如何找对应句子

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2020年12月05日 02:39
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2020年12月5日发(作者:聂景华)


首先是根据出题顺序和行文顺序的一致性原则回到原文的大致位置,一般能
定位 到具体段落,如第N段。然后再根据题干关键词和(或)选项中的关键词找出
在文中的对应句子,比如第 N段第N句。这里的关键词定位具体来说有3种情况:
1,只要根据题干关键词或信息就可以在原文找到对应句子;
2,只要根据每个选项的关键词或信息在原文中找到与之一一对应的句子;
3,既要根据题干关键词或者信息定位,又要根据每个选项信息才能找到对应句子。
以上三种情况要注意区分对待,详细的在考研狂人的内部资料里的真题详解
中有列举。
什么是“关键词”呢?这个概念是为了便于大家找到对应句子而创设的,是
前人所创,我对它的理解就是 “关键词就是题干或者选项中的某个词或词组,它
具有和原文中某个词或词组意思一致、相近或相反的特 征,是可以帮助你回到原
文找到命题人隐藏答案的词或词组。”。(起的是一个向导的作用,所以我觉得
应该叫“向导词”更合适些!)这个关键词的寻找非常有价值,是你能否找对答
案的关键所在! (这里的关键词包括:大写字母、表数字的词,表示时间、地点、
人物的词等,有些题干和选项中的关键 词只能在原文中找到该关键词的同义词或
者反义词)。
下面以2004年TEXT 1 为例具体介绍找对应句子的方法:

Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across
CareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet. He searched it with no
success but was attracted by the site's
interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location,
title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted


in the database. Redmon chose the keywords legal, intellectual property,
and Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got his first notification of
an opening.
employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company.
With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding
promising openings can be time- consuming and inefficient. Search agents
reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. But although a search
agent worked for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks. Narrowing your
criteria, for example, may work against you:
question you eliminate a possibility.
For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept — what you
think you want to do — then broaden it. of these programs do that,
says another expert. no career counseling implicit in all of this.
Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service
to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail,
consider it a reminder to check the database again.
agents for finding everything that is added to a database that might
interest me,
Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. When
CareerSite's agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its
service, for example, it includes only three potential jobs — those it
considers the best matches. There may be more matches in the database; job
hunters will have to visit the site again to find them — and they do.


the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in our traffic,
says Seth Peets, vice president of marketing for CareerSite.
Even those who aren't hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile.
Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work
or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating
for a raise. Although happily employed, Redmon maintains his agent at
CareerBuilder.
personal search agent means having another set of eyes looking out for you.
41. How did Redmon find his job?(题干+选项)
[A] By searching openings in a job database.
[B] By posting a matching position in a database.
[C] By using a special service of a database.
[D] By E-mailing his resume to a database.
42. Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?(题
干)
[A] Lack of counseling.
[B] Limited number of visits.
[C] Lower efficiency.
[D] Fewer successful matches.
45. Which of the following is true according to the text?(选项)
[A] Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.
[B] Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands.
[C] Personal search agents are also helpful to those already employed.


[D] Some agents stop sending information to people once they are
employed.
找对应句子方法之一:既要根据题干关键词或者信息定位,又要根据每个选项
信息才能找到对应句子。
41,“Redmon是怎么找到工作的”。
(1) 行文顺序定位法则
本题是文章后的第一题,所以应该在文章靠前的段落寻找对应句子。可以大
胆的定位在前一二段。
(2) 关键词定位法则
此题同时需要“题干和选项”的关键词定位。
题干的关键词是“find job”,与之对应的可以在第一段句首找到它的同义
词“Hunting for a job”。这样以来我们就知道应该在 “Hunting for a job”
的前后找对应句子了。
再看各选项的对应句子,选项A的关键词是“job database”,根据它可以
对应的句子是He searched it(指代job database) with no success„„由此
可知Redmon并没有通过a job database取得成功(找到工作),所以错在“相
互矛盾”;选项B的关键词是“posting a matching position”,对应的句子是
when a matching position is posted in the database,可知matching posi tion
是被“别人”寄到资料库来的,不是Redmon,所以B错在“张冠李戴”了;选项
D的关键词是“E-mailing his resume”对应的句子是:who(Redmon) E-mailed
his resume to the employer „„,可知Redmon把简历寄给了雇主,不是资料
库(a database),所以D也错在“张冠李戴”;那么选项C为什么就是正确的
呢?


