绍兴柯岩风景区-工程施工合同

英语阅读理解练习题及答案含解析

一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解

They say that an apple a day keeps the doctor away. Well, there is one lady who believes that
it's actually chocolate. At 102 years of age, she's living proof.

According to Boonville, Indiana's Eunice Modlin, a daily dose of chocolate has been the key to a
long and healthy life. Specifically, two pieces of dark chocolate. It's not just Eunice who believes
this.

Many scientists have attributed the sweet to health benefits such as lower chances of cancer,
cardiovascular disease, and diabetes.

However, researchers believe that Eunice might be overlooking the fact that she has never
smoked or drunk alcohol in her long life, and that chocolate might not be the significant cause of
her longevity.


Vanessa Rissetto said.

At any rate, Eunice is still alive and kicking. With four children, seven grandkids, 14 great-
grandkids and 11 great- great grandkids, this lady has a big family.

It must be noted that Eunice was also very athletic, being an archer in her 20s .Amazingly, she
has lived through tough times such as the Great Depression and World War II .Also, the healthy
blood runs through the veins of other family members. Eunice's brother is also still alive, at 101
years of age.

No matter what you might think, Eunice's consumption of chocolate can't be ignored. In 2015,
a BMJ study showed that a daily treat of one small bar would give the consumer 23% less chance
of having a stroke (中风).

What is in the sweet that makes it so beneficial? Apparently, cocoa beans have flavonoids,
plant nutrients that have useful antioxidants (抗氧化剂).


milk chocolate, and white chocolate—which does not actually contain chocolate—is not a good
source of flavonoids.

（1）According to the article, which of the following lead to Eunice Modlin's long and healthy
life?

a. two pieces of dark chocolate

b. genes

c. lifelong exercise

d. good diet

e. love of her large family

A. a, b, d B. b, c, d C. a, b, e D. a, c, d

（2）Rissetto thinks that .

A. chocolate is the most important thing that affects Eunice's health B. no smoking or
drinking contributes the most to Eunice's longevity

C. chocolate really has nothing to do with her long and healthy life D. Eunice's good diet

doesn't only mean taking chocolate every day

（3）What the author presented in the passage sounds .

A. persuasive B. objective C. subjective D. critical

（4）From the whole passage we can conclude that______________.

A. there's universal proof for what contributes to a long life B. it is generally accepted that
chocolate is the key to longevity

C. many factors may contribute to people's good health D. a bit of any chocolate a day keeps
the doctor away

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，美国印第安纳女性Eunice Modlin现在已经102岁 的
了，她认为自己长寿的秘密是每天吃巧克力，并分析了她长寿的原因以及巧克力对健康产
生影 响的原因。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第五段“‘There are so many other factors to her long life and
chocolate isn't the only one,’ nutritionist Vanessa Rissetto said. ‘Genes, her diet in general…are
probably the main reasons.’”可知研究人员认为Eunice Modlin长寿的原因有很多，基因、饮
食以及巧克力都起了作用。故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据最后一段“ ‘Not all chocolate is created equal,’ Rissetto warns. ‘Dark
chocolate has more flavonoids than milk chocolate, and white chocolate—which does not
actually contain chocolate—is not a good source of flavonoids.’”可知Rissetto认为只有黑巧克
力才黄酮，而 黄酮是抗氧化剂的很好的来源。Eunice的饮食不仅仅意味着吃巧克力，而要
吃黑巧克力。故选D。

（3）考查态度观点。本文是一篇说明文，美国印第安纳女性Eunice Modlin现 在已经102
岁的了，她认为自己长寿的秘密是每天吃巧克力，并分析了她长寿的原因以及巧克力对健< br>康的影响。文章中作者只是客观陈述事实，并没有发表个人观点，所以作者持客观的态
度。故选B 。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第五段“‘There are so many other factors to her long life and
chocolate isn't the only one,’ nutritionist Vanessa Rissetto said. ‘Genes, her diet in general…are
probably the main reasons.’”可知研究人员认为Eunice Modlin长寿的原因有很多，基因、饮< br>食以及巧克力都起了作用。同样人们的健康是受到不同因素的影响的，故选C。

【点评 】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和观点态度三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅
读，考生需要准确掌握 细节信息，并根据上下文的进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正
确答案。


2．阅读理解

As a volunteer teacher, I moved into an apartment with eagerness. Sorting all the necessary
paperwork out, I got ready to start my work. Great, or so I thought. At 4 a.m. and at several
intervals after that, I was rudely awaken by the cock that lives opposite me. Fantastic! I now have

5 extra alarms every morning.

