英伦风-端午节的由来故事

高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解

I was born on the 17th of November 1828, in the village of Nam Ping, which is about four miles
southwest of the Portuguese Colony (殖民地) of Macao, and is located on Pedro Island lying west
of Macao, from which it is separated by a channel of half a mile wide.

As early as 1834, an English lady, Mrs. Gutzlaff, wife of a missionary to China, came to Macao.
Supported by the Ladies' Association in London for the promotion of female education in India
and the East, she immediately took up the work of starting a girls' school for Chinese girls, which
was soon followed by the opening of a boys' school.

Mrs. Gutzlaff's comprador(买办) happened to come from my village and was actually my
father's friend and neighbor. It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs. Gutzlaff's
school and it was doubtlessly through his influence and means that my father got me admitted
into the school. It has always been a mystery to me why my parents should put me into a foreign
school, instead of a traditional Confucian school, where my big brother was placed. Most
certainly such a step would have been more suitable for Chinese public opinion, taste, and the
wants of the country, than to allow me to attend an English school. Moreover, a Chinese belief is
the only avenue in China that leads to political promotion, influence, power and wealth. I can
only guess that as foreign communication with China was just beginning to grow, my parents
hoped that it might be worthwhile to put one of their sons to learning English. In this way he
might become an interpreter and have a more advantageous position to enter the business and
diplomatic world. I am wondering if that influenced my parents to put me into Mrs. Gutzlaff's
School. As to what other sequences it has eventually brought about in my later life, they were
entirely left in the hands of God.

（1）How was the author admitted to Mrs. Gutzlaff's school?

A. Through his father's friend's help. B. Through his own efforts to exams.

C. Through his father's request. D. Through Mrs. Gutzlaff's influence.

（2）Why did the author's parents put him into an English school？

A. An English school was more influential. B. Foreign trade with China was developing fast.

C. It met with Chinese public opinion. D. He could become a successful interpreter.

（3）What did the author think of his parents' decision to put him into an English school?

A. It was skeptical. B. It was mysterious. C. It was thoughtful. D. It was wonderful.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，小 时候父亲送作者去英语学校而不是中文学校，并
分析了具体原因。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Mrs. Gutzlaff's comprador(买办) happened to come
from my village and was actually my father's friend and neighbor. It was through him that my
parents heard about Mrs. Gutzlaff's school”可知，作者是通过父亲朋友的帮助进入到Mrs.

Gutzlaff学校的。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“In this way he might become an interpreter and have
a more advantageous position to enter the business and diplomatic worl d.”可知父母认为我也许
会成为一个很好的翻译，在做生意外交方面会有优势，所以他们才送我去英语 学校。故选
D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“It has always been a mystery to me why my parents
should put me into a foreign school, instead of a traditional Confucian school, where my big
brother was placed.”可知对于父母送我去英语学校而不是传统的中文学校，我感 觉很困惑。
故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是 一篇故事类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出 正确答
案。


2．阅读理解

A new study has shown how computers and robots powered by artificial intelligence can read
human eye movements to

The eyes, they say, are the windows to the soul. And if that is true, computers and robots
powered by sophisticated(复杂的)artificial intelligence algorithms(算法)may soon have the
ability to peer into your soul. That is the result of a new study on the connection between eye
movements and personality, conducted by neuroscience researchers based at the University of
South Australia and Published in the scientific Journal Frontiers in Neuroscience.

movements during an everyday task predict aspects of our personality,wrote the
researchers, led by University of South Australia neuroscientist Tobias Loetscher, whose team
follows 42 study subjects around the university campus recording their eye movements, then
determines their personality traits(特点)with questionnairesfor determining
personality type, according to a summary of the study published by the site Science Daily.

The researchers fed the data into their Al algorithms and found that computers running the
algorithms were able to record human eye movements and immediately determine a person's
major personality traits, such as extraversion(外向)，agreeableness,
conscientiousness, as well as perceptual(感知的)curiosity

new findings could improve the way human beings interact with their computers and
other high-tech devices, even robots, allowing for more natural and realistic social interactions
with machines,


are not socially aware so they cannot adapt to non-verbal information,Loetscher said in a
statement quoted by Indian Express. This research provides opportunities to develop robots and
computers so that they can become more natural, and better at interpreting human social
signals.

The study revealed previously undiscovered relations between specific personality
characteristics and specific eye movement tendencies, according to a summary in Britain's Daily
Mail newspaper.