我们先来分析一下第一段句子间的关系:第一段共6句话,其中第三句是解释第
二句的。第二句 提到他被这个网址上的“个人搜索代
理”所吸引.第三句是解释说明的特征的。文章中对应
的说 明Redmon找到工作的句子是第五句Three weeks later, he got his first
notification of an opening。那他又是怎么找到工作的呢? 在这里就是一个很
明显的例子。我们把这些“插入语句”(第三句,也可以把第四句)删掉不看,
整个句群就变成了:He searched it with no success but was attracted by the
site's
notification of an opening.这样答案就非常明了了:他是通过search
agent找到工作的,而选项C用a special service of a database替代了原文
中的,所以是正确答案!

找对应句子方法之二:只要根据题干关键词或信息就可以在原文找到对应句子;

42,“search agents的不足之处”。
(1)行文顺序定位法则
这是第二题,第一题对应的句子在第一段了,那么第二题就应该从第二段开
始找了。
(2) 关键词定位法则
此题只需要题干关键词就能找到对应句子了。
题干的关键词是“disadvantage”,原文与之对应的句子是:career experts see
drawbacks。题干中的disadvantage替换了原文中的d rawbacks。具有“同义词”
特征。既然“career experts see drawb acks”,问题出现了,答案应该就在附


近!文章接着在第二段的末句写了“one expert”的观点,第三段的首句又补充
了“one expert”的观点,但都没有明确指出“不足”。接着又写到“another
expert”的观点:There's no career counseling implicit in all of this.这
就是在回答前面的题干对应句的问题。同样我们把干扰内容删掉后就变成But
although a search agent worked for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks.

counseling implicit in all of this.这样的话,答案就一目了然了!同样从
后面的转折词引导的句子Instead, the best strategy中的best和前面的转折
词Instead可以看出它前面的句子说的应 该就是“不足之处”,从而论证出上述
推理的正确。)
{当然你也可以问其他选项为什么错了 。问题对应的内容是从第二段开始的,首先
说了career-related sites的不足之处time-consuming and inefficient,所以
选项[C] Lower efficiency就不是“search agents”的不足之处了,“张冠李
戴”;,其中BD选项在文章里没有谈及,属于“无中生有”!
最通俗的解答方法是:第二段中间提到了career experts see drawbacks ,就是
说搜索代理并不如人意,但后面并没有具体说什么不足,直到第三段的开始才说,
但是第 三段第一句和第二段最后一句的意思差不多,阅读时可以略看,第三段的
第二句才谈到了要点:Ther e's no career counseling implicit in all of this.
所以选项[A] Lack of counseling是正确答案。}

找对应句子方法之三:只要根据每个选项的关键词或信息在原文中找到与之一一
对应的句子;


45,“根据原文哪个选项是正确的?”
(1)行文顺序定位法则
最后一题一般都对应文章最后的一两段文字。(实际解答过程中可以得知44
题已经对 应到了第四段,那么这一题应该就是在第五段找答案了。要注意的是文
章最后这种事实细节题,有时需要 从全文的角度找对应句子。如果真的需要从全
文范围来找句子的话,用主旨题的解答方法还有效些!)
(2)关键词定位法则
此题只需要选项关键词就能找到对应句子了。
通过对原文的理解,选项A、B是明显的“无中生有”。选项C关键词是“those
already employed”,与第五段的首句中的“who aren't hunting for jobs”是
同义词组,所以选项C对应的句子就是这一句:Even those who aren't hunting
for jobs may find search agents worthwhile.其中发生了字词替换, helpful=
worthwhile。所以是正 确的。选项D的关键词是“information”,由此可知对应
句子是Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of
work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when
negotiating for a raise.,原文第二句说“有些人利用搜索代理密切观察对 于
本行业的需求或搜集有关加薪的信息以备增薪谈判时胸有成竹”,可见搜索代理
还是和在职的 人员有联系的,而选项D的意思与之相矛盾了;所以错。从严格的
角度说,到底搜索代理有没有发信息给 在职的原文并没有明确指出,所以也可以
说D错在了“无中生有”。
需要补充一句的就 是:题干和选项中的关键词并不是唯一的,只要你能根据某
个词或者词组从原文中找到对应句子,找对对 应句子,那么该词或词组就是关键
词!千万不要被关键词的“关键”二字所困惑,其实叫“向导词”更合 理些!

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