济南房屋出租-中国民用航空学院

沪教牛津版八年级上册英语知识点总结全册（广州地区）
Unit 1 Encyclopedias .................................... .................................................. ............... 4

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单词 ... .................................................. .................................................. ....... 4

短语 ............................. .................................................. ............................... 5

重点句型 ... .................................................. ................................................. 5

课文翻译 ................................... .................................................. ................. 6

知识点解析 ................ .................................................. ................................ 7

习题 .... .................................................. .................................................. .... 13

Unit 2 Numbers ................... .................................................. ....................................... 16

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单词 ................................. .................................................. ......................... 16

短语 .......... .................................................. ................................................ 17

重点句型 .................................. .................................................. ................ 18

课文翻译 ................. .................................................. ................................. 18

知识点解析 .................................................. .............................................. 19

习题 .................................... .................................................. ...................... 36

Unit 3 Computers .................................................. .................................................. ..... 38

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单词 ............. .................................................. ............................................. 38

短语 .................................... .................................................. ...................... 39

重点句型 ........... .................................................. ....................................... 39

课文翻译 ......................................... .................................................. ......... 40

知识点解析 ....................... .................................................. ....................... 41

习题 ............ .................................................. .............................................. 58

Unit4 Inventions...................... .................................................. .................................. 61

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单词 ...................................... .................................................. .................... 61

短语 ............... .................................................. ........................................... 62

重点句型 ......................................... .................................................. ......... 63

课文翻译 ........................ .................................................. .......................... 63

知识点解析 ...... .................................................. ........................................ 65

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习题 .................... .................................................. ...................................... 68

Unit5 Educational exchange ................... .................................................. ................... 71

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单词 ... .................................................. .................................................. ..... 71

短语 .............................. .................................................. ............................ 72

重点句型 ..... .................................................. ............................................. 72

课文翻译 .................................. .................................................. ................ 73

知识点解析 ................ .................................................. .............................. 74

习题 ..... .................................................. .................................................. ... 83

Unit 6 Ancient stories............ .................................................. .................................... 85

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单词 ................................. .................................................. ......................... 85

短语 .......... .................................................. ................................................ 87

重点句型 .................................. .................................................. ................ 87

课文翻译 ................. .................................................. ................................. 88

知识点解析 .................................................. .............................................. 89

习题 .................................... .................................................. ...................... 95

Unit 7 Memory .. .................................................. .................................................. ..... 100

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单词 ............. .................................................. ........................................... 100

短语 ................................... .................................................. ..................... 101

重点句型 ........... .................................................. ..................................... 101

课文翻译 ......................................... .................................................. ....... 102

知识点解析 ........................ .................................................. .................... 103

习题 .............. .................................................. .......................................... 109

Unit 8 English Week .......................... .................................................. ...................... 114

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单词 ... .................................................. .................................................. ... 114

短语 ............................... .................................................. ......................... 115

重点句型 ....... .................................................. ......................................... 115

课文翻译 ......................................... .................................................. ....... 116

知识点解析 ........................ .................................................. .................... 117

习题 .............. .................................................. .......................................... 122

2

每单元必考语法点预览
Unit 1 some与any的用法 & 复合不定代词somebody, anybody,
nobody等的用法
Unit 2基数词及数字的表达 & 序数词
Unit 3形容词的比较级与最高级
Unit 4 good, bad, far & (not) as…as…
Unit 5现在完成时 & already, yet, ever, never
Unit 6 现在完成时中since, for & 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
Unit 7（真实性）条件状语从句 & if…not 与unless
Unit 8情态动词should, had better


3

Unit 1 Encyclopedias
 单词
词 形
encyclopaedia
human
dinosaur
Italian
inventor
musician
scientist
born
countryside
intelligence
artistic
ability
perhaps
invention
notebook
include
even
however

词 性
n.
adj
n.
n.
n.
n.
n.
v.
n.
n.
adj
n.
adv.
n.
n.
v
adv.
adv.
4
音 标
[ɪnˌsaɪkləˈpidɪə]
[ˈhjumən]
['daɪnəsɔː]
[ɪ'tæljən]
[ɪnˈventə(r)]
[mjuˈzɪʃən]
[ˈsaɪəntɪst]
[bɔ:rn]
[ˈkʌntriˌsaɪd]
[ɪnˈtɛlədʒəns]
[ɑrˈtɪstɪk]
[əˈbɪlɪti]
[pɚˈhæps]
[ɪnˈvɛnʃən]
[ˈnotˌbʊk]
[ɪnˈklud]
[ˈivən]
[haʊˈevɚ]
中 文 意 思
百科全书
人的
恐龙
意大利人
发明家
音乐家
科学家
出生；诞生
乡村
智力；聪颖
艺术的；有美感的
能力，才能
或许；可能
发明
笔记本
包括；包含
甚至
无论如何；然而

suddenly
nobody
fossil
win
dollar


adv.
pron.
n.
v
n
[ˈsʌdn:lɪ]
[ˈnoˌ bədi]
[ˈfɑsəl]
[wɪn]
[ˈdɑlɚ]
意外地，忽然地
没有人，无人
化石
获胜，赢
美元
 短语
the countryside 在乡村，在农村 example 例如
being 人
out 灭绝，消失
out 了解，弄清
for a walk 去散步
born 出生
than 多于，超过
like 正如，正像
long 多久
like 想要
to 紧挨着
up 查阅
on Earth 生活在地球上
Italian painter 一位意大利画家
to do sth 过去常常做某事
the end of 在…末尾
the centre 在中心
out of…从…出来
famous for 以…而闻名
 重点句型
dinosaurs were as small as chickens. 有的恐龙和鸡一样小。
urs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings.
恐龙早于人类生活在地球上六千多万年。
ly dinosaurs all died out. 突然恐龙都灭绝了。
r, we can learn about dinosaurs from their fossils.
然而，我们可以从恐龙的化石了解它们。
5

knows why. 没有人知道其中的原因。
you like some tea? 你想要一些茶吗？
 课文翻译
Look it up! 查一查
Here are two articles from an encyclopedia. 这是一本百科全书中的两篇文章。
Da Vinci, Leonardo达芬奇，列奥纳多
Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519) was an Italian painter, inventor, musician,
engineer and scientist. Da Vinci was born in the countryside. From an early age, he
showed great intelligence and artistic ability. As he grew older, he learnt to do many
different things. His paintings are very famous, and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the
most famous painting in the world. He also had many inventions. For example, his
note books include some interesting drawings of flying machines. (SeeArt)
达芬奇（1452-1519）是意大利画家、发明家、音乐 家、工程师和科学家。
达芬奇出生在农村。从很小的时候起，他就表现出了极大的智慧和艺术能力。随< br>着年龄的增长，他学会了做很多不同的事情。他的画非常有名，其中之一，蒙娜
丽莎，也许是世界 上最著名的画。他也有很多发明。例如，他的笔记本包括一些
有趣的飞行机器图纸。（见艺术）
Dinosaurs恐龙
Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings. They
lived everywhere on Earth. Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens. Others were as
big as ten elephants. Some could even fly. Many dinosaurs ate plants. However, some
dinosaurs liked to eat meat. Dinosaurs lived on Earth for more than 150 million years.
Then, suddenly, they all died out. Nobody knows why. However, wecan learn about
them from their fossils. (See Earth history)
恐龙在人类之前生活在地球上超过6000万年。他们住在地球上的任何地方。有些恐龙和鸡一样小。其他和十头大象一样大。有些甚至可以飞。许多恐龙吃植
物。然而，一些恐龙 喜欢吃肉。恐龙在地球上生活了1亿5000万多年。突然，
他们都死了。没有人知道原因。然而，我们 可以从它们的化石中了解它们。（参
6

见地球历史）
More practice
Australia's big attractions澳大利亚的大景点
Australia is a very big country. It also has many big attractions.
澳大利亚是一个很大的国家。它也有很多吸引人的地方。
The Big Banana大香蕉
The Big Banana is in Coffs Harbour. It was made in 1964 by John Landy. Landy
wanted something to make people come to his fruit shop, so he built the Big
idea worked. Many people visited his fruit shop and took pictures of the
Big Banana. Soon people all over Australia began making big things.
大香蕉在科夫斯港。它是由John Landy在1964建立的。兰迪想让人们到他
的水果 店去，所以他做了一个大香蕉。这个主意奏效了。许多人参观他的水果店，
拍了一张大香蕉的照片。很快 ，澳大利亚各地的人们开始制造大的东西。

The Big Merino大美利奴羊
The Big Merino is in the city of Goulburn. Merinos are a type of sheep. They can
live in dry weather. Some places in Australia are very dry, so these sheep are very
important to the farmers there. Inside the Big Merino, there is a small museum about
the history of wool in Australia. Visitors can also climb up to the Big Merino's head
and look at the view through its eyes.
大美利奴人在Goulburn市。美利奴羊是一种绵羊。他们可以在干燥的天气
里生活。澳大利亚有些地方很干燥，所以这些羊对那里的农民很重要。在大美利
奴的内部，有一个关于澳 大利亚羊毛历史的小博物馆。游客也可以爬到大美利奴
的头上，透过它的眼睛看风景。
 知识点解析
1. Is my encyclopedia useful?
1) useful:有用的，有益的，有帮助的 a useful book
2) use+ful= useful 名词+ful= 形容词
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3) 以-ful结尾的形容词的反义词多是相应的以-less结尾的形容词。
eg:useful--useless careful--careless helpful--helpless
2. Leonardo da Vinci was an Italian painter, inventor, musician, engineer
and scientist.
动词后加后缀-er -or构成一种职业。
eg:teach 教-- teacher 教师 sing唱-- singer 歌唱家
visit参观-- visitor 参观者 invent发明-- inventor 发明家
3. cook
v.烹饪 My mother cooked a delicious meal for us.
n.厨师 My father is a famous cook.
cooker n.厨具
Do you think rice cooker is a useful cooker?
4. Look it up!查阅；查询，强调在词典、参考书等工具书里查阅。
We can look up new words in a dictionary.
【拓展】：look up 仰视；向上看
He looked up from his book as I came into the room.
5. Da Vinci was born in the countryside.
be born 出生
一般用于过去式was born were born
--be born in + 地点 I was born in Guangzhou.
--be born in + 某年某月 Jim was born in July.
--be born on+ 具体到某一天 The twins were born on 1
st
January.
6. From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic ability.
show
1)出示，展示，显露，露出
He showed his photo to me = He showed me his photo.
2)流露，表示，表现
He showed great interest in science when he was young.
3)教，告诉，说明，指点
He showed me the way on the map.
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painting are very famous , and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the
most famous painting in the world.
famous= well-known
be famous for 由于...(事物)而出名 be famous as 作为...(事物)而出名
8. Dinosaurs lived on the Earth more than 60 million years before human
beings.
more than超过；多于，相当于over
less than少于
They have more than a car.
million百万
1)与具体的数字连用时，不加s ，后面直接接复数名词。
There are about two thousand students in this school.
2)固定短语：millions of（hundred, thousand, billion和million的用法相同）
Millions of people help them in different ways.
9. Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens.
As.....as 与.....一样......
1)当两个比较对象在某方面相同时，用“ as + 形容词副词原级+as”结构，
表示“（A和B）一样”......
This tree is as tall as that one.
2)比较两个对象时，若一方不及另一方，则用“not asso+形容词副词原级
+as”结构，
表示“A不如B....”
Our school is not as big as yours.
as+adj(原级)+as
not as+adj(原级)+as
和...一样
不如...
I am as tall as you.我和你一样高。
He is not as strong as you.
他不如你强壮
as many+可数名词+as 和...一样多
I have as many books as you (do)
我的书和你的一样多
as much+不可数名词+as

和...一样多
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Drink as much juice as you want.

你想喝多少果汁就喝多少。
r, some dinosaurs liked to eat meat.
however “然而，但是”
例：However,this does not always happen.
however
然而 一般位于句首，能
单独使用
but
但是 位于分句的句首，
不能单独使用

11. a the number of 用法
a number of与the number of，二者的区别涉及到主谓一致的问题，它们修饰名
词作主语时，谓语的数是不一样的。
(1)a number of…意思是“一些，若干”(= some)，后接可数名词复数或代词，
谓语动词用复数形式。 还可以加入形容词表示数量大或小等(例如：a largesmall
number of…许多少数……)。
A number of students have read that magazine. 有很多学生都看过那本杂志。
(2)the number of…意思是“……的数字数目”，介词of同其后名词构成介
词短语，修饰the number.当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
例如：
The number of wild animals has become less and less. 野生动物的数量逐渐减少。
the end of
在......的末尾；在......的尽头 +时间地点
There is a park at the end of the road.
We will have an exam at the end of the month.
to do 过去常常做某事，并且含有现在已不做之意。
I used to go to that primary school.
拓展：
be used to doing sth 现已习惯做某事
be used to do sth 被用来做某事
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He likes music. However, his wife doe
sn’t.
He likes music, but his wife doesn’t.

sb do sth =help sb with sth
帮助某人做某事
He often helps me study English.=He often helps me with my English.
【拓展】
help oneself to ...随便吃些......
Help yourselves to some fish, children.
Can’t help doing ....禁不住做...... She can’t help laughing.
15. Just remember to think and to dream.
remember及物动词
Please remember the story.
辨析：remember to do sth 与remember doing sth

remember to do sth
记得去做某事
（此事还未做）
remember doing sth
记得已做过某事
（此事已做完）
ere small; others were huge.
some...others... 一些......另一些......
others指除去一部分之后的另一些，但不是剩余的全部。
There are lots of people in the park. Some are walking and others are climbing
the hill.
some...the others 一些......其余的......
the others 指剩下的全部包含在内的“其余的人或事物”
There are many children on the beach. Some can swim but the others can’t.
Remember to post his letter
记得要为他寄信
I remember posting his letter
我记得已帮他寄过信。
语法：some any复合不定代词
教材典句
1. I have some questions about dinosaurs.
2. Do they have any questions about dinosaurs?
3. Would you like some tea?
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4. We don’t have any bread.
重点语法全解：
（一）some和a ny都可以修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，表示“一些….”
但二者在用法上还是有区别的。
some一般用于肯定句
any一般用于否定句和疑问句中。
（二）some和any的特殊用法：
①some用在疑问句中，表示请求，建议或希望得到肯定回答。
②any可用于肯定句，表 示“任何的，任一的”，后常接可数名词单数（any+
单数名词）。
③some+单数名词, 表示某一
复合不定代词

some
any
every
no
thing
something
anything
everything
nothing
body
somebody
anybody
everybody
nobody
one
someone
anyone
everyone
no one
注意：复合不定代词+形容词，形容词后置
something hot something interesting something important
anything possible anything else nothing wrong
Is there anything else I can do for you? 有什么其他事情要我为你做的吗?
There’s nothing wrong with the machine. 机器没有毛病。
I have something interesting to tell you.我有一些有趣的事情要告诉你。

