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最新人教版英语阅读理解（人生百味）

一、九年级中考英语阅读理解（人生百味）（含答案详细解析）
1．阅读理解


“Please take my penny,” said Maggie to old Dan, the fisherman, who sat on a bench repairing
his nets.

Her brother Andrew drew her back, whispering, “Maggie, he is not a beggar （乞丐）!”

But Maggie paid no attention. “Please take it,” she said again. Old Dan smiled, and took it.
“Thank you, little miss,” he said, “It is kindly meant.”

After that, Maggie went to the beach to gather shells. She never thought how fast the hours
were passing until being tired. She sat down on a rock. Soon she was scared because the sea
water was going up. She wanted to go home, but she found the places she had gone down easily
very difficult to climb up. The stones were wet and smooth. What could poor Maggie do? She felt
sad and cried.

Luckily, Dan's large dog Rover jumped down from a rock! Rover raised his loud bark. The
fisherman had taken his nets to the top of the cliffs （悬崖）, and was laying them out in the sun
when he heard the loud barking of a dog. He felt sure that it was Rover, and Rover was in trouble,
so he looked over. There he saw it all.

“Bless her! It is the little one that was so kind-spoken to me this morning!” he cried, and he
hurried to his sons' rooms.

“Quick, boys, quick!” he said. “Get to the boat, and row fast to the sea. There is a poor child
there just waiting to be helped.” The fishermen lost no time, and soon little Maggie and Rover
were rowed safely to land! Old Dan was waiting there to lift her out to give her into her mother's
arms.

“It was the penny that did it, madam,” he said to Mrs. Weston later. “I saw Rover looking at her
when she put the penny. And I am thinking he had been looking after her all the day.”

Some years later, Rover came to Maggie's home with a little note, in which was written—“Will
Maggie help Rover?—his master is dead.”

（1）Who rowed Maggie to land safely?


A. Rover. B. Old Dan. C. Old Dan's sons. D. Andrew.

（2）What we can guess from the end of the story?


A. Maggie refused to be Rover's new master.

B. Rover felt sad about Mrs. Western's death.

C. Rover lived with Old Dan until his master died.

D. Maggie became Rover's master at once after she was saved.

（3）What can we learn from the passage?


A. One kind act brings another.

B. You should act and speak the same kindly.

C. One person's pleasure may be another's pain.

D. People often forget what is really important in our lives.

（4）Which of the following is the best title for the passage?


A. Rover and his master B. Rover's new friend

C. What the brave dog did D. What Maggie's penny did

【答案】 （1）C

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】 【分析】这是一篇以麦姬的硬币引发的感人故事。最初善良的麦姬以为老渔夫是
乞丐送给了他一便士硬币 ，当麦姬在海滩上遇到危险时，渔夫的狗罗孚及时“呼救”，在老
渔夫儿子的帮助下才脱离了险境。最后 ，老渔夫临去世前又把狗托付给麦姬收养，诠释了
当施恩于别人的时候，也会得到别人的恩赐与帮助的道 理。


（1）C细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的句子“Quick, boys, quick!” he said. “Get to the boat,
and row fast to the sea. Old Dan was waiting there to lift her out to give her into her mother's
arms.可知，是丹的儿子把麦姬成功解救出来！答案为C。

（2）C细节推理题。根据短文最后一句“Will Maggie help Rover?—his master is dead.”老渔夫
丹一直与他的狗罗孚生活在一起，直到他临去世前把狗托付给 麦姬，麦姬的硬币感动了渔
夫，渔夫的狗罗孚也在麦姬遇到危险时帮助了她，麦姬不接纳罗孚显然不合理 ，A答案不
正确，故正确答案C。

（3）A主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，最初善 良的麦姬以为老渔夫是乞丐送给了他一便
士硬币，当麦姬在海滩上遇到危险时，渔夫的狗罗孚及时“呼救 ”，在老渔夫儿子的帮助下
才脱离了险境。诠释了当施恩于别人的时候，也会得到别人的恩赐与帮助的道 理。故答案
A最符合题意。

