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最新中考英语阅读理解练习题

一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）
1．阅读理解

Radio and television are very popular in the world today. Millions of people watch TV. Perhaps
more people listen to the radio.

The TV, of course, is more useful than the radio. On TV you can see and hear what is happening
in the world.

Now the radio is not disappearing. It's still with us. And the number of listeners is becoming
larger. One reason for this is the invention of the transistor（晶体管）radio. The transistor radio
is sometimes very small. It is very easy to carry. You can put one in your pocket and listen to it on
the bus when you go to work. It is better for blind people. Many old people don't have good sight
（视力）to watch TV. When people are working，they can't watch TV but they can listen to
music or news over the radio. What's more，the radio is much cheaper than the TV.

（1）After the television was invented，people ____.

A. think it is unnecessary to use the radio B. don't want to use the radio any more

C. are still using the radio D. find the radio is disappearing

（2）One of the reasons for the larger number of listeners of the radio is that ____.

A. the TV was invented B. the transistor radio was invented

C. people don't like watching TV D. millions of people watch TV

（3）____ listen to the radio more because their sight isn't good enough.

A. Children B. Young people C. Old people D. Adults

（4）Usually ____ can be used easily while people are moving or working.

A. the radio B. the TV C. both the TV and the radio D. neither the radio nor the TV

【答案】 （1）C

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述收音 机和电视机在世界上的很受欢迎，电视与收音机
比，电视更有用，然而收音机由于体积小便宜，便于携带 ，听众也越来越多，深受老年人
喜爱。

（1）细节题。根据Perhaps more people listen to the radio.可知，电视发明后，人们依然使
用收音机，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据One reason for this is the invention of the transistor（晶体管）radio. 可
知，收音机听众的数量更多其中一个原因是晶体管收音机被发明，故选B。

（3）推断题。根据 Many old people don't have good sight（视力）to watch TV.可知，老年
人由于视力不好听广播的人更多，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据When people are working，they can't watch TV but they can listen to
music or news over the radio.可知，通常人们移动或者工作时可以听收音机，故选A。

【点评】考 查阅读理解。细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻

找答案；推 断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。


2．阅读理解

It's hard to turn down a tasty banana. They taste good and you don't have to wash them before
eating them. However, British scientists say that the fruit may disappear by 2050.

One reason for this is climate（气候） change. Scientists at the University of Exeter collected
data（数据） from 27 countries and regions that produce 86 percent of the world's bananas.
They found that climate change has improved growing conditions in 21 of these countries. In the
past 60 years, the average yield（平均产量） has reached 1.37 tons of bananas per hectare（公
顷）.

However, if temperatures keep rising, this advantage will disappear. Ten of the countries,
including India, the world's biggest producer of bananas, will produce fewer bananas. By 2050,
the fruit may die out.

Shouldn't bananas grow more easily if it's hotter outside? In fact, the perfect temperature
range for growing bananas is between 24 and 32 C. If temperatures get too high, they will stop
growing.

Diseases are another danger to bananas. Unlike other crops, the bananas we grow come from
shoot cuttings（茎段） rather than seeds. This means that all banana plants have the same
genotype（基因型）. In other words, if a disease is able to kill one plant, it could kill them all.

One serious disease is called Panama. Caused by fungus（真菌） in the soil, it spreads easily. It
has spread across South Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Australia. If one banana plantation（种
植园） suffers from the disease, it will take 30 years until it is able to grow bananas again.
Scientists have yet to find a cure for this disease.

（1）What does the underlined word this

A. People's love for bananas. B. The taste of bananas.

C. The convenience of eating bananas. D. The future disappearance of bananas.

（2）What might happen if temperatures keep going higher?

A. More countries will start to grow bananas.

B. Bananas will grow better in most countries.

C. Bananas will not be able to grow any more.

D. Bananas won't be as tasty as before.

（3）What does Paragraph 5 tell us?

A. What diseases bananas may suffer from. B. How bananas are grown.

C. How diseases can easily kill bananas. D. Which diseases can kill bananas.

（4）The passage is written to ________.

A. offer tips for growing bananas B. explain why bananas may die out

C. show the difficulties of growing bananas D. describe bananas' growing conditions

【答案】 （1）D

（2）C

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了香蕉可能消失的原因。

（1）推断题。根据前句However, British scientists say that the fruit may disappear by 2050.可
知介绍了香蕉可能消失的原因，所以this代指香蕉消失，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据However, if temperatures keep rising, this advantage will disappear. Ten of
the countries, including India, the world's biggest producer of bananas, will produce fewer
bananas. By 2050, the fruit may die out可知温度持续上升，香蕉将更少，最终可能消失，即
不能生长，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据Diseases are another danger to bananas.可知疾病是香蕉的另一个危险，
即疾病是怎样杀死香蕉的，故选C。

（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了香蕉可能消失的原因，故选B。

【点评】 考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意
从文中寻找答案；推断题 需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了
解大意之后找出中心思想。


3．阅读理解

Once there was an emperor. He had a beautiful garden. In the garden, there was a little
nightingale（夜莺） singing very beautifully.

One day, the emperor heard about this little bird's beautiful voice. He asked his guards to bring
her to him. When the emperor heard the nightingale's voice, he said,
so she can stay and sing for me whenever I want to hear her.

