最新高考英语阅读理解练习题(附答案).doc
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最新 高考英语 阅读理解练习题 (附答案 )
一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
If American
waterways had ever been voted on the yearbook, the
Buffalo River could easily
have been named
Ugliest. It could be hard to find hope there. It
took decades for public perception
of the
river to shift. But activist citizens, who
collaborated with industry, government, and
environment groups never gave up on
their polluted river —the Buffalo River gradually
went
from being considered a lost cause to a
place worth fighting for. And by now the
cleaned
water is one of Buffalo'S biggest
attractions.
By the 1960s, the river was seen
as one of the worst sources of pollution pouring
into the Great
Lakes. The Buffalo River had
caught fire many times. The surface had an oily
layer, and any fish
caught there were not
eatable.
The waterway's fate started shifting
in the mid-1960s. Stanley Spisiak was a local
Polish—
American jeweler by day, but by
evening he was the kind of guy who'd chase down
dumpers( 垃圾
车 )he spotted on the Buffalo River.
By 1966 he found himself winning the National
Wildlife
Federation's
Buffalo River. —the
river was still declared biologically
—up
dead in 1969.
Jill Spisiak
Jedlicka is his great-grandniece. She picks up
where he left off by directing the river's
protector organization, Buffalo Niagara
Waterkeeper. Professor Schneekloth and seven
friends
founded the organization as an all-
volunteer nonprofit in 1989, after organizing the
first river cleanup
that year. Today the group
employs 27 full-time workers and has helped
oversee the Buffalo River's
$$100 million
restoration.
So far, the Buffalo River's water
quality has restored, but it is still an ongoing
issue, as sewage(污
水 )can overflow into the
river after storms. Habitat restoration continues
as well; fish and plantings
are still being
sampled to measure how well it's gone.
（ 1）
What did the Buffalo River use to be?
A. A waterway on the
yearbook.
C. A great attraction of
Buffalo's.
B. A river heavily polluted.
D. A place worth fighting for.
（ 2） Why
was k named
A. Because his fate
shifted in the 1 960s.
B. Because he spotted
dumpers on the River.
C. Because he spared no
efforts to protect the river.
D. Because the river was declared
biologically dead.
（ 3） How long did it take
for the river to restore?
A. More than half a
century.
B. Just four decades.
C.
About 30 years.
D. Only 27 years.
（ 4）
What can be a suitable title for this text?
A.
The restoration of the Buffalo River
C.
The future of the Buffalo River
【答案】 （ 1）
B
B. Stanley Spisiak: The
D. River
protection: A long way to go
（ 2） C
（ 3）
A
（ 4） A
【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了被污染的
the Buffalo River 的恢复。
（
1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的” nevergave up on their
polluted river —the Buffalo
River
gradually went from being considered a lost cause
to
a place worth fighting for.
；第二段“
中的 ”By the 1960s， the river was seen
as one of the worst sources of pollution pouring
into the
Great Lakes. The Buffalo River had
caught fire many times. The surface had an oily
layer ，and any
fish caught there were not
eatable . “可知， the Buffalo River 过去是一条被严重污染的河。故选
B。
（ 2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的
” Stanley
Spisiak was a local Polish American jeweler— by
day， but by evening he was the kind of guy
who'd chase down dumpers(
垃圾车 )he spotted
on
the Buffalo River. By 1966 he found
himself winning the National Wildlife Federation's
Conservationist of the Year‘ MrBuffalo.
River. 可’
知， Mr. Spisiak 被称为 “o River
是因”为他不遗余力地保护这条河。故选 C。
（ 3）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“ Ittook decades for public perception
of
the river to
shift.
公”众对这条河的看法改变花了几十年的时间；第二段中的 “ By the 1960s， the
river was
seen as one of the worst sources of
pollution pouring into the Great Lakes.
到了 20
世纪 60 年
代，这条河被认为是五大湖最严重的污染源之一。；以及最后一段中的
“Sofar， the
Buffalo
River's water
quality has restored ，”到目前为止，布法罗河的水质已经恢复
”可知，这条河花
了多半个世纪才恢复。故选A。
（
4）考查主旨大意。第一段和第二段说明了 the Buffalo River
严重受污染的情况，第三、
四段介绍了为改变污染状况所做的努力，以及最后一段中的
“Sofar， the
Buffalo River's
water
quality has restored ， but it is still an ongoing
issue， as sewage(污水 )can overflow
into
the
river after storms. Habitat restoration
continues as well ； fish and plantings are
still
being
sampled to measure how well
it's
gone. 是”其现状。综上可知，本文讲述的是被污染的
the
Buffalo River 的恢复。故选 A。
【点评】本题
考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅
读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信
息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正
确答案。
2．阅读理解
On average, Americans spend about 10 hours a
day in front of a computer or other electronic
devices and less than 30 minutes a day
outdoors. That is a claim made by David Strayer, a
professor of psychology at the University of
Utah. In his 2017 TED Talk, Strayer explained that
all
this time spent with technology is making
our brains tired.
Using an electronic device
to answer emails, listen to the news and look at
Facebook puts a lot
of pressure on the front
of the brain, which, Strayer explains , is
important for critical (
有判断力
的
)thinking , problem-solving and decision-making.
So, it is important to give the brain a rest.
And being in naure, Strayer claims, helps get a
tired
”
brain away from too much technology. More than
15,000 campers from around the world attended
an international camping festival in
September. That is when friends and family take
time off and
escape to nature for several
days. They take walks, climb, explore, swim,
sleep, eat and play.