复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词单数。
例句：Everything looks great.所有东西看起来都很不错。
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Everyone has his own gift. 每个人都有自己的天赋。
Someone wants to see you outside. 外面有人想见你。
Nothing is impossible. 没有什么是不可能的。一切皆有可能。
 习题
练一练：
一、根据中文提示填空。
(1)I heard strange just now. 我刚刚听见一些奇怪的声音。
(2)There’s left in the fridge. 冰箱里什么都没有剩下。
(3)Would you like to eat? 你想要吃点什么吗？
(4)Can you lend me money? 你能借我一些钱么?
二、选择题
( )(1) .Not in our class likes playing football. Some of them like
playing basketball.
A .anyone ne C .nobody e
( )(2).—— I’d like some tea.
—— Sorry, we don’t have . Would you like milk?
, some , any C. some, any D .any, some
( ) (3). I’m hungry. I want ______ to eat.
A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing
( ) (4). Why not ask ______ to help you?
A. everyone B. someone C. anyone D. none
( ) (5). Everything ______ ready. We can start now.
A. are B. is C. be
( ) (6). There’s ______ with his eyes. He’s OK.
A. anything wrong B. wrong something C. nothing wrong
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. It is useful (learn) a foreign language.
2. Can you help me (carry) the box, Lily?
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D. were

3. Remember (write) to me when you get to Beijing.
4. I need some (potato) . Do you have any?
5. About two (million ) people listened to the programme.
6. I think telephone is one of the most important (invent) in the world.
7. Tom wants to be a (cook) in the future.
四、单选题。
1. This morning I some new restaurant on the Internet for I wanted to take
Mia to a nice restaurant for her birthday.
up up C. cleaned up D. gave up
2. My mother was born a cold morning.
A. on B. at C. in
3. Zhou Jielun is famous a singer.
A. as B. for C. in D. at
4. He wrote songs.
A. hundred hundred C. hundred of D. one hundred of
5. He often helps me my Maths.
A. to C. on D. in
host family tried to cook _________ for me when I studied in London.
ent something B. different anything
ing different D. anything different
7. --_________ do you watch TV every week?
--Less than two hours. I often have much homework to do.
many B. How much
long D. How often
team _________ the match. We have got the first place.
B. beat C. won D. watched
9. --Steven,could you help _________ when he plane will take off on the
Internet?
--Sorry,my computer doesn’t work.
on B. find out for D. look after
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10. --I often have hamburgers for lunch.
--You’d better not. It’s bad for you too much junk food.
A. eat eat C. eating D. ate
11. He lost his key. It made him in the cold to wait for his wife’s return.
stay B. stayed C. stays D. stay
12. In our school library there a number of the books on science, and in these
year the number of them growing larger and larger.
;is B. is; are C. have; are D. has; is
13. You can get much about the World Expo on the Internet.
e C. ticket D. information
14. birds died because of pollution.
millions B. Millions of C. Million of millions of
15. What a find day! Let’s go a walk.
B. at C. out D. in
五、完形填空
Dickens, one of the greatest English writers,was born in 1 of the small
towns in England.
When Dickens was nine years old, the family moved to London, the2 of
England. There were several younger children in the 3. . Their life
was4. . So Dickens could not go to school.
He didn’t go to 5. until his father came out of prison(监狱). At that
time he was already twelve years old. But he did not finish school. Two
years6 , he began to work. He often went to the library to 7 books.
He read a lot. Then Dickens wrote lots of novels and stories all his8 .
Dickens9 over a hundred years ago. 10. people are still reading
his books with great interest.
( ) 1. A. any B. one C. some D. a
( ) 2. A. city B. town C. capital D. country
( ) 3. A. school B. class C. city D. family
( ) 4. A. good B. hard D. wonderful
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( ) 5. A. school B. a school C. the school s
( ) 6. A. ago B. before C. later D. since
( ) 7. A. see B. buy C. sell D. read
( ) 8. A. money B. home C. class D. life
( ) 9. A. won B. drew C. read D. died
( ) 10. A. But B. So C. Why D. While
习题参考答案
一、ing g ng
二、1-6 BDBBBC
三、 learn write es
n ion
四、1-5 B A A B B 6-10 C D C B B 11-15 D A D B A
五、1-5 B C D B A 6-10 C D D D A

Unit 2 Numbers
 单词
词 形
number
instructions
check
gram
son
chess
India
词性
n.
n.
v.
n.
n.
n.
n.
音 标
[ˈnʌmbə(r)]
[ɪnˈstrʌkʃn]
[tʃek]
[græm]
[sʌn]
[tʃes]
['ɪndɪə]
中 文 意 思
数字 [pl.]
指示，命令
检查；核实
克（重量单位）
儿子
国际象棋
印度
16

wise
challenge
promise
prize
grain
chessboard
double
amount
rest
gold
instead
realize
copy
correctly
traffic
accident

adj
v.
v.
n.
n.
n.
v.
n.
n.
n.
adv
v.
v.
adv
n.
n.
[waɪz]
[ˈtʃæləndʒ]
[ˈprɒmɪs]
[praɪz]
[greɪn]
[ˈtʃesbɔ:d]
[ˈdʌbl]
[əˈmaʊnt]
[rest]
[gəʊld]
[ɪnˈsted]
[ˈri:əlaɪz]
[ˈkɒpi]
[kə'rektlɪ]
[ˈtræfɪk]
[ˈæksɪdənt]
充满智慧的
向（某人）挑战
许诺；承诺
奖赏；奖品
谷粒
国际象棋棋盘
（使）加倍
数量；数额
剩余部分
金子；黄金
代替；顶替
认识到；意识到
抄写；誊写
准确无误地
交通
事故
 短语
1. in one’s daily life在某人的日常生活 7. give sb good advice 给某人好的建议
nge…to…向（某人）挑战
3. copy down抄写，誊写
4.. so that 为的是，以便
one’s advice 接受某人建议
… any more 不再
10. take place发生
17

sb to do sth 命令某人做某事
6. ask sb for help 向某人求救
11. promise to do sth 承诺做某事
12. in this way 用这种方法
made from由…制成(看不出原材料) be made of 由…制成（看得出原材料）
+ 名词+ to do sth 形容词+enough+ to do sth 足够…干某事
 重点句型
1. What’s 6 minus 6?
六减六等于多少呢？
2. From then on he was not lazy any more.
从那以后，他不再懒惰。
3. Hello, this is Joyce speaking.
你好，我是乔伊斯。
4. Wouldn’t you like gold or silver instead?
难道你不想要金子或银子代替吗？ 扫一扫，听课文
 课文翻译
The king and the rice
A long time ago, there was a king in India. The king’s favourite game was chess.
One day, a wise old man came to the palace and the king challenged him to a
game. The king promised the old man, “ You can have any prize if you win the
game.”
The old man said, “If I win the game, I’d like one grain of rice for the first
square of the chessboard, two for the second, four for the third, and then double the
amount for each of the rest of the squares.”
“Is that all?” asked the king. “Wouldn’t you like gold or silver instead?”
“No, just rice,” replied the old man.
The king and the old man played the game for a long time. Finally, the old man
won. So the king ordered his men to collect a bag of rice. He put one grain on the first
square, two on the second, and so on. The king quickly realized the problem ---even
18

with all the rice in the country, he would still not have enough rice to put on all the
squares!
国王与大米
很久以前，印度有一位国王。国王最喜欢的比赛是下棋。
一天，一个聪明的老人来到王宫，国 王向他挑战。国王答应老人：“如果你
赢了比赛，你可以得到任何奖赏。”
老人说：“如果我 赢了这场比赛，我想要一粒米做棋盘第一格，两粒米做第
二格，四粒米做第三格，然后把其余各格的米加 倍。”
“就这些吗？国王问道。“难道你不喜欢金子还是银子？”“
“不，只是米饭，”老人答道。
国王和老人玩了很长时间的游戏。最后，老人赢了。于是国王 命令他的人收
集一袋大米。他把一粒粮食放在第一个格子上，两个在第二个，依此类推。国王
很 快意识到了这个问题——即使全国有米饭，他仍然没有足够的米放在所有的广
场上！
 知识点解析
a story about numbers. 读一个关于数字的故事。(P17)
Number 此处用作可数名词，意为 数字， number 还可以表示“号码”
Eg: We often use Arabic numbers in our daily life.
在我们的日常生活中我们经常使用阿拉伯数字。
What’s your telephone number?
你的电话号码是多少？
【拓展】 number还可以用作及物动词，意为“标序号，给…编号”
Please number the pictures. 请给这些图片编上序号。
2． Check some Maths problems. 检查一些数学题。
(1) check 及物动词，意为“检查，核实”。
Our teachers check our homework every day. 我们的老师每天都检查我们的
作业。
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Please check the answers. 请核对答案。
【拓展】 check 的相关短语
check in登记，检票 check out办清手续后离开 check up检验
(2) problem 可数名词，意为：问题，难题。
He worked out the Maths problem. 他算出了那道数学难题。
These are the problems of youth. 这些是青少年的问题。
辨析： problem 与 question
problem
多指有待解决的问题， 特别是疑难的
问题或令人疑惑的事，人，情况
question
意思广泛，指需要解决或解答的问题
Solve the problem 解决问题
Deal with the problem 处理问题
Ask questions 问问题
Answer the question 回答这问题
【拓展】(1) have problem (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难。
They have some problems (in) getting there on time. 他们准时到达那儿有些
困难。
(2) No problem.没问题
---Can you help me? 你能帮助我吗？---No problem. 没问题。

【Reading】
1. It is 17.8 centimetres long. 它有17.8 厘米长。（ p18）
17.8 centimetres long 意为 17.8 厘米长。在英语中，表示长宽高面积等通
常用基数词+单位名词[ metre(s), footfeet, centimeter(s)等]+形容词(long,
wide, high ,
The bridge is about 50 metres long. 这座桥约 50米长。
They are only 15 centimetres wide. 它们只有15厘米宽。
2. Playing chess. 下国际象棋（P18）
Play chess 是固定短语，意为下国际象棋，chess 前不加任何冠词。
The children are learning to play chess. 孩子们正在学习下国际象棋。
【拓展】 play 用作动词时，有以下几种常见用法：
（1）玩耍； 此时play 为不及物动词，后面不能直接接宾语
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The boy often plays in the street. 这个男孩经常在街上玩耍。
（2） 打，踢球，后面直接接表示球类的名词。
play basketball 打篮球 play volleyball 打排球 play football踢足球
(3) 演奏乐器。 表示西洋乐器的名词前加定冠词the.
play the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin 拉小提琴
（4） 玩弄， 与…玩耍。 后接介词with
He often plays with his little sister. 他经常和他的小妹妹玩。
Don’t play with fire. 别玩火。
【中考.链接】
（山东德州中考）---What do you like to do after school?
-----I like playing _________chess with my father.
A. a B. an C. the D.
3. The king’s favourite game was chess. 国王最喜欢的游戏是国际象棋。
（p19）
favourite 此处用作形容词，以为最喜欢的。favouritr 通常谓语名词前作定
语。
What is your favourite movie star? 你最喜欢的电影明星是谁？
White is my favourite colour. 白色是我最喜欢的颜色。
【拓展】 favourite 也可以用作名词，意为 最喜欢的人或物
例如：This book is my favourite.
4. One day, a wise old man came to the palace and the king challenged him
to a game. 有一天，以为充满智慧的老者来到宫殿，国王向他挑战一次比赛
（p 19）
（1） challenge 及物动词，意为向某人挑战，challenge …to…表示向某人
挑战
Do you want to challenge him? 你想向他挑战吗？
My father challenges me to a table tennis game. 父亲向我挑战一场乒乓球比
赛。
21

5. The king promised the old man, “You can hace any prize if you win the
game.”国王向老者承诺：“如果你赢得比赛，你可以得到任何奖励。” （ p19）
(1) promise 此处用作及物动词，表示许诺，承诺。 其后可接双宾语或动词
不定式作宾语。
She promised me the book. 她许诺给我这本书。
They promised to come to the party on time. 他们答应准时来参加聚会。
【拓展】 promise 也可用做名词，make a promise 意为许下诺言，答应，保
证。
常构成以下固定搭配：
make a promise 许下诺言 keep the promise 保守诺言
break the promise 不守信用
My mother made a promise to buy a new bike for me.母亲答应给我买一辆新自
行车
（2）if 连词，意为如果，引导条件状语从句。 If 引导的条件状语从句可
以放在主句之后，也可以放在主句之前，当条件状语从句位于主句之前时，
后面要用逗号与主句隔开。
例如：
We’ll go to visit the Great Wall if it is fine tomorrow.
如果明天天气好，我们将去游览长城。
If it rains, I won’t go swimming. 如果下雨， 我不会去游泳。
【拓展】 含有if 引导的条件状语从句的主从 复合句，要遵循“主将从现”
的原则，即若主句用一般将来时（或含有情态动词，为祈使句），if 引导的
条件状语从句用一般现在时。
【中考链接】
（2013.甘肃白银） if our government _________pay attention to the safety, our
health ___________ in danger.
A. isn’t; is B. doesn’t; will be C. won’t; is D, isn’t; will be
6. …I’d like one grain of rice for the first square of the chessboard……
（P19）我想在棋盘的第一个方格要一粒谷粒。
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Would like 意为想要，在意思上相当于want， 但在语气上比want 委婉，
常用于口语
Would 是情态动词，没有人称和数的变化，would like 后接名词，代词，或
动词不定式，但不可接动名词。
I would like some apples. 我想要些苹果。
He would like to eat some bananas.他想吃香蕉。
【拓展】
（1） 当我们询问或回答某人需要。。。时，可以在would like 后面直接跟
名词作宾语。
对于would like提出的建议或要求，肯定回答yes, please,否定:no, thanks
例如：
---what would he like? 他想要什么？
----He’d like some food. 他想要些食品。
---Would you like some iced tea? 你想要喝冰茶吗？
--- Yes, please. No, thanks. 好的，请来一点儿。不，谢谢。
（2） 回答would you like to do sth?句型时，肯定回答常用yes, I’d love like
to.”
否定回答常用”I’d love to , but…”
-----Would you like to stay here with me? 你愿意和我一起待在这儿吗？
----Yes, I’d love to. 是的， 我愿意。

(3) would like sb to do sth 意为想要某人做某事“
I’d like you to go with me. 我想让你和我一起去。
(北京朝阳中考) 完成句子
你想来点面包吗？
Would you _________some _______?
7. … and then double the amount for each of the rest of the squares.其余
的方格每一格都是（前一方格）两倍的数量。 （p 19）
rest 此处用作名词，意为剩余部分。 The rest of 意为 …的剩余部分。
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They’ll eat some of the bread and keep the rest for breakfast.
他们会吃一些面包，剩下的留作早点。
But what about the rest of them？ 但是他们其余的人怎么办呢？
【拓展】 (1) rest 做名词，意为休息。
We stopped to have a rest. 我们停下来休息了一下。
（2） rest 做动词，意为休息，使休息。
They rest for half an hour. 他们休息了半个小时。
8. Wouldn’t you like gold or silver instead? 难道你不想要金子或银子代
替？
instead 副词，意为代替，顶替
She is very busy. Let’s go instead. 她太忙了，还是让我们去吧。
辨析：instead 与 instead of
instead
instead of