In the following weeks, I also started to notice a trend. Things in my flat started to break at the
rate of one object per day, like the hot water line, bowls, cups, shower, doors or glass shelves. Yes,
I am clumsy but things just fell apart. If it wasn't broken, it would either be dirty or missing. Using
my washing basket for the first time was pretty disgusting. When I took out my clothes, they were
swiftly followed by a hundred or so bugs that were living in the bottom.

As for the general Lack of equipment in the hose, there was no oven. tin opener, or sharp
knives. It turns out making a vegetarian burger from scratch wasn't the best idea. I had a small
microwave and a grill. I thought the general understanding was never to put metal in a
microwave but I went on. Smoke soon started to appear. I'm not quite sure if it was the burger or
the grill but as soon as I opened the door, the electricity cut out, I spent the fallowing 10 minutes
in a dark, smoky room hunting for the power switch using the light from my mobile phone, which
broke the week after and left me without a connection to the outer world.

Luckily, I'm now borrowing a phone and my luck has returned. No more things have broken
(probably because there is nothing left to break). I am learning how to adapt to life with limited,
broken utensils (用具).

（1）How did the author feel about her new life upon her arrival?

was nervous to kick off the new job.

was annoyed with the rude students.

was full of enthusiasm about her new life.

was satisfied with five alarm clocks in her room.

（2）What was the trend in the following weeks?

flat became dirtier.

developed disability.

began to go wrong.

clothes needed mending.

（3）What happened when the author was making a burger?

suffered a big fire.

made a terrible mistake.

was seriously injured.

broke her phone accidentally.

（4）What can be inferred about the author from the end of the passage?

will go on living here.

will resign from her job.

will more into a new flat.

will buy new daily necessities.

【答案】 （1）C

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】 【分析】本文为一篇记叙文，作者去西班牙的一个漂亮小岛上做英语老师，虽然

拥有自己 的公寓，可是里边的生活用具很老旧，给作者的生活带来了诸多不便。这让作者
学会了如何利用有限的生 活用品去生活。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“As a volunteer teacher, I moved into an apartment with
eagerness. Sorting all the necessary paperwork out, I got ready to start my work. Great, or so I
thought.”可知，作者怀着迫切心情搬进公寓，整理好各种文件做好开始工作的准备，心想一切还不错。所以作者刚到的时候是满怀热情的。故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Things in my flat started to break at the rate of one
object per day, like the hot water line, bowls, cups, shower, doors or glass shelves.”；以及“If it
wasn't broken, it would either be dirty or missing. Using my washing basket for the first time was
pretty disgusting. When I took out my clothes, they were swiftly followed by a hundred or so bugs
that were living in the bottom.”可知，接下来的几周作者所住的房子里东西每天损坏 一件，
不坏的东西要么脏了，要么找不到了，洗衣篮里都是虫子。据此可推知，事情开始出问
题 。故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“ I thought the general understanding was never to put
metal in a microwave but I went on Smoke soon started to appear.”可知，作者本来知道不能把
将金属烤架放进微波炉里，但是她还是这样做了，导致冒烟 ，发生了故障。据此可知，作
者在做汉堡时犯了个错误。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“ I am also learning how to adapt to life with
limited， broken utensils(用具 )”可知，作者还在学习如何利用有限的破旧的日常用品适应生
活，因此推测她还会继续住在这里。故选 A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生 需
要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


3．阅读理解

The Wall Street Journal recently published an excellent article penned by Wendy Bounds on a
hot topic here at MNN: the air-purifying qualities of the common house plant. Given that the air
inside your home can be 2 to 5 times more polluted than the air outside of it, making it clean
with plants like peace lily (百合花) and asparagus fern (芦笋蕨) is an economical artistically
pleasing alternative to air purifiers. So it's been acknowledged that a bunch of pretty putted
houseplants can help you maintain a healthier home, but a smarter home?

That's the question in light of a recent study published by the Journal of Environmental
Psychology showing that the presence of plants in a room, particularly in an office environment,
can shrink attention span (范围). Struggling directive attention (the kind of attention that takes
effort) can be refreshed through exposure ho to naturalistic environments. Basically, taking a walk
through the park can clear one's head. But can a head be refreshed simply by being surrounded
by houseplants?