Camping may be just what
a tired brain needs.
Take Carl for
example .He lives in West Virginia and enjoys
camping. He says that staying
outdoors makes
him feel at ease. It also prepares him for the
work he must do. Kate Somers is
another
example who also lives in West Virginia. She says
she enjoys camping with her husband
and two children. She
calls it a regenerative“” experience.
At the
University of Utah, David Strayer has studied both
short-term and long-term exposure to
nature.
He found that spending short amounts of time in
nature without technology does calm
the brain
and helps it to remember better. However, he
found, it is the long-term contact with
nature
that does the most good. He and his research team
found that spending three days in
nature
without any technology is enough time for the
brain to fully relax and reset itself.
（ 1）
What is David Strayer's opinion?
（ 2） Why does
Strayer insist we go outdoors?
A. To try another
lifestyle.
C. To make better
decisions.
（3） What does the und erlined
word
A. Reborn
B. Memorable
B. To refresh our brain.
D. To play with
our family and friends.
“regenerative
” mean?
C. Remarkable
D. Tiring
（ 4） Which is the proper title for the
passage?
A. Electronic Equipment Harms the
Brain.
C. Tips on Using New
Technologies.
【答案】 （ 1） C
（2） B
B. Good Rest Develops Good Memory.
D.
Being in Nature Is Good for the Brain.
（3） A
（4） D
【解析】
【分析】本文属于科普文，主要阐述电子产品的过多使用让大脑得不到休息，因
而鼓励人们多进行户外活动，让大脑休息。
（
1）推理判断题。根据第二段
Using an electronic device to
answer emails, listen to the news
and
look at Facebook puts a lot of pressure on the
front of the brain
可知，电子产品和网络信
息给我们带了方便，也给我们大脑产生了巨大的压力，故可知，科技是一把双刃剑，故选
C。
（ 2）细节理解题。根据第三段
So, it is important to
give the brain a rest. And being in nature ,
Strayer claims , helps get a
tired brain away from too much technology.
以让我们疲惫的大脑远离科技产品，让大脑获得休息，故选
B。
可知，亲近大自然，可
（ 3）词义猜测题。根据前文
Take
Carl for example .He lives in West Virginia and
enjoys
camping. He says that staying
outdoors makes him feel at ease. It also prepares
him for the work
he must do.
可知，喜欢露营，呆在户外让他感到轻松，能够为必须做的工作做好准备，故
可知这个过程是一个再生的过程，让大脑休息的过程，故选
A。
（ 4）主旨大意题。本文主要阐述电子产品的过多使用让大脑得不到休息，因而鼓励人们
多进行户外活动，让大脑休息，故选
D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断
，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一
篇说明类阅读，要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼
），然后以此为线索，运用略
读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味
，同时根据上
下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
Last week, Vodafone started a
test of the UK's first full 5G service, available
for use by
businesses in Salford. It is part
of its plan to trial the technology in seven UK
cities. But what can we
expect from the next
generation of mobile technology?
One thing we
will see in the preparation for the test is lots
of tricks with the new tech. Earlier
this
year, operators paid almost ￡ 1.4 billion for the
5G wavelengths, and to compensate for that cash,
they
will need to catch the eye of
consumers. In September, Vodafone used its bit of
the
range to display the UK's first hologram (
全息 ) call. The Manchester City captain Steph
Houghton
appeared as a hologram in Newbury. It
isn't all holograms, however: 5G will offer faster
internet
access, with Ofcom ( 英国通讯管理局 )
suggesting that video that takes a minute to
download on
4G will be available in just a
second.
The wider application is to support
connected equipment on the of things-not
just
the internet-enabled fridge that can reorder your
milk for you, but the network that will
enable
driverless cars and delivery drones ( 无人机 ) to
communicate with each other.
Prof William Webb
has warned that the technology could be a case of
the emperor's new clothes.
Much of the speed
increase, he claims, could have been achieved by
putting more money in the 4G
network, rather
than a new technology. Other different voices have
suggested that a focus on rolling
out wider
rural broadband access and addressing current
network coverage would be more
beneficial to
the UK as a whole.
Obviously,
5G will also bring a cost to consumers. It
requires a handset for both 5G and 4G, and
the
first 5G-enabled smart phones are expected in the
coming year. With the slow pace of network
rollout so far, it is likely that consumers
will end up upgrading to a new 5 G phone well
before 5 G
becomes widely available in the
next couple of years.
（ 1） Why does Prof William Webb say
clothes
A. He is in favor of the
application of the new technology.
B. 5G will
bring a cost to consumers in their daily life.
C. 5G helps people communicate better with
each other.
D. He prefers more money to be
spent on 4G networks.
（ 2） The underlined word
to________.
A. making a speech to
B. trying
to solve
.
C. managing to decrease D.
responding to
（3） The last paragraph indicates
that
A. it'll take several years .to make
5G accessible to the public in the UK
B. 5G
service shows huge development potential and a
broad market
C. customers are eager to use 5G
smart phones instead of 4G ones
D. it's
probable that 5G network rollout is speeding up in
Britain
（ 4） What do we know about the text?
A. Vodafone is successful in spreading the 5G
service.
B. Steph Houghton appeared as a
hologram by 4G.
C. The application of 5G will
make life much easier.
D. 5G phones are
available in rural areas of the UK.
【答案】 （ 1）
D
（ 2） B
（ 3） A
（
4） C
【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是
更多的好处，使人们的生活更加舒适。
4G 向 5G 的转变。 5G 会给人们带来
（ 1）细节理解题。根据第四段中 Prof William Webb has
warned that the technology could be a
case of the emperor's new clothes. Much of the
speed increase, he claims, could have been
achieved by putting more money in the 4G
network, rather than a new technology.