（4）D标题归纳题。纵观全文可以发现，是麦姬给老渔 夫丹的一便士硬币引出了这个感人
的故事。故D答案最合理。

【点评】第3小题是考 查作者的写作意图，适合用捕捉主旨大意来解题。所谓主旨大意，
也就是文章的中心思想，主题思想，中 心观点，它常常针对文章的主题，作者的写作意
图，文章段落的中心思想进行提问，这类题也叫归纳概括 题。做这道题时，必须在通读全
文的基础上，准确把握短文的主旨大意，作者传递着一种“善有善报”的 思想，诠释了当施
恩于别人的时候，也会得到别人的恩赐与帮助的道理。故A答案最符合题意。


2．阅读理解


After giving a talk at a high school, I was asked to pay a visit to a special student. An illness had
kept the boy home, but he had expressed an interest in meeting me, and it would mean a great

deal to him, so I agreed.

During the nine-mile drive to his home, I found out something about Matthew. He had
muscular dystrophy （肌肉萎缩症）.When he was born, the doctor told his parents that he
would not live to see five, and then they were told he would not make it to ten. Now he was
thirteen. He wanted to meet me because I was a gold-medal power lifter, and I knew about
overcoming（克服）difficulties and going for my dreams.

I spent over an hour talking to Matthew. Never once did he complain or ask, “Why me?” He
spoke about winning and succeeding and going for his dreams. Clearly, he knew what he was
talking about. He didn't mention that his classmates had made fun of him because he was
different. He just talked about his hopes for the future, and how one day he wanted to lift weight
with me. When we finished talking, I pulled out the first gold medal I won and put it around his
neck. I told him he was more of a winner and knew more about success and overcoming
difficulties than I ever would. He looked at it for a moment, then took it off and handed it back to
me. He said, “You are a champion. You won that medal. Someday when I get to the Olympics and
win my own medal, I will show it to you.”

Last summer I received a letter from Matthew's parents telling me that Matthew had passed
away. They wanted me to have a letter he had written to me a few days before:

Dear Rick,

My mum said I should send you a thank-you letter for the picture you sent me. I also want to
let you know that the doctors tell me that I don't have long to live any more, but I still smile as
much as I can.

I told you someday that I was going to the Olympics and win a gold medal, but I know now I
will never get to do that. However, I know I'm a champion, and God knows that too. When I get to
Heaven, God will give me my medal and when you get there, I will show it to you. Thank you for
loving me.

Your friend,

Matthew

（1）The underlined part in Paragraph 3 “Why me?” probably means .


A. Why do you come to see me? B. Why do I have to stay at home?

C. Why does the disease fall on me? D. Why give a gold medal to me?

（2）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?


A. Matthew knew clearly about his illness. B. Matthew once got his own gold medal.

C. Matthew thanked Rick for his kindness. D. Matthew lived happily and brightly all his life.

（3）Rick wrote the passage with the purpose of .


A. expressing his pity to all the disabled children

B. telling an experience of meeting a disabled child

C. describing his unusual friendship with a disabled child

D. showing his admiration towards the disabled child

【答案】 （1）C

（2）B

（3）D

【解析】【分析】作者作为奥运冠军被邀请去见一个患肌肉萎缩症的 孩子，这个孩子很积
极乐观，认为自己能够获得奥运冠军。他用他的乐观诠释了生命的价值。说明他虽然 残
疾，不能得到奥运冠军，但是他的意志品质坚强，是个真正的冠军。


（1）C细节推理题。根据后面的句子“He spoke about winning and succeeding and going for
his dreams.”说明他只是谈论了获 胜以及成功的梦想，从来没有抱怨为什么是他患了这样的
疾病，为什么是他如此的不幸，故C正确。
（2）B细节判断题。根据短文中的句子“I told you someday that I was going to the Olympics
and win a gold medal, but I know now I will never get to do that.”可知，马修并没有获得过自己
的金牌。故答案B错误。

（3）D主旨大 意题。本文主要向大家介绍了一个身残志坚、积极乐观的小男孩。作者很钦
佩Matthew的那种身残 志坚、积极与病魔作斗争的精神，故答案为D。


3．阅读理解

The secret of happiness

An old man walked slowly with a cane（手杖）into the restaurant .His old jacket, worn-out
shoes and warm personality made him stand out from the usual crowd.