To test their theory, the study's authors rounded up a bunch of participants, put some of them
in a mom with no plants and put others in a room with our plants placed around a desk, and put
them all to the same series of tests. First was a Rearing Span Teat which involves reading a series
of sentences aloud and remembering the Last word in each sentence. This task requires that you

fluently switch between attention demanding tasks: from rending and memorizing at one
moment to writing and recalling at the next. Next came a proofreading task fallowed by another
Reading Span Test.

The results? Participants working in the room with the plants improved their performance from
the first Reading Span Test to the second while those working in the room lacking in greenery did
not. Consequently, the benefits of working among plants is indeed evident.

（1）What do we know from the first paragraph?

g indoors can help avoid the poorer air outdoors.

lants can Function as beautiful cheap air purifiers.

ng polled flowers as decorations is very interesting.

purifiers are the most effective to create a healthy home.

（2）What does the underlined part in paragraph 2 probably refer to?

one's attention.

b one's attention.

one's attention.

one's attention away.

（3）What does the test prove?

g in nature helps increase productivity.

lants will be in great demand in our life.

ry creates healthier naturalistic atmosphere indoors.

g among houseplants improves mental functioning.

（4）What can be a suitable title for the text?

s: Grand Feast to Eyes

ry: Effective Air-purifier

lants: Visual Brain Food

Plants: Great! House-beautifier

【答案】 （1）B

（2）A

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过实验说明室内植物可以很 好地提高人们的注意
力。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Given that the air inside your home can be 2 to 5 times
more polluted than the air outside of it, making it clean with plants like peace lily (百合花) and
asparagus fem (芦笋蕨) is a economical, artistically pleasing alternative to air purifiers .”可知，鉴
于室内空气污染比室外空气污染严重2到5倍，用百合花、芦笋蕨这些植物来取代空气净< br>化器净化室内空气即经济实惠又美观。故选B。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Struggling directive attention(the kind of attention that
takes effort can be refreshed through exposure to naturalistic environments.”可知，挣扎的注意
力(需要努力的注意力) 可以通过置身于自然环境中来恢复。据此可推知，缩小注意力范围

即指注意力得到恢复， 变得更专注。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Participants working in the room with the plants
improved their performance from the first Reading Span Test to the second while those working
in the room lacking in greenery did not. Consequently, the benefits of working among plants is
indeed evi dent.”可知，在有植物的房间里工作的参与者从第一次阅读广度测试到第二次阅
读广度测试的成绩 都有所提高，而在没有绿色植物的房间里工作的参与者则没有。因此，
在植物间工作的好处是显而易见的 。由此可知，这个测试的证实了在室内植物间工作可以
改善精神功能。故选D。

（ 4）考查主旨大意。根据全文内容可知本文介绍室内植物可以很好地提高人们的注意
力，对大脑的工作效 果起到积极作用。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型 的考查，是一篇科研类阅
读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分 析，推
理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。


4．阅读理解

The summer before my dad died, we moved house. Up until that point, our family had our own
space to spread out. Money was tight, so there was no television set, but we owned a turntable
on which my dad's records played constantly. Mostly, it played Bob Dylan. Tracks from The
Basement Tapes and Desire became an important part of our new life. My brother and I, aged 8
and 10, climbed trees, built hideaways and learned the words of Clothes Line Saga. We would
chant over the, lost in our own joy.

It was January when my dad left us forever because of the cancer. He was 36 going on 37 then,
the same age as Dylan. Afterwards, our laughter disappeared, but we kept on playing the records,
which became our only ritual of remembrance. The two men became so intertwined in my head,
I struggled to tell them apart.

Dylan was my dad's gift to me. What child wouldn't be fascinated by songs full of pirates and
seasick sailors? How did it feel to have No direction home? Farewell, Angelina became my party-
piece. I would sing this at church cheese and wines to the assembled audience. A lot of donations
were made.

Growing up, I remained a fan of the music, but I wasn't obsessed with Dylan until one day in
early 1995, my brother bought us both tickets to see him play at Brixton Academy. London felt
like a long way to go. But finally seeing Dylan step out onto the stage brought a sudden rush of
excitement.

I have seen Dylan a couple of times since. My brother is not around so much these days. But he
was up for a visit recently. We passed a happy evening laughing and drinking, while his son, aged
nine, performed his party—piece Subterranean Homesick Blues for us. He sang it word-perfect.
And so it goes on: Dylan's music as a gift, passed down the generations.

（1）What's the author's purposed of writing the passage?

A. To praise his late father. B. To tell about his family history.

C. To express his longing for family reunion. D. To show his love for Bob Dylan.

（2）The underlined word “ritual” in the second paragraph means “________”.