例如：
Instead I’ll stay at home and do my homework. 相反，我会待在家里做作业。
I’ll read newspapers instead of seeing a film. 我将看报纸而不是看电影。
9. The king quickly realized the problem. 国王很快意识到了问题。 （p19）
Realized 是动词realise 的过去式，realize及物动词，意为认识到，意识到，
常见用法有：
（1）realize + n.
At last she realized her mistakes. 最后她意识到了她的错误。
（2） realize + that 从句
I realized that is was time to go to school. 我意识到该上学了。
(3) realize + 疑问词+其他
I don’t think you realize how important this is to her.
我认为你没有意识到这对她多重要。
代替，顶替
代替， 而不是
位于句首或句末
后接名词，代词或动名词
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10.… he would still not have enough rice to put on all the squares! …他仍
然没有足够的大米放在所有的方格上！（P19）
Enough 此处用作形容词，意为充足的，足够的。可接可数名词复数或不可
数名词。他放 在名词的前面或后面都可以。
He doesn’t have enough time time enough to finish the work.
他没有足够的时间去完成这项工作。
【拓展】enough 作副词时，意为足够地，十分，通常用于所修饰的形容词
或副词之后。
The boy is strong enough to lift the box. 这个男孩很强壮，能举起这个箱子。
【中考链接】
（2013. 广东梅州）The dining hall is __________ to hold 300 people.
A. enough big B. enough small C. small enough D. big enough
11. A young man once talked to a wise old man. （p20）
一位年轻人有一次与一位充满智慧的老人交谈。

talk to 意为： 与。。。交谈
例如：
I want to talk to my mother about the bike.
我想和我母亲谈谈有关自行车的事情。
My teacher often talks to me and helps me.
我的老师常常和我谈话并且帮助我。
【拓展】
（1）talk with …意为与…交谈。强调谈话双方无主次之分，互相交流
She is talking with a friend. 她正在和一个朋友交谈。
（2）talk about 表示谈论（某人，某事等）
Please talk about the picture. 请谈论一下这幅图画。
12． “I can teach you how to make more money if you promise to follow my
advice,” 如果你承诺采纳我的建议，我可以教你如何去赚更多的钱。
25

（1） how to make more money 是“疑问词+动词不定式短语”结构，意为
如何去赚更多的钱， 在句中作teach 的宾语。
疑问代词或副词what who whom which where when how后跟动词不定
式，常用作动词knowtellaskteach等的宾语。
He asked me where to park his car. 他问我该把他的车停在哪里。
Could you please teach me how to make a home page?
你能教我如何制作主页吗？
（2）advice不可数名词，意为建议，表示一条建议，用aone piece of advice,
表示一些建议，用some advice.
I will give you some advice on how to look after your pet dog.
我将给你一些怎样照顾你的宠物狗的建议。
【拓展】（1）advice的常用搭配
give sb some advice=give some advice to sb. 给某人提一些建议
ask for advice 征求意见 follow take sb’s advice 接受某人的建议
（2） advise 动词 ，意为建议，后接名词，代词或v.-ing形式做宾语，也
可用于advise sb (not) to do sth. 结构，意为建议某人（不要做）某事
She advised us to wait (for) one more day. 她建议我们再等一天。
【中考链接】
（新疆中考） I don’t know how to keep healthy, can you give me _________?
A. an advice B. lots of advices C. a few advices D. some advices
13. The young man agreed. 年轻人同意了（p20）
agree此处用作不及物动词，意为同意，表示同意某人，用agree with sb.
Did they agree”? 他们同意吗？
We all agreed with Miss Gao. 我们都同意高老师的看法。
【拓展】 agree 也可用作及物动词，意为同意，
agree to do sth.意为同意做某事。
My parents agreed to take me to the zoo. 我父母同意带我去动物园。
14. From then on he was not lazy any more. 从那以后，他不再懒惰。（p20）
not.. any more 相当于no more, 意为不再，多表示数量上或程度上不再
26

The girl didn’t cry any more. = The girl no more cried. 那个女孩子不再哭了。
I won’t play computer games any more = I will no more play computer games.
我不会再玩电脑游戏。
【拓展】 not..any longer 相当于no longer 意为不再，多表示在时间或距
离上不再。
She doesn’t live here any longer. = She no longer lives here. 她不再住在这里
了。
15. Where the story took place 故事发生的地点（P 21）
take place 意为发生，不用于被动语态中
This story took place last year. 这个故事是去年发生的。
辨析： take place 与 happen
take place
表示发生，举行，举办，
一般指非偶然性事件的发生
happen
When will the basketball game tak
e place?篮球赛何时举行？
做发生，碰巧解，一般用于偶
An accident happened in that street.
然事件 那条街上发生了一起事故。

要点全解
1. Some words have both a strong form and a weak form.（ p26）
有些单词既可重读，也可弱读。
Both …and 意为既…又， 不但…而且…用于连接并列的句子成分。 若
both…and…连接主语，其谓语动词须用复数形式。
Both his father and his uncle are very tall. 他的父亲和叔叔都很高。
2. Our Maths teacher uses a lot of games to help us learn. 我们数学老师用
很多游戏来帮助我们学习。
Use…to do sth 意为 用…做某事，相当于 use…for doing sth.
We use knives to cut thing.= We use knives for cutting things.我们用小刀来割
东西。
makes the class really interesting. 他使课堂非常有趣。
“make +宾语+形容词”表示使某人 某物…” 形容词作宾语补足语。
27

The present made my cousin happy. 那件礼物使我表妹很开心。
Her song made her famous all over the world. 她的歌使她全世界闻名。
【拓展】 动词find, keep等之后也常接形容词作宾语补足语。
I found the dog clever. 我发现这条狗很聪明。
Let’s try to keep our classroom clean. 我们尽量保持教室清洁。
4. I don’t think I copied down the Maths problems correctly. （p27）我认
为我没有正确地抄写数学题。
这是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句。当主句主语为第一人称，think, believe
等动词后的宾语从句为否定含义的句子时，要将否定词转移到主句中，即主
句的谓语动词用否定式，而 从句的谓语动词用肯定式，这种语法现象就是否
定转移。翻译成汉语时，要注意将否定的意义还原到从句 中去。
I don’t think that Jenny will come to his party. 我认为珍妮不回去参加他的
聚会。
I don’t think he is right. 我认为他不对。
【中考链接】
（北京朝阳中考）完成句子
我认为你的答案不对。
I ______ ______ your answer is right.
More practise
1. However, they could only count small numbers in this way. 然而，用这种
方法，他们只能数很小的数。（p29）
辨析： in this way, in the way, on the way, 与 by the way
in this way
in the way
on the way
by the way

用这种方法
Only in this way, can we do better in English.
挡道
在路上
Look, a car is in the way.
I met my uncle on the way to school.
顺便说一下
By the way, what time is it?
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2. They used them to count things like the days of the month, the amount of
food and the number of animals they had. 他们用这些记号来数像每月的天
数，食物的数量和他们拥有的动物的数量这些东西。（p29）
辨析: the amount of 与 the number of
The amount of
The number of
…的数量，强调总量 其后多接不可数名词
…的数量，强调数目 其后接可数名词复数
the amount of snow 降雪量
the amount of money 钱的数量
the number of boys 男孩的数量
the number of chairs 椅子的数量
people began to use tokens made from clay or small stones. 后来人
们开始使用泥土或小石头制成的标记。（p 29）
Made此处是动词make 的过去分词。过去分词短语made from clay or small
stones 作后置 定语，修饰tokens,表示用泥土或小石头制成的标记。过去分
词短语作定语时位于被修饰的名词之 后，表示被动
I have a wonderful friend named Jack. 我有一位叫杰克的好朋友。
The photo taken by Mr Wang is great. 王先生拍的那张照片很棒。
【中考链接】
（山东潍坊中考） The new treatments ________ by Norman Bethune
helped a number of soldiers.
A. invent B invents C. inventing D. invented
4. They often put the tokens on pieces of string so that they could carry
them around easily.
他们经常把这些标记串在细绳上，为的是他们能容易地到处携带让他们。
（p29）
So that 此处引导目的状语从句，意为： 为的是，以便， 从句中常有can,
could ,may, might,等情态动词， so that 从句可以转换为in order that 从句
或in order to do 结构
I worked hard so that I could finish my work on time.
29

= I worked hard in order to finish my work on time.
【拓展】 so that 也可引导结果状语从句，意为结果，因此，该从句前常用
逗号与主句分开。
It rained heavily, so that we had to stay at home.雨下得很大，结果我不得不待
在家。
【中考链接】
（安徽中考） You’d better take the map with you ____you
won’t get lost.
A. as long as B. as soon as C. now that D. so that
重点语法 ----基数词和序数词
一、基数词
1.基数词的读法.
1)1---12 : one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve
2)13---19: 词尾加-teen :thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen
nineteen
3)20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90 : 逢十词尾加-ty :twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy
eighty ninety
4)21----99: 在十位与个位之间加连字符.
21--- twenty-one 99---ninety-nine
5)101---999 :先说几百, 再加and ,再加末尾两位数或个位数.
101---one hundred and one 238----two hundred and thirty-eight
6)1000以上的数:先将数字从右往左数,每三位数用一个逗号隔开, 从右往左第
一个逗号表示 “千”读thousand 第二个逗号表示 “百万”读million 第三个
逗号表示 “十亿”读billion
18,657,421---eighteen million ,six hundred and fifty-seven thousand ,four hundred
and twenty-one.
注意：1.表示几十几的，要在在十位与个位之间加连字符. 如：45 forty-five
2.在百位数和十位个位数之间用and. 如：123 one hundred and twenty-two
102 one hundred and two.
30

hundreds of
成百上千的
thousands of
成千上万的
millions of
数百万计的；大量的
注意：1.前面有具体数字，后面的hundred thousandmillion 不能加s
也不能加of
d thousand million加了s 就一定要加of
练一练：
一、判断对错
three thousands
( )
hundred of
( )
二、选择题。
( )1．__________ people are sending and receiving e﹣mails on the Internet every
day．
A．Million B．Millions C．Million of
( )2. —Where were you born, Michael?
—I was born in a small village with only three ______ people.
d B. hundreds C. hundreds of
( )3. ____ Kobe's fans watched his final match and ____ of them are men.
A. Million of; three fourths B. Three million; third four C. Millions of; three
fourths
( )4.__________foreigners visit the Great Wall every year.
A. Thousand of B. Thousand . C .Thousands D. Thousands of
( )5. There are ____ students in our school.
A. four—hundred and forty—five B. four hundred and forty—five
C. four hundreds and forty—five D. four hundred and forty five
( ) many people will come to Beijing next year?
It’s hand to say. _______people, I think.
A. Million of B. Millions of C. Millions D. million
31
five hundred
( )
four millions
( )
five millions of
( )
forty five thousand
( )
D．Millions of

( ) ______ films were shown during the 5th Shanghai International Film
Festival.
A. two hundred of B. two hundreds of C. two hundred D. two hundreds
答案：一、
three thousands
( × )
hundred of
( × )
二、1-7 DACDB BC
二、序数词
序数词。表示人或事物的顺序的词.基数词变序数词口诀:
基变序,有规律,词尾要加th .一二三,特殊记, (first second third )八去t ,
九去e,ve要用f替.ty变作tie,再加th莫忘记.若遇几十几,只变个位就可以。
什么时候用序数词？
1.表示楼层，如：一楼：first floor
2.表示日期。如：6月1日 the first of June
3.前面有定冠词the, the表示特指。 the first one 第一个
4.表示第几第几的时候。
基数词和序数词对照表

1
2
3
4
5
one
two
three
four
five
first
second
third
fourth
fifth
1th
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
five hundred
( √ )
four millions
( × )
five millions of
( × )
forty five thousand
( × )
32

6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
30
40
90
100

six
seven
eight
nine
ten
eleven
twelve
thirteen
fourteen
fifteen
sixteen
seventeen
eighteen
nineteen
twenty
twenty-one
twenty-two
thirty
forty
ninety
hundred
sixth
seventh
eighth
ninth
tenth
eleventh
twelfth
thirteenth
fourteenth
fifteenth
sixteenth
seventeenth
eighteenth
nineteenth
twentieth
twenty-first
twenty-second
thirtieth
fortieth
ninetieth
hundredth
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
13th
14th
15th
16th
17th
18th
19th
20th
21st
22nd
30th
40th
90th
100th
练一练：
( )1. —Hi, Andy! There are ______ floors in this building. Which floor do you
live on?
—I live on the ______ floor.
A. thirty; twenty-second B. thirty; twenty-two C. thirtieth; twenty-two
33

( )2. Li Ming will be ____. His parents are going to have a party for his ____
birthday.
n; sixteenth nth; sixteenth
C. sixteen; sixteen
( )3. Meimei is going to be an elder sister. Her parents are planning to have their
____ child.
A. one B. second C. first
( )4. —Welcome to Los Angeles. Have you ever been here?
—Sure. I visited this city three years ago, so this is my ____ time here.
A. first B. second C. third
( )5. December is the ____ month of the year.
A. twelve B. twelveth C. twelfth
( ) is ____ of a year.
A. the fifth months B. the fifth month C. the five months D. the five month
答案：1-6 AABBC B
三、关于日期的表达方式
11 Dec. 2008 读法：the eleventh of December, two thousand and eight
20th April,1987,读成 the twentieth of April,nineteen eighty-seven
练一练：
（ ）1. ____ month of the year is May.
A. The Five B. The fifth C. Fifth
（ ）2. —When is Teachers' Day in China?
—It's on the ____ day of September.
A. ninth B. tenth C. eleventh
答案：1-2 BB
四、关于岁数的表达
例如two years old和two-year-old
只可以做表语意思是 两岁。如 I am two years old.
two-year-old 只可以做定语意思是两岁的。如 I am a two-year-old boy.
34

练一练：
（ ）1. —Yan Jiashuo, a ____ girl, has won the prize of International Master
Memory.
—Wow, she's great, isn't she?
A. ten- year-old B. ten-years-old C. ten year old
答案：A
拓展：在某人..岁的时候
the age of+某人岁数
At the age of 18,Tom learned how to drive cars.在汤姆18岁时,他学会了如何开车.
one's+数字基数词复数
e.g:in his twenties在他20岁的时候
in Wang hua's sixteens在王华16岁的时候
五、分数的表达方式
先分子，再分母。分子用基数，分母用序数。
当分子为大于1的整数时，分母要变复数。
two thirds 23 three fifths 35
三分之一 one third 一又七分之三 one and three sevenths
分数词的几种特殊形式.
13—one third = a third
14—one fourth = a quarter
12—one second = a half
34—three fourths = three quarters
六、 加减乘除

分类
加法
减法
乘法
除法

没有给出结果的
Add 3 and 9
Subtract 3 from 9
Multiply 3 by 9
Divide 9 by 3
3+9
9-3
9×3
9÷3
给出结果的
3 plus 9 equalsis 12
9 minus 3 equalsis 6
3+9=12
9-3=6
3 multiplied by 9 equalsis 27 3×9=27
9 divided by 3 equalsis 3
35
9÷3=3

is are equal 是等于的意思
练一练： 翻译
5+5=10
10-5=5
10÷2=5
2 X 5=10
答案：5 plus 5 equalsis 10 10 minus 5 equalsis 5
10 divided by 2 equalsis 5 2 multiplied by 5 equalsis 10

 习题
一、单项选择
1.( )If our government_____pay attention to the safety of food, our health_____in
danger.
A. isn’t; is B. doesn’t; will be C. won’t; is D. isn’t; will be
2.( )My brother wants to_____his classmate to a computer game.
A. Is challenge B. challenge to C. challenge with D. challenge
3.( )Would you_____some bread?
A. likes to C likes to
4.( )I will read newspapers__________seeing a film.
A. instead B. instead of C. no only D. not to
5.( )The dining hall is_____to hold 300 people.
A. enough B. enough small C. small enough D. big enough
6.( )I don’t know how to keep healthy, can you give me_____?
A. an advice B. lots of advices C. a few advices D. some advice
7.( )8,730,326_____a large (大的)number.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
8.( )The number 366 writes _____.
A. three hundreds and sixty six hundred and sixty six
36

C. three hundred and sixty- sux hundred and sixty-six
9.( )My father and I like to _____ very much.
A. playing the chess B. play chess C. playing chess D. play the chess
10.( )“I can’t write the words in an hour,” he replied_____me.
A. B. to D. of
11.( )He ordered the soldier_____ outside.
A. to stand B. standing C. to standing D. stand
二、首字母填空
1 What's your telephone n_____?
2 I am a boy. I am my parents' s_____.
3 Mary isn't in the classroom. Let’s ask Jenny i_____.
4 He seldom r_____to the e mails his friends send him.
5 Can you play c_____?
6 Yesterday, he _____ (挑战)me to play that game.
7 Tommy_____ (承诺) that he would go to school earlier the next day.
8 Xu hai feng won a g_____medal in shooting in the 1984 Olympics.
9 Mr Wu_____ (命令) Simon to close the windows before the storm came.
三、完成句子
1.你比大部分孩子都幸运些，我希望你意识到这一点。
You are luckier than most children, and I hope _____ _____ _____.
2.当我们打网球时，你们其余的人做什么呢？
While we are playing tennis, what will_____ _____ _____you do ?
3. 我喜欢读书而不是跳舞。
I enjoy reading _____ _____ _____.
4.我去过很多地方，如上海、北京等等。
I have been to many places, such as Shanghai ,Beijing_____ _____ _____.