可知，
Prof
William Webb 说 “这项技术可能是皇帝新衣的一个例子
”是因为他更愿意把更多的钱花在 4G 网络
上。故选 D。
（
2）词义猜测题。根据第四段中 Other different voices have
suggested that a focus on rolling out
wider
rural broadband access and addressing current
network coverage would be more beneficial to
the UK as a whole. 其“他不同的声音表示，集中精力推广更广泛的农村宽带接
入，解决目前的网络覆盖问题，将对整个英国更有利。 ”由此推知划线词的意思是
“试图解决”。
故选 B。
（ 3）推理判断题。根据最后一段 With
the slow pace of network rollout so far, it is
likely that
consumers will end
up upgrading to a new 5 G phone well before 5 G
becomes widely available in
the next couple
of years.可知，最后一段指出，让
故选 A。
5G
在英国向公众开放需要几年的时间。
（ 4）推理判断题。根据第二段中 5G will
offer faster internet access, with Ofcom ( 英国通讯管理局
)
suggesting that video that takes a minute to
download on 4G will be available in just a
second.可知， 5G 的应用将使生活变得更容易。故选
C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅
读，要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的
技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，同时根据上下文进行分
析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．阅读理解
Everybody, at
some point in their lives, has experienced
failure. It could be something as
simple as
not getting the job you wanted, or getting fewer
marks even after hard work. But what
makes you
is not your failure, but how you get back up after
being hit.
Once, a young school boy was
caught in a fire accident in his school and was
assumed that
he would not live. His mother was
told that he was sure to die, for the terrible
fire had destroyed
the lower half of his body.
Even if he were to survive, he would be lame
throughout his life.
But the brave boy did not
want to die nor did he want to be lame. Much to
the amazement of the
doctor, he did survive.
But unfortunately from his waist down, he had no
motor ability. His thin legs
just hung there,
lifeless. Eventually he left the hospital. But his
determination to walk was
unshakable. At home,
when he was not in bed, he had to stay in a
wheelchair. One day, he threw
himself from the
chair and pulled himself across the grass,
dragging his legs behind him. He
reached the
fence, raised himself up and then began dragging
himself along the fence, firmly
determined. He
did this every day, with faith in himself that he
would be able to walk unaided.
With his
iron determination, he did develop the ability to
stand up, then to walk on and off,
then to
walk by himself and then to run.
He began to
walk to school, and then run to school, to run for
the joy of running. Later in college
he was on
the track team.
In February 1934, in New York
City's Madison Square Garden, this young man who
was not
expected to survive, who would surely
never walk, who could never hope to run-this
determined
young man, Dr. Glenn Cunningham,
ran the world's fastest mile.
A
good example of the power of positive thinking and
faith in one's self, Glenn Cunningham
continues to be an inspiration for many, and
his story, a brilliant evidence to how one can
bounce
back even when all difficulties are
piled against one, to the degree that death seemed
the preferable
option.
（ 1） The first paragraph is intended
to ________.
A. present an argument
C.
arouse readers' interest
B. make
preparations for statement
D. function as a
brief introduction
（ 2） What was the doctor's
opinion about Glenn?
A. Glenn was able to walk
with his own great effort.
B. Great
determination could make a difference to Glenn.
C. There was a slim chance that Glenn could
survive.
D. Glenn could live a normal life
with the upper halt
（ 3） What do we know about
Glenn?
A. Glenn took recovery exercise in
hospital.
C. Glenn won the first place in
Marathon.
B. Glenn inspired people with
his moving story.
D. Glenn organized a track
team in college.
（4） What can be a
suitable title for the text?
A. Strengthen
determination
C. Go after dreams
【答案】 （ 1）
D
（ 2） C
B. Stand up after failure
D. Face difficulty bravely
（ 3） B
（ 4）
B
【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇议论文。每个人在人生的某个阶段都经历过失败。文章通过
Glenn 幸存的故事，告诉我们
“让你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起
来。 ”
（
1）推理判断题。根据第一段中Everybody, at some point in their
lives, has experienced
failure. 和 But what makes you is not your
failure, but how you get back up after being
hit.
第一段的作用是作一个简短的介绍。故选
（
2）推理判断题。根据第三段中
D。
可知，
Much to the
amazement of the doctor, he did survive. 可
C。
知，医生认为 Glenn 生还的机会很小。故选
（
3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中A good example of the power of
positive thinking and
faith in one's self,
Glenn Cunningham continues to be an inspiration
for many, 可知， Glenn 以他感
人的故事激励人们。故选 B。
（ 4）主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句But what makes you is not
your failure, but how you
get back up
after being hit. 让“你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起
来。
”可知本文最佳主题是 B 项 Stand up after failure 。故选 B。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇议论类阅读，阅读时
首先要
弄清楚作者要证明什么观点，然后用什么样的论据进行怎样的分析，最后得出了什
么的结论，理清了线索
，理解文章就不是问题。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定
位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻
松的确定答案。
5．阅读理解
South Africa is the
water-lovers' paradise. Whether you want to be by
the sea, on the sea or
even under it, there
are countless ways to get your ocean experience.
Almost all of them are
located on South
Africa's east coast, where the Indian Ocean keeps
water warm.
