小学英语阅读理解的解题技巧
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小学英语阅读理解的解
题技巧
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小学英语阅读理解的解题技巧:
（一）、阅读理解一般分为故事幽默类、说明、科普类
等。
1故事幽默类一般前面都在为幽默做铺垫，只有读到最后
才能显现出幽默之出来。
这类短文一般难度不大，认真阅读，仔细选择，问题都可
以解决，如Write a
Letter to Mary, A Dirty Boy, On the Bus 等
2小学的说明,科普类短文都十分浅显,只要具备一点科普
常识都会读懂的,如,Time,
the Spring Festival
.等,即使文章较长,问题也十分明显，
从文中都能找到答案.
同学可动手做做下题：根据短文内容选择答案.
is very good at
school, but he is not clean. His face and hands
are often dirty.
He washes them with water
only. He does not use soap(肥皂).
Sam has an
uncle. One day his uncle goes to see him. He looks
at him and says, “Sam,
I know what you ate for
breakfast this morning.”
“What”
Sam looks
at his uncle and says.
“Eggs” says his uncle,
“Your face and mouth tell me that.”
“You are
wrong, uncle!”says Sam, “Not today or
yesterday,but the day before
yesterday(前天)!”
( )(1).Who is Sam?
A. He is English.
B. He is a student. C He is a young pioneer. D He
is a teacher.
( )(2) What’s the Chinese for
“dirty”
A. It’s “ 脏的“. B It’s “干净的”
C It’s “坏的 “ D It’s “好的”
( )(3) What’s on
Sam’s face and mouth?
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A Eggs.
B Soap C Water D Bread
( )(4) Which of these
is not wrong?
A Sam doesn’t wash his face
and hands every day.
B. The uncle thinks
the boy ate eggs last morning.
C Sam
doesn’t like eggs at all.
D. Sam doesn’t
know his uncle.
（二）、解题时有以下几种方法：
（
1）略读法：关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，
获得足够的信息以便准确地回答
有关文章主旨和大意的问题。要特别注意文章
首尾两段，第一段往往点明文章主题或作者意图，而最后一
段则常常总结归纳
或重述文章的主要内容。要学会寻找文章段落的主题句，因为把每段主题句的
意思综合起来实际上就是全文的中心思想，文章的主题句也可能出现在段落中
间或结尾。
（2）查阅法：考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章，而只需找出可能包含所需信
息的部分，然后加以阅读就行
。查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息，即谁、什
么、什么时间、什么地点、什么原因以及如何发生等有关或
者具体的数字。
（3）同义互释法：在小学升学考试中有些深层理解或者判断推理的问题可
以采用同义互释法。
（4）判断推理法：有时4个题项中不止一个可以作为答案项，这时就应该
意识到该题是一
个判断推理题。要根据文章的主旨和作者的意图，选择比较，
去伪存真，选出切合文章主旨和作者意图的
最佳答案。
（三）、同学们在做阅读理解时应注意的问题有哪些？
１、弄清文章体裁，
快速理解文章。对不同体裁的文章，要根据其体裁特
点，运用不同的方法快速阅读，正确理解。记叙文一
开始交待人物、时间、地
点、事件，然后详细叙述原因。议论文中，作者先提论点，再加以分析，或举<
br>例论证，得出结论。说明文中，作者先提出说明对象，然后从时间、空间、用
途、方法、步骤等不
同侧面加以说明。
２、仔细研读首尾句，预测文中细节。小学升学考试英语文章往往隐
去
了标题，这给抓文章中心带来了困难。然而，英语的写作特点一般是按总-
分-总这一思路来写的。因此
，研读首、尾句，不但可以帮助考生抓住文章的
内容，还可以揣测作者的态度、意图，从而进一步猜出作
者着重要写的细节。
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３、略读选答，带问阅读。做英语阅读理解题时
，首先应浏览一遍所
提问题及选项，然后带着这些问题有目的、有针对性地阅读文章。
４
、联系生活常识，及早排除错误选项。阅读理解中四个选项，有时
有一个或两个与常识或其他学科中所学
的知识不相符。我们可先将其排队在阅
读中对所剩下的选项进行筛选就容易多了。
5、解
题前要仔细通读全文，遇到难解的词组和句子不要急躁，尽量根
据上下文悟出其义，解题时要带着问题读
查短文分析判断，整题解完后要认
真复查。
6、注意不要改变自己的阅读习惯。有的考生
先看题目后看文章，有的
先看文章再看题目，你平时怎么练，考试就怎么做。临时改变自己的习惯效果<
br>往往不好。其次，看清楚题目是概括中心型还是推理判断性。概括某一段的中
心时注意这一段的首
句和尾句；推理判断题要注意题目问的是作者的态度，不
是你的态度。
（四）、判断正误。
对于阅读试题中的判断正误题，相对比较简单，但学生的出错率
仍然较
大，究其原因，学生不懂判断的方法，通常是读完试题之后，凭着自己对阅读
文章的大致
印象判断。事实上判断试题与选择、填空的做题方法基本一致，仍
需找出试题中的关键词，带着关键词，
在文中寻找所需信息，然后仔细判断是
否与文中信息一致，如一致则正确，，反之错误。试题：Mary
is sick, Mother
takes her to the doctor.