习题参考答案
一、1.B 2.D 3.D 4.B 5.D 6.D 7.B 8.D 9.B 10.B 11.A
37

二、 d s er
nged ed d
三、1. you realize that 2. the rest of d of dancing so on
Unit 3 Computers
 单词
词 形
order
compare
monitor
speaker
main unit
keyboard
mouse
type
brain
control
词性
n.
v.
n.
n.
n.
n.
n.
v.
n
v.
音 标
[ˈɔ:rdə(r)]
[kəmˈper]
[ˈmɑ:nɪtə(r)]
[ˈspikɚ]
[mein]
[ˈki:bɔ:rd]
[maʊs]
[taɪp]
[breɪn]
[kənˈtrəʊl]
[ɪkˈspɛnsɪv]
[ˈtaɪni]
[dɪˈpɛnd]
[ˈkælkjuleɪt]
[spi:d]
[ˈɒpəreɪt]
38
中 文 意 思
订货；订购
比较；对比
显示器
扬声器
主机
键盘
鼠标
打字
脑
操纵，控制
昂贵的
极小的
依靠；依赖
计算
速度
操作；控制
expensive adj.
tiny
depend
calculate
speed
operate

adj.
v.
v.
n.
v.

railway
company
price
total
inch
sell
popular

n.
n.
n.
n.
n.
v.
adj
[ˈreɪlweɪ]
[ˈkʌmpəni]
[praɪs]
[ˈtəʊtl]
[ɪntʃ]
[sel]
[ˈpɒpjələ(r)]
铁路系统
公司
价格
总额 合计
英寸
出售；售卖
受欢迎的
 短语
work as 从事…工作
be unaware of 没意识到，为觉察到
depend on 依靠
in addition 除…以外（还）
grand total 总计，共计
in front of 在…前面（外部）
in the front of 在…前面（内部）
be bad for 对…有坏处
be good for对…有好处
talk to sb. 和某人交谈
look forward to(介词)+ nVing 盼望，talk about sth. 谈论某事
期待
be made of 由 …制成
stop sb. from doing sth.
阻止某人做某事
what about = how about + nVing
…怎么样?
how often 多久一次
be able to do sth. = can do sth.
能够干某事
be short of 缺少
 重点句型
1. What were the first computers like?
最初的计算机怎么样
39

2. What do you think of the computers, Frank?
弗兰克，你认为计算机怎么样？
3. How much time do you spend playing computer games every week?
每周你花多少时间玩电脑游戏？
扫一扫，听课文
 课文翻译
Smaller and better
In the1940s, the first computers were bigger than cars. Now computers are becoming
smaller and better.
Some computers are tiny. You may be unaware of them. There is probably one inside
your TV or washing machine. You depend on computers more than you realize.
What can we do with computers?
We can use computers to calculate. They can calculate at a faster speed than we can
and almost never give wrong answers. We can also type and draw things with them. In
addition, computers can do important jobs like operating railways and flying planes
and spaceships.
Is a computer cleverer than me?
The answer is “No”. Your brain can produce new ideas but computers cannot.
However, one day computers may be able to a better job than human beings. For
example,they may be better than doctors at doing their job.
What will happen to us if computers can do all our jobs? Will we have nothing to
do?Computers may change our lives, but will they make them better?
越小越好
在20世纪40年代，第一台计算机比汽车大。现在计算机变得越来越小，越来越
好。
有些电脑很小。你可能没留意到他们。你的电视机或洗衣机里可能有一个。你依
赖计算机比你知道的更多。
我们能用电脑做什么？
40

我们可以用电脑来计算。他们能以比我们更快的速度计算，而且几乎从不给出错
误的答案。我们也可以 用它们打字和画东西。此外，计算机可以做重要的工作，
如运营铁路，驾驶飞机和宇宙飞船。
电脑比我聪明吗？
答案是“不”。你的大脑可以产生新的想法，但计算机不能。然而，总有一 天，
计算机可以比人类更好地工作。例如，他们可能比医生做的工作更好。
如果计算机能完成 我们所有的工作，我们会怎么样？我们没有什么可做的吗？电
脑可能会改变我们的生活，但会使生活更好 吗？
 知识点解析
 词汇精讲

order作及物动词，意为“点菜，订购”。其后可接双宾语，即order sb. sth. = order
sth. for sb.
例如：
I want to order you a suit. = I want to order a suit for you. 我想给你订套衣服。
【拓展】
(1) order作动词，意为“命令，指挥，要求”。例如：
The police ordered them to wait right there. 警察命令他们就在那里等待。
(2) order作名词，意为“顺序，次序；命令，指示或点菜”。例如：
Please put these sentences in the correct order. 请按正确的顺序排列这些句子。
She gave orders for the work to be started. 他命令开始工作。
May I take your order? 可以点菜吗？

2. seem
（1）seem是系动词，它的意思是“似乎，仿佛”，后面用that或者as if引导的从
句作表语，主语常用it。例如：
It seems as if it is going to rain. 天好像要下雨。
41

It seems that he likes his new job. 他看起来很喜欢他的新工作。
（2）seem的后面还可用“动词不定式、名词、现在分词、过去分词或者to be+
形容词”作表语。例如：
He seems to laugh at us. 他仿佛在嘲笑我们。
He seems（to be） ill.他似乎病了。

3. compare
（1）compare作动词，意为“比较，对照”，常与with连用。例如：
Compare your answers with those at the back of the book to see if they are right.
把你的答案同书后面的答案对照一下，看看是否正确。
My handwriting can’t be compared with my father’s.
我的书法不能与我父亲的相比。
If you compare the two books, you will see this one is better.
如果你比较一下这两本书，你会发现这一本好一些。
(2) compare作动词，还用作比喻意义，意为“比作”。例如：
Man’s life is often compared to a candle.
人生常被比为蜡烛。
Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.
莎士比亚把人世比作舞台。

l
(1) control作名词，意为“控制，支配”。例如：
He lost control of his car. 他的汽车失控了。
Some teachers have more control over pupils than their parents have.
有的老师比小学生的父母更能管得住他们。
He was working hard to keep control of himself.
他正努力克制自己。
（2）control作动词，意为“控制，掌控”。例如：
42

He controlled his anger and left the school.
他压住怒火离开了学校。
At that time the Romans controlled a vast empire.
那时罗马人统治着一个很大的帝国。
（3）固定搭配in control of，意为“掌管，掌控”。例如：
Nobody knows who is in control of the club.
没人知道是谁掌管着这家俱乐部。
In the West, people feel more in control of their own lives.
在西方，人们感觉个人生活更自如一些。


depend意思为“依靠、依赖、取决于”等，只用作不及物动词，通常与介词 on, upon
连用，主要用法有：
（1) depend onupon＋某人或某物 例如：
Whether we’ll go camping depends on the weather.
我们是否去野营要看天气。
Children depend on their parents for food and clothing.
儿童的衣食靠父母。
（2) depend on [upon]＋从句 例如：
Our success depends on whether everyone works hard or not.
我们的成功取决于每个人是否努力。
The amount you pay depends on where you live.
你付多少钱要看你住什么地方。
（3)口语中说 It (all) depends. That depends.意为“那要看情况”。 例如：
—Are you going too? 你也去吗?
—That depends. 那要看情况。

6. operate
（1）operate作不及物动词，意为“运作;营业；产生效果”。例如：
43

The machine is not operating properly. 机器运转得不正常。
His company operates in several countries. 他的公司在几个国家有业务活动。
The medicine operated quickly. 这药很快起了作用。
（2）operate作不及物动词，还意为“动手术”，后接介词on。例如：
The doctors decided to operate on him for the tumor.
医生们决定为他开刀切除肿瘤。
（3）operate作及物动词，意为“操作;开动(机器)等”。例如：
Who operates that machine? 那台机器由谁操作?

7. popular
（1） popular作形容词，意为“流行的，受人欢迎的”。常用短语为be popular with，
意为“受……的欢迎”。例如：
The most popular sport is football. 最流行的运动是足球。
He is popular with our classmates. 他在我们班里有人缘。
(2）popular作形容词，意为“民众的;大众的”。例如：
Popular education is one of our major objectives. 民众教育是我们的主要目标之
一。
He speaks in popular language. 他用通俗的语言讲话。
【拓展】
popularity作名词，意为“普及,流行;大众化”。例如：
Golf has gained popularity among the wealthy in my country.
高尔夫球已在我国富有的人中流行起来。
The popularity of private cars is changing the people’s life style.
私家车的普及正在改变着人们的生活方式。

8. be bad for
be bad for意为“对……有害”，其反义词组为be good for，意为“对……有好处；
对……有益”。其中be动词有人称和数的变化。例如：
Smoking is bad for your health. 吸烟有害健康。
44

Don’t eat too much sweet. It’s bad for your teeth. 不要吃太多的糖，对牙齿不好。
【拓展】
(1) be good for意为“对……有好处，对……有益处”，介词for后接名词或代词。
例如：
Junk food is not good for our health. 垃圾食品对我们的健康没有好处。
Swimming is good for our health. 游泳对我们的健康有益。
(2) be good to“对……好”，其反义短语为be bad to“对……不好”。介词to之后一
般接表示人的名词或代词。例如：
She is very good to us. 她对我们很好。
The boss is bad to his workers. 那个老板对他的工人不好。

9. look forward to
look forward to 意思是“期待，盼望”，to是介词，后面接名词或者动名词。例如：
I look forward to being alone in the house.
我盼望能自己一人在这所房子。
We look forward to the return of spring.
我们期待着春天的到来。
【拓展】
虽然介词to与动词不定式符号to在形式上相同，但用法各异。主要区别归纳如
下：
(1）介词to表示“向、往、对于 ” 等，既可以指时间、方向、距离、对象或结果，
又可 以指程度、直接或间接关系，后面必须接名词、代词等构成介词短语。例如：
Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国的东面。
Let’s drink to his health. 让我们为他的健康干杯。
He tied the monkey to the tree. 他把猴子拴在树上。
(2) 动词不定式符号to无词义，后面必须接动词原形，构成不定式短语。例如：
To play computer games is wrong. 玩电脑游戏是错误的。
My job is to teach English.我的工作是教英语。
I wish to go there. 我希望去那儿。
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10. such as
(1) such as意为“例如”，用来“罗列”同类人或物中的几个例子，可置于被列举的
事物与前面的名词之间，但such as后边不能用逗号。例如：
Many of the English programs are welcome, such as Follow Me, Follow Me to
Science.
其中有许多英语节目很受欢迎，例如《跟我学》《跟我学科学》。
English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia, Canada and so on.
许多国家说英语，如澳大利亚和加拿大等。
【拓展】
for example也意为“例如”，但是强调“举例”说明，而且一般只举同类人或物中的
一个作为插入语，且用逗号隔开。for example可置于句首、句中或句末。
例如：
There are many kinds of pollution, for example, noise is a kind of pollution.
有许多种污染方式，例如噪音就是一种污染。
Many students like playing computer games，for example，Mike.
许多学生喜欢玩电脑游戏，比如迈克。
词汇精练
I. 英汉词组互译。
1. 依靠_________ 2. be short of_________
3. 没意识到_________ 4. in addition_________
5. ……中的一个________ 6. work as________
7. 盼望，期待_______ 8. be made of________
9. 记笔记________ 10. grand total________
II. 根据首字母或汉语提示补全句子。
1. If you c _______ the two books，you’ll see this one is better.
2. She _______(订购) herself three new sweaters just now.
3. How do you ________(运转) this machine？
4. We shouldn’t d_______ too much on our parents.
46

5. If you want to write fast, you must learn to ______(打字).
6. This switch c________ the heating.
7. What was the p_______of the new car?
8. Mr Jones works for a _______(公司) which makes cars.
9. The song has become very p________.
10. Ann _______(卖) me her old piano last week.
III.用括号中所给词的适当的形式填空。
1. Which is ______(big) ,the earth or the moon?
2. The song is _______(popular) than that one, I think.
3. Tom, you’re too fat! You must take _____(much) exercise and eat _____(little)
meat.
4. My father often helps my mother _____(cook)
5. Would you like ______(come) over to my house for dinner?
6. If you don’t hurry, you ______ (be) late.
7. I don’t know how _______(operate) the car.
8. They spent one hour _______ (do)their homework.
9. We are looking forward to _______(meet) you.
10. It’s not easy for us ______ (learn) English.
IV.根据提示写出电脑各部件的名称。
1._________ can show you words and pictures
2. We use the ______ for typing.
3. The “brain” of a computer is in the ________.
4. We move the _______ to control the computer.
5. We hear sound from the _______.