（1）What do the underlined words

tand

at

for

n about

（2）How did the researchers conduct the research?

was carried out in a lab.

B.42 subjects' eye movements were recorded.

students' daily movements were tracked.

subjects' personalities were determined by computer.

（3）According to Tobias Loetscher, what can we know?

and computers are socially conscious.

care less about improved, personalized services.

's robots and computers can accustom to non-verbal information.

discovery will improve the interaction between human beings and machines.

（4）What can be a suitable title for the text?

Personality Traits

Human Eye Movements Are

Personalities by Eye Movements.

Humans and Machines Interact

【答案】 （1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文， 一项新的研究表明，由人工智能驱动的计算机和机
器人可以通过阅读人类的眼球运动来“解读”人类的性 格。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“The eyes, they say, are the windows to the soul.”人们
说眼睛是心灵的窗户。可知，划线 词组所在句的句意为“如果这是真的，由复杂的人工智能
算法驱动的计算机和机器人可能很快就能探究你 的灵魂。”故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“whose team follows 42 study subjects around the
university campus recording their eye movements, then determines their personality traits（特
点）with established questionnaires该研究小组 在大学
校园内对42名研究对象进行了观察，记录他们的眼球运动，然后用“成熟的问题”来确定他们的性格特征）可知，研究人员通过记录42名研究对象的眼球运动来进行这项研究的。故
选B。< br>
（3）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“The new findings could improve the way human beings
interact with their computers and other high-tech devices, even robots, allowing for more natural
and realistic social interactions with machines”这项新发现可 能会改善人类与电脑和其他高科
技设备，甚至是机器人的互动方式，从而使人类与机器进行更自然、更现 实的社会互动成
为可能）可知，这一发现将改善人类和机器之间的互动。故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了一项新的研究发现——由人工智能驱 动的
计算机和机器人可以通过阅读人类的眼球运动来“解读”人类的性格。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅
读，要求考生在 捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推
理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答 案。


3．阅读理解

For top students from low-income families, the challenge of applying to colleges is particularly
difficult. 1 in 4 deal with all of that—the writing, the studying, the researching and applying—
completely on their own. One approach to make this whole process easier? Pair students up with
an adviser.

That's the idea behind CollegePoint, an initiative to help gifted students go to schools that
match their intellectual(智力的)ability. When a high school student takes a standardized test—
the PSAT, SAT or ACT——and they score in the 90th percentile, and their families make less
than$$80, 000 a year, they get an email from the program offering them a free adviser. The
advisers listen, guide and answer students'questions.

Connor Rechtzigel, an adviser in Minnesota, sees the importance of his role, for research shows
that low-income students are far more likely to undermatch because they don't think they have
what it takes to get in and because many don't even know what schools are out there. He helped
high school senior Justice Benjamin, the first in his family to apply to college, think about what his
ideal learning experience was. Finally, Justice narrowed in on smaller schools where he could
study environmental science and made his final choice：Skidmore College in New York. He felt
empowered by the process.

Figuring out how to pay for college is a major part of what, CollegePoint advisers do. Nakhle, an
adviser in North Carolina, is working with Hensley, an Ohio high school senior who can't get extra
financial help from her family. They spent a lot of time comparing and analyzing her financial-aid
award letters, which made her decision much clearer. Finally, the Ohio State University offered an
option where she would pay nothing. Staying in-state wasn't her first choice, but it was the best
option for her.

（1）What is the second paragraph mainly about?

CollegePoint works.

goal of CollegePoint.

to apply for a free adviser.

challenge of choosing colleges.

（2）What prevents low- income students from attending proper colleges?

timating their abilities.

g little about colleges.

of enough learning experience.

e to get support from their families.

（3）Why did Hensley finally choose the Ohio State University?

didn't want to stay far from home.

favorite major was provided there.

would show her talents to the full.

university met her financial needs.