The little bird was so unhappy about being kept in the cage that she stopped singing one day.
The emperor was very angry. He ordered the scientists in his palace to make a robot bird for him.
The bird could sing very beautifully too. The emperor was pleased.

Soon the robot bird became old. It no longer sang beautiful songs. Just at that time, the
emperor was ill and he became very weak. One morning, while lying in bed, the emperor wanted
it to sing once again. But the robot bird could not sing any more. Suddenly, the nightingale landed
on the window. She began to sing her most beautiful song. The emperor was very happy! He
became better and better each day.

After the emperor was well, he changed a lot and became kind to his people. From then on, all
his people cherished（爱戴） him for his love and kindness.

（1）Why did the little bird stop singing?

A. Because she was ill. B. Because she was not free.

C. Because she was hungry. D. Because she was too excited.

（2）What made the emperor become better and better?

A. The robot's beautiful voice. B. His men's voice.

C. The little bird's nice dance. D. The little bird's beautiful song.

（3）According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A. A little nightingale lived in the emperor's beautiful garden.

B. The nightingale went on singing songs for the emperor after she was kept in a cage.

C. One day, the robot bird was broken and it couldn't sing.

D. The emperor gave up listening to songs after he got sick.

（4）What can we learn from the passage?

A. If we keep a bird, we can enjoy the beautiful songs.

B. Don't make a robot because it can get broken easily.

C. A bird can help people get away from illness.

D. If we are kind to someone, he or she will be also kind to us.

【答案】 （1）B

（2）D

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】主要讲了国王因为小 夜莺动听的歌声把小鸟关在笼子里，结果小鸟难过
不再唱歌，国王让科学家做了一只机器小鸟，一天机器 小鸟也不唱歌了，国王病了，原来
的小鸟唱了最动听的歌，国王变得越来越好了，并且变得对他的人民友 好了。

（1）细节题。根据The little bird was so unhappy about being kept in the cage that she
stopped singing one day.可知小鸟被关在笼子里不高兴，所以停止唱歌，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据Suddenly, the nightingale landed on the window. She began to sing her
most beautiful song. The emperor was very happy! He became better and better each day.可知
小鸟动听的歌曲让国王好起来，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据In the garden, there was a little nightingale（夜莺） singing very
beautifully.可知小夜莺住在花园里，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据 全文可知国王在小夜莺的帮助下慢慢好起来，最终对人民友好，所以
我们可以学到如果我们对他人友好， 他人也会对我们友好，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。


4．阅读理解

When you think of a museum, I bet you don't think of a place where children run around. But
the Science Museum is different. It's noisy!

You can get to the Science Museum by going on the London Underground from Waterloo on
the Jubilee Line to Westminster. Then take the Circle or the District Line to South Kensington.
When you walk out, take a look around you, and you should see it.

What to bring: at least two bottles of drinks for the kids and f 10 to spend in the cafes. Entrance
is free!

The most interesting and exciting part of coming here is to go to the kids' area, the Launch Pad
on the 3rd floor. At busy times, you may have to wait in line, but staff（工作人员） will provide
science toys for you and the kids to play with. It is great fun there. And if you love science, it
should indulge（满足） you as you will learn about science in a fun way. There are also
simulators（模拟装置） on the 3rd floor, so think of Floor 3 as a

If you want to learn about the museum, then go to the ground floor. They have some things
which will interest you.

Over all, it's a fun experience for the kids and you may enjoy it too. It's also free to get in!

（1）How is the Science Museum different from other museums?

A. It's big. B. It's free. C. It's busy. D. It's noisy.

（2）Paragraph 2 is mainly about ________________.

A. how to get to the Science Museum B. when to visit the Science Museum

C. what to bring to the Science Museum D. how to plan a trip to the Science Museum

（3）You can _______________ at the Launch Pad.

A. buy your favourite drink B. get some science toys for free

C. learn about science in a fun way D. learn the history of the Science Museum

（4）What do the underlined words

A. 另外 B. 总之 C. 因此 D. 相反

（5）The passage is most probably ________________.

A. a story B. a piece of news C. a review D. an advertisement

【答案】 （1）D

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

（5）C

【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍怎样去科学博物馆及科学博物馆里面的一些好玩的地
方，如第三楼的航天器等发射平台，有许多模拟装置。

（1）细节题。根据But the Science Museum is 's noisy! 可知，科学博物馆很吵，
故选D。

（2）段落大意题。第二段主要介绍怎样去科学博物馆，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据it should indulge（满足） you as you will learn about science in a fun way.
可知，你可以在发射平台用一种有趣的方式了解科学，故选C。

（4）词义猜测题。根据Over all, it's a fun experience for the kids and you may enjoy it too. It's
also free to get in!可知，总之，它是孩子进行有趣体验的好去处，你可能也会喜欢它。进去
是免费的 。本段是对前文的总结，推出over all的意思是“总之”，故选B。

（5）推断题。这篇文章介绍科学博物馆，结合Over all, it's a fun experience for the kids 等
等可知，这篇文章可能是一篇评论，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读 全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题的关键
词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查 一遍，确保答案正确。


5．阅读理解

On the afternoon of the day that we arrived in Xingcheng, we left for Qinhuangdao. It was
raining heavily while we were on the highway. I kept the speed less than 100 kilometres per hour.
We got to Qinhuangdao in the late afternoon. We booked in a hotel a normal room with a large
bed, an air conditioner, a TV and a toilet. 150 yuan more or less is worthy of that.