【参考答案】
I. 英汉词组互译。
on 2.缺少 unaware of 4.除……以外
5. one of... 6.从事……工作 7. look forward to 8.由……制成
47

9. make notes 10.总计，共计
II. 根据首字母或汉语提示补全句子。
e d e
ls 8. company 9. popular
III.用括号中所给词的适当的形式填空。
2. more popular 3. more, less cook
come 6. will be operate
9. meeting 10. to learn
IV.根据提示写出电脑各部件的名称。
r rd unit rs

 句式精讲
we have nothing to do？
nothing to do是不定式作定语，动词不定式作定语须放在被它修饰的名词或代词
之后。被修饰的名词或代词往往是不定式的逻辑宾语。例如：
I have a lot of work to do. 我有许多要做的工作。
Have you anything to send?
你有什么东西要寄吗？
He has something to say to you. 他有话对你讲。
【拓展】
（1）动词不定式作主语。不定式短 语作主语时，为了保持句子的平衡，往往以
it作形式主语，而把不定式短语置于谓语动词之后。 例如：
To talk with him is a great pleasure. 和他谈话很快乐。
It’s nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音太好了。
（2）动词不定式作表语。 例如：
Her wish is to become an artist. 她的愿望是成为一名艺术家。
（3）动词不定式作宾语。常用于及物动词: want , hope, wish, like, need, hate, offer,
prefer, begin, start, attempt, decide, refuse ,afford, manage等词后。例如：
I want to buy a bike. 我想买一自行车。
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You should continue to learn as long as you live.
你应该活到老，学到老。

2....but it works at much faster speed than my old one.
...much faster...than是副词比较级句型，意为“比……快多了”。修饰形容词 和副词
比较级的词要用much, a lot, a little, a bit, far等，very不能和比较级连用。例如：
The blouse I bought yesterday is a little less expensive.
昨天我买的衬衣比较便宜。
To play basketball is far more enjoyable to the boy.
打篮球对于男孩子来说要有趣得多。
【拓展】
（1）形容词副词比较级 + than 句型 ，在than 后面的人称代词用主格或宾格
均可。但是如果人称代词后有动词时，则只能用主格形式。例如：
He is older than I me. 他比我年龄大。
Tom found more red leaves than I did. 汤姆找到的红叶子比我多。

were the first computer like？
What...be like...这个句式常用来询问人的性格特征，这里的be like意为“像……一
样”，like是介词。例如：
—What is the old man like? 那个老人怎么样？
—He is kind. 他很和蔼。
【拓展】
What doesdo . look like? 这个句式常询问某个人或物的外貌特征。例如：
—What does the old man look like? 那个老人长得怎么样？
—He is short and thin. 他又矮又瘦。
4. The red one costs ¥2,500, and it’s made of leather.
be made of 意为“由……制成”。例如：
The desk is made of wood. 这张桌子是由木头制成的。
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【拓展】
短语
be made of
be made from
be made in
例如：
These bottles are made of glass. 这些瓶子是由玻璃制成的。
Wine is made from grapes. 红酒是葡萄酿的。
This car is made in Tianjin. 这辆车是在天津制造的。
在（某地）制造
含义
由……制成
用法
强调制成品能看出原材料
强调制成品一般看不出或难以分辨出原材料
强调物品的产地

5. ... work together to stop students from spending too much
time....
stop somebodysomething from doing something表示“阻止某人做某事或者阻止某
事发生”。
例如：The trees and grasses can stop the wind from blowing the earth away.
树和草可以阻止风把土吹走。
We must stop him from going to swim in the river.
我们必须阻止他去游泳。
【拓展】
动词stop的后面可以用动词不定式也可以用动名词作宾语。stop doing表示“停止
正在做的事情”；stop to do表示“停下来开始做”的意思。例如：
Now let’s stop reading. 现在咱们停止读书。
Our teacher stopped to look at the boy. 老师停下来看了看那个男孩。

句式精练
I.根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1.面包是由小麦制成的。
The bread _______ _______ ______wheat.
50

2. 北京的天气怎么样？
_______is the weather________?
3. 我觉得她想要回家。
It seems to me that she _______ _______ _______ _______back home.
4. 我想知道什么阻止了他来这。
I wonder what ________ _______ _______ _______here.
5. 你拥有的越多，想要的也就越多。
_______ ______ you have, ______ _______ you want.
6.她是三个女孩子最高的。
She is _______ _______ of the three girls.
7.她是我们班最小的学生之一。
She is ________ ________ the youngest ________in my class.
8. 在太阳下读书对你的眼睛不好。
It’s _______ _______ your eyes to read in the sun.
9. 我有很多爱好，如读书，跳舞和唱歌。
I have many hobbies ______ _______ reading, dancing and singing.
10. 今晚我有许多作业要做。
Tonight I will have lots of homework ________ _______.
II. 阅读短文，根据首字母提示补全单词，使短文通顺完整。
Most American families are smaller than the families in o 1 countries. Most
American families e 2 have one or two children.
C 3 in the US will leave their parents’ home when they grow up. They usually
live far f 4 their parents because they want to find good jobs. They often w 5
to their parents or telephone them. And they often go to visit their parents on h
6 .
Parents usually let their children choose their o 7 jobs. Americans think it
important for young people to decide on their lives by themselves.
Children are asked to do some work around their house. And in many families,
children are paid (付钱)for d 8 some housework so that they learn how to make
money for their own use.
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Do you often help y 9 parents do housework? Do you want to live with your
parents w 10 you grow up ?
III.补全对话。
A: Hello, could I speak to Linda?
B: 1 .
A: Hi, Linda, it’s Judy here. I called you at seven and you didn’t pick up.
2 ?
B: I was taking a shower at that time.
A: I see. What are you going to do this weekend?
B: 3 . I don’t have any plans.
A: 4 ?
B: Science Museum? No, I haven’t.
A: Would you like to go with me?
B: 5 . When and where shall we meet?
A: Let’s meet at the school gate at eight on Saturday morning.
B: That’s a deal.
【参考答案】
I.根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. is made from , like like to go
d him from coming 5. The more，the more
tallest 7. one of , students for 9. such as 10. to do
II. 阅读短文，根据首字母提示补全单词，使短文通顺完整。
1. other 2. each 3. Children 4. from 5. write
6. holiday 7. own 8. doing 9. your 10. when
III. 从方框里选择填入对话相应空白处的适当选项。
1. This is is Linda speaking.
2. What were you doing at that time?
g much.
you ever been to Science Museum? Have you been to Science Museum
before?
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5. (Sure Yes,)I’d love to.I’d like to.
 更多习题
一 根据首字母填空
dress is too e for me to buy.
you want,we can o it for you.
does your bike c with mine?
not worry ，everything 's under c .
these waste materials can s for money .
c offered the job to someone else.
drove off at high s .
二 根据中文提示完成句子。
1. 我期盼再与你工作. I with you
again.
2. 他们觉得这是能让他们在朋友中变得受欢迎的很重要的方式
They feel that this is important to their friends.
3.你可能不太会注意到它。
You are unlikely to it.
4.他昨天发生车祸了。
An accident him yesterday.
5.他现在在医院做医生。
He a doctor in this hospital.
6.他除了英语之外,也会说法语
He speaks French English.
答案：一、ive e l
y
二、 looking forward to working popular among unaware of
ed to as addiction to as well as
重点语法讲解
53

【常考知识清单一】
形容词的用法及位置
说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态，
常用来修饰名词或不定代词的词叫形容词。
1．作定语，放在名词之前，不定代词之后。
The beautiful girl is my sister.
I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情告诉你。
2．作表语，放在系动词之后.
Our school is big and clean.
I felt terrible this morning.我今天早上感觉不舒服。
3．作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后。
You must keep your eyes closed.你必须闭上眼睛。
I find it hard to travel around the big city.
4.某些形容词放在定冠词之后，变成名词，表示一类人。
常见词有goodbad, richpoor, youngold, deafblind, blackwhite, livingdead
等。
The rich should help the poor.富人应该帮助穷人。
The young should be polite to the old.年轻人应该对老年人有礼貌。
【常考知识清单二】
形容词比较等级的构成：原级、比较级和最高级
（一）规则变化
类别 构成方法
单音
节词
和少
数双
音节
词
i，再加-er, -est
重读闭音节结尾满足辅元

原级
long
tall
late
large
比较级
longer
taller
later
larger
easier
happier
bigger
最高级
longest
tallest
latest
largest
easiest
happiest
biggest
一般直接加-er, -est
不发音的e结尾时加-r, -st
辅音字母加y结尾时把y变
easy
happy
big
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辅结构双写最后的辅音字
母，再加-er, -est
多音
节词
和部
分双
音节
词
（二）不规则变化
原级
goodwell
manymuch
badill
little
far
比较级
better
more
worse
less
在原级前加more, most
hot hotter hottest
careful more careful most careful
beautiful more beautiful most beautiful
最高级
best
most
worst
least
farthest（最远） farther（较远，指距离上的）
further（进一步，指程度上的） furthest（最大程度）
older
elder（较年长的）
oldest
eldest（最年长的）
old

【常考知识清单三】
形容词原级用法
1．说明人或事物自身的特征、性质和状态时用形容词原级。
The flowers in the garden are beautiful.
2.有表示绝对概念的副词very, so, too, enough, quite等修饰时用形容词原
级。
The boy is too young.
3.表示A与B在某一方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级。
（1）肯定句中的结构：“A…+as+形容词+as+B”
English is as interesting as Chinese.英语和语文一样有趣。
55

Xiao Ming is as tall as Jim.
（2）否定句中的结构：“A…+asso+形容词原级+as+B”
This book isn’t as new as that one.这本书不如那本书新。
I am not so careful as Lucy.我没有露西仔细。
（3）表示“A是B的……倍”时，用“ A…+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B”结构。（一
次：once,两次：twice,三次以上： 数字+times.
Our school is three times as big as theirs.我们学校是他们学校的三倍。
This table is twice as long as that one.这张桌子是那张桌子的两倍长。
【常考知识清单四】
形容词比较级用法
1．表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级，
其结构为“A…+比较级+than+B”。
Li Li’s room is bigger than mine.
This mooncake is nicer than that one.
注意：为了避免重复，在从句中常用the one, that, those等词来替代前面出
现过的名词事项人中the one替代可数名词单数形式，the ones或those替代
可数名词复数形式，that替代不可数名词。
The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter.
2.有表示程度的副词a little, a bit, a few, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather,
any等修饰时，用形容词比较级。
I feel even worse now.
It is much colder today than before.
3.表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更……”时，
用句型“WhichWho is+形容词比较级，A or B?”表示。
Who is taller, Li Ming or Wang Tao?
Which sweater is more beautiful, the yellow one or the pink one?
4.表示“几倍于……”时，用“倍数+比较级+than”表示。
I am there years older than you.我比你大三岁。
5．表示“两者之间最……一个（of the two）”时，
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常用“the+比较级”结构。
Mary is the taller of the twins.
6.表示“越来越……”，用比较级重叠结构，
即“比较级+and+比较级”，多音节词和部分双音节词时用“more and more+形
容词原级”。
It’s getting warmer and warmer in spring.春天天气变行越来越暖和.
Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.
7. 表示“越……就越……”时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构。
The more we get together, the happier we’ll be.
【常考知识清单五】
形容词最高级用法。
1．表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。
形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the, 句末常跟一个inof短语来表示范围。
He is the strongest of the three boys.
Shanghai is the biggest city in China.
2．表示在三者或三者以上的人或物进行选择时，
用“whichwho is +the+最高级，A，B or C?” 结构。
Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing,Shanghai or Fuzhou?
3.表示“最……的……之一”时，用“one of the+形容词最高级”结构，
该形容词后面的名词要用复数形式。
Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers.
周杰伦是最受欢迎的歌星之一．
4．形容词最高级前面可以加序数词，表示“第几最……”
Chang Jiang is the first longest river in China.
长江是中国第一大长河。
5．形容词最高级和序数词前面可以有物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格等
修饰，
但此时不能再用定冠词the.
This is our last lesson today. 这是我们的最后一节课。
57

Yesterday was his busiest day. 昨天是他最忙的一天。
my first birthday 我的第一个生日
Tom’s eight birthday Tom的第八个生日
 习题
一、写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级
____ ____ ____ ____
3. fine____ ____ 4. big ____ ____
5. easy____ ____ 6. hot ____ ____
7. early____ ____ 8. brave ____ ____
9. beautiful____ ____ 10. important ____ ____
二、选择填空
（ ）1. —Who will you ask to help with the work, Lucy or Lily?
—Lily. She is much ______.
A. careful B. more careful C. most careful
（ ）2. —Do you know Shanghai is one of ______ in the world?
—Yes, it's bigger than ______ city in China.
A. the biggest city; any B. the biggest cities; any C. the biggest cities; any other
（ ）3. —Home is ____ place wherever you go.
—East or west, home is the best.
A. warm B. the warmest C. warmest
（ ）4. My father caught a big fish this morning, but I caught a ____ one. I feel
great!
A. smaller B. biggest C. bigger
（ ）5. —What do you think of the movie Zootopia?
—It is ____ one I've ever seen.
most exciting exciting most excited
（ ）6. The earlier kids learn to be independent, the ____ it is for their future.
A. good B. best C. better
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（ ）7. —I think it's necessary to learn how to work in groups.
—I quite agree. Sometimes it's even ____ than grades.
A. less important B. more important C. the most important
（ ）8. ____ you speak, ____ your English will be.
A. The less; the more B. The more; the better C. The less; the better
（ ）9. —The temperature is 30℃ today. I prefer staying in to going out.
—It will be ____ tomorrow. The temperature will reach 35℃.
A. colder B. hotter C. hottest
（ ）10. This temple is one of ____ buildings in the town. We must take action to
protect it.
A. the oldest B. older C. oldest
三、用所给词的正确形式填空：
1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _______ (clever).
2. John’s parents have four daughters, and she is the _____ (young) child.
sister is two years _______ (old ) than I.
boy is not so ______ (interesting) as his brother.
Changjiang River is one of the _______ (long) rivers in China.
is a little ___________ (beautiful) than her sister.
room is not as _________ (big) as my brother' s.
四、根据汉语提示完成句子
1 他很饿，又吃了两片面包。
He was hungry and ate ______ ______ pieces of bread.
2 我期待着参观故宫
I’m______ ______ ________ ______ the Palace Museum.
3 非常感谢你能来参加我的生日聚会
Thanks very much ______ _______ to my birthday party.
4 他立刻匆匆忙忙的跑出去，一句话也没有说。
He hurried out immediately _____ _____ a word.
5 让我们停下来休息一会儿。
Let’s_____ _____ ____ a rest.
59

五、完形填空。
There are all kinds of machines. They 1 in many different ways. One kind of
machine is called a computer. A computer can do many things. A computer can
do math problems. People can do math problems. But they cannot do it 2 a
computer.
Computers remember things. Computers can’t forget 3 people tell them. People
cannot remember as many things as computers. Computers help tell 4 the weather
will 5. Computers help fly rockets and spaceships.
There are 6 of ways computers are used. They are used in thousands of
ways. 7 they are not always used in the same way. Some computers do
just 8 things. Some computers can do a lot of things. There are 9 computers.
There are big computers. There may be computers in your school. Do you 10 how
to use them?
( )1．A．use B．are used C．are using D．will use
( )2．A．faster than B．as fast as
C．more quickly than D．so big as
( )3．A．something B．that C．everything D．things
( )4．A．which B．where C．what D．why
( )5．A．be like B．be C．look D．feel
( )6．A．all B．many C．a lot D．only some
( )7．A．But B．And C．When D．Though
( )8．A．a little B．little C．few D．a few
( )9．A．large B．huge C．good D．small
( )10．A．get B．talk C．make D．know

习题参考答案
一、,longest r, greatest ,finest , biggest
,easiest , hottest r,earliest , bravest
beautiful, most beautiful important, most important
60