Thompson's Bay, Ballito
Drive
40 minutes north of Durban to reach the unique
coastal town of Ballito. Popular with
holidaymakers, Ballito has a choice of pretty
beaches---- and the best for swimming is
Thompson's Bay. This scenic cove ( 小海湾 )is
sheltered from the wind and characterized by its
calm waters, interesting rocky outcrops and a
fascinating geological hole-in-the-wall. There's a
walled tidal pool for those who are nervous to
swim in the open ocean, making this spot a
particularly good choice for families.
Umhlanga Rocks, Durban
Located a 20-minute
drive from central Durban, the resort town of
Umhlanga is an upmarket
getaway for
vacationing South Africans and visitors in the
know. The main Umhlanga Rocks beach
boasts
safe swimming waters and endless golden sands,
again protected by lifeguards and shark
nets.
A paved walkway provides direct access to the
town's beachfront shops, restaurants and bars.
Gonubie Beach, East London
The coastal
town of Gonubie is seen by many as a suburb of
East London, one of the largest
cities of the
Eastern Cape. Its picture-perfect beach offers
great swimming areas in the open sea.
The
Gonubie River reaches the sea at this point, too,
and offers an alternative bathingspot on days
when the surf is bigger than usual. All along
the river's green banks, you'll find a series of
shaded
spots perfect for summer picnics and
barbecues.
（ 1） If you are planning a
family trip to South Africa, which beach suits you
best?
（ 2） What's special about Umhlanga Rocks
in Durban?
（ 3） When meeting violent waves
on Gonubie Beach, you can .
swimming in the open sea
bathing at an alternative spot
surfing in the
open sea
camping by the riverside.
【答案】 （
1） A
（ 2） B
（ 3） B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了南非三个著名的海滨旅游景点的信息。
（
1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
to swim in the open
ocean, making this spot a particularly good choice
for families.可知
是家庭旅行很好的选择。故选 A。
（
2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
town of Umhlanga is an upmarket getaway for
vacationing South Africans and visitors in
the
know.中的 意为 高档的度假胜地 ，由此可知
Durban适合富人度假。故选
B。
（ 3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的
and offers an
alternative bathing spot on days when the surf
is bigger than usual.可知在
B。
Gonubie Beach
如果风浪太大，景点会给游客提供备用的浴场。故选
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考
查，是一篇广告类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节
信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
6．阅读理解
It was just
before 8 a.m. on October 17, 'd checked the higher
summits forecast posted
by the Mount
Washington Observatory before she left. Based on
her experience, Bales
knew that her hike was realistic.
Besides, she had two plans and extra layers of
clothing to
better regulate her temperature as
conditions changed.
At 10:30 a.m., the
weather was showing its teeth. Bales added even
more layers, including a
jacket to protect
herself from the cold winds and heavy fog. She
made her way across the snow —
covered ridge
toward Mount Washington and began to think about
calling it a day. Then she noticed
something:
a single set of footprints in the snow ahead of
her. She'd been following faint tracks all
day
and hadn't given them much thought, because so
many people climbed Jewell Trail. But these,
she realized, had been made by a pair of
sneakers. She silently scolded the absent hiker
for
breaking normal safety rules and walked on.
Now she felt genuinely alarmed. She was sure
the hiker could not navigate(
找到方向 )in the
low visibility and was heading straight toward
the challenging trails of the Great Gulf
Wilderness.
Bales stood there, shocked. The
temperature and clouds were in a race to find
their lowest point,
and darkness was mere
hours away. If Bales continued to follow the
tracks, she'd add risk and
time to the route
she'd already adjusted to manage both. But she
could not let this go. She
turned to the left
and called out,
Bales wouldn't get an answer
until a week later, when the president of her
rescue group received
a letter in the mail. It
read:
anonymous( 匿名的 ), but I was called John.
On Sunday, October 17, I went up my favorite
trail,
Jewell, to end my life. Weather was to
be bad. Thought no one else would be there. I was
dressed
to go quickly. Next thing I knew this
lady was talking to me, changing my clothes,
giving me food,
making me warmer.
（ 1） What
does the underlined sentence mean?
（
2） Why did Bales feel really frightened?
（
3） What is the purpose of John's hiking?
challenge his limit.
go up his favorite trail.
donate some money
to rescue group.
kill himself without being
discovered.
【答案】 （ 1） A
（ 2） D
（ 3） D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，贝尔斯在天气恶劣时去登山，无意发现一串往危险
区域行进的脚印，她知道有人陷入了困境。尽管很害怕，尽管天气情况很糟糕，她还是跟
着脚印继续前进，最终救了那个人。一周后才知道那人名叫约翰，当时准备自杀。
（ 1）考查句义猜测。根据第二段中的 “ Balesadded even more
layers, including a jacket to
protect herself from the cold winds and heavy
fog. 可知贝尔斯增加更多的衣服来保护自己免受
寒风和浓雾的侵袭，由此推断划线部分的意思是
（
2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“天气正在变得更糟
”。故选 A。
“ Now she felt genuinely alarmed.
She was sure the
the
hiker could not navigate( 找到方向 )in the low
visibility and was heading straight toward
challenging trails of the Great Gulf
Wilderness.