（4）What is the best title for the text?

to Be a Financial Adviser

for Top Students to Select Ideal Colleges

rs Help Poor Students Apply to Suitable Colleges

ePoint—a Program Helping Students Score High

【答案】 （1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文， 介绍了一款帮助贫困家庭的优秀生申请合适大学的
虚拟建议程序。

（1）考查段落大意。根据第二段“That's the idea behind CollegePoint，an initiative to help
gifted students go to schools that match their intellectual(智力的)ability. When a high school
student takes a standardized test—the PSAT，SAT or ACT——and they score in the 90th
percentile，and their families make less than$$80，000 a year，they get an email from the
program offering them a free adviser. The advisers listen，guide and answer
students'questions. ”可知本段讲述了CollegePoint的建议者们对 那些大学考试分数过关，但
是年收入不到8万美元的家庭提供免费的选择大学方面的指导。可以得知讲述 了
CollegePoint是如何运作的。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“...，for research shows that low- income students are
far more likely to undermatch because they don't think they have what it takes to get in and
because many don't even know what schools are out there.”可知研究表明低收入家庭的学生们很可能选择的大学是低匹配的，因为他们不了解大学。故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Nakhle，an adviser in North Carolina，is working
with Hensley，an Ohio high school senior who can't get extra financial help from her family. They
spent a lot of time comparing and analyzing her financial-aid award letters，which made her
decision much clearer. Finally，the Ohio State University offered an option where she would pay
nothing.”家境贫寒的Hensl ey和北卡来罗那的建议者一起分析她的经济救助奖项，使得她的
大学选择更清晰。可知Hensley 选择俄亥俄大学是因为这个大学符合她的经济水平。故选
D。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“One approach to make this whole process easier? Pair
students up with an advis er.”，以问答形式引出文章主题让申请大学更简单更匹配，可以选
择一款帮助贫困家庭的优秀生申请 合适大学的虚拟建议程序。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，段落大意 和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一
篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文 的逻辑关系，进行
分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

The noise of chattering mouths subsided（平息）as the teacher entered classroom. “Good
morning class. I am Riffat Monaf, and I will be your geography teacher.” Riffat Monaf, an
interesting name and an even more interesting person. Her introduction took place about six
years ago, and since then I have never met a more influential person in my life.

Mrs Monaf not only conquered me with her vast knowledge of geography, but also won me
over with her smile and warm eyes. It was in her class that I traveled to the highest mountains
and to the deepest seas from the comfort of the classroom. I learned about the vast oceans, the
erupting volcanoes, the snow- capped mountains and the green valleys. She would often relate
her adventures about traveling to different parts of the world.

Never can I forget the glory of her face when she talks about how truly beautiful this world is. If
I search back my love for the environment and geography, I find her to be the source of my love
for preserving nature. If one day I became an environmentalist, I know that I'll thank her for it.
Apart from this, she has always greeted me with open arms and she calls her students “my
children”. Mrs Monaf's morals and values rubbed off me deeply and I have always taken her
advice into consideration. She has been one of the most consistently good things in my life.

Currently, she is fighting a battle against breast cancer, and it pains me to know that after all
she has done for me; I can do nothing for her except pray. Whenever I see her in school, she still
keeps that kind smile and an expression so soft that it trembles my heart. Mrs Monaf still talks
enthusiastically about geography, and I know that I can never see what a truly great person she
has been in my life. .

（1）What can we learn from the second paragraph?

A. The writer traveled a lot. B. Mrs Monaf was a learned person.

C. The writer did well at school. D. Mrs Monaf enjoyed telling stories.

（2）The underlined word “rubbed off” means .

A. moved B. shocked C. influenced D. defeated

（3）What do we know from the last paragraph?

A. Mrs. Monaf was an optimistic person. B. Breast cancer made Mrs. Monaf upset.

C. Another great person may appear in my life. D. Praying for Mrs. Monaf made the writer
tremble.

（4）What would be the best title for the passage?

A. My Interesting School Life B. The Teacher-student Friendship

C. An Influential Person in My Life D. Brave Fight Against Breast Cancer

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了生命中有影响力的人。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Mrs Monaf not only conquered me with her vast
knowledge of geography, but also won me over with her smile and warm eyes”.可知Mrs Monaf
是一个有学问的人。故选B。

(2)考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“If one day I became an environmentalist, I know that I'll
thank her for it. ”如果有一天我成为了环保主义者，我知道我会感谢她的。；“Apart from this,
she has always greeted me with open arms and she calls her students ‘my children’”.除此之外，
她总是张开双臂欢迎我，她称她的学生为“我的孩子”。；“ Mrs Monaf's morals and values
rubbed off me deeply and I have always taken her advice into consideration.”Mrs Monaf'的道德
和价值观深深地影响了我，我也一直把她 的建议考虑进去。由此可推知划线部分的意思是
“影响”，故选C。

(3)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Whenever I see her in school, she still keeps that kind
smile and an expression so soft that it trembles my heart. Mrs Monaf still talks enthusiastically
about geography, and I know that I can never see what a truly great person she has been in my
life. ”可知Mrs. Monaf是一个乐观的人。故选A。

(4)考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Riffat Monaf, an interesting name and an even more
interesting person. Her introduction took place about six years ago, and since then I have never
met a more influential person in my life.”可知讲述的是“我生命中有影响力的人”。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅
读，要求考生 根据上下文进行分逻辑推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。



5．阅读理解

Come to the AG Society's expedition (探险) program and you will surely get unique
experiences!