二、1.B2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.B7.A 8.A 9.C 10.D
三、est st sting
t beautiful
四、 more g forward to visiting
coming t saying to take
五、1.B 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.D 9.D 10.D
Unit4 Inventions
 单词
词 形
advertisement
funny
create
telephone
wheel
comfortable
carriage
century
passenger
invent
practical
since
distance
词性
n
adj
v
n
n
adj
n
n
n
v
adj
prep
n
音 标
[ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt]
[ˈfʌni]
[kriˈeɪt]
[ˈtelɪfəʊn]
[wi:l]
[ˈkʌmftəbl]
[ˈkærɪdʒ]
[ˈsentʃəri]
[ˈpæsɪndʒə]
[ɪnˈvent]
[ˈpræktɪkl]
[sɪns]
[ˈdɪstəns]
中 文 意 思
广告
好笑的
创作，创造
电话机，电话
车轮
舒适的
四轮马车
世纪
乘客，旅客
创新，发明
实用的
从...开始
距离
61

mobile
anytime
develop
lamp
candle
daytime
dust
special
wing
introduction
instead of
petrol

n
adv
v
n
n
n
n
adj
n
n
n
n
[ˈməʊbaɪl]
['enɪˌtaɪm]
[dɪˈveləp]
[læmp]
[ˈkændl]
[ˈdeɪtaɪm]
[dʌst]
[ˈspeʃl]
[wɪŋ]
[ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃn]
[ɪnˈsted]
[ˈpetrəl]
手机
在任何时候
开发,研制
灯
蜡烛
白天
灰尘，尘土
特别的
机翼，翅膀
引言
替换，顶替
汽油
 短语
d of取代,替代
bulb电灯泡
sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事
a better life过更好的生活
the day time在白天
e doing sth想象做某事
noise制造噪音
…off使……远离
the early 19th century在19世纪初期 front of在……的前面
history在历史上
the start of在……初期
then从那以后
other彼此
ns of数百万的
62
the same time同时
20..throw away扔掉
into变成
now现在
the time一直

phone手机
sb to do sth允许某人做某事
in touch with与……保持联系
a mess弄得一团糟
to导致，引起
the help of在……的帮助
 重点句型
its invention, travelling became faster and more comfortable.
在它发明之后，旅游就变得更快更舒服了。
2. In the early 19
th
century, the first trains began to carrypassengers.
在19世纪早期，第一批火车开始载客。
3. At the start of the 20
th
century, cars became popular.
在20世纪初，小汽车变得流行起来。
4. Since then, people have been able to speak each other over long distances.
自从那时起，人们就能和很遥远的人彼此通话。
5. They allow people to keep in touch with each other anytime, anywhere.
他们允许人们随时随地保持联系。
6. With light bulb, people can do as many things in the evening as they can in the
daytime.
有了灯泡，人们可以在晚上做与白天一样多的事。
扫一扫，听课文

 课文翻译
Great inventions

Great inventions change the world. They help people live a better life. The following
are three of the most important inventions in history.
The wheel
The wheel is perhaps the greatest invention in its invention, travelling
became faster and more comfortable. A few thousand years ago, people started to use
wheels on carriages. In the early19th century, the first trains began to carry passengers.
63

At the start of the20th century, cars became popular. Without the wheel, we would not
have these inventions.
The telephone
Alexander Graham Bell invented one of the first practical telephones in 1876. Since
then, people have been able to speak to each other over long distances. Today millions
of people across the world own mobile phones. They allow people to keep in touch
with each other anytime, anywhere.
The light bulb
Thomas Edison developed the first practical light bulb in1879. Before the invention of
the light bulb, people had to use oil lamps, gas lamps or candles to see at night. With
light bulbs, people can do as many things in the evening as they can in the daytime.
Can you imagine living without them?
伟大的发明
伟大的发明改变世界。他们帮助人们过上更好的生活。以下是历史上最重要的三
项发明。
车轮
轮子也许是历史上最伟大的发明。在发明之后，旅行变得更快更舒适。几千年前，人们开始在马车上装上轮子。十九世纪初，第一列火车开始载客。二十世纪初，
汽车开始流行起来。 没有轮子，我们就不会有这些发明。
电话
亚历山大.格拉汉姆.贝尔在1876年发明了 第一个实用电话。从那时起，人们就能
够长距离地互相交谈。今天，世界上有数百万人拥有手机。它们允 许人们在任何
时间、任何地点与彼此保持联系。
灯泡
托马斯.爱迪生在1879 年发明了第一个实用灯泡。在灯泡发明之前，人们必须在
夜间使用油灯、煤气灯或蜡烛照明。有了灯泡， 人们可以在夜晚尽可能做跟白天
一样多的事情。你能想象没有他们的生活吗？
64

 知识点解析
to advertisements for four funny inventions.
听四则有趣发明的广告.
(1).advertisement n.广告(可数) ad 缩写 advertise v.做广告，登广告
They will put an advertisement in the newspaper.
(2).funny adj.可笑的；滑稽的
You’re an extremely funny man.
你是一个非常滑稽的人。
fun与funny的区别:
fun与funny都可以作形容词，但它们的意思不同,fun意为有趣的
funny意为滑稽的, fun还可以作名词,意为乐趣,有趣的事物.
a short article about a new invention that you will create.
写一篇有关你要创造的一项新发明的短文.
(1)create v.创作,创造 creation n.创造物,作品 creator n.创造者
creative adj.有创造力的 creativity n.创造力
试翻译：这个创造者创作了这个作品，他很有创造力。
The creator created the creation ,he is creative.
【辨析】 create 和 make
create 创造,创作 创造出原来并不存在的东西
He created a new idea. 他创造了一个新想法.
make 创造,制作 通过工作制造出某种东西
The workers make the watch in the factory.工人们在工厂制造手表.
one n.电话,电话机缩写形式是phone mobil phone移动电话,手机
I don’t have a telephone.我没有一部电话.
telephone v.给……打电话
I telephone my grandpa every week.我每周给爷爷打电话.
给某人打电话的表达：
①telephone phone sb I often telephone phone my mother about my study.
②call sb please call me.
65

③give sb a call I gave my father a call yesterday.
④make a telephone call to sb My friends often make a telephone call to me.
its invention, traveling became faster and more comfortable.它发明后旅行变
得更快更舒适了.
comfortable adj.舒适的,其比较级是more comfortable.
comfortably adv.舒适地 uncomfortable adj.使人不舒服的
A home should be comfortable and friendly. 家应该让人感觉到舒适、亲切的.
the early 19th century....在19世纪早期
century n.世纪(可数) in the+序数词+century 在…世纪
in the early 19th century = at the start of the 19th century.
在19世纪初 in the late 19th century = at the end of the 19th century.
在19世纪末 He was the most famous writer in the 19th.他是19世纪最著名的作
家.
der Graham Bell invented one of the first practical telephones in 1876.
Alexander Graham Bell在1876年发明了第一批可用的电话之一.
(1)invent v.发明 invention.n发明物 inventor n.发明家
invent与discover invent发明指客观上没有，发明以前未曾有过的东西，如新发
明的使用工具，
方法 discover 发现 指发现客观已存在，但是不为人知的东西或者事情；
Gilbert discovered electricity,but Edison invented the electric light bulb.
(2)practical adj.实用的
拓展：practice 练习 n
practise 练习 v
Our clothes are lightweight, fashionable and practical for holidays. 我们的服装轻便,
时尚，并且很适合度假穿。
Edison developed the first practical light bulb in 1879.
爱迪生在1879年发明了第一批可用的电灯
develop v.发展,开发,研发 We need to develop solar energy.我们需要开发太阳
能。
66

拓展： development 发展n
developed 发达的 adj developing 发展中的 adj
发达国家：a developed country 发展中国家：a developing country
allow people to keep in touch with each other anytime, anywhere.它们容许人
们在任何时候，在任何地点彼此保持联系。
1)allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
allow doing是某人允许做某事
We don't allow smoking in our house. 在我们家里不容许吸烟。
They allow their children to go to the park.他们允许孩子们去公园。
2)keep in touch with sb=stay in touch with 和某人保持联系
Do you still keep in touch with your parents after you leave them?
你离开父母以后还经常与他们保持联系吗？
light bulbs,people can do as many things in the evenings as they can in the
daytime.
用电灯,人们在晚上做和明天一样多的事情.
as many+复数名词+as one can 和…一样多的…
You can borrow as many books as he can.你可以和他借一样多的书.
new cars made loud noises and frightened them.
这些新汽车发出很大的噪音，让他们感到害怕。
make noises意思是：发出噪音，弄出生音；
也可以用make a noise
例如：不要弄出声音，你爸爸正在睡觉。
Don’t make noises, your father is sleeping .
辨析：noise ，voice， sound
noise
voice
sound
指吵闹、喧哗声，往往是不和谐，不悦耳的声音
多指人和动物的嗓音.
指人所能听到的自然界中的一切声音
Please don’t make noises in class.请不要在课堂上制造噪音。
She often talks in a low voice. 她经常小声说话。
67

11. Keep the dust off your shoes.使你的鞋子远离灰尘.
keep off (使)不接近;远离
Keep the children 's dangerous here! 别让孩子们靠近, 这儿危险!
Kongming Lantern led to the invention of the hot-air balloon.孔明灯引起了
热气球了发明.
lead to 导致，引起. The mistake led to a big fire.
lead sb to sp.带领某人去某地 Please lead me to your school.
 习题
一、用所给词的适当形式填空及根据首字母填空。
is an (invent),he (invent)lots of (invent).
2. She was (born) in China.
3. She (realize) she was wrong yesterday.
4. The (price) is so high, it is so (expensive) .
5. Surfing the internet is (popular) among teenagers.
6. The idea is (practice), we will take this diet.
7. This toy is (special) ,and I have never seen it before.
8. She created many famous works,and she was .(create)
二、完成句子
1. 自那以后,我就已经学会照顾自己.
, I have learnt to take care of myself.
2. 我们已经三年没有联系了.
We each other for
three years.
3.请远离毒品,学会保护自己.
Please drugs, and learn to protect yourself.
4.我们很相爱,同时,我们互相照顾对方.
We love each other, we take good care
of each other.
68

5.白天工作，晚上休息.
Work ,and rest at night.
三、单项选择
1. We _______ be rude to our parents.
B. ought to not D. ought not to
2. I would like _____ an English song for you.
B. to sing g D. to singing
3.—Remember_____him about it when he comes back.
—Sure, I will.
B. to tell g D. to telling
denied_____the vase but she admitted ____ the vase.
steal, seeing ng, to see
steal, to see ng, seeing
Mei is even ____ at singing than dancing.
B. better C. best best
hou is one of _____ in the world.
biggest city est cities
t cities most crowded cities
7. I have taught English in this school _____ 1980. It was thirty years ago.
B. in C. since
8. –When _____ _____ to Australia?
--He _____ there for a month. He will be back tomorrow.
…gone; has gone …been; has been
…go; has been …go; has gone
9.____ poor child the boy is!
B. What a D. How a
10._____nice weather it is!
B. What a D. How a
11. LiuMing studies very _____, and he ____ watches TV at home.
; hardly hard hard hardly
69

is a _____cook. He can cook very ____.
; good well good well
13. In my home, meals ____ often ____ by my mother.
; cook cook cooked ; cooked
girl ____ lots of questions by the policeman yesterday.
ask B. is asked D. was asked
must ____before you leave the room.
turn off off turned off turned

习题参考答案
一、1. inventor, invented,inventions 2. born ed , expensive
5. popular 6. practical l 8. creative
二、1. Since then 2. haven't kept in touch with 3. keep off
4. in the same time 5. in the daytime
三、1-5 D B B D A 6-10 A C C B B 11-15 A B D D C













70

Unit5 Educational exchange
 单词
词 形
educational
exchange
culture
host
local
glad
guest
chopsticks
weekday
tour
fantastic
experience
tai chi
already
introduce
success
yet
respect

词性
adj
n
n
n
adj
adj
n
n
n
v
adj
n
n
adv
v
v
adv
v
音 标
[ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃənl]
[ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ]
[ˈkʌltʃə(r)]
[həʊst]
[ˈləʊkl]
[glæd]
[gest]
['tʃɒpstɪks]
[ˈwi:kdeɪ]
[tʊə(r)]
[fænˈtæstɪk]
[ɪkˈspɪəriəns]
['tai'dʒi:]

[ɔ:lˈredi]
[ˌɪntrəˈdju:s ]
[səkˈses]
[jet]
[rɪˈspekt]
71
中 文 意 思
有教育意义的
交流，互访
文化
主人
当地的
高兴的
客人，宾客
筷子
工作日
在...旅游
极好的
经历，经验
太极拳
已经，早已
使...初次了解
成功
尚未
尊重

 短语
1. educational exchange 教育交流
2. an exchange visit 一个交流参观
3. host family寄宿家庭
4. learn to use 学着用
5. at the weekend 在周末
6. place of interest 名胜古迹
7. a fantastic experience
一次极好的经历
8. at first 起初，起先
= in the beginning
9. so far 到目前为止，迄今为止
10. a bit of 小量
24. the rest of… …剩余部分
25. be friendly to sb. 对某人友好
make friends with sb 与某人交朋友
uce…to..
使…初次了解…
12. as well 也
13. keep in touch with 保持联系
14. take part in 参加
15. be the same as 与…相同

27. try to do sth. 尽力做某事
28. can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事
29. practice doing sth. 练习做某事

26. plan to do sth. 计划做某事
23. be glad to do sth. 很开心地做某事
16. come over(to…) (远距离) 从…到…
17. be proud oftake pride in以…为自豪
18. one and a half years=one year and a half
19. on time 准时in time 及时
20. get ready for sth. 为某事做准备
21. deal with 对待，处理
another=each other 彼此
 重点句型
1. Why not do......?
为什么不做…？
2. What do they think of the exchange visit?
72

他们认为这次交流访问怎么样？
3. The students spend the weekdays studying with Chinese students.
学生们与中国学生一起学习度过工作日。
4. They taught our students how to use chopsticks.
他们教我们的学生如何使用筷子。
5. I’m glad to be a guest in their home.
我非常开心地成为他们家的客人。


扫一扫，听课文

 课文翻译
An exchange visit is educational and interesting!
A group of British students from Wood park School in London are visiting
Xinhua Junior High School in Beijing on an educational exchange.
“I was very nervous at first,” says Sarah. “However, my host family are really
friendly. I’m glad to be a guest in their home. I’ve learnt to use chopsticks, and they’
re teaching me a little Chinese!”
The students spend the weekdays studying with Chinese students. At the
weekend, they tour around Beijing and visit places of interest with their host families.
“It’s been a fantastic experience so far,” says Eric. “ I’ve learnt a bit of t’
ai chi, and I really enjoy it. We’ve already learnt a lot about Chinese culture and
teachers have introduced us to Chinese painting as well. We’ll also tried
to paint some pictures ourselves! I haven’t had much success yet, but I’ll keep
trying.”
“I’ve made many new friends,” says Sarah.”I plan to keep in touch with them
when I return ’ll see one another soon because they’ll come over to the UK
for the second part of the exchange next month. I can’t wait!”
交流访问是教育意义的和有趣的！
一群来自伦敦伍德帕克学校的英国学生正在教育交流会上参观北京新华初
中。
73

“起初我很紧张，”莎拉说。“但是，我的寄宿家庭非常友好。我很高兴成
为他 们家的客人。我学会了用筷子，他们教我一点中文。”
学生们和中国学生周中一起学习。在周末，他们 环北京游览也和他们的寄宿
家庭一起参观名胜古迹。
“到目前为止，这是一次奇妙的经历，” 埃里克说。“我学了一点太极，我
真的很喜欢。我们已经学到了很多关于中国文化和历史的知识。老师也 给我们介
绍中国画。我们也试着自己画一些照片！我还没有取得多少成功，但我会继续努
力。

“我交了很多新朋友，”莎拉说，“我打算回家后和他们保持联系。我们很
快就会 见面的，因为他们下个月会到英国进行第二部分的交流。我等不及了！”
 知识点解析
1. I’ve learnt to use chopsticks , and they’re teaching me a little Chinese!
我学会使用筷子了，并且他们正在教我一些汉语。
a little 意思是“一点点，稍许 ”用来修饰不可数名词，表示数量，也可以修饰形
容词和副词的原级或比较级，表示程度。
辨析： a little , little , a few , few,a bit , a bit of

词汇
a little
用法
修饰不可
数名词
含义 例句
表示肯定，意There is a little water in the glass.
为“几个，一杯子里有点水。
些”
表示否定，意There is little water in the glass.
为“几乎没有” 杯子里几乎没有水。
表肯定，意为I have a few apples.我有几个苹果。
“几个，一些”
表否定，“几I have few apples.我几乎没有苹果。
乎没有”
表示肯定，意After a long walk, I felt a bit tired.
为“有点儿” 长途跋涉以后，我有点累了。
表示肯定，意
为“几个，一
些”
There is a bit of food left for lunch.
午饭只能吃剩下的一点食品了。
74
little
a few
few
作副词，
修饰形容
词
a bit of 修饰不可
数名词

修饰可数
名词复数
a bit

随堂练习
用a little , little , a few , few填空。
1. 一点牛奶就够了。______ milk is enough.
2. 快点！没剩多少时间了。Hurry up! There is ______ time left.
3.妈妈给我买了些苹果。My mother bought me ______ apples.
4.他初来乍到，因此没有几个朋友。He is new here , so he has ______ friends.
答案：1.A little 3.a few
2. It’s been a fantastic experience so far , says Eric.
到目前为止，它是一次很棒的经历。埃里克说。
experience 此处作可数名词，意识是 “经历”，而这个单词在作 “经验”的意思
时，为不可数名词。
so far ,意思是“到目前为止”，多用于现在完成时。
随堂练习
1.做一名志愿者对我来说是一次有趣的经历。
It was _______ _______ _______for me to be a volunteer.
2.这个老师有很多处理青少年问题的经验。
The teacher has a lot _______dealing with the teenagers’ problems.
3.我已经见过很多动物了,到目前为止.
I have seen lots of animals .
4.我已经看了三本书到目前为止.
I three books .
答案： interesting experience ence far read so far
’ve also tried to paint some pictures ourselves!
我们自己也试着画了一些中国画。
try to do sth. 尽力做某事,其否定形式为try not to do sth. 尽力不要做某事

辨析：try to do sth. 与try doing sth.

try to do sth.
try doing sth.

