莫斯科郊外的晚上俄语-请记住我

英语阅读理解练习题20篇及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解

When was the last time you used plastic plates? Next time, why not try some edible ones?
You'll help the environment and your guests won't go hungry.
and saw a lot of money being thrown away. I thought that was criminal, so I decided to do
something about it,

Now, Vicentini has an amazing range of edible plates for schools. The plates are made out of
bread dough, so you can eat them afterwards. dishes cost a few pennies each and are
either eaten by the kids, or go into recycling bins for animal food,explained Vicentini, 50, of
Milan. But now other companies are developing edible plates, too. The Edible-Plate Company
offers edible plates, bowls, trays and cups. Their products are environmentally-friendly, 100%
biodegradable and can be used for all types of catering and home use. And they're made from a
natural plant. After use, they can be fed to animals or left to degrade naturally.

They also have a range of cutlery（餐具） made from corn and potato starch（淀粉）. These
plates will also help reduce the amount of plastic; we create. Waste from plastic causes a lot of
damage to the environment, as well as costing governments millions m waste management.
Plastic bags often end up in landfill sites or on the street. And the burning of plastic waste causes
toxic gases that pollute the air. In response to this, governments around the world are introducing
tough recycling regulations. And many shops are offering biodegradable plastic bags and eco- safe
packaging on their products. To help matters, the International Organization for Standardization
(the ISO) has also developed a system to evaluate the biodegradability of products, with a
certification and logo scheme, Meanwhile, how about a nice plate for lunch?

（1）Which of the following is not the advantage of edible plates?

A. They are expensive. B. They can degrade naturally.

C. They are environmentally-friendly. D. They are made from natural plant.

（2）Which of the following statements is true?

A. Tiziano is from Germany. B. Edible plates are only used for school catering.

C. Corn and potato starch can be used to make cutlery. D. The Edible Plate Company doesn't
produce edible bowls.

（3）What does the underlined word

A. The air pollution. B. The edible cutlery.

C. The toxic gases caused by the burning of plastic. D. The damage to the environment
caused by plastic waste.

（4）What is the main idea of this passage?

A. The measures to stop the pollution. B. The ways to reduce the plastic waste.

C. How to make edible plates from natural plants. . D. The plate solution to eating and
environmental problem.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是 一篇说明文，介绍了饮食和环境的问题，并且提出了相应的解决
方法。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Their products are environmentally-friendly, 100%
biodegradable and can be used for all types of catering and home use. And they're made from a
natural plant. After use, they can be fed to animals or left to degrade naturally.”可知，“昂贵”不
是edible plates的优势。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“They also have a range of cutlery（餐具） made from
corn and potato starch（淀粉）．”可知，玉米和马铃薯淀粉可用于制作餐具。故选C。

（3）考查代词指代。根据第三段中的“Waste from plastic causes a lot of damage to the
environment, as well as costing governments millions m waste management. Plastic bags often
end up in landfill sites or on the street. And the burning of plastic waste causes toxic gases that
pollute the air. In response to this, governments around the world are introducing tough recycling
regulations.” 塑料垃圾 对环境造成了很大的破坏，同时也给政府带来了数百万的垃圾管理。
塑料袋经常会出现在垃圾填埋场或街 道上。而燃烧的塑料垃圾会导致有毒气体污染空气。
作为对此的回应，世界各国政府正在出台严格的回收 法规。由此可知this指的是“塑料垃圾
对环境造成的破坏。”故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“When was the last time you used plastic plates? Next
time, why not try some edible ones? You'll help the environment and your guests won't go
hungry.可知，本文讲述的是饮食和环境问题的解决方案。故选D。

【点评】 本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，代词指代和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一
篇科普类阅读，考生需要 准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，
从而选出正确答案。


2．阅读理解

A 3-year-old boy who was lost in the woods for two days is now safe at home with his family.
But Casey Hathaway told his rescuers that he was not alone in the rainy, freezing cold woods. He
said he was with a friend — a bear.

The child went missing on January 22. He was playing with friends at his grandmother's house
in the southern state of North Carolina. When the other children returned home but Casey did
not, the family searched the area for almost an hour before calling the police. Police formed a
search and rescue team to look for the young boy in the nearby woods. But two days went by and
still — no Casey.

Then on January 24, someone called the police saying he heard a child crying in the woods.
Police followed up on the information and found Casey at about 9:30 that night. They pulled him
out of some briar. He was in good health. Casey told the rescuers that he had hung out with a
black bear for two days, a bear he called his

Sheriff Chip Hughes spoke with reporters from several news agencies. He said Casey did not say
how he was able to survive in the woods for three days in the cold, rainy weather. However, the

sheriff said,

Hundreds of people helped in the search and rescue efforts, including some 600 volunteers,
federal police and members of the military. Officer Hughes told reporters that at no point did he
think Casey had been kidnapped.