SWIM WITH THE HUMPBACKS OF TONGA

11-DAY KIMBERLEY COAST CRUISE

Dairen Jew and his team are your hosts for an
The AG Society is partnering with APT to present
unforgettable AG Society adventure, filled
an exciting voyage along the Kimberley coastline
with in-water meetings with humpback
from Broome to Darwin. Expedition cruising
whales (座头鲸) in the Kingdom of Tonga's offers the easiest way to explore the Kimberley.
group of islands.

WHO: Darren Jew's Whales Underwater

DATES: 26 September-4 October 2018

COST: $$ 5,450 per person

BOOKINGS: Call ,
Guests on this 11-day voyage will go ashore,
explore natural wonders, meet traditional
owners, see rock art and spot wildlife.

WHO: APT

email
DATES: 6-16 September 2018

BOOKINGS: Visit

AG DKVIL ARK FXPEDITION

reservations @ or visit
COST: $$ 13,395 per person



LIGHTNING RIDGE FOSSIL DIG

The AG Society offers you a chance to hunt for Come and join Tim Faulkner for a unique hands-
fossils (化石). Guided by experts, you'll go to on experience with this Tasmanian devil (袋獾)
special locations, seeking new fossils for the feeding program in the beautiful Barrington Tops
collections of the Australian Opal Centre. Your of NSW. You'll get to see devils up close as you
discoveries will further establish these assist with feeding individuals. In addition to
museum collections as a world-class scientific working with the animals, there'll be

and cultural resource. There are also a series opportunities to explore the area's natural
of lectures on mining history, fossils, dinosaur treasures and spot local wildlife. Don't miss your
hunting and new dinosaurs.

WHO: Australian Opal Centre

DATES: 20-25 August 2018

activities and lunches and dinners

chance to get involved in this important
conservation effort.

WHO: Devil Ark

COST: $$ 1,750 per person

COST: $$ 2,200 per person, including all DATES: 24-26 November 2018

BOOKINGS: Call , email dig @ BOOKINGS: Call , email info@
or visit australian . au or visit . au

opalcentre. com

（1）If you join in LIGHTNING RIDGE FOSSIL DIG, you can ________.

A. go to seek new fossils individually B. learn something about mining history

C. collect the world-class scientific fossils D. become an expert and go to special locations

（2）What can you do if you take part in AG DEVIL ARK EXPEDITION?

A. Help protect wildlife. B. Learn about dinosaurs.

C. Watch humpback whales. D. Enjoy an exciting voyage.

（3）Which program will you choose if you want to enjoy rock art?

A. AG DEVIL ARK EXPEDITION. B. LIGHTNING RIDGE FOSSIL DIG.

C. 11-DAY KIMBERLEY COAST CRUISE. D. SWIM WITH THE HUMPBACKS OF TONGA

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了AG协会的四个远征计划的具体信息。

(1)考查细节理解。根据If you join in LIGHTNING RIDGE FOSSIL DIG部分中的“There are also a
series of lectures on mining history, fossils, dinosaur hunting and new dinosaurs.”可知，有一系
列关于采矿史、化石、恐龙狩 猎和新恐龙的讲座。故选B。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第四个小框“AG DEVIL ARK EXPEDITION中的there'll be opportunities
to explore the area's natural treasures and spot local wildlife. Don't miss your chance to get
involved in this important conservation effort .”可知，有机会探索该地区的自然宝藏和当地野
生动物，还会有参与这项重要的保护野生动植物的机会 。故选A。

(3)考查细节理解。根据11-DAY KIMBERLEY COAST CRUISE部分中的“Guests on this 11-day
voyage will go ashore, explore natural wonders, meet traditional owners, see rock art and spot
wildlife.”可知，如果你想欣赏摇滚艺术的话，就选11-DAY KIMBERLEY COAST CRUISE。故选
C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查， 是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节
信息，结合题目要求，选出正确答案。



6．阅读理解

On a February day during an unusually mild winter, found myself missing the snowy beauty. I

enjoyed the feeling that comes from watching snow fall gently from heaven while I'm cosy inside
with a good fire burning in the stove. But there were more serious concerns, like the lack of
rainfall making our woods more accessible to summer forest fires. Local ski fields and hotels, all
dependent on a snowy season, felt sorry for the vacant lifts, empty restaurants and unused
snowmobiles.