A young waitress watched him move toward a table by the window. She ran over to him, and
said: “Here, sir……let me help you with that chair.”

Without saying a word, he smiled and nodded（点头）a thank you. She pulled the chair away
from the table and helped him sit. Then she put his came against the table.

“Thank you, miss.”he said, kindly.

“You're welcome, sir.”she said.

After he had finished his breakfast, the waitress brought him the change（零钱）from his bill.
He left it on the table. She helped him up and walked with him to the front door.

When she went to clean his table, she found a business card under his plate and note on a
napkin（纸巾）. Under the napkin was a 100-dollar bill.

The note on the napkin read: “Dear miss, I respect you very much and I can see you respect
yourself, too. It shows by the way you treat others. （3）You have found the secret of happiness.
Your kindness will shine through to all those who meet you.”

The man she had waited on was the owner of the restaurant where she worked. This was the
first time that she or any of the other workers had ever seen him in person.

By Steve Brunkhorst

（1）The old man left﹩100 under the napkin because he

A. had a habit of giving tips to waitresses

B. thought the meal was delicious

C. wanted to thank the waitress for her good attitude

D. learned the secret of happiness from the waitress

（2）What do we know about the waitress and the old man?

A. The waitress knew who the old man was from the note.

B. The waitress knew the old man before she served him.

C. The old man wanted to have the waitress as his secretary.

D. It was the first time that the waitress had ever seen her boss.

（3）We can tell from the story that the old man went to the restaurant to .

A. have a good meal B. enjoy good service

C. see the restaurant for himself D. show his love for common people

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）C

【 解析】【分析】本文叙述了一位餐馆的女服务员态度友好的为每一个客人服务从而获得
幸福的故事。有一 天，一位穿着破旧的老人，拄着拐杖来餐馆吃早餐，这个女服务员，热
情的为他服务，老人非常尊重她的 服务态度，留给她100美元的小费，并且告诉她已经找
到了生活的幸福。（1）C推理判断题。第二段 的help you with that chair和 第三段的
helped him sit可 知这个女服务员帮助了他，所以此处老人留下100美元应是感谢这个女服
务员的。故选C。（2）D推 理判断题。根据最后一段的This was the first time that she or
any of the other workers had ever seen him in person.可知这是她或任何其他的工人第一次见
过老板本人。故选D。（3）C推理判断题。根据 最后一段的This was the first time that she
or any of the other workers had ever seen him in person.可 知老板以前并没有亲自管理自己的
餐馆，所以他这次来餐馆是为了亲自看看。故选C。


4．阅读下面四篇短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。


B



Think of life as a game in which you are playing with five balls in the air. You name them work,
family, health, friends and spirit and you keep all of them in the air. You will soon understand that
work is a rubber ball. If you drop it, it will bounce back.

But the other four balls, family, health, friends and spirit, are made of glass. If you drop one of
these, it will be broken and never be the same. You must understand that and try to have balance
in your life. How ?

Don't look down on your worth by comparing yourself with others. It is because we are
different and each of us is special.

Don't let other people set goals for you. Only you know what is best for yourself.

Don't give up when you still have something to give. Nothing is really over until the moment
you stop trying.

Don't be afraid of difficulties. It is by taking chances that we learn how to be brave.

Don't shut love out of your life by saying it's impossible. The quickest way to receive love is to
give it; the fastest way to lose love is to hold it too tightly; the best way to keep love is to give it
wings.

Don't run through life so fast that you forget not only where you've been, but also where you
are going.

Don't be afraid to learn. Knowledge is weightless. It's a treasure you can always carry easily.

Don't use time or words carelessly. You can't get them back. Yesterday is history, tomorrow is a
mystery*, and today is a gift; that's why we call it “the present”. Life is not a competition, but a
trip, step by step.

（1）According to the passage, the best way to keep love is to ________.


A. say it's impossible B. give it C. give it wings D. hold it tightly

（2）The underlined phrase “bounce back”means that__________.


A. reuse B. recall C. review D. return

（3）According to the passage,which of the following is true?