His mother Brittany Hathaway talked with reporters from a local news agency and thanked
everyone who joined the search for her son. just want to tell everybody that we're very
thankful that you took the time out to search for Casey and prayed for him, and he's good,
his mother.

（1）When did Casey get lost?

A. On January 24. B. After a 911 call.

C. Before his playmates came. D. After he left his grandmother's house.

（2）What can we know about the boy?

A. He survived with the help of a bear.

B. The rescuers rescued him from a bear.

C. Someone offered key information to find him.

D. He was eventually found by officer Hughes.

（3）Why did the mother say that in the last paragraph?

A. To report the detailed situation. B. To show her gratitude and relief.

C. To invite everyone to watch her child. D. To appreciate searchers and the bear.

（4）Where is this text most likely from?

A. A news report. B. A guidebook. C. A diary. D. An advertisement.

【答案】 （1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，男孩凯西在离开祖母家后就失踪了。两天之后,警
察根据得到的线索在树 林里找到了凯西。凯西告诉他的救援人员在森林里的这两天他一直
和一只熊在一起。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The child went missing on January 22. He was playing
with friends at his grandmother's house in the southern state of North Carolina. When the other
children returned home but Casey did not”,可知这个孩子在1月22日失踪了。他正在他的祖
母在北卡罗来纳州南部州的房子里玩耍。当其他孩子回家时,凯西却没有。也就是在离开祖
母的房子后, 凯西没有回家,失踪了。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Then on January 24, someone called the police saying
he heard a child crying in the woods. Police followed up on the information and found Casey at
about 9 :30 that night. ”可知然后在1月24日,有人打电话给警察,说 他听到一个孩子在树林
里哭泣。警方跟进了该消息,并于当晚9点30分发现了凯西。所以是有人提供了 关键的信
息来帮助找到这个男孩。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的‘We just want to tell everybody that we're very
thankful that you took the time out to search for Casey and prayed for him, and he's good, ‘ said

his mother. ’ He is good, he is up and talking. He's already asked to watch Netflix. So, he's
good …’可知男孩凯西的妈妈说:我 们只想告诉大家,我们非常感谢您抽出宝贵的时间去搜寻
凯西并为他祈祷,他的状况很好。他很好,他在 说话。他已经被要求观看Netflix。所以,他
很好……从妈妈的话中可知她很感激大家的帮助,她 说这些话的目的就是为了向救援人员表
达自己的感激。同时她强调凯西一切都好,感到很欣慰。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。本文讲述了一个小男孩失踪后被找到的事情,文中有具体的时间地点
和各方人物,描述详细客观,结合最后一段中的 talked with reporters from a local news agency
可以推断这最有可能是一篇新闻报道。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和 推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要
准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理， 从而选出正确答案。


3．阅读理解

One of the biggest problems when we are talking is the awkward silence. Encountering this
situation is so uncomfortable that you would avoid meeting new people in the first place. In the
past, I struggled with this and I even thought it had to do with my DNA or something… But later I
learned that once you know how to keep those words flowing, you can meet and talk to anyone
you like, which helps create great possibilities for friendship, fun and shared activities that you
would otherwise have missed out on.

After studying this in depth, I had different opinions and found that one of these common
behaviors is the habit of filtering (过滤)--holding back from saying something until you've

problem is not learning to get in the mood for conversation. If you don't know how to change
from subjects, then it can take a lot of time to warm up.

It is the reflex (习惯性思维) that allows you to say whatever goes on in your mind. It's fun to
realize that you're allowed to say whatever is on your mind. As long as you don't say anything
that could land you in jail (监狱).

All of the
are reactionary (保守的) bits of conversation that prove to the other person that you're really
listening. This works 99% of the time. So, if you show some interest, they'll hang around and want
to talk to you even more.

Everyone knows that stories juice-up conversations, but most people only talk about stories of
their own lives. When someone mentions something related to any of them, just tell the story,
even if it's not from your life. The more interesting, stranger or more frightening they are, the
harder they are to forget.

（1）If people can deal with the awkward silence, they can .

A. train their working skill B. improve their life quality

C. enrich their social life D. establish their working relationship

（2）When talking with others, we should .

A. feel nervous B. think twice C. be free to express D. avoid breaking in

（3）According to the passage, what do the speakers care much about?