可知贝尔斯看到脚“印后非常害怕，因为她知道
有人无法导航，这个人正在向海湾区域前进，那是最具挑战性的线路，即贝尔斯确信有人
遇上麻烦了，所以她感到害怕。故选
D。
” On Sunday,
October 17, I went up my favo rite trail,
（
3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的
Jewell, to end my
life. Weather was to be bad. Thought no one else
would be there. I was dressed to
go
quickly. 可”知，约翰这天选择这条线路去登山的目的是在没人看见的情况下结束自己
的生命，所以他穿的很少，以便快速行走。故选
D。
【点评】本题考点涉
及细节理解和句义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需
要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文
进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。
7．阅读理解
The idea that computers have some
amount of
the president of Microsoft Asia,
pointing as far back as 1950 when computer pioneer
Alan
Turing asked whether machines can think.
combination of factors to come together to
move AI from concept to reality,
It is
predicted that the development of artificial
intelligence will be the story of the coming
generations, not just the coming year, but as
2019 gets underway, you'll find AI will begin to
touch
your life in many ways according to some
researchers.
daily routines, I can
imagine the day I need not to worry about
preparing dinner. My AI knows what I
like to
eat, which days of the week I like to cook at
home, and makes sure that when I get back from
work all my groceries are waiting at my
doorstep, ready for me to prepare that delicious
meal I had
been longing for.
( 条形码
). Facial recognition is already completely
transforming security with biometric capabilities
being adopted, and seeing how technology and
business are connected, like Amazon is with Whole
Foods, I can see a near future where people
will no longer need to stand in line at the
store.
Georges Nahon, president, Orange
Institute, a global research laboratory.
for population health, hospital operations
and a broad set of clinical specialties quickly
follow
behind.
（ 1） What can we know about
AI from the first two paragraphs?
A.
People didn't expect AI to develop so rapidly.
B. The idea of AI just came up recently.
C. The
concept of AI was put forward by Ralph Haupter.
D. It took more than 70 years to turn the
concept into reality.
（ 2） Who sees the future
of AI doing housework instead of human being?
A. Alan Turing.
B. Georges Nahon.
C. Mark Michalski.
D. Alejandro
Troccoli.
（ 3） What is Georges Nahon's job?
A. Executive director of a hospital.
C.
Chairman of an energy corporation.
（ 4） How is
the passage developed?
A. By explaining cause
and effect.
C. By listing some predictions.
【答案】 （ 1） A
B. President of a research laboratory.
D.
Chief operating officer of a newspaper.
B. By
presenting research results.
D. By describing personal experiences.
（
2） D
（ 3） B
（ 4） C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过
Alecjandro Troccoli， Georges
Nahon 以及 Mark
Michalski
对人工智能未来将应用于的领域进行预测和说明。
（
1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
” It is
predicted
that the development of
artificial
intelligence will be the story of
the coming generations, not just the coming year,
but as 2019
gets underway, you'll find AI will
begin to touch your life in many ways according to
some
researchers.
据预“测，人工智能的发展将成为未来几代人的故事，而不仅仅是未来的一年，但随着
2019
年的到来，你会发现人工智能将开始在许多方面影响你的生活。可知从前两段
我们可以了解到人们没想到人工智能会发展得这么快。故选
A。
（ 2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
” My AI knows
what I like to eat, which days of the week
I
like to cook at home, and makes sure that when I
get back from work all my groceries are waiting at
my doorstep, ready for me to prepare that
delicious meal I had been longing for.
Alecjandro Troccoli, senior research
scientist, NVIDIA. 我“的人工智能知道我喜欢吃什么，一周
中的哪几天我喜欢在
家做饭，并确保当我下班回家时，所有的杂货都在门口等着我，为我
准备好我一直渴望的美味佳肴。
——Alecjandro
Troccoli， NVIDIA 的高级研究科学家。可知
D。
a
Alecjandro Troccoli 能预见人工智能代替人类做家务的未来。故选
（ 3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的
”
GeorgesNahon, president,
Orange
Institute,
global research laboratory.
“ GeorgesNahon ，全球研究实验室奥兰治研究所主任。可知
Georges
Nahon 的工作是研究实验室的主任。故选
B。
（ 4）考查推理判断。第三、四和五段分别为
Alecjandro
Troccoli 预测人工智能代替人类做
Mark Michalski 对人工
C。
家务的未来； Georges Nahon
预测人脸识别将和商业结合在一起以及
智能应用于医学的预测，可知这篇文章是通过列举一些预测进行论述展开的。故选
【
点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需
要准确捕捉细节信
息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
8．阅读理解
Science Advances published a new
research report, saying bees are capable of
addition and
subtraction (减法 )in Arithmetic( 算术 ) learning
—using colors in the place of plus and minus
symbols.
It isn't unusual to see the
ability to count —or at least distinguish between
differing quantities in
the animal kingdom
—Such ability has been seen in frogs, spiders, and
even fish. But solving
equations ( 方程式 ) using
symbols is rare, so far only achieved by famously
brainy animals such as
chimpanzees. The
previous research says the
can do.
The
experiment goes like this. Scientists trained 14
bees to link the colors blue and yellow to
addition and subtraction, respectively. They
put the bees at the entrance of a Y-shaped maze
(
迷
social insects, ants, can count
to four
and
understand the concept of
zero and researchers wanted to test the limits of
what their tiny brains
宫 ), where they were shown several
shapes in either yellow or blue. If the shapes
were blue, bees
got a reward if they went to
the end of the maze with one more blue shape (the
other end had
one less blue shape); if the
shapes were yellow, they got a reward if they went
to the end of
the maze with one less yellow
shape.
The testing worked the same way: Bees
that
right answer 63% to 72% of the time,
depending on the type of equation and the
direction of the
right answer —much
better than random guesses would allow.
While
the results came from just 14 bees, researchers
say the advance is exciting. If a brain
about
20,000 times smaller than ours can perform maths
using symbols, it could pave the way
to novel
methods in artificial intelligence (AI) and
machine learning. Just don't ask the bees to do
your homework anytime soon.