A. Comparing yourself with others can make you different and special.

B. Running through life fast may let us achieve our goals one day.

C. To learn knowledge and face the difficulties will make us careful.

D. Time will never return so we need to make good use of time.

（4）According to the passage, which is the best title ?


A. Treat Your Life in a Right Way B. Glass Balls Are Easy to Be Broken

C. Things You Can't Do D. Nothing Is Impossible

【答案】 （1）C

（2）D

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】 【分析】这篇短文主要是向我们讲述如何对待自己的生活，并提出了许多具体的
建议。


⑴细节理解。根据第7段the best way to keep love is to give it wings可知留住爱的最好的办
法就是给他翅膀。故选C。

⑵词义猜测。reuse重新使用；recall回忆；review复习；return返回。根据第一段Y ou will
soon understand that work is a rubber ball. If you drop it, it will bounce back.可知工作是一个橡
皮球，如果你丢下它，它就会弹回来。故选D。

⑶细节理解。根据第三段可知必要与别人相比而小瞧了自己的价值，每个人都是不一样
的，故A 错误；根据倒数第三段可知在生活中不要跑这么快，否则你会忘掉自己去过哪
儿，要去哪儿，故B错误； 根据第六段可知不要害怕困难，通过冒险我们可以学会勇敢。
根据最后一段可知时间一去不复返，所以我 们要慎用时间。故选D。

⑷主旨大意。本文主要是向我们讲述如何对待自己的生活，并提出了 许多具体的建议。故
选A。

【点评】这是一篇议论文，谈论如何正确对待生活。阅读 首先要弄清楚作者要证明什么观
点，然后用什么样的论据进行怎样的分析，最后得出了什么样的结论，理 清了线索，理解
文章就不是问题。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，
就可以轻松的确定答案。


5．阅读理解


When I was eleven years old, God gave me a gift of happiness and I had a carefree childhood in
France.

One day, on my way home from school, a truck ran over me and my legs were cut off. As I lay
there bleeding, I suddenly realized that I might have to live the rest of my life without legs. How
depressed I was at that moment! But then I realized that depression wouldn't get my legs back.
So I decided not to waste my life feeling depressed. When my parents arrived at the hospital, they
stood there quietly, looked so shocked and sad. I told them, “I've already accepted the fact. Now
you also have to get used to this.”

Ever since then, I often see my friends getting worried about little things: their bus comes late;
they get bad grades on a test. But I just enjoy life.

I am lucky to realize that it is a waste of energy to focus on what you have lost, and that the key
to happiness is to take pleasure in what you have. Sounds simple, doesn't it? So why are many
people unhappy?

People often think happiness is based on what they achieve. “My whole life would improve if I
had a new car.” But when you get the car and what happens? For a whole week you are walking
on air. Then you go right back to being unhappy.

Happiness is not a happening; it's a state of mind. Even though you have the whole world and
you'll still be unsatisfied. And you have relatively（相对地） little but feel full of joy. Happiness
comes from mastering the art of enjoying and taking pleasure in what you already have.

（1）After the accident, the author didn't feel depressed anymore because________.


A. the doctors could help him get his legs back.

B. he must comfort his parents at that time.

C. he knew depression made no difference to him.

D. he was just a childish and forgettable kid.

（2）In the author's opinion, the main cause of most people's unhappiness is they______.

A. don't want to achieve more for future. B. pay so much and get so little.

C. always compare with others. D. pay so much attention to what they have lost.

（3）In paragraph 5, when the man gets the car he had expected______.


A. he will choose to walk on foot for a week.

B. the car will bring a lasting happiness to him.

C. he will find the car is no help for him at all

D. he will go back to be unhappy after a few days

（4）The author wants to tell us _______.