The next morning, it only took us less than 30 minutes to get to the beach. Policemen were
everywhere, and they guided our traffic. The bill of the parking was 20 yuan. I paid some money

for life buoys because none of us could swim. The water was not too deep near the beach and
with a life buoy I could float on the water in order not to get drowned. I taught my wife how to
use the life buoy, although it was also the first time that I used it. But my daughter was fascinated
by the sand. She played with the sand with all her attention, which made us laugh. The
environment in Beidaihe was fine, although it was not very clean, and we had a good time.

By the way, in the evening we visited the shopping street in the central city. We visited a
shopping street near Beidaihe. There were a lot of people, shopping and dining. Of course, we
had some seafood there too.

（1）The writer went to Beidaihe ______________.

A. by train B. by bus C. by car D. by plane

（2）What do the underlined words

A. 防晒霜 B. 救生圈 C. 游泳衣 D. 游艇

（3）What was the writer's daughter doing while they were swimming?

A. Taking a walk along the beach. B. Having a picnic.

C. Lying in the sun. D. Playing with the sand.

（4）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The writer booked a room with 300 yuan a night.

B. The writer's wife is very good at swimming.

C. The environment is very clean in Beidaihe.

D. The writer bad some seafood that evening.

（5）What's the best title for the passage?

A. The trip to Beidaihe B. The sea in Beidaihe

C. The weather in Beidaihe D. The food in Beidaihe

【答案】 （1）C

（2）B

（3）D

（4）D

（5）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者去北戴河旅行。

（1）推断题。根据I kept the speed less than 100 kilometres per hour.我把速度保持在每小时
100公里以下。可知是开车，即by car，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据后句because none of us could swim.因为我们都不会游泳，所以买了一
些救生圈，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据But my daughter was fascinated by the sand. She played with the sand with
all her attention, which made us laugh.但是我的女儿被沙子迷住了。她全神贯注地 玩着沙
子，这使我们笑了起来，可知女儿正在玩沙子，故选D。

（4）细节题。根据Of course, we had some seafood there too.当然，我们也吃了一些海鲜，
可知是吃了海鲜，故选D。

（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了作者去北戴河旅行，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解 。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意

从文中寻找答案；推断 题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了
解大意之后找出中心思想。


6．阅读理解

On 26 February, I got an email from my friend David, asking me to go to Tanzania to train their
software engineers. The company is located in Dares Salam, a beautiful coastal city to the west of
the Indian Ocean. I stayed for about two weeks in that city last time I was there. During my stay
there, David took me to the nearby beach and we had a wonderful walk along the coast which
had left a deep impression on me. I was impressed by the ocean water and the deep blue sky.

After more than 19 hours of air travel, I was finally here at Dares Salaam Airport. The
temperature here was high as usual- over 30 degrees. I felt short of breath because of the
unbearable heat in this tiny hall. When I finally got my turn, I handed my passport to the officer in
front of me, He had a close look at my passport. Then he asked the purpose of my stay, I told him
I just wanted to travel here.









I will never forget this experience that I had. I still love this country.

（1）Where did the writer go?

A. New Zealand. B. Nepal. C. India. D. Tanzania.

（2）The writer stayed in the city for about ______ last time.

A. one week B. two weeks C. three weeks D. four weeks

（3）The weather was ______ when the writer arrived at the airport.

A. snowy B. foggy C. sunny D. windy

（4）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. The writer received an email from his friend David.

B. They took a walk along the coast.

C. The writer flew to Dares Salaam,

D. The writer didn't like the journey because it was very hot.

（5）What's the best title for the passage?

A. A famous company B. A trip to Tanzania

C. Some customs in Tanzania D. A good friend of mine

【答案】 （1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

（5）B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者受好朋友David的邀请去坦桑尼亚旅行。

（1）细节题。根据On 26 February, I got an email from my friend David, asking me to go to
Tanzania to train their software engineers.可知作者受好朋友David的邀请去坦桑 尼亚旅行，

故选D。

（2）细节题。根据I stayed for about two weeks in that city last time I was there.可知作者待
了大约2周，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据The temperature here was high as usual- over 30 degrees.可知温度在30
度以上，所以天气是晴朗的，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据I will never forget this experience that I had. I still love this country.可知作
者从不忘记这次经验， 仍然喜欢这个国家，所以作者喜欢这次旅行，故选D。

（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了作者受好朋友David的邀请去坦桑尼亚旅行。故选
B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。


7．阅读理解

Two men were going through a forest.


cried the other, whose name was Braggart,
men. I have a strong arm, a strong heart, and…


was light and nimble, climbed up a tree like a squirrel （松鼠）, leaving his friend, who was not
so active, to face the danger alone! Quickwit could do nothing but throw himself on the ground
and pretended（假装） to be dead; for he had heard that bears would never touch a dead body.
In no time the bear camp up to him, sniffed（用鼻子吸气） at him. Quickwit did not dare to
move; and the bear, thinking him dead, went off into the wood again, leaving him quite
unharmed!