A. The attractive topics of conversation. B. The atmosphere of the conversation.

C. The listener's experiences and tastes. D. The listener's curiosity and concern.

（4）What does the underlined part

A. making conversations more boring B. making conversations livelier

C. making conversations smoother D. making conversations more relaxing

【答案】（1）C

（2）C

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文本文是一篇议论文，我们谈话时最大的问题之一 是尴尬的沉默。遇
到这种情况是很不舒服的。作者就这一论点表达了自己的观点。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“But later I learned that once you know how to keep
those words flowing, you can meet and talk to anyone you like, which helps create great
possibilities for friendship, fun and shared activities”可知如果在谈话时能打破尴 尬的沉默，知
道说什么，怎么说，就能为友谊，乐趣和共享活动创造巨大的可能性，就能丰富社交生活。故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“It is the reflex (习惯性思维) that allows you to say
whatever goes on in your mind. It's fun to realize that you're allowed to say whatever is on your
mind .”可知习惯性思维让我们表达我们内心所想，意识到你可以说出你心里想说的话，是
很有趣的。所以在 和别人交流时我们应该自由表达。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“All of the ‘Oh! That's interesting…’ ‘Hmm, I've never
heard of that’ ‘Hmm, cool!‘ expressions are reactionary (保守的) bits of conversation that prove
to the other person that you're really listening.和if you show some interest, they'll hang around
and want to talk to you even more.”听者的赞 美之词和他们有兴趣想了解更多的好奇心和关
注，是说者最关心的。故选D。

（4）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“The more interesting, stranger or more frightening
they are, the harder they are to forget.”可知故事越有趣或越惊险，就越吸引人，听者就越难
忘记，这说明了故事在谈话中的重要性。划线词语所在的句子指每个人都知道故事会让对
话变得 生动有趣，“juice-up conversations”指让对话变得生动有趣，与B项同义。故选B。

【点评】本题 考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考
生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进 行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。


4．阅读理解

Buck did not know that there was trouble ahead, Trouble for every dog with strong muscles
and warm long hair, from Seattle to southern California. Some men had found a yellow metal in
the Arctic darkness, and thousands of other men were rushing there. These men wanted dogs
that were heavy, with strong muscles for working hard and furry coats to protect them from the
cold.

Buck lived at a big house in a sunny valley in California which was owned by Judge Miller. He
was neither a house dog nor a kennel (狗窝) dog. The whole of Judge Miller's land was his. Buck

was king—king over all the crawling, flying things of Judge Miller's lands, humans included.

His father, Elmo, had been the Judge's inseparable companion. And when he died, Buck took
his father's place. He was not so large—he weighed only sixty kilogram—for his mother, Shep,
had been a Scottish sheepdog. Hunting and other outdoor activities had hardened his muscle,
and swimming had made him healthy.

This was Buck in the autumn of 1897, when the discovery of gold in the Klondike brought Men
from everywhere to the frozen north. But Buck did not read the newspapers. And he did not
know that Manuel one of the gardeners helper, was not a good man. Manuel gambled (赌博) and
wasted the little money he had. No one saw him and Buck go off on what Buck thought was a
walk. No one saw them arrive at the railway station where Manuel sold Buck to a man who was
waiting for him.

After two days ho was cried off the train in Seattle into a small, high-walled yard. There a fat
man in a red sweater broke open the cage with a small axe (斧头)，while holding a club (棍棒) in
the other hand. When there was a big enough opening, Buck jumped out like a red-eyed devil,
straight at the fat man. But in mid-air, just as his teeth were going to close on the man, he
received a shock that he had never felt before. It turned him over and onto the ground. He had
never been struck by a club in his life, and he did not understand. He was smashed down a dozen
times.

Buck saw that he stood no chance against the man with the club. He had learned the lesson,
and for the rest of his life he never forgot it. It was his introduction into the world of primitive law.

In the end a small man called Perrault paid three hundred dollars for him, and he was led away
with Curly, a good-natured Newfoundland dog.

（1）What kind of dogs did the gold- seekers want?

house dogs with yellow hair.

long-haired dogs.

nt dogs with yellow hair

ar kennel dogs.

（2）Buck was proud of himself for the following reasons, EXCEPT that ______.

was king over all living things of Judge Miller's lands

became the Judge's inseparable companion after his father's death

had a good life with many outdoor activities to get strong and healthy

was wanted by gold- seekers thanks to his strong muscles and long hair

（3）Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

Miller owned a big house and a large piece of land in the Klondike.

bought and sold Buck because he needed money to support his life.

fat man cruelly beat Buck with a club to teach him how to fight back.

's introduction into the word of primitive law was obeying the fat man.