A. how one person enjoys a life without legs

B. we should forget the loss and the gains in life

C. happiness is just a state of mind

D. our life will be improved if we fight for our dreams.

【答案】 （1）C

（2）D

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】 【分析】本文主要讲述了作者在11岁时因一场车祸失去了双腿，但他却并没有因
此消沉，而是意识到真 正幸福的生活源自懂得满足，不能总在意那些已失去的。


（1）细节理解题。由文章第二段“ But then I realized that depression wouldn't get my legs
back. So I decided not to waste my life feeling depressed.”可知 作者意识到沮丧并不能挽回自己
的双腿，所以再不沮丧，C项沮丧对作者没有帮助作用，符合原文，故选 C。

（2）细节理解题。由文章第三段内容和第四段“…… it is a waste of energy to focus on what
you have lost, and that the key to happiness is to take pleasure in what you have. ”可知作者认
为普通人不幸福的原因是太在意那些失去的东西，D项 符合，A,B,C文中均没有提到。故选
D。

（3）细节理解题。文章第五段“ But when you get the car and what happens? For a whole
week you are walking on air. Then you go right back to being unhappy.”可知当一个人有了一辆
新车，刚开始确 实很开心，但过一段时间仍旧会像从前样不开心，A,C文中没有提到，B说
法错误，故选D。

（4）主旨大意题。A，一个无腿的人如何过好生活，断章取义，本文只是以作者失去双腿
引入 ；B，我们应该忘记生活中的得失，与文意不符，作者说的是不要太在意失去的实物，
珍惜我们已经拥有 的；C，幸福是一种思想上的状态，由文中最后一段“ Happiness is not a
happening; it's a state of mind. ”可知，作者认为幸福来源于 我们自己的意识，要学会转换思
维，用相对的眼光对待生活，符合文意；D，为梦而战，提升生活品质， 文章大意不符。
故选C。

【点评】本文是一篇记叙说理文章，要读懂文章大意，理解 作者想要表达的思想，申清题
目，比较选项。

6．阅读理解

I will never forget the lesson about my window. Four years ago, I moved to a house in a large
town. One of my new neighbors' house was only a few feet away from mine. There lived a
woman. Through one of my windows, I could see her reading by her window every afternoon

Several months later, I found I couldn't see the woman clearly. I thought her window was too
dirty. I said to myself, 'Why doesn't she clean her window? It looks terrible!

One afternoon, I decided to clean my house including（包括） the window. I felt tired after
three hours of hard work. So I sat down by the window for a rest. What a surprise! I could see the
woman reading there clearly again! By that time, I realized that my own window was too dirty,
not hers! I really felt ashamed for myself. I had been watching her through my dirty window in
the past days!

The experience is very important for me. So I try to clean the window of my heart before
judging（评判） others,

（1）How long has the writer lived in the house?


A. Two years. B. Three years. C. Four years. D. Five years.

（2）The writer couldn't see the woman clearly because_______.


A. the writer's window was dirty B. the woman's house was too far

C. the woman didn't open her window D. the woman's window was dirty

（3）It took the writer_______ to clean the house that afternoon


A. two hours B. three quarters C. the whole afternoon D. three hours

（4）The underlined word 'ashamed' means_______.


A. 高兴的 B. 放松的 C. 羞愧的 D. 激动的

（5）According to the passage, the writer has learnt how to_______.


A. clean the house B. judge others C. help neighbors D. watch others

【答案】 （1）C

（2）A

（3）D

（4）C

（5）B

【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要 讲述了作者搬家后的亲身经历，他没有清理自己的
窗户，却认为别人的窗户不干净，所以对自己的行为感 到很羞愧。作者通过这件事也学会
了如何评判别人。

（1）细节题，根据首段Four years ago, I moved to a house in a large town. 可知作者搬
进房子已经四年了，故选C。

（2）细节题，根据第三段 I could see the woman reading there clearly again! By that
time, I realized that my own window was too dirty, not hers! 可知，作者看不清这个女人的
原因是因为他自己的窗户太脏了，所以A项正确，故选A。

（3）细节题，根据第三段One afternoon, I decided to clean my house including（包
括） the window. I felt tired after three hours of hard work. 可知，作者下午打扫房子花费
了三个小时，故选D。

（4）词义题，根据第三段 By that time, I realized that my own window was too dirty, not
hers! I really felt ashamed for myself. 可知通过这件事，作者对自己的行为感到很羞愧，所
以ashamed意为“羞愧的”最符合语境 ， 故选C。

（5）推理题，根据末段 So I try to clean the window of my heart before judging（评判）
others.可知 ， 作者通过此事学会了如何评判别人 ， 故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解， 首先浏览题干， 画出题干设问中的关键词。其次带着题干问题和
关键词有目的的去通读全文， 并在文中寻找相关信息， 最终确定答案。


7．阅读理解

What's the most important thing for you in your life? Some say hard-work and others say
knowledge, love and luck.

