been burnt
showing the tissue underneath.
?Answer key for
Exercise 4:
1 Wrong: Sam should not have
broken the blisters because the burns could become
infected. He
should have poured cool water,
not icy water on the burn. The correct treatment
for a second
degree burn like Sam’s is
described in No 2 of the exercise.
2 Right.
3 Wrong: Mr Casey was right to take his wife’s
blouse off but he should not have picked bits of
blouse off the burn. This is because if
you pull material that is stuck off a third degree
burn like
Mrs Casey’s, you would pull the
tissue under the material off too. This would
cause more damage
to the burn. He should not
have put butter on the burn because it would have
stopped the heat from
escaping and it might
also cause the burn to become infected. He should
not have put a wet
bandage on the burn. The
correct first aid treatment for a third degree
burn is to remove clothing
and jewellery near
the burn but not if the clothing is stuck to the
burn. Do not put cold water on
the burn. Place
clean, dry cloths over the damaged area. Get the
person to a hospital at once.
4 Right.
LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE
?Suggested answers
to Exercise1:
Verb Noun Adjective
injure
injury injured
swell swelling swollen
bleed bloodbleedingbloodybleeding
sprain
sprain sprained
poison poison poisonous
Vary variety various
organize organ
organic
choke choke choked
water water
watery
infect Infection infectedinfectious
?Answer key for Exercise 2:
1 first
aid; falls ill 2 skin; barrier; rays
3
complex; sense 4 tissue; liquid
5 vital 6
symptoms; swollen
?Answer key for Exercise 3:.
ankle; unbearable; temporary; cupboard;
squeezed out; over and over again; blisters;
scissors;
bandage; in place
Discovering
useful structures
?Answer key for Exercise 1:
1 Often the illness or injury is not serious,
but there are other times when (the illness or
injury is
serious and) giving first aid
quickly can save lives.
2 Burns are called
first (degree burns), second (degree burns) or
third degree burns,...
3 These affect both the
top (layer of the skin) and the second layer of
the skin.
?Answer key for Exercise 2:
The
difference between Sentence A and Sentence B:
There are lots of repeated words and phrases
in Sentence A.
Sentence B is better than
Sentence A because it doesn’t have unnecessary
repeti-
tion in it, and it is easier to
understand and it sounds much less awkward than
sentence A.
?Answer key for Exercise 3:
1
The burn she got from the iron was red and very
painful.
2 A boy was on the left side of the
sick woman, and a girl on the right.
3 She has
a daughter in hospital.
4 He went to
the doctor because he had to.
5 Did she pass
the first aid test she did yesterday or not?
6
She could not decide whether to send him to
hospital or not.
7 When your nose is bleeding,
bend forward so the blood runs out of your nose
and not down your
throat.
8 Only some of
the students have done a first aid course but most
haven’t.
?Answer key for Exercise 4:
1 The
temple which is surrounded by a wall belongs to
the local government.
2 The first book that I
read this term was more interesting than the
second book that I read this
term.
3 To
her teacher’s surprise, she did better in her
first aid exam than she was expected to do.
4
I don’t think they have returned from the
hospital, but they might have returned from the
hospital.
5 He wanted to help the accident
victim but his friend didn’t want to help the
accident victim.
6 You can borrow my first aid
notes if you want to borrow my first aid notes.
7 It sounds like a good idea.
8 Is there
anything I can do for you?
USING LANGUAGE
?Answer key for Exercise 1:
4 The attacker
ran away.
2 Anne was attacked and started to
scream.
6 John performed first aid on Anne.
1 John was studying in his house.
7 The
ambulance arrived.
3 John ran outside with his
father.
5 John found Anne in her garden with
terrible knife wounds.
?Answer key for
Exercise 2:
John dressed Anne’s injuries with
tea towels and applied pressure to the wounds to
slow the
bleeding.
?Answer key for
Exercise 3:
brave, heroic, courageous,
quickthinking, helpful, unselfish, fearless,
confident
?Answer key for Exercise 4:
Possible answers to Question 1:
John was
silly: he could have been attacked also, it was
none of his business, the woman might
have had
AIDS. John was brave: he could have been attacked
too, but he didn’t think about his
own safety.