（ 1） From the first two paragraphs,
we know that the scientists conduct the
research______.
A. to get access to machine
learning B. to explain the meaning of colors C. to
test
the power of tiny brains D. to teach bees
to learn maths
（ 2） What does the underlined word
A.
given up
B. got through
C. entered
for
D. checked over
（ 3） What might
the research make contributions to according to
the text?
A. Development of AI.
C.
Protection of animals.
（ 4） What can be
the best title for the text?
A. Bees
B. Arithmetic learning.
D.
Language acquisition.
B. Bees
C. Bees
【答案】 （ 1） C
（2） B
D. Bees
（3）
A
（4） D
【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，新的研究表明
蜜蜂也会加减法，这个研究为人工智
能的发展提供了更好的思路。
（
1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的 “ The previous research says the
social insects, ants, can
count to four and
understand the concept of zero and researchers
wanted to test the limits of
what their tiny
brains can do.
可知根据先”前的研究，群居的昆虫可以数到四，并且能够理解
零的概念，研究人员想要测试它们微型大脑的极限。故选
（ 2
）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的
C。
“
Thetesting
worked the same way: Bees
that
‘ subtracted ’shapone when they saw
yellow, or ‘ addedone’ shape when they saw blue
were
considered to have aced the test
和 “ The”bees got the right answer 63%to 72% of
the time 可知”,
当蜜蜂看到黄色时
减去
一个形状，或者当它们看到蓝色时
增加 一个形状，这些蜜蜂就
被认为
了测试，最终蜜蜂得到正确答案的概率是
63%-72%，由此推断画线词的意思是
通过 。故选
B。
（
3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的
“ If a brain about
20,000 times smaller than ours can
perform
maths using symbols, it could pave the way to
novel methods in artificial intelligence (AI)
and machine learning.
可知对”于蜜蜂的研究将为人工智能和机器学习的新方法铺平道路，即
该研究能为 AI
技术的发展做出贡献。故选
A。
（ 4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的
“ ScienceAdvances published
a new
research report,
saying bees are capable of
addition and subtraction ( 减法 )in Arithmetic( 算术 )
learnin g”和最后一
段中的 “If a brain about 20,000
times smaller than ours can perform maths using
symbols
可知
本文主要讲述蜜蜂可以做数学加减法。故选
D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅
读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推
理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
9．阅读理解
DNA analysis
has revealed family relationships between more
than 10 generations of Stone
Age people at
megalithic ( 巨石的 ) tombs in Ireland and Sweden.
The evidence suggests that megaliths,
prehistoric large stone structures, sometimes
acted as
graves for family groups in
northwestern Europe thousands of years ago. The
latest findings throw
new light on the origins
and social structure of the groups that built
megaliths in this region—a
history that has
long been hidden in mystery.
For their study,
the international team of researchers analyzed the
genomes —the complete set of
genetic material
in a cell—of 24 Stone Age individuals from five
megalithic burial sites in Ireland,
Scotland
and Gotland, a large Swedish island in the Baltic
Sea.
This analysis showed that many of the
individuals buried at each megalith, who all lived
between
3,800 B.C. and 2,600 B.C., according
to radiocarbon-dating of their remains, were
closely related via
family ties.
The
results also showed that the individuals buried at
the megaliths were related to Neolithic
farmers in northern and western Europe but
genetically distinct from other hunter-gatherers.
This
was particularly noticeable at the
Ansarve site on the island of Gotland.
to
the individuals dug out from hunter-gather
contexts, showing that the burial tradition in
this
megalithic tomb, which lasted for over
700 years, was performed by distinct groups with
roots in
the European Neolithic
expansion,from Uppsala University,
“,
said in the statement.
（ 1） What's the significance of the new
findings?
（ 2） How did the researchers reach
their findings?
interviewing
individuals.
travelling to different regions.
analyzing genes.
studying the burial
sites.
（ 3） Which is true according to the
latest findings?
（ 4） What's
the main idea of this passage?
ths served as tombs thousands of
years ago.
buried at the megaliths were
recently analyzed.
findings shed light on a
mystery about burials.
-Age people in Ireland
and Sweden had close ties.
【答案】 （ 1） B
（ 2） C
（ 3） A
（ 4） D
【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，最新一项发现显示石器时代的爱尔兰人和瑞典人可
能存在亲属关系。研究人员通过分析来自爱尔兰、苏格兰和位于波罗的海的瑞典格特兰岛
的 5 个巨石墓葬遗址的 24
个石器时代个体的基因组。发现，每座巨石下埋葬着许多人，他们都
生活在公元前 3800
年至公元前 2600 年之间根据他们遗体的放射性碳年代测定，他们的血缘关
系非常密切。
（ 1 ）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“ DNA analysis has revealed
family
relationships
between
more than 10 generations of Stone Age people at
megalithic (
and Sweden. ”可知
DNA
分析揭示了爱尔兰和瑞典巨石墓群
巨石的 ) tombs in Ireland
10 多代人之间存在家庭关系。这
项新发现意味着埋葬在坟墓里的许多人是近亲。故选
B。
（
2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“
Fortheir
study, the international team of
researchers
C。
analyzed the genomes
可知”研究人员是通过分析基因组得出这项发现的，故选
（
3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的
“ The results also showed
that the individuals buried at
the megaliths
were related to Neolithic farmers in northern
石阵中的人与北欧和西欧的新石器时代农民有关，故选
（ 4
）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的
and western Europe
可知”埋葬在巨
A。
“ DNA analysis has
revealed
family
relationships
between more
than 10 generations of Stone Age people at
megalithic (
巨石的 ) tombs in Ireland
and Sweden.