There are 26 English letters. If you arrange them alphabetically （按字母表的顺序）and use
numbers to represent （代表）each of them, for example，1 for a，2 for b, 3 for c，…you can
change an English word into a number. So hard-work becomes 8+1+18+4+23+15+18+11=98, and
meaning 98 is its mark; knowledge: 11+14+15+23+12+5+4+7+5=96, while love: 12+15+22+5=54,
and luck: 12+21+3+11=47, a small mark. None of these words can give us a foil mark.

What about money? It can't either. Money is only 72. Then what else? Don't worry. You can
always find an answer to a problem, when you change your way of looking at things or doing
things, or your attitude （态度）. Yes, attitude is the word. See for yourself: attitude: 1+20+20+
9+20+21+4+5=100, a foil mark. Different attitudes lead to different kinds of life. Most times
people hope for a better life. It's possible that one will have a change for the better after one has
changed his her attitude. When you change yourself and become friendly to others, you'll meet
more smiling faces to you.

（1）What does the underlined part


A. Copy them down. B. Speak them out. C. Put them in order. D. Put them together.

（2）What's the mark of “knowledge”？


A. It's 100. B. It's 98. C. It's 54. D. It's 96.

（3）Which number is for “g” according to the passage?


A. 5. B. 6. C. 7. D. 8.

（4）What will you meet if you are friendly to other's?

A. More smiling faces towards you.

B. More new friends.

C. More chances to success.

D. More warm-hearted people.

（5）What does the passage mainly want to tell us?


A. Attitude has a 6ill mark.

B. Different attitudes lead to different kinds of life.

C. If you have an attitude, you will get more.

D. Being friendly to others is always good.

【答案】 （1）C

（2）D

（3）C

（4）A

（5）B

【解析】 【分析】文章大意：作者用组成单词的字母按字母表的顺序数字的和，从而说明
人一生中态度是重要的， 不同态度导致不同的人生。

（1）词义猜测题。根据 There are 26 English letters. If you arrange them alphabetically （按字
母表的顺序）and use numbers to represent （代表）each of them, for example ，1 for a，2
for b, 3 for c......有26个字母，如果你——字母表的顺序，用数代表每个字 母，例如1代表
a，2代表b，3代表c......可知 arrange 是安排，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据 knowledge: 11+14+15+23+12+5+4+7+5=96，可知，故选D。

（3）推断题。根据 for example，1 for a，2 for b, 3 for c，…可知，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据 When you change yourself and become friendly to others, you'll meet
more smiling faces to you.可知，故选A。

（5）主旨题。根据文章内容，作者用组成单词的字母按字母表的顺序数字的和，从而说
明人 一生中态度是重要的，不同态度导致不同的人生可知，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本 文涉及细节题推断题和主旨题，细节题注意从文中找答案；推
断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。 主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心
思想。


8．阅读所给材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

When the great library of Alexandria burned, the story goes, one book was saved. But it was
not a valuable book, and a poor man got it.

The book wasn't very interesting, but between its pages there was something very interesting
indeed. It was a thin strip of vellum（羊皮纸）on which was written the secret of the


The touchstone was a small pebble（鹅卵石）that could turn any common metal into pure
gold.

The writing explained that it was lying among thousands and thousands of other pebbles that

looked exactly like it. But the secret was this. The real stone would feel warn, while ordinary
pebbles are cold.

So the man sold his house, bought a tent, camped on the seashore, and began testing pebbles.
He knew that if he picked up normal pebbles and threw them down again because they were cold,
he might pick up the same pebbles hundreds of times. So, when he felt one that was cold, he
threw it into the sea. He spent a whole day doing this but none of them was the touchstone. Yet
he went on and on this way. Pick up a pebble. Cold—throw it into sea. Pick up another. Throw it
into the sea. The days stretched into months and the months into years.