（4）What can be the suitable title for the excerpt?

into Trouble

against a Man

from Trouble

e in a Man

【答案】 （1）B

（2）D

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一只名为巴克的狗的遭遇。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Trouble for every dog with strong muscles and warm
long hair, from Seattle to southern California. These men wanted dogs that were heavy, with
strong muscles for working hard and furry coats to protect them from the cold.”可知，从西雅图
到南加州，每一条长着结实的肌肉和温暖的长毛的狗都会在劫难逃 。这些寻金人需要的
是，高大强壮，有强壮的肌肉，能吃苦耐劳且皮毛可以帮助他们抵御寒冷的狗。所以 淘金
者需要的是强壮的长毛狗。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Buck was king—king over all the crawling, flying things
of Judge Miller's lands, humans included.”可知，巴克是国王——统治着Judge Miller领 地上所
有爬行、飞行的东西，包括人类。所以A选项是巴克自豪的原因；第三段中的“His father,
Elmo, had been the Judge's inseparable companion. And when he died, Buck took his father's
place. Hunting and other outdoor activities had hardened his muscle, and swimming had made
him healthy.”他的父亲艾尔莫一直是Judge Miller形影 不离的伙伴。他死后，巴克接替了他
父亲的位置。打猎和其他户外活动锻炼了他的肌肉，游泳使他身体健 康。所以B,C两项是
巴克自豪的原因。故D项不是巴克自豪的原因。故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“But in mid-air, just as his teeth were going to close
on the man, he received a shock that he had never felt before, It turned him over and onto the
ground. He had never been struck by a club in his life, and he did not understand. He was
smashed down a dozen times.”可知，就在它的牙齿要碰到他的皮肤时，那人用棒子给了它一
下，这还是有 人头一次用棒子打他，他不知所措。它被打倒在地。它被木棒打了10几次；
以及倒数第四段中的“Bu ck saw that he stood no chance against the man with the club.”可知，
巴克看到，它再也站不起来对抗他的木棒。所以巴克被打，无力 反抗只能屈服于这个胖
人。由此判断出，巴克的丛林法则就是屈服于这个胖人。故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Buck did not know that there was trouble ahead,
Trouble for every dog with strong muscles and warm long hair, from Seattle to southern
California.”可知，巴克不知道前面会遇到麻 烦，从西雅图到南加州，每一条长着结实的肌肉
和温暖的长毛的狗都会在劫难逃以及下文对于巴克的具体 遭遇可知，短文最佳的标题为“陷
入麻烦”。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节 理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需
要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑 关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。


5．阅读理解

Last year, when our three-year-old great- granddaughter Kylie was taken to see Santa Claus, she
made sure to give him her wish list of toys. A week later, she ran into a different Santa in a mall.
He stopped to ask what she wanted for Christmas. Kylie was surprised and let him know: “If you

can't remember what I told you last week, how are you going to remember on Christmas Eve?”

Mary Paul, Milwaukee, Wisconsin

As my son Mike and I drove to the mall, we passed a Salvation Army Santa ringing his bell.
“Mike,” I said, “there's Santa!” He shook his head. “That's just some guy in a Santa suit,” he said.
It saddened me to think that maybe my son no longer believed in Santa, and we drove the rest of
the way in silence. At the mall, we spotted another Santa greeting young believers. Suddenly,
Mike took off toward him. Turning back to me, he shouted. “Now, there's the real Santa!”

Michael E. Fahey, Huntley, Illinois

We immigrated to America from China when I was six. Because I was shy and didn't speak
English, I had few friends. My days were spent at home with my brother. Sometimes we'd help
our neighbor Mr. Mueller pull weeds. One Christmas Day, there was a knock at the door.
Grandma opened it, and there stood a big fellow in red with a snow-white beard, laughing, “Ho,
ho, ho!” He handed out presents and made us laugh. I had so much fun. It was years later when I
learned that our special Santa was our neighbor Mr. Mueller.

Joanne Tang, Litchfield Park, Arizona

（1）Why was Kylie surprised when running into a different Santa?

A. Because she got what she wished. B. Because she knew who the Santa was.

C. Because she wished to get another toy. D. Because she thought they were the same Santa.

（2）What would Mike's parent feel as to Mike's different attitudes towards Santa?

A. Angry. B. Sad. C. Confused. D. Understandable.

（3）What did Mr. Mueller do on Christmas Day?

A. He stood outside our house. B. He gave out gifts by acting as Santa.

C. He continued to pull weeds. D. He stayed with us in our home.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了三个人的圣诞节经历。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“A week later, she ran into a different Santa in a mall. He
stopped to ask what she wanted for Christmas. Kylie was surprised and let him know: ‘If you can't
remember what I told you last week, how are you going to remember on Christmas Eve?!’”可
知，当Kylie遇到另一个圣诞老 人时，她感到很惊讶，因为她认为他们是同一个圣诞老人。
故选D。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“That's just some guy in a Santa suit,” he said. It saddened
me to think that maybe my son no longer believed in Santa, and we drove the rest of the way in
silence. At the mall, we spotted another Santa greeting young believers. Suddenly, Mike took off
toward him. Turning back to me, he shouted. ‘Now, there's the real Santa!’”可知，迈克遇到一
个圣诞老人，他认为这个只是穿着圣诞老人的一个人而已 ；但在商场，碰到另一个圣诞老
人，他却认为这个是真的，所以推知父母对迈克对圣诞老人的态度感到疑 惑。故选C。

(3)考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“He handed out presents and made us laugh. I had so
much fun. It was years later when I learned that our special Santa was our neighbor Mr. Mueller.”
可知，在圣诞节Mr. Mueller以圣诞老人的身份送出礼物。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及 细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需
要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文 进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。



6．阅读理解

Fall in Love With Your Writing With These Books!