When Braggart saw that the danger was over, he came down from the tree and tried to pass off
the matter with a joke.
he put his mouth dose to your ear?



（1）The correct order of the following events is .

a. Two men were going through a forest.

b. Quickwit threw himself on the ground.

c. Braggart climbed up a tree like a squirrel.

d. A low sound was heard from somewhere nearby.

A. a-b-d-c B. a-d-c-b. C. d-a-c-b D. d-b-c-a

（2）The bear left Quickwit because it .

A. was hit by Braggart B. felt pity for him

C. thought he was dead D. didn't like his smell

（3）We can learn from the passage that .

A. a true friend reaches for your hand B. a friend to all is a friend to none

C. a good friend is a good listener D. a real friend never argues with you

（4）The best title for the passage would be .

A. A Fight Between Two Travelers B. The Travelers and the Bear

C. A Kind-hearted Bear D. A True Friend in Trouble

【答案】 （1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要讲述了两个男人在森林里遇到熊的故事。

（1）细节理解题。根据 Two men were going through a forest. 两个男人正在穿越森林—— a
low sound was heard from somewhere nearby 一个奇怪的声音从附近传来—— Braggart, who
was light and nimble, climbed up a tree like a squirrel （松鼠） Braggart像松鼠一样爬上树——
Quickwit could do nothing but throw himself on the ground and pretended（假装） to be
dead .Quickwit躺在地上装死，可知事情发生的正确顺序为 a—d—c—b。故选B

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段 and the bear, thinking him dead .可知，熊以为他死了。故选
C。

（3）推理判断题。根据文章，熊来了的时候B raggart没有伸出援手而是自己爬上树，说
明他不是一个真正的朋友，真正的朋友是会伸出援手的 。故选A。

（4）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲了两个男人在森林里遇到熊的故 事，因此
旅行者和熊是最好的标题。故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细 节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意
从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需 要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了
解大意之后找出中心思想。


8．阅读理解

We all know that many inventions have changed our life a lot. They play important roles in our
daily life. Here are some interesting inventions.

Morpher

People refuse to wear helmets because they're thick and heavy. Morpher is a bike helmet
made of plastic. It is just as strong as traditional helmets, but it can be folded almost completely
flat, making it easier to carry. Morpher may be available for sale in stores in the near future.

HyperAdapt

Have you ever seen the movie Back to the Future? Maybe everyone wants the pair of shoes in
the movie that can tighten or loosen by themselves. Now, thanks to the shoe factory, the dream
is realized. When you push a button on the shoe, HyperAdapt can tighten or loosen around the
feet.

Flyte

Flyte is a light bulb that can float and turn. Flyte has been popular with most people since it
came out in January, The company also introduced a lot of similar products, including a planter,
Lyfe, which came out in June.

Little Printer

It looks lovely and is called Little Printer, This machine can print news headlines（摘要）,
riddles and other things on a roll（卷） of paper, If you want to make your own little
newspaper, don't forget to use it.

（1）Morpher is made of _________.

A. steel B. plastic C. gold D. wood

（2）What's the main use of the Little Printer?

A. To protect our heads more safely.

B. To tighten or loosen by themselves around the feet.

C. To float and turn in the water.

D. To print news headlines, riddles and other things.

（3）The underlined word

A. 按钮 B. 门铃 C. 电梯 D. 键盘

（4）What kind of invention can float in the passage?

A. Morpher. B. Little Printer. C. Flyte. D. HyperAdapt.

（5）Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?

A. Maybe everyone wants the pair of shoes in the movie Back to the Future.

B. You can make your own little newspaper with the Little Printer.

C. Flyte has been popular with most people since it came out in February.

D. Morpher can be folded almost completely flat, making it easier to carry.

【答案】 （1）B

（2）D

（3）A

（4）C

（5）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：发明改变了我们的生活，在日常生活中起到了重要作用。文章介绍了四种有趣的发明：可以变形的自行车头盔，超适应的鞋，漂浮和转动的灯泡和小
型打印机。

（1）细节理解题，根据 Morpher is a bike helmet made of plastic.可知Morphe是塑料制
成的 ，故答案是B。

（2）细节理解题，根据 This machine can print news headlines（摘要）, riddles and
other things ，可知小型打印机可以打印文章的标题，谜语还有其他的东西，故答案是D。

（3）细节理解题，根据 When you push a | button on the shoe, 可知是要按鞋上的按钮
因此button的意思是按钮，故答案是A。

（4）细节理解题，根据 Flyte is a light bulb that can float and turn. 可知Flyte可以漂
浮 ， 故答案是C。

（5）正误判断题，根据Flyte has been popular with most people since it came out in
January,可知Flyte是二月份发明的，而不是一月份 ， 故答案是C。
< br>【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和正误判断题。细节理解题可以直接从文中
寻找答案 ；正误判断题同属于细节理解题，需要根据文章内容做出正误判定。

9．阅读理解

Different countries have different greeting customs. Read this article to know more about the
greeting customs in different cultures, and make sure you greet people in the right way next time.