Then I happened to see three little robins (知更鸟) fly into our yard. What were they doing
here? West of us, in the Willamette Valley, wild flowers burst this time of year. But here in central
Oregon, even if a groundhog (土拨鼠) had wanted to appear, it couldn't have broken through the
frozen earth. And yet, these robins had arrived.

Their presence brought me a flow of happiness. It felt like a celebration as I dug into my bag of
birdseed and spread a handful on the ground. Above me, the deep blue sky was cloudless,
perfectly quiet but for some smoke from a neighbor's chimney. The lively cold made the air fresh
and clean.

My robins jumped lightly toward the seed. My soul jumped with them, feeling equally carefree.
Caught up in the moment of spring fever, I checked our snowless flower beds. To my delight, I
spotted a green branch sticking out through the brown soil.

Despite the cold, I wasn't ready to go back inside. Just a short meeting with those robins had
renewed my spirit. The next day I would return to my outdoor work with a cheerful heart and a
hopeful eye for these signs of spring.

（1）The author missed a snowy winter because snow could .

A. prevent forest fires B. boom his business

C. promise an early spring D. bring him a good feeling

（2）The author felt happy when finding .

A. the sky was deep blue with clouds B. three little robins flew into his yard

C. wild flowers burst in the Willamette Valley D. a groundhog appeared through the frozen
earth

（3）We can infer from the passage that the author .

A. would enjoy wild flowers the next day B. thought winter was already over

C. longed for the coming of spring D. loved robins the most

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，寒 冷的冬天，作者在家里发现有三只小知更鸟飞到
了他的庭院，他感觉很高兴，于是他决定第二天外出，去 寻找春天的足迹。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“One a February day during an unusually mild winter, I
found myself missing the snowy beauty. I enjoyed the feeling that comes from watching snow fall
gently from heaven while I'm cosy inside with a good fire burning in the stove.”可知作者想念下
雪的冬天，是因为雪可以给他带来一种很好的感觉，故选D。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Their presence brought me a flow of happiness.”可知当作
者发现有三只小知更鸟飞到了他的庭院时，他感觉很 高兴，所以选B。

(3)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“The next day I would return to my outdoor work with a

cheerful heart and a hopeful eye for these signs of spring. ”可知作者第二天会欣赏野花，所以
选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考
生准确 捕捉细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


7．阅读理解

Tired of eating at the same boring restaurants? Looking for a change? Here are some
restaurants that offer an original restaurant experience. See for yourself which ones you fancy.

An Exciting Dinner

Looking for something adventurous? The Archipelago in London is just the thing for you. One of
the most popular dishes in this restaurant is crocodile. Yes, you read it correctly, crocodile. If that
is not daring enough for you, there are plenty of other dishes on the menu.

A Restaurant with a View

Want to enjoy the sights while you're eating? Try the Top of the World restaurant. At about 244
meters above Las Vegas, diners can enjoy a spectacular view of Las Vegas in this revolving
restaurant. However, the real adventure starts at the end of the meal. That's when the customers
are taken from their seats at ground level to the observation rooms in elevators that travel at a
remarkable speed.

A Theatrical Experience

Longing for dinner with some drama? Dine with mimes at Mime in Manchester. The service is
unique. Your waiter will communicate your order in mime and keep you entertained with
performances in between courses.

An Unusual Setting

Don't care about presentation? You'll be fine at the Modem Toilet restaurant in Taiwan. The
theme of this restaurant is the toilet, and you would be surprised how many people queue up for
the experience of eating on toilet seats.

（1）What would you expect at the Top of the World restaurant?

A. A free ride B. An interesting menu

C. A show during the meal D. A bird's-eye view of London

（2）Which restaurant requires customers to order in an unusual way?

A. Archipelago B. Top of the World C. Mime D. Modem Toilet

（3）Where is the passage likely to be taken from?