One day, however, about midafternoon, he picked up a pebble and it was warm. He threw it
into the sea before he realized what he had done. He was used to throwing each pebble into the
sea as soon as he picked it up. So when the one he wanted came along, he still threw it away.

So it is with opportunity（机会）. Unless we are vigilant, it's easy to fail to realize an
opportunity when it is in hand and it's just as easy to throw it away.

（1）According to the passage, the touchstone is a stone __________.

A. that you can touch

B. that can turn common metal into pure gold

C. that can bring you thousands of pebbles

D. that can bring you good luck

（2）The man threw the touchstone into the sea because __________________.

A. it was cold

B. it was a normal pebble

C. he was too tired to hold it

D. he had formed a habit

（3）How did the man probably feel when he realized it was the touchstone?

A. Excited. B. Moved. C. Interested. D. Regretted.

（4）What's the meaning of the underlined word “vigilant” in the last paragraph?

A. Brave enough. B. Hard—working enough. C. Careful enough. D. Strong enough.

（5）What does the writer want to tell us?

A. Opportunity knocks but once.

B. Use it or lose it.

C. Where there is a will, there is a way.

D. Practice makes perfect.

【答案】 （1）B

（2）D

（3）D

（4）C

（5）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了亚历山大图书馆被烧毁后，一个穷人得到了仅存的一本书，书中介绍到：感觉温暖的鹅卵石可以让普通的金属变成金子。他开始检测鹅卵石，每次都把
凉的鹅卵石 扔进大海里，最后他捡到了一颗温暖的鹅卵石，但是因为习惯，他像以前一样
把石头扔进大海，最终才发 现自己失去了一次机会。

（1）细节题。根据The touchstone was a small pebble（鹅卵石）that could turn any
common metal into pure gold.可知可以让普通的金属变成金子，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据He was used to throwing each pebble into the sea as soon as he picked it
up.可知他习惯于把每一个鹅卵石扔进大海，故选D。

（3）推断题。根据常识可知他意识到自己把温暖的鹅卵石扔进大海里时肯定感到后悔，
re gretted，故选D。

（4）细节题。根据后句可知失去机会是容易的，除非我们是仔 细的，所以意思是仔细
的，认真的，即careful，故选C。

（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了机会只有一次，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本 文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意
从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文， 推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了
解大意之后找出中心思想。


9．阅读理解

What can we learn from the special, very successful people in the world who make the
impossible possible?

Lesson 1: Ways of creative thinking are needed

Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg both dropped out of college. They prefer to teach themselves
because they like to develop their own ways of thinking. They think standard ways of teaching
might stop people from being creative and having new ideas.

Lesson 2: The answer might not be what you expect

Find your answers from facts-not start with an expectation of what you will find. Stephen
Jacobsen from Northwestern University believed what he was taught: that water on the Earth
came from icy comets（封星）or planets which hit into the Earth.

However, by studying a special rock, he discovered that it acts like a sponge. This suggests that
the Earth's water may have come from inside, driven to the surface to form the oceans, by
geological activities.


may be the first person to see something for the first time that doesn't happen very often. When
it does, it's amazing.

Lesson 3: A little luck goes a long way

Years of planning went into a recent achievement in space travel. The European Space Agency's
, which is 480 million kilometres away. The
trip from the Earth by

The scientists had no idea what the surface of the comet would be like. If the landing failed, it
would be impossible to get information from the spacecraft. Twenty years of work would have
been wasted.

When tried to land, it bounced（弹起）away from the comet's icy surface twice.
Luckily, however,

（1）Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg didn't finish college because .

A. they preferred to learn by themselves

B. they needed standard ways of teaching

C. their teachers didn't like their new ideas

D. their teachers weren't able to teach them

（2）In Lesson 2, the writer mainly wants to tell us that .

A. we should get answers from facts

B. we can believe what we are taught

C. it's hard to make others believe something

D. an expectation can help get an answer in research

（3）The example

A. Comet 67P is not far away from the Earth

B. it took

C.