首先在试题中寻找关键词：Mary，sick, Mother，doctor.
带着这些关键词，在
文章中寻找。由于这是阅读文章的第一个试题，所以我们
将答案定位于文章的首段，文中：Mother
says: “Mary, Let’s go to the doctor for a
check.” “Doctor” says Mary, “I’m not sick, Why
do I need to see the doctor”此题与
文中not
sick信息不一致，所以不正确。最后一题：The doctor gives Mary a shot,
It does not hurt at all.由于是最后一题，信息基本在文章的末断，我们只
需将信
息定位于文章的末断或上一试题信息之后，同样带着关键词shot寻找。文中
Mary takes a shot, It does not hurt
much.试题中：not hurt at all与 not hurt
much
不相符，所以错误。
练习
阅读理解：根据短文内容选择合适的答案，将编号填在括号里
（1）
It is a sunny day this Sunday. I usually go
shopping with my mother on Sunday.
Sometimes I
climb mountains. That’s fun. But not this Sunday.
Because the weather
report says it’s going to
rain next Sunday. I can’t climb mountains in the
rain. I can’t
go shopping either. So I want to
read books at home.
( ) 1 What is the
weather like this Sunday
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A .It
is Sunday. B .It is fine. C .It is rainy.
(
) 2 What do you do on Sunday
A .I climb
hills. B .I go hiking. C .I read books.
( ) 3 Can you climb mountains this Sunday
A .Yes, I can. B .No, I can’t. C .No, I’m not.
( ) 4 Do you go shopping on Sunday
A .Yes, I am. B .Yes, I do. C .No, I’m
not.
( ) 5 What do you want to do next
Sunday
A I want to read books. B I want
to watch TV. C I want to go shopping.
（2）
Mr Brown lives in a nice house in a small town
with his wife(妻子) , Mrs Brown. From
Monday to
Friday he works in an office near his house. He is
free on Saturdays and
Sundays. He has a nice
garden beside his house. He likes growing flowers
and he
often works in the garden on Saturdays
and Sundays. The flowers are very beautiful
and Mrs Brown likes them very much. She often
helps Mr Brown.
( )1. Mr Brown lives in
______with his wife.
A. a city B. a small
town C. a big town
( )2. He works______
days a week in his office.
A. four B. five
C. six
( )3. He isn’t _______on Saturdays
and Sundays.
A. free B. busy C. happy
( )4. He likes ______ on Saturdays and
Sundays.
A. working in his garden B.
walking in his gardon C. looking at his garden
( )5. Mrs Brown _______ the flowers.
A.
like B. doesn’t like C. often helps
（3）
One day Mr. and Mrs. White go shopping
by car. They stop their car near a
store. They
buy a lot of things and they want to put the
things in the car. But Mr.
White can’t open
the door of the car, so they ask a policeman to
help them. The
policeman is very friendly to
help them. Just then a man comes up and shouts:
“What are you doing with my car” Mr. and Mrs.
White take a look at the car’s
number and they
are frozen there. It isn’t their car.
( )
1. Mr. and Mrs. White drive for ____.
A.
fishing B. shopping C. business
( ) 2.
They stop their car ______.
A. at the parking
spot B. near the sea C. near the store
(
) 3. They want to put the things ___.
A. in
a big bag B. in their car C. in other’s car
( ) 4. Mr. White can’t open the car, so
__________.
A. they walk home B. they ask a
policeman to help C. they call a taxi
阅读理解：判断下列句子意思与短文意思是否相符，用“T”或“F”表示
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（1）
Today is February 3rd. The
weather is windy and cold. I get many cards today.
They’re birthday cards. They’re from my
friends. Can you guess why I wear my new
red
coat and blue jeans. They’re very pretty. My
mother take me to the zoo.I can see
many
animals. I’m very happy today.
( )
birthday is February 3rd.
( ) ’s windy
and snowy today.
( ) 3.I can see many
trees at the zoo.
( ) 4.I have a new coat.
It’s blue.
( ) 5.I have many birthday
cards.
（2）
My name is Tom. My birthday is
June 2nd. The weather is sunny and hot. It’s my
favourite season. On my birthday, I usually
have a birthday party. Sometimes we
have a
picnic. Tomorrow is my birthday. I am cleaning the
room now. My mom is
making a birthday cake for
me.
( )’s birthday is on Children’s Day.
( )’s warm and sunny in summer.
( )3.
Today is June 1st.
( )4. Tom’s mother can
make a birthday cake.
( )y there is a
birthday party on Tom’s birthday.
（3）
Hello. My name is Millie. I’m thirteen years
old. I’m a good boy. I often play
volleyball
so .I’m fit and healthy. For breakfast, I always
have some bread and an egg
and I drink a glass
of orange juice. I sometimes have rice with fish
and an apple for
lunch. I really love apples,
because “An apple a day keeps the doctor
away（离开）”.
In the evening, I sometimes have a
glass of milk or a cup of green tea and some
biscuits. For dinner, I often have soup, meat
and vegetables. I like vegetables
because they
are fresh and healthy. They are good for me. Look
at me! How tall and
strong I am now!
( )
is 14 this year.
( ) likes football very
much.
( ) often drinks orange juice for
breakfast.
( ) likes apples because they’re
healthy.
( )5.I often have vegetables for
dinner.
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