Write Naked

ByJennifer Probst

WAS: $$16.99

NOW: $$15.99

Bestselling author Jennifer Probst reveals her pathway to success, from struggling as a new
writer to signing a seven-figure deal. Written in Probst's unmistakable and honest voice, Write
Naked mixes personal essays on craft with down-to-earth advice on writing romance in the digital
age.

Just Write

ByJames Scott Beli

WAS: $$17.99

NOW: $$10.99

Write yourself past fears, doubts and setbacks, using your desire writing excellence to deeply
involve yourself in the craft. In Just Write, you'll learn how to master the nuances(细微差别) of
fiction, discover what readers really want, and persevere through the challenges of getting
started, conquering writers block and dealing with rejection.

Damn Fine Story

By Chuck Wendig

WAS: $$17.99

NOW: $$8.99

Great storytelling is making readers care about your characters. And to tell a damn fine story,
you need to understand why and how that caring happens. Using a mix of personal stories, pop
fiction examples and traditional storytelling terms, The New York Times bestselling author Chuck
Wendig will help you internalize the feel of powerful storytelling,

Fearless Writing

By William Kenower

WAS: $$16.99

NOW:$$15.99

Filled with insightful wisdom and practical advice, Fearless Writing teaches you how to accept
the inner value of your work, enter a flow state while writing and overcome rejection, delay and
other obstacles that prevent your creativity. With Fearless Writing, you'll find the inner strength
to set on a brave journey and build a lifelong career in the process.

（1）Who shares hisher own writing experience with the readers?

A. Jennifer Probst. B. James Scott Beli. C. Chuck Wendig. D. William Kenower.

（2）Which book has the highest discount?

A. Write Naked. B. Just Write. C. Damn Fine Story. D. Fearless Writing.

（3）What do the four books have in common?

A. They are written by bestselling authors. B. They focus on traditional storytelling terms.

C. They show how to overcome rejection. D. They give some practical advice on writing

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

【 解析】【分析】本文是一则应用文，推荐了几本书，给读者在写作上给出了一些实用的
建议。

(1)考查细节理解。根据By Jennifer Probst部分中的“Written in Probst's unmistakable and
honest voice, Write Naked mixes personal essays on craft with down-to- earth advice on writing
romance in the digital age.”可知，Jennifer Probst. 与读者分享自己的写作经验。故选A。

(2)考查推理判断。根据Damn Fine Story部分中的“By Chuck Wendig WAS: $$17.99 NOW:
$$8.99”再结合另外三本书的价格可知，Damn Fine Story有最大的折扣。故选C。

(3)考查推理判断。这四本书都涉及到了写作，他们在 写作上给出了一些实用的建议。故选
D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断 两个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，要求考
生捕捉细节信息同时，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确 答案。



7．阅读理解

Dodder is an unusual and unwanted plant that attacks other plants. Except for its flowers, the
plant looks like spaghetti, a kind of noodles in the shape of long thin pieces that look like string
when they are cooked. It's almost leafless, thread-like stems hang down on top of other plants
that dodder needs to stay alive. Dodder does not produce its own food. Instead, it steals food
from other plants. It feeds by sucking juices from the plant which is wrapped around, often
making its host very weak or even killing it.

Dodder can find other plants by their smell. When a young dodder plant starts growing, it
follows the smell of plants it prefers, like tomato plants, potato plants, or other farm crops. Unlike
most plants that usually grow in the direction of light or warmth, a dodder plant will grow in the
direction of, for example, tomato smell—if a tomato happens to be growing nearby.

However, a young dodder plant must find a host plant quickly. It no longer needs its root once
it is attached to the host and wrapped around it. If it cannot catch a smell of a potential host
within a few days, it will dry up and vanish even if there is plenty of water around. Once it finds a
host, the young dodder plant will attach itself to it and start growing faster. At that point the
dodder plant will drop its root.

Dodder is thus a difficult weed to manage and a real headache for farmers. When it does get
out of hand, dodder can greatly reduce a farmer's harvest or even destroy crops completely.
Before sowing their produce, especially farmers in warm parts of the world often check to make
sure no unwanted dodder seeds have mixed with their crop seeds. This is a good way to stop

dodder plants from making their way to a crop field secretly.