A. passion B. ceremony C. memory D. belief

（3）How did the author raise money in his childhood?

A. By singing a Dylan's song at church gatherings. B. By providing cheese and wines to church
prayers.

C. By playing a private in church performances. D. By accepting donations from the church.

（4）The recent visit of the author's brother indicates that ________.

A. his nephew was ever invited to play in Dylan's concert B. his brother has never seen a live
performance of Dylan

C. Dylan's music has influenced three generations of his family D. Subterranean Homesick
Blues is always his favourite song

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者表达自己对Bob Dylan的爱．Bob Dylan的音乐
影响了很多代人，作者曾经在教堂聚会上唱迪伦的歌来筹集钱。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Tracks from The Basement Tapes and Desire became an
important part of our new life.”；第二段中的“ we kept on playing the records, which became
our only ritual of remembrance. ”以及第三段中的“Dylan was my dad's gift to me.”和最后一段
中的“Dylan's music as a gift, passed down the generations”等信息讲述了作者从小到大一直以
来对Bob Dylan的喜欢和热爱，故选D。

(2)考查词义猜测。此处指父亲去世后我们的笑声消失了，但我们继续播放Bob Dylan的唱< br>片，这成了我们唯一的记忆仪式。“ritual”指仪式，与ceremony同义，故选B。

(3)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“I would sing this at church cheese and wines to the
assembled audience. A lot of donations were made.”可知作者在童年的时候通过在教堂聚会上
唱迪伦的歌来筹钱，故选A。

(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“But he was up for a visit recently. We passed a happy
evening laughing an drinking, while his son, aged nine, performed his party—piece Subterranean
Homesick Blues for us.和Dylan's music as a gift, passed down the generations.”可知哥哥带着儿
子拜访Bob Dylan及儿子演唱他的歌表明Bob Dylan对作者一家三代人的影响。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两 个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考
生根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。



5．阅读理解

The noise of chattering mouths subsided（平息）as the teacher entered classroom. “Good
morning class. I am Riffat Monaf, and I will be your geography teacher.” Riffat Monaf, an
interesting name and an even more interesting person. Her introduction took place about six
years ago, and since then I have never met a more influential person in my life.

Mrs Monaf not only conquered me with her vast knowledge of geography, but also won me

over with her smile and warm eyes. It was in her class that I traveled to the highest mountains
and to the deepest seas from the comfort of the classroom. I learned about the vast oceans, the
erupting volcanoes, the snow-capped mountains and the green valleys. She would often relate
her adventures about traveling to different parts of the world.

Never can I forget the glory of her face when she talks about how truly beautiful this world is. If
I search back my love for the environment and geography, I find her to be the source of my love
for preserving nature. If one day I became an environmentalist, I know that I'll thank her for it.
Apart from this, she has always greeted me with open arms and she calls her students “my
children”. Mrs Monaf's morals and values rubbed off me deeply and I have always taken her
advice into consideration. She has been one of the most consistently good things in my life.

Currently, she is fighting a battle against breast cancer, and it pains me to know that after all
she has done for me; I can do nothing for her except pray. Whenever I see her in school, she still
keeps that kind smile and an expression so soft that it trembles my heart. Mrs Monaf still talks
enthusiastically about geography, and I know that I can never see what a truly great person she
has been in my life. .

（1）What can we learn from the second paragraph?

A. The writer traveled a lot. B. Mrs Monaf was a learned person.

C. The writer did well at school. D. Mrs Monaf enjoyed telling stories.

（2）The underlined word “rubbed off” means .

A. moved B. shocked C. influenced D. defeated

（3）What do we know from the last paragraph?

A. Mrs. Monaf was an optimistic person. B. Breast cancer made Mrs. Monaf upset.

C. Another great person may appear in my life. D. Praying for Mrs. Monaf made the writer
tremble.

（4）What would be the best title for the passage?