尽力去做某事，不包含是否成功之意。
尝试做某事。
75

随堂练习
1.我尽力把英语学好。
I _____ _____ _____ English well.
2.他试着把这个难题算出来。
He _____ ______ out the math problem.
4.I haven’t had much success yet. but I’ll keep trying.
答案 to learn workingfiguring
我还没有太成功，但我会继续尝试。
(1)success名词，“成功，胜利“
【拓展】successful形容词,成功的 successfully 副词,成功地
succeed动词,成功 succeed in doing sth.成功地做某事

Don’t give up. You know hard work leads to _______（成功）.
(2)yet副词，“还，已经”，多用于现在完成时态的一般疑问句和否 定句末尾，
并可与not连用构成省略回答。
I haven’t heard from her yet. 我还没有收到她的信。
-- Have you finished your homework? 你完成你的家庭作业了吗？
-- Not yet. 还没有。
(3)keep doing sth.
继续做某事
相当于keep on doing sth.
【拓展】keep sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事
It’s not polite to keep guests waiting for you.
5. I plan to keep in touch with them when I return home.
plan此处用作动词，意为“计划” plan to do sth.计划做某事
plan还可作可数名词，意为“计划” make a plan plans制订计划
6. I can’t wait.
can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事
【拓展】
Can’t help doing sth.情不自禁地做某事，忍不住做某事
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I can’t help crying when I hear that my mother is ill.
7. A person who is invited to stay at another person’s home is a guest.
invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
invite sb. to +地点名词活动邀请某人去某地参加活动
They invited Jack to join their club.
I invited my teacher to my home yesterday.
She invited me to her birthday party.
【拓展】invitation可数名词，“邀请，请帖”
8. Tomorrow I’m going to take part in an exchange programme in London.
明天我将参加一个在伦敦的交流计划。
take part in 参加，多指参加一些集会性活动，如会议、劳动等。
辨析：take part in ,join , join in

take part in
join
多指参加群众性活动，具有暂时性特点。
指加入某党派、组织、军队或社会团体，并成为其中 一员，其后
也可以接人，意为“和某人一起做某事”
join in
指参加小规模的活动，如球赛，游戏，多用于日常口语: Join in
doing sth. 参加做某事。
随堂练习

用take part in ,join , join in填空。

1.你愿意参加我们的晚会吗？
Would you like to_______ _______ our party?
2.请加入我们吧。
Please _______ us.
3.我可以参加这个游戏吗？
May I _______ playing the game?

9. Listen to the conversation between Mr. Liu and the students.
听刘老师和学生之间的对话。
between …… and……
在……和……之间
77

辨析：between, among

between
among
随堂练习
1.银行和学校之间有家医院。
There is a hospital_________ the bank ______ the school.
2.这两本书之间有什么区别？
What is the difference _________ the two books?
3.高老师正坐在孩子们之间。
Miss Gao is sitting __________ the children.
4.这位歌手在年轻人中很受欢迎。
The singer is popular ______ the young people.
答案：n; and n
10. Arrive at the airport on time , please. 请按时到机场。
辨析：on time ,in time

on time
in time
随堂练习
1.火车会按时到达吗？
Will the train arrive _______ ______?
2.警察及时赶到了那里。
The police got there _______ ______.

四、语法专项

按时，准时
及时，常含有匆忙之意。
用于指两者之间
用于指三者或三者以上之间
现在完成时----必考
一、基本结构
havehas+动词过去分词(done)
二、句型
78

肯定句：主语+havehas+过去分词+其他
否定句：主语+havehas+not+过去分词+其他
一般疑问句：HaveHas+主语+过去分词+其他
简略答语:
肯定 Yes,主语 + havehas.
否定 No,主语 + haven'thasn't.
三、用法
（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果
例
I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)
Guo zijun has(justalready) come. (含义：郭子君现在在这儿)
My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)
（2）现在完成时可以用来表 示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行
为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for, since连用.
①for+时段
②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）
③since+时段+ago
④since+从句（过去时）
⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）
例
Mary has been ill for three days.
I have lived here since 1998.
四、has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别
HaveHas gone(to) :去了(还没回来)
例：Where is your father？He has gone to Shanghai.
HaveHas been (to) :去过（已经回来了）
例：My father has been to Shanghai.
Havehas been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）
例：My father has been in Shanghai for two months. since two months ago.
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五、现在完成时的标志
1、过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:
（1）以already, just和yet为标志
例
He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。
He has just seen the film. 他刚刚看过这场电影。
He hasn't come back yet. 他还没有回来。
（2）以ever和never为标志
例：Have you ever been to Beijing?你有去过北京吗？
This is the best film I have ever seen. 这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。
He has never been to Beijing.他从没有到过北京。

（3）以动作发生的次数为标志
例
He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。
（4）以so far（到目前为止）为标志
例
He has got to Beijing so far. 到目前为止他已到了北京。
She has passed the exam so far. 到目前为止她已经通过了考试。
2.过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在, 甚至有可能继续延续下去。
可以从动作“延续”的特性和“时间”点段的区分入手,进一步学习现在完成时。

英 语中的动词从词义上可以分为延续性和非延续性两种,在现在完成时态中
一定要注意动词这一特性,应将 这类非延续性动词转换为延续性动词。

英语中有些动词表示短暂的动作，没有持续性，即“一 发生就结束”的动作，这
类动词一般称为“非延续性动词”(亦叫瞬间动词)，在现在完成时中，不能同 表
示一段时间的状语或How long连用。常见的这类动词有：go, come, leave,arrive,
lose, join, borrow, die, begin. 这些动词如果要跟一段时间连用，必须改成相应的具
有延续性的词。主要一些动词变化形式如下：

非延续性动词 延续性动词
buy

现在完成时形式
He has had this motorcycle for two years.
80
have

borrow
leave
arrivereach
getmove
comego
beginstart
keep
be away
be inat
be inat
be on
She has kept this book for three weeks.
They have been away from home for two days.
Kitty has been in Hong Kong for a month.
My mum has been in Beijing for two months.
The film has been on for an hour.
The meeting has been over for two hours.
The lamb has been dead for some time.
Simon has been a member of the Football Club
since last year.
How long has your sister been a teacher?
The shop has been open for ten hours.
The market has been closed since 2010.
They have been married for fifteen years.
They have been up for two hours.
The lost cat has been back since last night.
The dog has been asleep for several hours.
The old man has been out since last Friday.
How long have you had a cold?
stopfinishend be over
die
join
become
open
close
get married
get up
come back
fall asleep
go out
catch a cold
be dead
be inbe a
member of
be
be open
be closed
be married
be up
be back
be asleep
be out
have a cold
表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时
当中不 能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，
不能说：
has come here for 2 weeks. × old man has died for 4 years. ×
have left only for 5 minutes. ×
以上三句话可以改为：
______ _______here for 2 weeks.
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old man has ______ _______ for 4 years.
have _____ _____ only for 5 minutes.
答案： been dead away
现在完成时常见的时间状语有：
for+一段时间；since+过去的某个时间；so far, yet, recently, overin the lastpast +
一段时间；（once, twice, ）three times, never, ever, up to now, these days
使用注意事项：
a) 非延续性动词可用于现在完成时，但不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用；
例
The train has arrived.火车到了。
The train has been here for two hours. 火车到这里已经两个小时了。
The boy has left. 那个男孩走了。
The boy has been away for two days. 那个男孩离开已经两天了。
b) 表示一段时间的时间状语一般为：
①How long…?
②for +一段时间；
③since+一点时间。
c) 非延续性动词的否定形式可以与一段时间连用。
例
He hasn’t left home for a month.
I haven’t seen you for a long time.
注意：
1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday, last week, three years
ago 等;
2)不能与when连用
3.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用
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 习题
一、【中考链接】
1.--Hello, this is Lily speaking. Could I speak to ?
--Sorry. He_____ the Xuanwu Lake Park．
A. has been to B. went to C. has gone to D. will go to
you like to see the film with me?
I'm sorry I _____ it twice.
A. see B. will see C. have seen D. am seeing
3. In the past few years there _____ great changes in my hometown.
A. have been B. were C. had been D. are
, will you go to see the film
No, I won't. I _____ it already.
A. saw B. have seen C. see see
二、选用have或has填空
1. I _____ visited the museum.
2. _____ you ever been to Beijing?
mother_____ made a lot of apple juice.
4. _____ he watched the film?
Brown_____ bought some bread and milk.
三、单项选择
( ) Smith isn’t in the office. She _____to the classroom.
A. has gone B. went C. will go D. goes
( )2. The students have cleaned the classroom, _____?
A. do they ’t they C. have they D. haven’t they
( ) _____ each other since2002.
A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew
( )4. Harry Potter is a very nice film. I _____ it twice.
A. will see seen C. seen D. see
( )5.—Has he _____used phone?
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---No, he hasn’t. He has _____ used a mobile phone.
A. ever; ever B. never; never C. ever; never D. never; ever
四、按要求写句子
1. The woman has found her bag.
(1) ______________________ (改为否定句)
(2) ______________________ (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
2. They have completed their homework.
(1) ______________________ (改为否定句)
(2) ______________________ (改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)
he cleaned the room?
(1) ______________________ (作肯定回答)
(2) ______________________ (写出肯定句)
they lost their way?
(1) ______________________ (作否定回答)
(2) ______________________ (写出否定句)
五、 以适当形式填空
1. I_______ already _______ (see) the film. I _________ (see) it last week.
2. ----- _______ he ________(finish) his work today ? ------Not yet .
3. -----_____you _______(be) to Hong Kong ? ----Yes, I ________________ (be)
there twice .
4. -----_______ you ever ________(eat ) chocolate sundaes ? ----No, never.
5. My father ____ just ________ (come) back from work. He is tired now.
6. Where’s Li Ming ? He ____________ (go) to the teacher’s office.
习题参考答案
一、1.C 2.C 3.A 4.B 二、1. have 4. Has
三、1.A 2.D 3.C 4.B5.C
四、1. 否定句：The woman hasn't found her bag.
疑问句：Has the woman found her bag? 肯定回答：Yes , she has.
2.否定句：They haven't completed their homework.
84

疑问句：Have they completed their homework？ 肯定回答Yes, they have.
3.肯定回答Yes, he has. 肯定句：He has cleaned the room.
4.否定回答No, they haven't. 否定句：They haven't lost their way.
五、1. have; seen , saw ; finished been; have been
; eaten come gone

Unit 6 Ancient stories
 单词
词 形
ancient
Trojan
词性
adj.
adj.
音 标
['eɪnʃ(ə)nt]
['trodʒən]
中 文 意 思
古代的
特洛伊的
n.特洛伊人
war
understand
difference
pyramid
captain
Greek
capture
soldier
huge
pull
n.
v.
n.
n.
n.
n.
v.
n.
adj.
v.
[wɔː]
[ʌndə'stænd]
['dɪf(ə)r(ə)ns]
['pɪrəmɪd]
['kæptɪn]
[grik]
['kæptʃə]
['səʊldʒə]
[hjuːdʒ]
[pʊl]
战争
懂；理解
差别
金字塔
首领
希腊人
攻占
士兵
巨大的
拖，拉动
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main
celebrate
stupid
midnight
empty
except
secret
side
quietly
army
enter
succeed
trick
prince
queen
steal
punish
scene
sir

adj.
v.
adj.
n.
adj.
prep.
adj.
n.
adv.
n.
v.
v.
n.
n.
n.
v.
v.
n.
n.
[meɪn]
['selɪbreɪt]
['stjuːpɪd]
['mɪdnaɪt]
['em(p)tɪ]
[ɪk'sept]
['siːkrɪt]
[saɪd]
['kwaɪətlɪ]
['ɑːmɪ]
['entə]
[sək'siːd]
[trɪk]
[prɪns]
[kwiːn]
[stiːl]
['pʌnɪʃ]
[siːn]
[sɜː]
主要的
庆祝
笨的；傻的
午夜；子夜
空的
除……之外
秘密的
侧面
安静地
陆军部队
进入
达到目的
计谋
王子
王后
偷
处罚
场
先生
86

 短语
out 将…表演出来
2. in ancient times 在古代
for 除….之外
10. have been to 去过某地
have gone to 去了某地
have been in 在某地
4. be full of = be filled with 大量的，许 a jokejokes about sbsth 拿…
多的，充满
the end 最后
6. come on 加油，加把劲
much 这么多
the future 将来，未来
in future从今，以后=from now on
of 想起，想到

开玩笑=laugh at
12. look down at 俯视
13. fill…with… 把 …装填充满
14. the differences between…and…
15. a ticket to… …的票
 重点句型
1. I have not laughed like this since my childhood.
我从小就没有这样笑过。
2. By midnight, the main square was empty, except for the huge horse.
到了午夜，除了这匹巨型木马之外，主广场空荡荡的。
3. They quietly climbed out of the horse one by one.
他们一个个悄悄地从木马里爬出来。
4. Only a few people know about this information.
只有少数人知道关于这个信息的情况。
5. The Greek army entered the city.希腊军队进了城。
6. In one night, however, they succeeded in capturing
it through a clever trick.
然而，在一个晚上，他们采取了一个聪明的计谋
成功地攻下了特洛伊城。