France

French people greet each other with a handshake, but close friends kiss each other on both
cheeks when they meet. They do this gesture when meeting and before leaving.

South Korea

In South Korea, it is a sign of respect for people to bow when greeting each other, In South
Korea, a bow is followed by a handshake. While shaking someone's hand, it is polite to support
the right forearm with the left hand. However, South Korean women do not shake hands with
Western men; instead, they bow slightly.

Brazil

Kissing women on the cheek is a common way of greeting. In a formal situation, a handshake
is often done to show respect. Men should shake hands before and after meeting, and once
they have become familiar with each other, a light hug is often given to each other.

Ghana

In a social situation, it's polite to greet everyone in the room. A handshake is used in
greeting, and the palm must directly touch the palm of the other. It's considered disrespectful
to touch the back of the hand.

The Philippines

There are several ways of greeting people in the Philippines. An elderly person places his or
her right hand on the forehead of a child to
and family members greet each other with a kiss on the cheek. Friends greet each other with a
polite nod or a handshake.

（1）Mike kisses a French boy Jim on the cheek, they may ______.

A. meet for the first time

B. be close friends

C. be in a social situation

D. be in a formal situation

（2）In Brazil, it is very common to _____ between good friends.

A. shake hands B. kiss on the cheek C. bow to each other D. give a light hug

（3）Which of the following is about Ghana?

A. Friends can give a light hug to each other.

B. People can give a nod or handshake.

C. It's impolite to touch the back of the hand.

D. Family members can greet each other with a kiss.

【答案】 （1）B

（2）D

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了不同的国家有不同的问候习俗，了解更多不同文化中的问候
习俗，确保下次你用正确的方式问候别人。

（1）推理题。根据close friends kiss each other on both cheeks when they meet亲密的
朋友见面时会亲吻对方的双颊可知， 迈克亲吻一个法国男孩吉姆的脸颊，他们可能是亲密
的朋友 ， 故选B。

（2）细节题。根据 a light hug is often given to each other 可知， 在巴西，好朋友之间轻
轻拥抱一下很常见 ， 故选D。

（3）细节题。根据 It's considered disrespectful to touch the back of the hand 可知，在
加纳触摸手背是不礼貌的 ， 故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案 ；推断
题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。


10．阅读理解

Different countries have different customs. When you are in different countries, you should
follow their customs.

In China, it's impolite to talk when eating dinner. And you're not supposed to start eating first if
there are older people at the table.

Very often people who travel to the United States forget to tip（付小费）. It is usual to tip
waiters, taxi drivers and porters who help carry your bags. Waiters expect to get a 15% tip on the
cost of your meal. Taxi drivers expect about the same amount.

In England, make sure to stand in line even if there are only two of you. It's important to
respect（尊重）lines there. It's a good idea to talk about the weather. It's a favorite subject of
conversation with the British.

In Spain（西班牙）, it's a good idea to have a light meal in the afternoon if someone invites
you for dinner. People have dinner very late, and restaurants do not generally open until after
9:00 p. m.

In Saudi Arabia（沙特阿拉伯）, men kiss one another on the cheek. Your host may welcome
you with a kiss on both cheeks. It is polite of you to do the same.

In Japan, people usually give personal or business cards to each other when they meet for the
first time. When a person gives you a card, don't put it into your pocket（口袋）as soon as you
get it. The person expects you to read it.

Don't forget to be careful about your body language to express something in conversations. A
kind of body language that is acceptable in one culture may be impolite in another.

（1）What does the underlined word ？

A. 搬运工 B. 水电工 C. 建筑工 D. 环卫工

（2）If you travel to the US, and you spend $$ 200 on a taxi ride and $$ 320 on a meal, you are
supposed to tip in total.

A. $$520 B. $$78 C. $$156 D. $$60

（3）Which of the following is TRUE？

A. You are expected to kiss your host on the cheek in Japan.

B. Generally, restaurants don't offer dinner after 9:00 p. m. in Spain.

C. It's impolite to eat first if there are older people at the table in China.

D. You don't need to stand in line if there are two people waiting for a bus in England.

（4）What does the passage mainly talk about？

A. Where to travel.

B. How to tip in different countries.

C. When to use body language.

D. Customs in different countries.

【答案】 （1）A

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍不同的国家 有不同的习俗。当你在不同的国家时，你应该遵循
他们的习俗。

（1）词义猜测题。根据 who help carry your bags 帮你搬东西的人可知，porters是搬运
工的意思，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据 服务员希望得到15%的餐费小费。出租车司机期望大约相同的数额 服
务员希望得到15%的餐费小费。出租车司机期望大约相同的数额可知， 如果你去美国旅
行 ，坐出租车花200美元，吃饭花320美元，你应该总共付小费是（200+320）*20%=78
美元 ， 故选B。

（3）推理题。根据 you're not supposed to start eating first if there are older people at
the table 如果餐桌上有老年人，你不应该先吃饭 可知， 如果中国的餐桌上有老年人，先吃
饭是不礼貌的正确 ， 故选C。

（4）细节 题。根据本文介绍不同的国家有不同的习俗。当你在不同的国家时，你应该遵
循他们的习俗可知，文章主 要讲述不同国家的风俗 ， 故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题 ，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，
细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需 要的信息，词义猜测题
需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出 中心思
想。


11．阅读理解

A British company has made a new product to help us save money. The product is a wristband
that gives us an electric shock if we spend too much money. The wristband is called Pavlok. It is
linked to our bank account. It knows how much money we have in the bank. If we go shopping
and there is not enough money in our bank account, the wristband makes an electric shock on
our wrists. This warns us not to overspend. The company is called Intelligent Environments. It
wants to work with banks to help customers with their money. So far, no banks in Britain have
said they would ask their customers to wear Pavlok. They could start doing this in the future.