A. My Interesting School Life B. The Teacher-student Friendship

C. An Influential Person in My Life D. Brave Fight Against Breast Cancer

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了生命中有影响力的人。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Mrs Monaf not only conquered me with her vast
knowledge of geography, but also won me over with her smile and warm eyes”.可知Mrs Monaf
是一个有学问的人。故选B。

(2)考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“If one day I became an environmentalist, I know that I'll
thank her for it. ”如果有一天我成为了环保主义者，我知道我会感谢她的。；“Apart from this,
she has always greeted me with open arms and she calls her students ‘my children’”.除此之外，
她总是张开双臂欢迎我，她称她的学生为“我的孩子”。；“ Mrs Monaf's morals and values
rubbed off me deeply and I have always taken her advice into consideration.”Mrs Monaf'的道德
和价值观深深地影响了我，我也一直把她 的建议考虑进去。由此可推知划线部分的意思是

“影响”，故选C。

(3)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Whenever I see her in school, she still keeps that kind
smile and an expression so soft that it trembles my heart. Mrs Monaf still talks enthusiastically
about geography, and I know that I can never see what a truly great person she has been in my
life. ”可知Mrs. Monaf是一个乐观的人。故选A。

(4)考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Riffat Monaf, an interesting name and an even more
interesting person. Her introduction took place about six years ago, and since then I have never
met a more influential person in my life.”可知讲述的是“我生命中有影响力的人”。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅
读，要求考生 根据上下文进行分逻辑推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。



6．阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Youth football team members rescued more than two weeks after sudden flooding trapped
them in a cave in Thailand are now being well looked after at a hospital in the northern city of
Chiang Rai. In addition to treating the boys for potential body fluid loss, inadequate nutrition and
lack of oxygen, their doctors also plan to closely monitor them for symptoms of diseases that may
have been infected by animals living in the cave.


provides a different environment, which might contain animals that could transmit…disease,
said the local hospital. The boys and their family members have been told to watch for symptoms
such as headache, nausea(反胃), muscle pain or difficulty breathing, the reports added.

Yet based on the location where the boys were trapped—more than four kilometers from the
cave complex's main entrance, past some fully submerged passages—and the fact they have been
swimming out wearing full scuba face masks, it seems unlikely that they were living with bats in
the cave or breathed in bat-associated bacteria during their rescue, several infectious disease
experts said.
passageways, but it is possible,
School of Public Health at Columbia University.
there,notes Jonathan Epstein, a doctor at EcoHealth Alliance, a nonprofit organization that
studies diseases and how to prevent them. Bats typically like to rest in areas they can easily enter
and exit, not in places that fully flood, he adds.

Bats in Thailand have been linked with a wide range of viruses that are similar to severe acute
respiratory syndrome (SARS)—Lipkin says. But it seems more likely the boys would have been
exposed to infection- causing bacteria when they swam through the dirty water with cuts and
scrapes.
one would be psychological damage and second will be bacterial infections from the cuts and
scrapes they may have encountered.

（1）According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the potential symptom of the
rescued team members?

A. Lacking body water B. Unbalanced nutrition

C. Pain in the head and muscles D. Adequate oxygen

（2）The underlined word

A. under the water B. wild and dangerous C. with animals D. bat-associated

（3）Which is true about the caves and the trapped people?

A. Jonathan Epstein thought it possible for the team members to be attacked by bats in the fully-
flooded cave. B. Lipkin argued bats were not able to get deep into the narrow cave where
the kids were trapped.

C. Lipkin said the victims might be infected when their body were exposed to bacterial water
during the rescue. D. Lipkin believed the most important issue for the cave-trapped
teenagers was infectious bacteria examination.

（4）What is the text type of the passage?

A. An academic essay about bats. B. A newspaper article.

C. A medical magazine. D. A Thai website about sports.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，讲述了突然爆发的洪水把一支 泰国少年足球队困
在山洞达两周多，之后全部获救，正在北部城市清雷的一家医院接受良好的治疗。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“In addition to treating the boys for potential body fluid
loss, inadequate nutrition and lack of oxygen, their doctors also plan to closely monitor them for
symptoms of diseases that may have been infected by animals living in the cave.”除了治疗男孩
潜在的体液流失，营养不足和缺乏氧气，他们的医生还计划密切监测他们可能被洞穴里的
动物感染的疾病 症状，D项是足够的氧气，可知选D。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“more than four kilometers from the cave complex's
main entrance, past some fully submerged passa ges”离山洞的主要入口不止四公里，经过一些
完全淹没的通道，可知submerged识“淹没” 之意，故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“
health care for these kids, number one would be psychological damage and second will be
bacterial infections from the cuts and scrapes they may have encountered”如果你想优先考虑这
些孩子的健康问题，第一 是心理伤害，其次是他们可能遇到的伤口和擦伤引起的细菌感
染，故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，这是一篇新闻报道，故选B。

【点评】本题考 点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报
道，考生在准确掌握细节信息的同 时，需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答
案。


7．阅读理解

Imagine yourself on the other side of the college admissions desk. It's not so glorious,
apparently. At the very least, you need to be good-natured. Joseph Connolly, a guidance

counselor at New Oxford High School in the United States, wanted to know the things that annoy
admissions officers the most. He sent out a request to members of the National Association for
College Admissions Counselors and received hundreds of responses. Apparently, college
admissions officers were waiting for an opportunity to unload their frustrations. The responses
fall into several areas:

Communication

Silly or stupid email addresses; sending emails that use texting shorthand, such as
some1 2 call me.