（1）Why does the author mention spaghetti in the first paragraph?

A. To analyze the content of some food. B. To introduce the topic of this passage.

C. To tell the usage of the dodder plants. D. To describe the shape of dodder plants.

（2）What does the underlined word “vanish” in the third paragraph mean?

A. invade. B. grow. C. escape. D. disappear.

（3）What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Dodder doesn't produce its own food. B. Dodder gives off smell to attract plants.

C. Dodder can affect farmers' income. D. Dodder can only survive in the shade.

（4）What is the purpose of the passage?

A. To introduce a new variety of farm crops. B. To introduce plants that are harmful to
humans.

C. To introduce the special abilities of a dangerous plant. D. To introduce recent
improvements in farming methods.

【答案】（1）D

（2）D

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介 绍了一种有特殊生长习性，危害农作物生长的攀
附植物——菟丝子。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Except for its flowers, the plant looks like spaghetti, a kind
of noodles in the shape of long thin pieces that look like string when they are cooked.”可推断，
作者把菟丝子和意大利面条相 比是用人们熟悉的东西来说明它的形状，故选D。

(2)考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“If it cannot catch a smell of a potential host within a few
days, it will dry up”可知，菟丝子如果不能很快找到可以寄生的植物，它就会变干，因此推
断即使周围有许多 水它也会消失死亡。故画线词“vanish”与D项disappear“消失”意义相
近。故选D。

(3)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“When it does get out of hand, dodder can greatly reduce
a farmer's harvest or even destroy crops completely.”可知，当菟丝子失 去控制，也就是疯狂的
生长，菟丝子可以极大减少农民的收成，甚至完全摧毁庄稼。因此推断菟丝子会影 响农民
们的收入。故选C。

(4)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Dodder is an unusual and unwanted plant that attacks
other plants.”和下文对菟丝子特殊的生长习性和危害的叙述可知，文章的写作目的是主 要介
绍这种特殊又有危害的植物——菟丝子。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜 测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考
生根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答 案。



8．阅读理解

Do you have a spare room in your house? What about a driveway for your car? Both of these

can help you make money. Many people who are feeling the pinch are taking advantage of what's
been called the “sharing economy”.

Perhaps the best-known example of a company in this field is Airbnb---an American web
business which allows you to rent out your spare room to holidaymakers. It says it operates in
34,000 cities and it has over 1,500,000 seems to have concerned the market!

A British company is doing something with parking spaces. JustPark's founder, Anthony Eskinazi,
says,“When I had the original idea, Ispotted a driveway close to a sports stadium. It would have
been so convenient if I could have just parked in that driveway rather than in commercial car
park.” And he has a big clientele（客户）:around 20,000 people have advertised their spaces on
the site, and he says around half a million drivers use it. There are other sites doing very similar
things, like Uber and Lyft---these let drivers share their cars with other passengers. Any driver
knows how valuable a place to park is .A church near Kings Cross in central London has
apparently made over £200,000 by renting out space in its yard to travelers!

Because this is a new business world, those rules aren't there yet and many people are happy
to share...as long as it pays!

But the sharing economy has its critics: the competitors of these new companies. People who
run things like traditional B&B, commercial car parks and taxi services are afraid of ending up out
of pocket. And there is another issue: regulations on these new business are unclear. How will
renting out your driveway affect your neighbor?

（1）What does the underlined phrase “feeling the pinch” probably mean?

A. Lacking in money B. Full of curiosity

C. Willing to help others D. Unsatisfied with their life

（2）Who may be against the sharing economy?

A. A taxi driver who can't find a parking place B. A priest in the church near Kings Cross

C. A traveller who needs accomodiation D. A well-known high-end holiday hotel

（3）Why are many people pleased to share according to paragraph 4?

A. They can gain huge profits B. They needn't pay any fee

C. There are few rules to limit them D. The new business has no risks

（4）Which of the following words can best describe the booming business?