The Pavlok wristband is part of the Internet of Things. This is the idea that everything in our life
will be connected to the Internet. The CEO of Intelligent Environments, David Webber, said

people liked the idea of the Pavlok. Shoppers would rather get a small electric shock in the store
from the wristband than get a big shock later when they see their bank account. Mr. Webber said
the Pavlok would be great for people who cannot stop spending because they have no power or
their power is weak. He added that many young people have the
people put their heads in the sand and buy things rather than look at how much money they
have in their bank accounts.

（1）The company made the product to help itself _________.

A. make money B. save money C. spend money D. rob money

（2）The wristband has to work with _________.

A. shops B. doctors C. banks D. Intelligent Environments

（3）Mr. Webber thinks the wristband is _________.

A. helpless B. great C. a big surprise D. cheap

（4）You can read this passage in a _________.

A. health magazine B. science magazine C. sports magazine D. weather report

【答案】 （1）A

（2）C

（3）B

（4）B

【解析】 【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了英国生产的帮助人们省钱的工具——腕带，如果
你花钱多了，它会电击你 ，它是互联网的一部分。

（1）逻辑推理题，公司的目的是赚钱，他生产这种东西就为为了赚钱，故答案是A。

（2）细节理解题，根据It is linked to our bank account.可知它跟银行账户关联，故答案是
C。

（3）逻辑推理题，根据最后一段的陈述可知，韦伯认为这种产品很棒，故答案是B。

（4）文章出处题，这是一篇科普性的文章，应出现在科学杂志上，故答案是B。

【点评】 考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、逻辑推理题和文章出处题。细节理解题可
以直接从文中寻找答案； 逻辑推理题需要结合具体语境，有已知内容推出未知的可能的事
实；文章出处题需要根据文章内容来判断 文章的来源。


12．阅读理解

A class teacher, in my opinion, plays an important role in a child's development. Every year
when my daughter moves to a new class? I have a usual big worry-her new class teacher. This
year, she is moving to Class Three and I can't wait to see how things are going on.

Last year, my daughter did not like her teacher at all. It was so bad that she did not look
forward to school. It was a year full of trouble and worries.

This year, Miss Purity is gentle and humorous. It's hard not to like her. Here are the changes in
my daughter.

She becomes an early bird. Last year, mornings were like a fight because I had to force Tasha to
hurry up when she was preparing for school. I had to pull her out of bed, tell her to take breakfast
and then drove her to school. But now, our mornings are like a party. She wakes up early,

prepares everything at a high speed and then rushes to school to be with Miss Purity.

She's happy. She enjoys school and schoolwork and keeps talking about what they did at school
when she comes home.

She's responsible. She used to be careless and forgetful. But now she never forgets even her
water bottle at school. She makes her bed and helps in the kitchen.

Her diary is full of praise. The diary is the tool of communication between the teacher and the
parents. Last year, her diary was always full of negative （负面的） reports. One time, she
poured water in a child's lunchbox. Another time she threw another kid's textbook in the toilet.
Now she begins to share her snacks with those who do not have anything. She's always
volunteering to clean the blackboard, the teacher's chair and desk.

She does well in school. Finishing her classwork was such a big problem. She had to do it at
home. But now, she finishes both the classwork and homework at school.

（1）What is the big worry of Tasha's parent every year?

A. Who will be Tasha's class teacher. B. Which class Tasha will be in.

C. How Tasha goes to school in the morning. D. What Miss Purity looks like.

（2）What did Tasha do when she didn't like her class teacher?

A. She had a fight with her mother in the morning.

B. She didn't want to go to school.

C. She missed a lot of classes.

D. She refused to do classwork and homework.

（3）Which of the following is NOT true about Tasha's past?

A. She couldn't finish her classwork at school.

B. She often forgot things at school.

C. She didn't get on well with her classmates.

D. She was careless and silent.

（4）What is NOT mentioned about the changes in Tasha?