Leaving a message with just a first name and no telephone number. For example,
Suzie. Please call me back.

Acting distracted during a one-on-one interview; nervous habits like foot-tapping or


Not responding to emails from the admissions office.

Over-involved parents

The very common comment from parents,

Parents attending interviews, and worse yet, speaking for their children.

Essays

Not identifying which question they are responding to.

Writing about something they were great at in the seventh grade but haven't pursued since
then.

（1）What is the purpose of the text?

A. To complain about the process of college application. B. To provide tips for college
students in achieving high grades.

C. To list unwelcome behaviors in college application. D. To prove that admission officers are
under great pressure.

（2）Which behavior may leave admission consolers a bad impression?

A. To use inappropriate and incomplete language. B. To leave a complete telephone number.

C. To focus on the interview and stay calm. D. To reply to e-mails quickly.

（3）What should parents avoid doing in an interview?

A. Letting kids to fill in the application form. B. Attending the interview on time.

C. Getting dressed neatly for the interview. D. Answering questions for their kids.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了学生申请大学时出现的一 些令招生人员烦恼
的不好的行为。

（1）考查写作目的。根据第一段中的“Joseph Connolly, a guidance counselor at New Oxford
High School in the United States, wanted to know the things that annoy admissions officers the
most.”和“The responses fall into several areas:”可推断，文章的写作目的是为读者列出在申请
大学时不受欢迎的行为。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据● Communication部分中的“Silly or stupid email addresses; sending

emails that use texting shorthand, such as “im w8ing 4 somel 2 call me.”可知，使用不合适的和
不完整的语言会给招生人员留下不好的印象。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据● Over-involved parents部分中的“Parents attending interviews, and
worse yet, speaking for their children.”可知，父母不应该在面试中为代替孩子回答问题。故
选D。

【 点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和写作目的两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考
生准确捕捉细节信 息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。


8．阅读理解

Spider monkeys have long, thin arms with hook like hands that allow them to swing through
the trees. They do not have opposable thumbs(对生拇指).

The brown-headed spider monkey has a prehensile(缠绕性的)tail, which means it can grasp
and can be used like a fifth leg to grab trees. During the day, the spider monkey searches for fruits,
which make up the main part of its diet. They will also eat flowers, seeds, leaves, and small
insects during the dry season when fruits aren't available. They spend most of the daylight hours
climbing and swinging through the high branches of trees.

The brown-headed spider monkey lives in a large community of about 20 to 100 male and
female monkeys. They split into smaller groups for feeding. Females usually give birth to only a
single baby each year or two. Young monkeys are carried on their mothers' stomachs until about
16 weeks old. Then they are strong enough to ride on their mothers' backs. All brown-headed
spider monkey babies are born with a pink face and ears.

Spider monkeys hug each other and wrap their tails around each other. They are very
intelligent and have strong memories. They were named spider monkeys because they look like
spiders as they hang upside down from their tails with arms and legs swinging. Their genus
(属)name is Ateles, which means “imperfect”. This refers to the fact that they don't have thumbs.

Hunting the brown- headed spider monkey is now barred in Ecuador, a country in northwestern
South America, but humans have killed them for their meat for hundreds of years.

（1）Spider monkeys live mostly on ________.

A. insects B. fruits C. flowers D. leaves

（2）What can we learn about spider monkeys?

A. They have five legs B. They live in small groups

C. Their tails can take their weight D. Their genus is the same as spiders'

（3）What does the underlined word “barred” in the last paragraph refer to?

A. Permitted B. Forbidden C. Encouraged D. Ignored

（4）Where do newly-born spider monkeys stay?