D. scientists knew nothing about the surface of Comet 67P

（4）The best title for this passage is

A. Ways of discovering

B. Lessons for success

C. Ways of being special

D. Lessons for experiments

【答案】 （1）A

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：我们能从世界上那些使不可能的事情成为可能的特别的、非
常成功 的人身上学到什么呢？第一要有需要创造性思维的方式；第二从事实中找出你的答
案，而不是从对你将要 找到的东西的期望开始。第三要有一点点运气，从事实中找出你的
答案，而不是从对你将要找到的东西的 期望开始。

（1）细节理解题，根据 Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg both dropped out of college. They
prefer to teach themselves可知，比尔盖茨和马克扎克伯格喜欢自学，所以退学，故答案是
A。

（2）主旨大意题，根据Find your answers from facts-not start with an expectation of what
you will find. 可知，第二课主要说的是要从事实中找答案，故答案是A。

（3）逻辑推理题 ，根据第三颗主要说的是要有点运气，但是彗星67P上环境如何无人知
道，成功与否无人知道，这就需 要一点运气了，故答案是C。

（4）标题判断题，根据文章内容可知，这三课都是从成功那里学到的，也是为了成功，
故答案是B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、逻辑推理题、标题判断题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；文章出处题需要根据文章内容确定其来源；逻辑
推理题需要 联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；标题判断题需要在充分理解文章的基础上，
总结中心思想，凝练句式， 最终确定答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心
思想。

10．阅读理解

Here is a story: A man sees a butterfly（蝴蝶）. The butterfly tries to get out of its chrysalis
（蛹）. Feeling sorry for it, the man decides to help. He cuts the chrysalis and the butterfly
comes out easily. Surprisingly enough, the butterfly is unable to fly. If the butterfly doesn't
struggle（挣扎；奋斗） to leave the chrysalis, it can't fly! The struggle develops the energy in
the butterfly which makes it fly. Similarly, the challenges of life bring out the best in young people
and make the fly.

When people are young, meeting and overcoming challenges will make them strong and ready
to face life. When we look at successful people, we see that the most successful of them are
people who have had to struggle. One famous businessman, who now owns many big
supermarkets, used to carry clothes on his back and sell them from door to door when he was
young. Another successful man is Dennis. His father died when he was only twenty. His father's
death forced him to mature fast. He had to bring up a family of nine people. He took up the
challenges and overcame them. Today his brothers and sisters are leading successful lives.

Sometimes challenges do not appear to us because we keep away from them. So some parents
and teachers actively encourage young people to face challenges. They might organize some
activities for young people which provide them with challenges, like rock- climbing, camping,
volunteer work and so on. However, just passing exams will not prepare a person for life. We
must meet and overcome challenges. The young people of today will become the leaders of
tomorrow. For countries to continue to become successful, it is important that the young people
learn to meet challenges and overcome them.

（1）From the story we know that the butterfly can't fly because ________.

A. it gets out by itself B. the man feels sorry for it

C. it tries to challenge itself D. the man helps it come out

（2）Dennis's example shows that successful people should ________.

A. overcome the difficulties B. take up business early

C. become the leaders of tomorrow D. sell clothes from door to door

（3）The meaning of the underlined word

A. wake up B. give up C. grow up D. bring up

（4）What is the writer trying to do in this passage?

A. Describe where a butterfly comes from.

B. Encourage young people to face challenges.

C. Suggest how to become a successful businessman.

D. Explain what will happen if a person fails the exam.

【答案】 （1）D

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文引用了成功人士的案例告诉人们成功前需要吃苦。

（1）细节题。根据文章提到的 If the butterfly doesn't struggle to leave the chrysalis, it

can't fly!可知，蝴蝶不能飞的原因是这个男人帮了忙，故选D。

（2）主旨题。根据文章提 到Dennis是如何吃苦，如何成熟以便成功的告诉人们成功人士
必须克服困难，故选A。

（3）推断题。根据文章说了他养家等，可知该单词的意思是成长，故选C。

（4）主旨题。根据文章的大意可知，文章主要介绍了如何面对困难，故选B。

【点评】考 查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意
从文中寻找答案；推断题需 要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了
解大意之后找出中心思想。