A. Her progress with Miss Purity.

B. Her hobbies.

C. Her living habit.

D. Her behavior at school.

【答案】 （1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍一个班主任在孩子的成长过程中起着重要的作用。

（1）细节理解题。根据第一行Every year when my daughter moves to a new class，I have a
usual big worry- her new class teacher每一年，当我的女儿搬到了一个新的班级，我通常会有
一个大烦恼- 她的新班主任。可知，塔莎的父亲每年最大的担心是谁将是塔莎的班主任，故
答案为A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段It was so bad that she did not look forward to school它是如此
糟糕，她不想上学．可知，当塔莎不喜欢班主 任的时候，就不愿意去上学，故答案为B。

（3）细节理解题。根据文中语句She used to be careless and forgetf ul她曾经是粗心的和健
忘的，可知，D选项她很粗心的和沉默的不正确．故答案为D。

（4）细节理解题。根据But now，she finished both the classwork and homework at
school．但现在，她完成了在学校的功 课和作业．可知，A选项和Purity小姐呆在一起的
进步提到了；根据But now，our mornings are like a party．She wakes up early但是现在，< br>我早上就像聚会．她很早就醒了，可知，C选项她的生活习惯提到了；根据he's always
volunteering to clean the blackboard，the teacher's chair and desk．他总是主动擦黑板，老师
的椅子和桌子．可知， D选项她在学校的行为．提到了；B选项她的兴趣文中没提到，
故答案为B。

【点 评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题
的大意；然后带着问 题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。


13．阅读理解

Sometimes I really doubt whether there is love between my parents. Every day they are very
busy trying to make money for my schooling.

One day, my mother was sewing a quilt（缝被子）.I silently sat beside her.



With surprise in her eyes, she stopped her work for a while. Then she said,
thread（线）.It can hardly be seen, but it's really there. It makes the quilt strong. If life is a quilt,
love should be a thread. Love is inside.

I couldn't understand her until the next spring. At that time, my father suddenly got sick
seriously. My mother had to stay with him in the hospital for a month.

After they were back, my mother helped my father walk slowly on the country road every day.
They were so kind to each other and it seemed they were the happiest couple.

After two months my father still couldn't walk by himself.




life.

Now I understand that love is just a thread in the quilt of our life. Love is inside, making life
strong and warm.

（1）Susan's father stayed in hospital for _________.

A. one day B. one month C. two months D. three months

（2）Susan came to understand her mother _________.

A. while her mother was sewing a quilt

B. before her father was in hospital

C. when she was sitting beside her mother

D. after her father was seriously sick

（3）What can we know from the passage?

A. Susan's father is very lazy.

B. Susan's mother is a nurse.

C. Susan's parents love each other.

D. Susan doesn't like her father.

（4）Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?

A. How to make a quilt strong

B. Love is just a thread

C. Walking on the country road

D. A seriously sick father

【答案】 （1）B

（2）D

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：作者通过讲述妈妈缝被子的事，明白了爱只是我们生活被子
里的一 根线。爱是内在的，让生活变得坚强和温暖。

（1）细节理解题，根据 My mother had to stay with him in the hospital for a month. 可知
爸爸在医院待了一个月，故答案是B。

（2）细节理解题，根据 I couldn't understand her until the next spring. At that time, my
father suddenly got sick seriously. My mother had to stay with him in the hospital for a
month. 可知，当爸爸生了重病时，作者才理解了她的妈妈，故答案是C。

（3）逻辑推理题，根据 I just like walking with your mom. I like this kind of life. 可知作者
的父母是彼此相爱的，故答案是C。

（4）标题判断题，根据 Now I understand that love is just a thread in the quilt of our
life. 可知文章的标题是：爱就是一条线，故答案是B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题 、逻辑推理题和标题判断题几种常考题型，细节
题要注意从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要联系上下文， 按照一定的逻辑推理方式推断出
需要的信息；标题判断题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想，最 后凝练句式获取
答案。


14．阅读理解

Have you noticed your life becoming a little easier? Now, when you go to a certain shopping
mall, you can enjoy its free Wi-Fi there. When you want to take a taxi, you can book one with
your phone. In fact, all these can be seen as the basic parts of a smart city.

The idea of a smart city was brought up by US company IBM in 2010. Generally, a smart city is a
city that uses digital technologies such as the Internet to improve city planning, save money and
resources, and make our life convenient. How smart can a city be? Here are great examples that
we can learn from.

In 2009, Dubuque became the first smart city in the US. The city used smart water meters to
take the place of traditional water me tens. They can detect （探测） water waste and leakage
（泄漏） and send data to let the house owner know. The same system is used for other city
resources like electricity and natural gas. In this way, people know how they use their resources
and are glad to help reduce waste.

Santander in Spain also gives us a look at the future. If people point a phone toward a nearby
bus stop, the phone immediately shows all bus lines that serve the stop as well as their arrival
times. The government organized a research team and provided an App （应用程序） that
collects data on almost everything: light, temperature, and the movements of cars and people.
Opening the App near a supermarket provides immediate information on special offers.

（1）The underlined word

A. useful B. normal C. suitable D. easy

（2）Compared with traditional water meters, smart water meters do better in ______.

A. cleaning water B. supplying water C. saving water D. producing water

（3）The example of Santander shows the use of smart systems in aspects （方面） EXCEPT
______.

A. business B. health care C. traffic controlling D. public transportation

（4）What's the main idea of the passage?