A. A research paper B. An entertainment magazine

C. A thrilling novel D. A fashion magazine

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几个有特色的餐馆。

(1)考查细节理解。根据A Restaurant with a View部分中的“That's when the customers are
taken from their seats at ground level to the observation rooms in elevators that travel at a
remarkable speed.”可知在the Top of the World restaurant里吃饭，可期待免费乘骑的游乐设

施，故选A。

(2)考查细节理解。根据A Theatrical Experience部分中的“The service is unique. Your waiter
will communicate your order in mime and keep you entertained with performances in between
courses.”可知在Mime餐馆中，服务员和顾客之间用无声地比画交流，故选C。

(3)考查推理判断。这篇文章主要介绍了几个有特色的餐馆，所以这篇文章最可能出现在娱
乐 杂志上，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇广告类 阅读，考生在
捕捉细节信息同时，需根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。



8．阅读理解

Given the recent interest in green buildings in the media, let's think differently. Instead of
focusing on increasing the supply of energy, what if we focus on reducing demand?

Can we start with ending the open-door practice of street-front shops? While cool air from
these shops is refreshing to pedestrians, it carries a cost. Energy is used in the air conditioning
process.

So it must be possible to look for changes in regulations that would encourage more energy-
saving designs. For instance, if we fix ceiling fans, air-conditioning homes could surely be avoided
for part of the year. Ceiling fans use far less energy. They were in a year air conditioners could
stay if ceiling fans were fixed.

In homes built under the small-house policy in New Territories, the ceiling may be too low for
ceiling fans. If the 9-meter maximum building height regulation were relaxed, ceiling fans could
be fixed to reduce energy use. Current thinking in sustainable building design and operation
involves integrated(协调统一的) design, that is, bring together all parties to create a building
with better performance that achieves energy reduction.

For integrated design to succeed, all parties must come together and think beyond each
person's circle of influence. Better solutions are impossible to avoid with integrated design.
Buildings would no longer be engineered after the basic architecture was built. Positive project
outcomes may include reduced air-conditioning load, reduced power use for electric lighting, and
a reduction in the amount of materials used.

We need to ask if we are ready to look beyond our own small circles and seek an improved
approach to building design. By that I mean an integrated design resulting in more sustainable
buildings.

（1）What's the author's attitude towards the open-door practice of the street shops?

A. Supportive. B. Disapproving. C. Optimistic. D. Uncaring.

（2）Why does the author suggest fixing ceiling fans?

A. To follow an old practice. B. To help reduce energy use.

C. To completely replace air conditioners. D. To help cut down on daily expenses.

（3）What's the key to making sustainable buildings a reality?

A. All parties should get started at the same time. B. The basic architecture should be
finished first.

C. Proper design and performance to achieve energy reduction. D. Seeking the small-house
policy and some successful architects.

（4）What would be the best title for the text?

A. Waste less, live better B. Goodbye, air conditioning

C. How to reduce the energy cost D. Green buildings call for integrated design

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文属于议论文。作者认为街边商店开放空调的做法 虽然给人以凉爽的
空气，但却浪费了大量的能源。所以他鼓励节能的集成设计，即在住宅建成前统一设计 ，
安装吊扇，减少空调的负荷及照明用电等能源。

（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Can we start with ending the open-door practice of street-front
shops? While cool air from these shops is refreshing to pedestrians, it carries a cost. Energy is
used in the air conditioning process.可知，作者认为虽然这些商店的凉爽空气给行人提神，
但open-door pra ctice却带来了成本，在空调降低温度过程中消耗了能量。可知是持不赞成
的态度的。故答案选B项 。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段if we fix ceiling fans, air-conditioning homes could surely be
avoided for part of the year. Ceiling fans use far less energy. 如果我们按装吊扇，空调住宅一年
中大部分时间可不用空调。吊扇使用的能量要少得多 。由此可知建议安吊扇是因为能减少
能源的使用。故答案选B项。

（3）推理判断题。根据第5 段为了使集成设计成功，各方必须团结起。找出更好的解决方
案 。这种恰当的正确的设计结果，可以减少空调负荷，减少电力照明用电，减少使用材料
的数量。（Pos itive project outcomes may include reduced air- conditioning load, reduced power
use for electric lighting, and a reduction in the amount of materials used. ）故答案C符合题
意。故答案选C项。

（ 4）主旨大意题。作者认为商店开放空调导致能源的浪费，所以倡导在住宅区安装吊扇的
节能环保的做法 。这就需要要建筑房屋前统一的综合的集成设计，才能有一个可持续的节
约的环保绿色的建筑。因此本文 最好的标题是绿色建筑呼唤集成设计。故D项符合题意。

【点评】主旨大意阅读理解题解题技巧：抓住文章段落大意，概括中心思想

寻找整篇 文章的中心思想的方法是建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。各段落中心句的
整体归纳便是文章的中心 思想。在这个过程中，考生们不能只依据只言片语、一枝一节，
或光看文章的某一些段落，而应该观察全 文的结构安排；理解文章浓墨重笔写的“重心”；
考虑文章的组织材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的；分 析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么内
容来表达中心的；最后用简明扼要的文字将文章的中心思想表达出来。


9．阅读理解

The United States is home to 562 recognized American Indian Nations each with its own
language.