A. In a large community B. In trees with high branches

C. On their mothers' backs D. On their mothers' stomachs

【答案】 （1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D
< br>【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了蜘蛛猴。蜘蛛猴主要以水果为食，当水果不
够时，也 可以以花朵，种子，树叶和小昆虫为食。蜘蛛猴是群居动物，小蜘蛛猴挂在妈妈
的腹部，直到它们16周 大可以骑在妈妈的背上。但人类捕杀蜘蛛猴已经几百年了。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的The brown- headed spider monkey lives in a large
community of about20to100 male and female monkeys.”这只棕色的蜘蛛猴生活在一 个大的社
区里,大约有20到100只雄性和雌性猴子,故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“ Spider monkeys hug each other and wrap their tails
around each other. They are very intelligent and have strong memories .蜘蛛猴互相拥抱.互相
用尾巴包围。他们非常聪明有很强的记忆。他们叫蛀蛛猴是因为他们看起来像蛀 蛛挂颠倒
与胳膊和腿摆动尾巴。可以推断出他们的尾巴可以承受他们的体重。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Hunting the brown-headed spider monkey is now
barred in Ecuador, a country in northwestern South America, but humans have killed them for
their meat for hundreds of years.”蜘蛛猴互相拥抱,互相用尾巴包围。他们非常聪明,有很强的
记忆。他们叫蜘蛛猴 是因为他们看起来像蜘蛛挂颠倒与胳膊和腿摆动尾巴。故选B。

（4）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Young monkeys are carried on their mothers' stomachs
until about 16 weeks old.”意思是“年轻的猴子是在母亲的肚子直到16周大。”故选D。

【点评】本题考点 涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上 下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答
案。


9．阅读理解

I stood in a noisy group of sixth grade students, waiting for the answer to our burning question:
What type of crazy tie would Mr. Miller be wearing today?

Our teacher walked around the comer with a GREEN ELEPHANT TIE that matched his large
elephant coffee cup! Oh, the satisfaction in our young hearts—a green elephant tie!

With his glasses at the tip of his nose, he greeted us cheerfully, “Good morning, folks!” He was
strange and unique and he brightened every day for us. He was the most dynamic teacher I had
ever met.

I loved music, so I remember how excited I was when he said he was going to give us music
lessons. But when he turned on the music, my classmates and I slowly turned our heads toward
the sound of… Feter Paul and Mary singing “If I Had a Hammer”.

Snickers（窃笑）filled the room. If it wasn't rap or hip hop, we didn't recognize it. What were
these people singing about? My classmates were not into this at all. But for me, a girl of 12, it was
a discovery. An awakening.

Twenty years passed and now there are forty little eyes staring at my wild musical-note shirts
as I greet them with a joyful, “Good morning, class!” I wonder if my students wait and wonder
what crazy music clothes I will wear each day.

I glance at my 2015 Teacher of the Year Award, which I received for being a dynamic teacher
And I smile to myself, wondering which child in front of me will carry this on－as I've carried on

the legacy（遗产）of Mr. Miller.

One teacher, who dared to be different and open new worlds to kids like me, threw the
significant stone into the pond of my life. I pray the ripples（涟漪）never end.

（1）What can we infer about Mr. Miller?

A. He was an animal protector. B. He didn't take his work seriously.

C. He often dressed up in an unusual way. D. He often asked his students burning questions.

（2）How did the author react to the song “If I Had a Hammer”?

A. Puzzled. B. Disappointed. C. Uninterested. D. Excited.

（3）What does the underlined word “this” in the text refer to?

A. A kind heart. B. The smile. C. A gift for music. D. The love for teaching.

（4）What is the author's purpose in writing this text?

A. To prove her love for music. B. To show a teacher's effect on her.

C. To call on students to take up teaching. D. To share her experience in music learning.

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】文章通过自己的经历讲述了老师对自己的影响。

（1）推理判断题 。根据文章第二段可知作者的老师系了个绿色的大象领结来搭配他的大象
咖啡杯，再根据第三段He was strange and unique and he brightened every day for us. He was
the most dynamic teacher I had ever met.可以推断出他经常打扮地与众不同。故答案为C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第四段I loved music, so I remember how excited I was when he said
he was going to give us music lessons.可知，作者很兴奋。故答案为D。

（3）词义猜测题。根据文章倒数第二段I glance at my 2015 Teacher of the Year Award, which
I received for being a dynamic teacher And I smile to myself, wondering which child in front of me
will carry this on—as I've carried on the legacy (遗产) of Mr. Miller.可知，作者想知道哪位学生
能像自己一样把老师对自己的影响--- 对教学的热爱继续下去。故答案为D。

（4）写作意图。文章前几段介绍了作者的老师对自己 的影响，6，7，8段讲到自己作为老
师也希望呢个向老师一样自己能对学生产生影响。所以，文章的写 作意图是为了表明老师
对自己的影响。故答案为B。