A. Creative and developed B. Competitive but unpractical

C. Effective and worrying D. Traditional and acceptable

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【 分析】本文是一片应用文，介绍了一些能够获益的方法与例子．文中通过几个
例子告诉我们只要能够用心 观察每一处的机会，你就会成功从中获益。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“Both of these can help you make money”推出feeling
the pinch指的是那些缺钱的人出租自己的东西来获取利润。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。 在第二和第三段举了很多出租自己物品的例子，如：出租车司机，教
堂里的牧师，旅行者。一家住房率很 高的知名酒店肯定不需要共享。故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“Because this is a new business world，those rules
aren't there yet and many people are happy to share-as long as it p ays!”这句话告诉我们这种共
享经济由于是新事物而且没有规则约束，受到很多人的欢迎。故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。文章介绍里一种出租自己闲置物品的赚钱途径即共享经济，可以带来< br>利益，但在最后一段中的“regulations on these new businesses are unclear”对这个新行业的规
则还不明确。所以确定答案为Effective but worrying。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型 的考查，是一篇介绍类阅
读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案 。


9．阅读理解

Many people have long dreamed of being able to fly around as simply as riding a bicycle. Yet
the safety and strength of a flying bike was always a big problem. Over the past 10 years,
developments in technology have moved the dream of personal flying vehicles closer to reality.
Now, two groups of inventors say such vehicles may be available soon.

The British company Malloy Aeronautics has developed a prototype (原型) of its flying bicycle.
Grant Stapleton, marketing sales director of Malloy Aeronautics, says the Hoverbike is able to get
in and out of small spaces very quickly.
can be folded and packed,

Mr. Stapleton says safety was the company's main concern. He says the designers solved the
safety issue by using overlapping rotors to power the vehicle.

The company is testing a full-size prototype of the Hoverbike, which will most likely be used
first by the police and emergency rescue teams.

In New Zealand, Martin Aircraft Company is also testing a full-size prototype of its personal
flying device, called the Jetpack. It can fly for more than 30 minutes, up to 1, 000meters high and
reach a speed of 74 kilometers per hour.

Peter Coker is the CEO of Martin Aircraft Company. He said the Jetpack
from the start
into the actual structure itself, very similar to a Formula One racing car.

The Jetpack uses a gasoline-powered engine that produces two powerful jet streams. Mr. Coker
says it also has a parachute that would be used, if there should be an emergency.
work at very low altitude and actually saves both the aircraft and the pilot,
says the Jetpack will be ready for sale soon.

（1）We can learn from the passage that the Hoverbike .

A. can hardly get in and out of small spaces quickly B. can fly for over 30 minutes, up to l,
000 meters high

C. has been used by the police and emergency rescue teams D. can be transported quickly
after being folded and packed

（2）Peter Coker uses the example of Formula One racing car to show that .

A. the Jetpack is very safe and reliable B. the engine of the Jetpack is powerful

C. the actual structure of the Jetpack is unique D. the Jetpack can reach a great speed and
height

（3）The underlined word

A. the jet stream B. the engine C. the Jetpack. D. the parachute

（4）What is the author's main purpose of writing the passage?

A. To describe the problems of inventing flying vehicles. B. To introduce the latest
development of flying vehicles.

C. To show the differences between two flying vehicles. D. To advertise the two personal
flying vehicles.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【 分析】本文是一篇说明文，很多人梦想可以像骑自行车一样飞。然而会飞的自
行车安全性是一个问题。文 章介绍了英国公司开发的一种会飞的自行车，以及其特点，比
如有一些会飞的自行车带有降落伞的装置。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“the Hoverbike is able to get in and out of small spaces
very quickly. It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed”,
可知，Hoverbike能够很快地进出小空间。它可快速地在大陆上移动，因为它可以折叠和包
装。 D项说在折叠和包装后可以快速运输，故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第六段Peter Coker说Jetpack从一开始就围绕安全进行的，安全
可靠性是最重要的因素。我们在车的现行 结构中植入了安全性，非常类似于Formula One
赛车。故选A。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute (降落伞) that
can be used should there be an emergency. “It starts to work at very low altitude ….”Coker先生
说Jetpack上也有降落伞，可以在紧急情况下使用。“ 在海拔非常低的情况下开始用它…”。
可知，Jetpack上的降落伞（它）是在海拔低时才用。由此 可知it指的是parachute “降落
伞” 故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意 。根据第一段可知，许多人一直梦想能像骑自行车一样简单的飞来飞
去，科技的发展让这个梦想很快实现 。然而飞行自行车的安全性和强度一直是个大问题。
接着下面叙述了两家研发飞行器的公司的最新的产品 ，新产品把安全放在首位。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和词义猜测和 主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一
篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的进行逻辑 推理，概括归
纳，从而选出正确答案。


10．阅读理解

It has been discovered that after the age of sixteen, the number of our brain cells begins to
decrease at a speed of several million a year. They simply die off. In certain types of activity, the
human brain is at its highest point in the early twenties, when it has collected enough
information to be able to use the vast number of cells freely in the most effective way. Pure
mathematics is one of the fields in which this happens, and we know that Albert Einstein made
all his world-shaking discoveries between the age of about 20 and 25, and spent the rest of his

life tidying them up and arranging them.

But in certain other types of activity (of which being an author is perhaps one), experience is
more important than sharpness of brain, and there one usually finds that a person reaches his or
her peak much later in life.