Yet the number of native. Americans with the ability to speak their tribe's language has

decreased over the past century.

Now, Indian Nations are trying different ways to expand the number of native speakers, and
increase interest in their communities to learn tribal languages.

Since the late 1800s many American Indian children have attended boarding schools. At that
time, Indian children were required to attend schools by law, and the government forced Indian
families to send their children to such schools.

The children were separated from their families. and given English name The teachers often
taught native American students in English, instead of the language of their parents. They were
told they needed to learn English in order to get a job, earn money and buy a house or nice
things.

However, fearing a loss of history and culture, the Indian Nations are experimenting with new
ways to increase the language ability of tribal members.

At least one organization is turning to modern technology---The Sealaska Heritage Institute, a
nonprofit group, has developed two apps for speakers of the Tlingit language.

The Tlingitapp serves as a reference for important language topics such as
conversation phrases, number, and letters.

The Tlingit tribe has about 10, 000 members. They live mainly in southeastern Alaska. But as of
2013, the tribe had only 125 native speakers left. in addition, very few young people are able to
speak Tlingit.

Currently there are two apps, called Tlingitand Language GamesThe

tribal alphabet, as well as a basic list of the words included. With the
app, users are given a choice of different places of environments, like a house, forest or ocean.

（1）What is the problem the native Americans are facing now?

number of native Americans has been increasing.

and fewer native Americans speak their own language.

native language has been extinct.

's hard to increase the interest of hearing native languages.

（2）What will be the result if more and more native Americans only speak English?

will get better jobs and higher pay.

will teach their own children to speak English.

will lose their history and culture.

will get along well with the government.

（3）What can we know about Tlingit?

can help the native people know some language topics.

can help the: native people earn money and buy a. house or nice things

is a very popular app among the native speakers

is a native language spoken by fewer than 200 people.

（4）What is the main idea of the passage?

an Indian tribes' efforts to increase native speakers.

s for the disappearance of some American Indian languages.

to help the native tribes lead a traditional life.

popularity of the language learning apps.

【答案】 （1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文， 美国的印第安人正在使用新的方法来增加本族语言
的使用，否则，他们的本族语言将面临严重的危机。< br>
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Yet the number of native. Americans with the ability to
speak their tribe's language has decreased over the past century. ”但是能说他们本族语言的本
地美国人的数量在过去的一个世纪中已将减少。可知， 会说本族语的美国土著的人数在过
去的一个多世纪中已经减少了，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“However, fearing a loss of history and culture, the
Indian Nations are experimenting with new ways to increase the language ability of tribal
members.”然而，害怕失去自己的 历史和文化，许多印第安部落尝试新的方法来提升族人
的本族语使用能力。可知，如果越来越多的族人只 说英语，他们将会失去自己的历史和文
化。故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第九段中的“The Tlingit tribe has about 10, 000 members. They live
mainly in southeastern Alaska. But as of 2013, the tribe had only 125 native speakers left.”特林吉
特部落有大约一万人。他们主要居住在阿拉斯加 东南部。但是就2013年的统计，这个部落
只有125人可以说自己民族的语言，可知，现在仅仅有不 到两百人可以说这种语言了，故
选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。本文前六段描述了美 国印第安人在民族语言方面面临的处境以及这
一处境引起的担忧，最后四段提出了针对这一问题的解决方 案：美国的印第安人正在使用
新的方法（app）来增加本族语使用人数。选项A中efforts能凸 显人们这一问题的担心及
在努力寻求解决方案方面所做的努力。故选A。

【点评】 本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需
要准确捕捉细节信息，同 时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答
案。


10．阅读理解

WISH YOU WERE MORE CREATIVE?

I want to ask you a favor. I have a pair of pants. Tell me: How many different ways can I put a
pair of pants to use? Now imagine you're an architect. Same question. Now imagine you're Bill
Gates. A scuba diver. A medieval knight. You still have the pants. What alternative uses come to
mind?