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 课文翻译

扫一扫，听课文

The Trojan horse
The capital stood on the high wall of the city of Troy. “The Greeks have gone
and we’ve won,” he said. “ They’ve tried to capture our city for ten years. Now
they’ve given up and sailed away!”
“But look over there,” a soldier said. “They’ve left a huge wooden horse.”
“Ah, yes,” the captain said, “it’s too big. The Greeks didn’t want to take it
with them. Get some help and pull it into the city.”
That night, in the main square of the city, all the Trojans celebrated. They sang
and danced around the horse, and made jokes about the stupid Greeks. “I haven’t
laughed like this since my childhood,” the captain said. After the party, they locked
all the gates of the city and then all went to sleep.
By midnight, the main square was empty, except for the hugehorse. Suddenly a
secret door opened on the side of the wooden horse. The horse was full of Greek
soldiers! They quietly climbed out of the horse one by one.
The soldiers opened the main gates. The Greek army entered the city.
For ten years, the Greeks could not capture the city by fighting. In one night,
however, they succeeded in capturing it through a clever trick .
特洛伊木马 首都矗立在特洛伊城的高墙上。“希腊人已经走了，我们赢了，”他说。“他
们试图占领我们的城市 十年。现在他们已经放弃并且远航了！”
“但是看看那边，”一个士兵说。“他们留下了一匹巨大的木马。”
“啊，是的，”首长说，“太大了。”希腊人不想把他们带走。帮忙把它拉
进城市。”
那天晚上，在城市的主广场上，所有的特洛伊人都在庆祝。他们在马周围唱
歌跳舞，取消愚蠢的希腊人 。“我从小到现在没有这么笑过，” 首长说。聚会
结束后，他们锁上了所有的城门，然后都睡着了。
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午夜时分，除了巨大的马，主广场是空的。突然，一个秘密门在木马的 侧面
打开了。那匹马满载希腊士兵！他们一个个地悄悄地从马上爬了出来。
士兵们打开了大门。希腊军队进城了。
十年来，希腊人无法通过战斗占领这座城市。然而，在 一个晚上，他们成功
地通过一个聪明的计谋攻下了它。
 知识点解析
1. Now they’ve given up and sailed away!
现在他们已经放弃，并且驾船离开了！
give up “放弃，戒除”，此处作及物动词短语时，宾语可以是名词、代词
或动名词，但是不能接动词不定式。
例Don’t give up your dream.
You must give up smoking.
注意：give up的宾语如果是代词，必须置于give与up之间，不能放在give
up之后。
2. The Greens didn’t want to take it with them.
希腊人不想带走它。
take sth. with sb. 某人随身携带某物
例You should take a pen and a notebook with you when you take part in a
meeting.
3. Get some help and pull it into the city.帮忙把它拖进城里。
pull动词， “拖，拉”， pull ...into... “把......拉入拖入“
pull out “把......从......拉出来”。pull的反义词为push（推）
例They are pulling the boat into the sea.
He pulled the boy out of the hole.
4. They sang and danced around the horse, and made jokes about the stupid Gre
eks.
他们围着木马唱歌、跳舞，取笑愚蠢的希腊人。
(1) make jokes about sb. sth. 拿某人某物开玩笑
89

例 You shouldn’t make jokes about the poor girl.
have a joke with sb.与某人一起说笑话
play a joke on sb 戏弄某人=make fun of= laugh at
tell jokes 讲笑话
(2) Greek n 希腊人 adj 希腊的 Greece 希腊
midnight, the main square was empty, except for the huge horse.
(1)by此处作介词，表示时间，“到......时（为止），在......之前”
They were tired by evening. 他们到了晚上就很疲倦了。
Can you finish the work by tomorrow? 你能在明天以前完成工作吗？
by +Ving 通过...
例Match them with the correct countries by writing the letters in the brackets.
(2) empty此处作形容词，“空的”，反义词为full（满的）
empty还可以作动词，意为“倒空，使成为空的”，反义词为full（填满）
例Let’s empty the glass. 让我们干杯。
(3) except for 除.......之外，只是
例The room is tidy except for the carpet.除地毯外，房间很干净。
辨析：except; except for; besides
(1) except “除...之外”表示“例外、排除”，表示排除的是同类事物或行为。
例He gets up early every day except Sunday.除了星期天外，他每天都早起。
(2) except for “除......之外”，它后面的宾语一般为句子里所涉及的内容并
非同类事物或行为
例The story is well written except for a few spelling mistakes.
除了几个拼写错误外，这个故事写得很好
(3) besides“除......之外还有”=in addition
例We all went swimming besides him.除了他以外，我们也都去游泳了。
horse was full of Greek soldiers!
这只马里装满了希腊士兵！
(1) be full of= be filled with
例The glass is filled with milk.= The glass is full of milk.
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(2) one by one 一个接着一个
step by step一步步
one night, they succeeded in capturing it through a clever trick.
在一夜之内，他们靠一个计谋成功地夺取了它。
(1) succeed in doing sth = do sth successfully成功地做了某事
(2) success 不可数名词 “成功 成就”
例 Both plans have been tried without success.两个计划都已试过，但未获成
功
可数名词“成功的人或事”
例The plan was a great success.这项计划极为成功。
(3) successful adj 成功的
例a successful teacher 一个成功的老师
8. My dream is to be a soldier.
我的梦想是成为一名士兵。
动词不定式短语to be a soldier 在句中作表语。
My dream is to be a writer.
【拓展】动词不定式（短语）作表语，一般表示动作还没有实现，而如果表
示 动作正在发生，则用动名词（短语）作表语。
例My hobby is collecting stamps.我的爱好是集邮。
该句时态不是现在进行时，而是一般现在时，其中collecti ng是动名词形式，
collecting stamps在句中作表语。
9. The Greek army disappeared and left a wooden horse outside the city of Troy.
希腊军队消失了，在特洛伊城外留下了一匹马。
leave 释义
(1) 遗留；留下I’ve left my umbrella on the bus. 我把伞忘在公交车上。
(2) 离开When did you leave London? 你什么时候离开伦敦的？
(3) leave for 到......地方去I’m leaving for Beijing next month.下个月我要去
北京。
(4) 放置；听任leave him alone.别管他
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辨析：leave与forget
leave
forget
leave sth. sp. 把某物忘在某地
forget sth. 忘记某事某物
did the king of Sparta do in the end?
最终斯巴达国王做了什么？
in the end 最后。
例We have no idea who will win in the end, but we’ll try our best.
我们不知道最终谁会赢，但是我们都会拼尽全力。
11.重点语法---现在完成时
一) 基本结构：助动词havehas+过去分词(done)
二) 句型：
否定句：主语+havehas+not+过去分词+其他.
一般疑问句：HaveHas+主语+过去分词+其他.
简略答语: Yes, 主语 + havehas.(肯定)
No, 主语 + haven'thasn't.(否定)
三) 用法
（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果
I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)
Guo zijun has (justalready) come. (含义：郭子君现在在这儿)
My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)
（2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的, 持续到现在的动作（用行
为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（ +时间点或过去
时的句子）连用.
①for+时段
②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）
③since+时段+ago
④since+从句（过去时）
⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）
Mary has been ill for three days.
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I have lived here since 1998.

四) has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别
HaveHas gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场)
Where is your father？He has gone to Shanghai.
HaveHas been (to) :去过（已不在去过的地方）
My father has been to Shanghai.
Havehas been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）
My father has been in Shanghai for two months. since two months ago.
五) 现在完成时的标志
1. 现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标
志词可以表达这种含义:
* 以already, just和yet为标志
He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。
He has just seen the film. 他刚刚看过这场电影。
He hasn't come back yet. 他还没有回来。
* 以ever和never为标志
This is the best film I have ever seen. 这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。
He has never been to Beijing. 他从没有到过北京。
* 以动作发生的次数为标志
He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。
* 以so far（到目前为止）为标+before
He has got to Beijing so far. 到目前为止他已到了北京。
2.过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在, 甚至有可能继续延 续下去,我们可以从
动作“延续”的特性和“时间”点段的区分入手,进一步学习现在完成时。
* ①for+时段 ②since+过去一个时间点（过去从句）为标志
注意：现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday,last week, three
years ago 等;
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94


习题


一、根据句意及首字母提示完成句子。
grandfather died in the Anti-Japanese W______.
is more difficult to u______, English poetry or Chinese poetry?
brother joined the army last year and became a s_______.
is the m______ street of the town.
countries in the world c_______ Mother’s Day.
6. The soldier r______ down the stairs and said,“Captain, they have gone.”
7. When his mother came in his room, that boy p_____ to be asleep.
8. China is in Asia and England is in E____.
9. He is a soldier. He has been in the a_____ for about two years.
10. They often made jokes about the s______Greeks.
二、单项选择
( ) 1. I didn’t _____my brother had told me a lie.
A. catch B. reply C. understand D. realize
( ) 2. Do you think soy milk is different_____ milk?
A. with B. from C. like D. as
( ) 3. Many old houses around our school_____ next year and a large green area
will appear.
A. pull down B. will be pulled down
C. will pull down D. are pulled down
( ) 4. It is stupid_____Tom to say that.
A. for B. to C. of D. From
( )5. He tried to act_____ what he saw just now.
A. as
( ) got the first prize in the competition! Let’s go out to _____.
A. encourage ate C. understand p
( )7. Ben, the fridge is_____ now. it's time to go to the supermarket.
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A. empty
( )8. Finally we succeeded_____ the heavy box into the classroom.
A. pull pull C. pulled pulling
( )9. The car entered_____ the house through a kitchen window.
A. in B. to D.
( )10. We’re busy because we have so_____ housework to do today.
A. few C. many D. much
( ) the students went on a school trip_____Tom because he will ill on
that day.
A. besides B. beside C. excepts D. except
( ) 12. All the students like the new teacher_____ Bob.
A about B from C .between D except
( ) 13. After he said good-bye _____ ,he left.
A rudely B politely C carefully D .quietly
( ) 14. I saw a stranger_____ the building.
A enter B. entered C to enter D enters
( ) 15. The student’s parents want to see him_____his study.
A success d d in D. success in
( )16. Most of my classmates don’t like to talk with their parents,but I
am_____ them , I love to talk to my parents.
same as B. different from C. pleased with D. good for
( )17. We are_____ age.
A same B the same C different D .the difference
( )18. This photo is_____ from that one , can you find _____ between them?
A. different;differents ent; differences
ence; differents ence; differences
( ) 19. I can’t think_____ his name at the moment.
A. over B. of C. about
( )20. The doctor_____ the crying baby,but he couldn’t find out what was
wrong with it.
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A. looked over B. looked after C. looked for D. looked out
三、完成句子
1．他收集了许多不同种类的卡片。
He has collected ____________ ______ of cards.
2. 你为什么不尝试着给他发一封电子邮件呢？
______ ______ ______ ______sending an e-mail to him?
3. 要不是坐了一位老妇人，公共汽车就是空的。
______ ______ one old lady, the bus was empty.
4. 军人必须服从命令。
______ have to ______orders.
5.他拉开了门。
He ______the door ______.
6.我们半小时内达到。
We’ll arrive________________________.
7. 往杯子里灌满牛奶。
______ the glass ______ milk.
8. 超过两千人到该影院观看这部电影。
____________2,000 people went to the cinema to watch his film.
9.谢谢你的礼物，我很喜欢。
__________________your present. I like it very much.
10. 他们调转车头去看发生了什么事。
They ______ their car ______to see what happened.
四、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. —_______ you_______(buy) a newspaper yet?
—Yes, I have.I_______ (buy) it two hours ago.
2. —Where is Mr. Green, do you know?
—He______ (go)to England, and he_______ (return) in two weeks.
3. —Who made you_______ (laugh) in class?
—I was made_______ (laugh) by his jokes.
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4. He got the best job______ (success). In other words, he______ (success) in
getting it.
5. —Is Zhang Ying_______ (tall) girl in your class?
—Yes, she is_______ (tall) than any other girl in our class.

五、完型填空
We are lucky to have many things. However, most of us usually waste them.
Electricity is one thing that we ___1__ most. Lights, TVs,___2__and other
things are often kept on even when no one is using them. We should turn them
off. when we do not need them. It ___3___less than a second to do it. Anyhow,
not wasting electricity can save money because we do not have to ___4____the
electricity we do not use.
The second thing that we often waste is water. Fresh water is valuable
____5____it shouldn’t be wasted. It is only a simple matter of turning off a tap. I
am sure that____6___can do this easily if he wants to do.
Another big waste is food. My mother ____7___cook too much food and much
of it was thrown away. I told her we had wasted so much ___8___.she thought I
was right and now she cooks only what we can eat.
It is not right to be wasteful. I find there is a simple___9__of not wasting
things. That is to use only what we ___10__. Do not touch what we do not need.
In this way we can stop being wasteful.
( )1.A. produce B. waste C. use D. save
( )2.A. computers B. watches C. phones D. cookers
( )3.A. brings B. gives C. keeps D. takes
( )4.A. afford B. save C. pay for D. care for
( )5.A. though B. because C. so D. but
( )6.A. nobody B. something C. everybody D. nothing
( )7.A. planned to B. used to C. was able to D. was afraid to
( )8.A. electricity B. water C. food D. money
( )9.A. way B. thing C. plan D. project
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( )10.A. buy B. get C. bring D. need
六、书面表达
假如你是一名导游,负责陪同外宾游览苏州，车子开到虎丘山(The Tiger Hill）
门口时，你在车子上用英语向他们讲几点说明，内容如下,开头语已写好。
1.在虎丘山逗留3小时，11点开车,请记住车号，
2.下车时带好贵重物品(valuable things),不要忘记
3.要求大家跟你一起参观。
4. 祝大家玩得愉快。
Ladies and gentlemen, we are now at the gate of the Tiger Hill.
________________________________________ ____________________
_________________________ ___________________________________
__________ __________________________________________________
习题参考答案
一、
1. War 2. understand3. solider 4. main 5. celebrate
6. ran 7. pretend8. Europe 9. army 10. stupid

二、1-5 DBBAC 6-10 BADDD 11-15 DDBBC 16-20BBBBA

三、ent don't you try for r obey
open half an hour with than
you for 10. turned around
四、, had, bought, been to,will return
,laughing sfully,succeeded 5. the tallest,taller
五、1-5 BADCC 6-10 CBCAD
六、参考范文：
Ladies and gentleman, we are now at the gate of the tiger Hill. Before we get
off the bus, I have something to tell you. We will stay at the Tiger Hill for 3
hours, and then we will leave here at 11 o’clock. Please remember the car
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number. When you get off the bus, please take your valuable things with you and
don’t forget to close the window.
Please follow me to visit the hill. I’ll tell you some interesting stories about
the hill. Have fun!


Unit 7 Memory
 单词
词 形
memory
corner
lose
improve
mention
method
spelling
mind
silly
mile
letter
worth
spell
unless
trouble

词性
n.
n.
v.
v.
v.
n.
n.
n.
adj.
n.
n.
adj.
v.
conj.
n.
音 标
['mem(ə)rɪ]
['kɔːnə]
[luːz]
[ɪm'pruːv]
['menʃ(ə)n]
['meθəd]
['spelɪŋ]
[maɪnd]
['sɪlɪ]
[maɪl]
['letə]
[wɜːθ]
[spel]
[ʌn'les]
['trʌb(ə)l]
100
中 文 意 思
记忆力；回忆
角
失去,丧失
改进，提高，改善
提到，说到
方法，办法
拼写，拼法
头脑，大脑
可笑的
英里
字母
值得，有价值的
拼写
除非
困难