以”及文章主要内容可知文章中心内容主要围绕着石器时代的爱尔兰人和瑞典
人有密切联系展开。故选
D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生
需要
准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
10． 阅读理解
Do you have a
talented young artist, photographer, or designer
in your life? It's never too early
to start
helping them get their work out there! We've
rounded up the top art competitions for kids
and teens that can help these young creators
share their first masterpiece with the world. Most
of them are totally free to enter!
Global Canvas Children's Art Competition
Ages: 16 and under Mediums: drawing, painting
Organized by the David Shepherd Wildlife
Foundation, this art competition wants to inspire
the next generation to be more mindful of how
we take care of the earth. The judges are looking
for artists to discover the wonderful places
that wildlife calls home.
Toyota Dream Car Art
Contest
Ages: 15 and under Mediums: drawing,
painting
Time to design a dream car! Toyota
wants to get junior artists thinking about what
the future
of transportation might look like.
Prizes include a chance to tour one of the Toyota
car plants and
experience various aspects of
Japanese culture.
Advena World Children's Art
Competition
Ages: 15 and under Mediums:
drawing, painting, photos and other original
artworks
The competition aims to promote
creativity and self-expression. Instead of a
theme, it asks the
participating artists to
simply express their feelings —anything from
sadness or joy to anger or
excitement —through
their chosen medium.
Progressive Young Artists
Awards
Open to: high school and college
students Mediums: drawing, painting, photograph,
mixed media,
sculpture
PYAA is all about expressing
and celebrating progressive values. So, if there
is a creative teen
in your life who wants to
do good in the world, sign him or her up for this
art competition. The prize
is a scholarship
that winners can put forwards their post-secondary
schooling.
（ 1） Which of the following favors
the environment?
A. Advena World Children's Art
Competition.
C. Toyota Dream Car Art
Contest.
B. Global Canvas Children's Art
Competition.
D. Progressive Young Artists
Awards.
（ 2） What prize can the winner get at
Toyota Dream Car Art Contest?
A. A dream
car.
B. A scholarship.
C. A tour
of a factory.
D. An amount of cash.
（
3） What is special about Advena World Children's
Art Competition?
A. It has no fixed theme.
C. The prize is a scholarship.
【答案】 （
1） B
B. It has an entrance fee.
D. Its
participants are the youngest.
（ 2） C
（ 3）
A
【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了有助于孩子展示艺术才华的四大比赛。
（ 1）考查细节理解。根据
Global Canvas
Children's Art Competition
部分中的 “ this
art
competition wants to inspire the next
generation to be more mindful of how we take care
of the
earth.
可”知，它的目的就是使下一代更加关注如何呵护地球环境。故选
B。
（ 2）考查细节理解。根据 Toyota Dream Car
Art Contest 部分中的 “ Prizes include a chance to
tour one of the Toyota car plants and
experience various aspects of Japanese
culture.
励包括游览丰田汽车工厂。故选
C。
可知，奖
”
（ 3 ） 考 查 细 节 理 解 。 纵 观 全 文
并 进 行 细 致 比 较 可 知 Global Canvas Children's
Art
Competition 关注的是地球环境； Toyota Dream Car Art Contest
则着眼与未来的交通；
Progressive Young Artists
Awards 围绕的是未来的价值观；唯有 Advena World Children's Art
Competition 没有设置主题，这可以从 Instead of a theme, it
asks the participating artists to simply
express their feelings —anything from sadness
or joy to anger or excitement 得知本比赛
没有主题，只是让参加者表达他们的想法。故选
A。
【点评】本题考点涉
及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节
信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正
确答案。
11． 阅读理解
A
video of a three-year-old girl being kicked by her
own mother during a photo shot went viral
(疯狂传播 ) on Thursday, indicating China's under
per forma nee in regulating the emerging child
modeling industry.
The girl, known as Niu
Niu, was physically abused by her mother in
several videos. The videos
have annoyed
Chinese media and Internet users alike. Many
netizens and scholars call for
local
authorities to carry out further investigations
into possible child abuse.
In response to the public outcry (
强烈抗议 ), Niu Niu's mother issued an apology via
Sina Wei
bo on Thursday, condemning
accusations of abuse. She noted that she was
merely guiding her
daughter for better
shots and the girl is well looked after.
Despite her apology, many E-shops which used
Niu Niu's images for brand promotion
Taobao
have signed up for a campaign to provide better
protection for child models.
regulations to
further
have
canceled their cooperation
with the mother, while over 110 well-known child
garment shops on
protect the kids,
preventing their parents and companies from
exploiting (
利用 ) them,
child protection
expert, said.
Niu Niu is not alone. In Zhili,
a small
town in Zhejiang province,
thousands of children from
across China are
taken here by their parents to seize the chance of
fame. With a population of
450,000. Zhili
has over 13,000 manufacturers of child clothing.
In 2017, the town earned over 7
billion
yuan by selling do thing for children online, thus
providing opportunities for child models.
isn't workable when it comes to the
industry of child
modeling, as it lacks clear
supervision measures and clear legal
punishment.
important to issue new laws which regulate
child modeling.
（ 1） What caused the public
outcry?
（ 2） What happened after the public
outcry?
A. Taobao canceled the account of Niu
Niu. B.
The local police charged Niu Niu's
mother.
C. Niu Niu's mother admitted abusing
her daughter. D.