Besides sharpness of brain and experience, here is another thing that is very important, and
that is wisdom. One can have a very quick, inventive brain and plenty of experience, but if one
uses these foolishly, one harms both oneself and others. Wisdom does not always come with age
——there are plenty of foolish middle-aged people about ——but the average person tends to
learn wisdom as he gets older, usually by making painful of embarrassing mistakes. Leaning to be
wise is basically learning what is not possible; and what is possible but so difficult that it is not
worth all the trouble one has to go through to get there. Mostly, it is learning about human
nature; how real people behave and react, as against how one would like them to behave and
react. One can read and hear lot of idealistic stuff about how to make the world a better place,
which would be found if it was based on an accurate observation of human nature, but which is
basically a waste of time because it is not.

（1）According to the writer, the great discoveries made by Albert Einstein were mainly a result
in________.

of hard work

ess of the brain

experience

deep understanding of the nature

（2）Some people achieve success much later in life because .

work often requires much experience

do not have a chance to show their talents

have to learn lessons from failures

fail to realize earlier the importance of hard work

（3）The importance of wisdom lies in the fact that .

helps to avoid various mistakes

contributes to one's creativity

encourages one to go forward in face of difficulty

provides the right direction of efforts

（4）The writer came to believe that .

is always a waste of time to make plans about the future

is human nature to make attempts on what looks impossible

should always challenge the impossible to push the society forward

has to use wisdom in deciding what is the best thing to do

【答案】 （1）B

（2）A

（3）D

（4）D

【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人类的大脑在20岁左右于巅峰，在以后的成

就多数 是因为需要丰富的经验。除了头脑敏锐和经验丰富外，智慧也非常重要，因为智慧
为人们提供了正确的努 力方向。人们要用智慧来决定做什么才是最好的。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段“It has been discovered that after the age of sixteen, the
number of our brain cells begins to decrease at a speed of several million a year. They simply die
off. In certain types of activity, the human brain is at its highest point in the early twenties, ... and
we know that Albert Einstein made all his world-shaking discoveries between the age of about 20
and 25, and spent the rest of his life tidying them up and arranging them.” 人们发现，16岁以
后，我们的脑细胞数量开始以每年几 百万的速度减少。在某些类型的活动中，人类的大脑
在20岁早期处于巅峰状态,... 我们知道阿尔 伯特·爱因斯坦在20到25岁之间做出了所有震
惊世界的发现。用余生来整理和安排这些发现。根据对 爱因斯坦所的发现可知，他的伟大
的发现是在20-25岁之间，更是印证了人类大脑在20年代初达到 了巅峰，可推断出，本段
主要研究人类大脑巅峰期，故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段“But in certain other types of activity (of which being an
author is perhaps one), experience is more important than sharpness of brain, and there one
usually finds that a person reaches his or her peak much later in life. ”但在某些其他类型的活动
中(作家可能是其中一种)，经验比头脑的敏捷更重要，人们通常会发现一个 人在他一生的
晚期才达到顶峰。可推断出有些人在晚年取得成功是因为他们的工作中往往需要很多经验。故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Besides sharpness of brain and experience, here is
another thing that is very important, and that is wisdom.... Leaning to be wise is basically learning
what is not possible； and what is possible but so difficult that it is not worth all the trouble one
has to go through to get there. Mostly, it is learning about human nature；how real people
behave and react, as against how one would like them to behave and reac t.”除了敏锐的头脑和
丰富的经验外，还有一件事是非常重要的，那就是智慧。学习成为智者，要基本 的了解什
么是不可能的；学习有可能但又很困难的东西，以至于不值得一个人为了达到目的而付出
所有的努力。最重要的是了解人性，了解真实的人是如何行为和反应的，以及人们希望他
们如何行为和 反应的。由此可推断出智慧的重要性在于智慧能让人知道什么可做，什么不
能做，即为人提供正确的努力 方向。故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Leaning to be wise is basically learning what is not
possible；and what is possible but so difficult that it is not worth all the trouble one has to go
through to get there. Mostly, it is learning about human nature；how real people behave and
react, as against how one would like them to behave and react. One can read and hear lot of
idealistic stuff about how to make the world a better place, which would be found if it was based
on an accurate observation of human nature,”成为 智者，要大体上知道什么是不可能的。学
习有可能但又如此困难的东西，以至于不值得一个人为了达到目 的而付出所有的努力。最
重要的是学习人性，了解真实的人是如何行为和反应的，以及人们希望他们如何 行为和反
应的。人们可以读到和听到很多关于如何使世界变得更美好的理想主义的东西.......由 此可
推断出聪明的人必须运用智慧来决定最好要做什么事。故选D。

【点评】本题 考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进
行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答 案。