A. Digital technologies help improve city planning.

B. Smart cities will make our future life better and smarter.

C. Smart cities are very common in both Dubuque and Santander.

D. Spain and the US take the leading position in building smart cities.

【答案】 （1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）B

【解析】 【分析】文章大意：文章主要对智能城市进行了基本介绍，又通过迪比克和桑坦
德的例子介绍了智能城市 为生活所带来的便捷。

（1）猜测词句题。由语句Generally, a small city is a city that uses digital technologies such as
the Internet to improve city planning, save money and resources 可知，总的来说，小城市就是
使用数码科技例如互联网去提 高城市计划，节省金钱和资源。由此可推知，节省金钱、能
源，可以使我们的生活更加轻松便捷。eas y 意为“轻松的”，符合题意。useful 意为“有用
的”，normal 意为“普通的”，suitable 意为“适合的”，均不符合题意。故正确答案为D。

（2）细节理解题。由文中语句This way, people know they use their resources and are glad to
help reduce waste 可知 ，通过这种方式，人们就可以知道他们使用的资源并愿意减少资源
的浪费。由此可知，智能水表可以在节 约水资源方面做的比传统水表更好。save water 意
为“节约水资源”，符合题意。故正确答案为C。

（3）细节理解题。A项，由第四段第四句 Opening the App near a supermarket provides
immediate information on special offers 可知，在超市旁边打开这个应用程序，可以马上推送
特价商品的信息。 由此可推知，智能系统在商业（business）中有所应用。B项，health
care 意为“健康管理”，文章没有提及。C项，由第四段第二句 If people point a phone toward
a nearby bus stop, the phone immediately shows all bus lines that sever the stop as well as their
arrival times 可知，如果人们用手机 指向一个附近的公交车站，手机就会马上展示出所有的
会在这站停的公交车路线。由此可推知，智能系统 在交通控制（traffic controlling）方面有
所应用。D项，由第四段第二句 If people point a phone toward a nearby bus stop, the phone

immediately shows all bus lines that sever the stop as well as their arrival times 可知，如果人们
用手机指向一个附近的公交车站，手机就会马上展示出所有的会在这站停的公交车路线。
由此可推知，智能系统在公共交通（public transportation）方面有所应用。故正确答案为
B。

（4）主旨归 纳题。A项，意为“电子科技帮助提升了城市规划”，只在第一段中有所提及。
故A项错误。B项，意为 “智能城市使我们未来的生活更好更智能”，文章主要对智能城市
进行了基本介绍，又通过迪比克和桑坦 德的例子介绍了智能城市为生活所带来的便捷。故
B项正确。C项，意为“智能城市在迪比克和桑坦德非 常普遍”，文章第三段和第四段主要介
绍了智能应用在两座城市中的应用，并没有提到普及型。故C项错 误。D项，意为“西班牙
和美国在建设智能城市方面处于领导地位”，文章提到美国的迪比克是第一个智 能城市，西
班牙也采用了智能城市，但是并没有提到领导地位。故D项错误。故正确答案为B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了
解大意之后 找出中心思想。


15．阅读理解

Except for a few times, Americans are not big present- givers. There's no exchange of presents
among business people, and if one American tries to give another a present, it may look like that
he wants to bribe（贿赂） him. Americans have learned that in some other countries people like
to give presents to others, but among ourselves we don't see the need for presents.

Even friends may never exchange presents. When I go to foreign countries, I try to bring back
little things for close friends, but nobody would feel unhappy if I didn't. I don't often remember a
friend's birthday, and few people outside of my family remember mine. If someone gave me
presents too often, I'd get unpleasant. But a present from a foreigner-that kind from his or her
homeland-won't go wrong, except to government employees（政府职员） who can't be given
presents.

You usually open a present at once and in front of the person who gives it except Christmas and
birthday presents. You should only say, so nice. Thanks…when you get Christmas or
birthday presents.

You may want to bring a bottle of wine（葡萄酒） or flowers to a dinner party, but you're
never asked to. Nobody will mind if you bring wine, but your friend may not use it that evening.

At Christmas we often give presents to our family and sometimes our friends. We also give
presents to people who have been helpful during the year—doormen, babysitters, housecleaners,
newspaper senders—anyone who has often helped us.

（1）What kind of presents don't Americans usually open in front of the givers?

A. The small presents.

B. Christmas or birthday presents.

C. The expensive presents.

D. The presents for dinner party.

（2）Which of the following do you think is RIGHT?

A. American business people don't want presents because they are rich enough.

B. The writer of this passage must be an American.

C. Everyone must give presents to one's family and friends at Christmas.

D. Government employees can get little presents from a foreigner.

（3）What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Present-giving in the United States.

B. Customs（习俗） in the United States.

C. American people and present-giving.

D. When and how to give presents.

【答案】 （1）B

（2）B

（3）A

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了美国人送礼物的文化风俗。美国人不会 经常互送礼物的，因
为他们认为是在贿赂，尤其是政府官员。但他们在圣诞节会给某些人送礼物的，以便 来感
谢他们。

（1）细节题。根据You usually open a present at once and in front of the person who gives it
except Christmas and birthday presents.可知对于圣诞礼物和生日礼物，美国人通常不在给予
者面前打开礼物 ，故选B。

（2）细节题。 根据第一段的第一句话可判断A是错误的。根据第一段第一句 话和第二段
可推断B项是正确的。根据最后一段可知在圣诞节不是给每个人礼物的，可知C项是不正确的。根据第一段和第二段最后一句话可推断D项是错误的。故选B。

（3）主旨题。 根据整篇文章大意可知本文介绍了美国人送礼物的文化风俗，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理 解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，主旨
题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出 中心思想。