What you just practiced--the conscious act of another self-is an exercise that,
according to psychiatrist SriniPillay, MD, is essential to being creative.

One great irony (讽刺) about our collective addiction to creativity is that we tend to frame it in
uncreative ways. That is to say, most of us marry creativity to our concept of self: Either we're
or we aren't, without much of a middle ground. just not a creative person!a
discouraged student might say in art class, while another might blame her talent at painting for
her difficulties in math, making a comment

, an assistant professor at Harvard University, has spent years overturning these ideas.
He believes that the key to unlocking your creative potential is to challenge the stereotyped (陈
词滥调的) advice that urges you to in fact, you should do the opposite:
Believe you are someone else.

He points to a study showing the impact of stereotype on one's behavior. The authors,
psychologists Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar, divided their college student subjects into two
groups, instructing one group to think of themselves as poetsand the other to
imagine they were librariansThe researchers then presented them all with ordinary
objects, including a fork, a carrot, and a pair of pants, and asked them to come up with as many
different uses as possible for each one. The former group came up with the widest range of ideas,
whereas the latter had the fewest.

These results suggest that creativity is not an individual characteristic but a
and perspective

Dr. Pillay's work takes this a step further: He argues that simply identifying yourself as creative
is less powerful than taking the brave, creative step of imagining you are somebody else. This
exercise, which he calls psychological Halloweenism, refers to the conscious action of
another self. An actor may employ this technique to get into character, but anyone can use it.
According to Dr. Pillay, it works because it is an act of conscious unfocus, a collection of brain
regions that spring into action when you're not focused on a specific task or thought. Most
people spend nearly half of their days in a state of
us human.

Imagining yourself in a new situation, or an entirely new identity, never felt so productive.
You're making yourself more creative, and you're giving yourself permission to do something
you'd otherwise feel guilty about.

（1）What's the function of the questions in paragraph 1?

A. To lead in the topic. B. To make a comparison.

C. To state an opinion. D. To ask a favor.

（2）The study led by Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar proves

A. creativity is an individual characteristic B. librarians are more creative than poets

C. ordinary objects can improve creativity D. your creativity is determined by yourself

（3）According to Dr. Pillay, Halloweenism works because .

A. it is an act of unconscious focus B. certain brain areas begin to act together

C. people are in a state of laziness D. all actors employ this technique

（4）If you want to be more creative, you are supposed to .

A. focus on a specific task B. believe in your own talent

C. pretend to be someone else D. turn to be right-brained

【答案】 （1）A

（2）D

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了如何让自己更有创造力，给读者展示了一种
心理学理念-- 心理角色扮演：遇见更有创造力的自己。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段可知作者问读者 一条裤子可以有多少种不同的用法?并让
读者假设自己是一名建筑师，比尔盖茨，带水肺的潜水员，一个 中世纪的骑士等等思考同
样的问题；再根据第二段”What you just practiced --the conscious act of
-is an exercise that…is essential to being creative.“可知作者接着说刚才你所练习的-- 有意识地
穿戴另一个自我的行为--是一种对保持创造力至关重要的练习。这说明作者在第一段问这些问题就是为了引出下文中的创造力话题， 故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第六段”These results suggest that creativity is not an individual
characteristic but a‘product of context and perspective’. Everyone can be creative, as long as he
or she feels like a creative person.“可知Denis Dumas 和Kevin Dunbar的研究结果表明创造力
不是个体特征，而是环境和视角的产物。每个人都可以有创造力，只 要他或她觉得自己
是一个有创造力的人。也就是说一个人的创造力是取决于自己的。故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第七段中的”According to Dr. Pillay, it works because it is an act of
conscious unfocus, a collection of brain regions that spring into action when you're not focused
on a specific task or thought.“可知据皮莱博士说，心理万圣节之所以有效，是因为它 是一种
有意识的分散注意力的行为，当你不专注于某一特定任务或思想时，大脑中一系列区域就
起作用。这说明心理万圣节有效是因为大脑的某些区域大脑协同工作，故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的”He believes that the key to unlocking your creative
potential is to challenge the stereotyped (陈词滥调的) advice that urges you to ‘believe in
yourself.’ In fact, you should do the opposite: Believe you are someone else.“可知想象自己处在
一个新的环境中，或者是一个全新的身份，你会感到从 未有过的高效，你让自己更有创造
力。由此推断所以要变得有创造力的话，要想象自己有一个全新的身份 ，也就是把自己想
象成另外一个人。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推 理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需
要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理， 从而选出正确答案。