All he thought about was how to help the victim.
Answers to Question 2 and 3 will vary.
Listening, speaking and writing
LISTENING
TEXT
A FIRST AID QUIZ
The first aid
teacher(T) is testing her students knowledge of
first aid. Listen to her question and
her
students’ answers.
T=teacher S=Sarah
P=Peter
R=Rachel J=Jim G=Gary
Part 1
T: We’ve looked at several
first aid treatments. Now let’t see just what you
can remember. OK.
Let’s say Lucy has a
nosebleed. What should she do...Sarah?
S: Sit
down and bend forward slightly. Squeeze her nose
just below the bridge until the bleeding
stops.
T: Why should she lean forward?
P: So she gets the blood all over the floor
instead of on her clothes.(everyone laughs)
T:
Very funny, Peter. Rachel?
R: So the blood
runs out of her nose and not down her throat. If
you swallow blood you might be
sick.(everyone
groans)
T: That’s right.
Part 2
T:OK,
next situation. What should you do if someone’s
clothes are on fire? Jim?
J: Stop him from
running around, as that makes clothes burn faster.
Tell him to drop to the floor
and cover him up
tightly
with some thick cloth.
T: And
then what?
J: Roll on the ground until the
fire goes out. Then treat him for burns.
T:
Good.
Part 3
T: OK, what about this one?
What if your friend got a piece of food caught in
his throat and he’s
choking? Gary?
G:
Nothing. But if he can’t cough, I’d bend him
forwards and give him four quick hard slaps
between his shoulder blades with my hand.
T: Yes, that should do the trick.
Part 4
T: Now Peter, what if Ben badly sprained his
ankle playing football?
P: I’d get him to sit
down and put some ice on his ankle to reduce the
swelling. Then I’d tell him
to put his foot up
on a chair. Then I’d bandage up his ankle tightly.
T: Great. Now let’s talk about snake bites.
What if a snake bites you?
P: Bite it
back!(everyone laughs)
T: Thank you,
Peter.(said with amused tolerance) Now the first
thing remember is...(fading out)
?Answer key
for Exercise 1:
nosebleed; clothes on fire;
choking; sprained ankle; snake bites
?Answer
key for Exercise 2:
4－2－1－3
?Suggested
answers to Exercise 3:
Part Situation
Treatment
1 a nosebleed 1 squeeze her nose
2 sit down and let her bend forward slightly
2 someone’s clothes on fire 1 stop him running
round
2 tell him to drop the ground and cover
him with a thick cloth
3 roll him on the
ground till the fire is out
4 treat him
for burns
3 choking 1 bend him forward
2
give him four quick hard slaps between his
shoulder blades
4 a sprained ankle 1 sit him
down
2 put ice on the ankle
3 put foot up
on a chair
4 bandage up his ankle tightly？
Sample writing for Exercise 4:
First aid
instructions:
1 the nosebleed:
Now listen
carefully and do what I say. Sit her down and make
sure that she is bending forward
slightly. Let
the blood run out of her nose and not down her
throat. Take care to squeeze her nose
just
below the bridge to stop the bleeding. Wait until
the bleeding stops.
2 someone’s clothes on
fire
Be sure to follow these instructions
carefully. Never let the person run around.
Tell him to drop to the floor. Then cover the
person with a thick blanket to put out the fire.
Watch
out that the flames do not start up
again. Finally roll him along the ground until the
fire goes out.
If the burns are serious, send
him to hospital as soon as possible.
3 choking
To help the person who is choking you may
follow these instructions. Try to make the person
cough. Make sure that he is bending forwards.
Then give him five quick, hard slaps between the
shoulder blades with your hand. If the choking
does not cease, take him to hospital immediately.
4 an ankle sprain
Be sure you listen
carefully. Sit the boy down. Don’t let him put his
weight on his injured ankle.
Tell him to put
his foot up on a chair. Make sure to put some ice
on his ankle to bring down the
swelling. Then
tie up the ankle with bandage tightly.