Shops stopped their
cooperation with the mother.
（ 3） What
provided chances for Chinese child models?
A.
The appearance of online shopping.
B. The
huge online sales of child clothing.
C. The
fast development of manufacturing.
D. The
change of parents' ideas about success.
（ 4）
Which opinion may Fang Zhiqing agree with?
A.
China should regulate child modeling.
B. There
are too many child models in China.
C. New
economic laws should be issued in Chinch.
D.
China s current advertisement law isn't workable.
【答案】 （ 1） D
（ 2） D
（ 3） B
（ 4） A
【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了一个叫妞妞的儿童模特遭到了母亲的身体
虐待引起了公众的强烈抗议以及人们对儿童模特行业的思考。
（
1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的 “ Thegirl, known as Niu Niu, was
physically abused by
her mother in several
videos have annoyed Chinese media and Internet
users alike. 可
知，视频中，一个叫妞妞的女孩遭到了母亲的身体虐待引起了公众的强烈抗议，故选
D。
（ 2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的 “ Despiteher
apology, many E-shops
which used Niu
Niu's
images for brand promotion have canceled their
cooperation with the mother,
可知，在公
众的强烈抗议之后，很多网店停止了与妞妞母亲的合作，故选
D。
（
3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“ In2017, the town
earned over 7 billion yuan by
selling do
thing for children online, thus providing
opportunities for child models.
可知， 2017
年，这个浙江的小镇通过在网上销售童装赚了
70 多亿元，这为儿童模特提供了机会，可
知，童装在网上的巨大销量为中国的儿童模特提供了机会，故选
B。
（ 4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“ Itis important
to
issue new laws which regulate
child
modeling. 可推”断，方志清会同意中国应颁布新的法律来规范儿童模特行业，故选 A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道。考生需要
准确捕捉细节
信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
”
”
12． 阅读理解
According to a team of researchers, an
animal's ability to perceive( 感知 )time is linked
to their
pace of life.
to
perceive time in a very short time may be the
difference between life and death for fast
moving creatures.
The study was
done with a variety of animals using phenomenon
for example, have eyes with a refresh rate
higher than humans.
based on the maximum
speed of flashes of light an individual can
see before the light source is seen as constant.
Dogs,
One example of this phenomenon at
work, the authors say, is the housefly and its
ability to
avoid being hit. The research
showed flies
can achieve,
Professor Graeme
Ruxton of the University of St Andrews in
Scotland, who worked jointly on
the research
project, said in a statement,
higher
frequencies than our eyes do is of no value if the
brain cannot process that information
equally quickly.
Thus, this work highlights the impressive
abilities of even the smallest animal
brains.
Flies might not be deep thinkers, but they can
make good decisions very quickly.
In
comparison, the tiger beetle( 虎甲虫 )runs faster
than its eyes can keep up, basically
becoming blind, which requires it to stop
periodically to re-evaluate its prey's(
猎物
)position.
Our results suggest that time
perception offers an as yet unstudied dimension
along which
animals can specialize and there
is considerable range to study this system in more
detail.
（1） What is the research mentioned in
the passage mainly about
？
A. Pace of
life of animals.
C. Lifetime of small
animals.
B. Impressive abilities of
animals.
D. Time perception of animals.
（
2） What does Kevin Healy's comment mean in Para.2
？
A. The survival of fast moving animals
relies on their ability to perceive time.
B.
Animals with quicker pace of life have better
perception of time.
C. The ability of animals
to perceive time depends on their high moving
speed.
D. Animals with poor ability of time
perception have a shorter life.
（ 3） Why can
houseflies avoid being hit?
（ 4） What will a
tiger beetle have to do to catch a moving prey?
A. Slow down to gain its
time perception.
C. Stop occasionally to
spot the prey again.
【答案】 （ 1） D
（2） A
B. Prevent itself from becoming blind.
D.
Try to run as fast as it can.
（3） B
（4） C
【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了对动物时间感知的研究。
（
1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的 “ According to a team of
researchers ， an animal's ability
to perceive
（感知） time is linked to their pace of life. 可知，据一组研
”究人员称，动物感知时间
的能力与它们的生活节奏有关，由此可知，文中提到的这个研究是关于动物的
时间感知
的，故选
D。
（
2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“
theimportance
of time
perception
in
animals where
the ability to perceive time in
a very short time may be the difference between
life and death for
fast moving creatures.
可知”，对于能快速移动的动物而言，在极短的时间内感知时间的能力
可能是生与死的区别，由此可知，
Kevin Healy
说的意思是快速移动的动物的生存依赖于它
们对时间的感知能力，故选
A。
“ The research showed flies
‘
observeamotionshorterin
（ 3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的
time than our own eyes can achieve ， ’ which
allows them to avoid being hit. 可知，家蝇观”察
物体运动的时
间比我们人眼所能达到的时间要短，这使得它们能够避免被击中；再结合第五
段中的
“butthey can make good decisions very quickly.
可”知，它们可以很快做出好的决定，
也就是说它们可以尽快处理收到的信息，故选
B。
“
thetiger
beetle（虎甲虫） runs faster than
its （ 4）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的
eyes
can keep up， basically becoming blind ， which
requires it to stop periodically to re-evaluate
its prey's（猎物） position 可”知，虎甲虫的移动比眼睛快，基本上是盲目的
，这就要求它不
时地停下来，重新评估猎物的位置，由此可知，为了抓住移动的猎物，虎甲虫需要不时地
停下来确定猎物的位置，故选
C。
【点评】本题考
点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需
要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上
下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。