【点评】写作意图、目的、态度推断题

作者的语气态度往往不会直接写在文章里，只 能通过细读文章，从作者的选词及其修饰手
段中体会出来。主要命题为：1）询问写作目的的题， 2）询问语气态度的题。


10．阅读理解

Learning, Fast and Deep

Over the past five years researchers in artificial intelligence have become the rock stars of the
technology world. A branch of AI known as deep learning, which uses neural(神经的) networks to
scan through large volumes of data looking for patterns, has proven so useful that skilled
practitioners can command high six-figure salaries to build software for Amazon, Apple, Facebook

and Google.


The standard route into these jobs has been a PhD in computer science from one of America's
top universities. Earning one takes years and requires a personality suited to academia, which is
rare among more normal folk.

That is changing.

Last month , a non-profit education organization based in San Francisco, kicked off the
third year of its course in deep learning. Since its foundation it has attracted more than 100, 000
students around the globe from India to Nigeria. The course and others like it, come with a
simple idea: there is no need to spend years obtaining a PhD in order to practise deep learning.
Creating software that learns can be taught as a craft, not as a high intellectual pursuit to be
undertaken only in an ivory tower. Fast. ai's course can be completed in just seven weeks.

To make it accessible to anyone who wants to learn how to build AI software is the aim of
Jeremy Howard, who founded with Rachel Thomas, a mathematician. He says school
mathematics is sufficient.
fist for punctuation.

Some experts worry that this will serve only to create a flood of unreliable AI systems which
will be useless at best and dangerous at worst. In the earliest days of the Internet, only a select
few nerds, namely computer holies with specific skills, could build applications. Not many people
used them. Then the invention of the World Wide Web led to an explosion of web pages, both
good and bad. But it was only by opening up to all that the Internet gave birth to online shopping,
instant global communications and search. If Mr. Howard and others have their way, making the
development of AI software easier will bring forth a new crop of fruit of a different kind.

（1）What can we learn about deep learning?

A. It replaces artificial intelligence. B. It attracts rock stars to practice.

C. It scans patterns for large companies. D. It helps technicians to create software.

（2）Fast. ai is an organization that .

A. ensures one to obtain a PhD B. teaches craft in ivory tower

C. offers a course in deep learning D. requires weeks to apply

（3）The underlined words

A. easy B. difficult C. interesting D. boring

（4）It can be inferred from the last paragraph that .

A. it is quite reliable for anyone to grasp artificial intelligence

B. the Internet has brought forth a flood of useless AI systems

C. opening up to all leads to instant global search and online shopping

D. simplifying software development may result in unexpected outcomes

【答案】 （1）D

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文， 人工智能的深度学习被证明很有用，霍华德和数学
家托马斯一起创办的非营利性教育机构致力于让深度学 习变得简单。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”A branch of AI known as deep learning, which uses
neural networks to scan through large volumes of data looking for patterns…build software for
Amazon, Apple, Facebook and Google.“可知AI技术的一个分 支、运用神经网络处理大量数据
并从中寻找模式的深度学习被证明非常有用，亚马逊、苹果、Faceb ook和谷歌愿意开出
六位数高薪，聘请熟练的专业人员编写软件。这说明深度学习能帮助编写软件，故 选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的”Last month fast. ai, a non-profit education organization
based in San Francisco, kicked off the third year of its course in deep learning.“可知。上月，位
于旧金山的非营利性教育机构 进入了它开办深度学习课程的第三年。也就是说fast.
ai是一个提供深度学习课程的组织，故选C。

（3）考查句义猜测。根据五段中的”To make it accessible to anyone who wants to learn …He
says school mathematics is sufficient.“可知让深度学习不再神秘是杰里米·霍华德的目标，为
此，他和数学家 雷切尔·托马斯一起创立了，让任何想学习编写AI软件的人都能学习
这门技术。霍华德说有中学数学知 识就足够了。这说明的课程很简单，仅需要中学
数学知识。因此霍华德说Greek. Letters”没有，希腊，字母“是想说fast, ai的深度学习
课程很简单。故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”If Mr Howard and others have their way, making the
development of AI software easier will bring forth a new crop of fruit of a different kind. “如果霍
华德和其他人如愿以偿，那么让A I软件开发变得更容易将会催生出一批新的不同的果实。
由此推断简化软件开发可能会导致意料之外的结 果。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一 篇科研类阅
读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。