译林版五年级英语下册语法知识点总结.doc
徐庶进曹营-yuwen
五年级下册知识点
一、名词 （单数，复数，不可数）
1. 单数 a fairy , a toothache (two fairies )
an art room English teacher idea
umbrella ( a.e.i.o.u)
2. 复数
1.一般直接+s：trains，students，
2. 以s. x.
结尾，加es：bus-buses，class-classes，
3.
以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i，加es：library—libraries
hobby
---hobbies city——cities family——families
4. 以o结尾的，加es：potato，tomato
,mango,黑人（Negro）,英雄（hero）
5.不规则名词复数： man-men，
woman-women， policeman-policemen
child-
children foot-feet， tooth-teeth
3. 不可数
bread,meat, soup, milk,juice,tea , rice …
二、人称代词
1.主格：I we you you he she
he it they
★2.宾格：me us you you him
her him it them
try itthem on
help mehimher
What’s wrong with
himherthem? eat them
be bad for us
Let meus….do(动词原形)
give it a cake
come to see him
Fit me well
(非常适合我，这里不用very，用well即可，其他场合的很非常要加very)
3.形容词性物主代词： my our your your his her
its their
★三、介词
1、表示时间的：
① in ＋ 月份 ：
in January ， in April
② in the morning
afternoonevening
③ in ＋ 季节 ： in winter
④ on ＋具体日期 on the 23
rd
of June
⑤ at ＋ 具体时刻 at five o’clock
2、表示节日的：
① at Spring Festival at
Christmas Halloween
② on Mother’s Day （单数）
on Children’s Day 在儿童节 （复数）
3、表示地点的：（far
fromnearnext tobesidebehindbetweenunderinonat）
① at the party at the prince’s house at the
traffic lights at the bus stop
at Park
Station at homeschool
② on your left
③
on Moon Street in Sunshine Town
★四、季节和月份
Spring is in March,April and
May. warm
Summer is in
June，July and August. hot
Autumn is in September,October and November. cool
Winter is in
December,January and February. cold
★五、基数词和序数词
基数词：one two three four
five six seven eight nine ten
eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen
seventeen
eighteen nineteen
twenty twenty-one thirty ···
序数词：first
second third fourth fifth sixth seventh
eighth ninth
tenth eleventh twelfth
thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth ···
twentieth twenty-first thirtieth thirty-second
序缩写：
十九nineteen,九十ninety,
第十九nineteenth,第九十ninetieth;
六、哪些情况加动词原形：
should would 2. let 3.助动词 dodoes
练习： Hai should ______(take) some medcine.
’s go and ______（have）a party.
3.______(do)Nancy ______ (like) _______(dance) ?
ella has to ______(come) back before 12
o’clock.
七、哪些情况加动词ing
2. go
good at how about
注意：动词ing形式也叫作动词的现在分词（-ing），变化规则：
（1）直接加ing：draw——drawing
play——playing
（2）以不发音的e结尾的，去e加ing：dance——dancing
skate——skating
make——making have——having
write——writing live——living
come------coming
ride -------riding drive------driving
（3）以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅元辅”结构的，双写末字母加ing：
swim——swimming run——running chat——chatting
sit——sitting put ——putting
shop——shopping
get-----getting
练习：’s
go ________(swim) this afternoon.
’re
really good at _________(skate).
3._____(be) your uncle ______(read) books now?
about ________(watch) a film?
★八、现在进行时
表示：正在进行的动作或存在的状态。（nowlistenlook）
构成:
be(isamare) ＋ 动ing
例：特殊疑问句 1. What are you
doing? I am sweeping the floor.
2. Where are you going? I am going to the
playground.
一般疑问句 you cooking tomato soup?
Yes,I , I’m not.
he looking for
some juice? Yes, he ,he isn’t.
九、一般现在时
表示：经常发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。
（always 总是；usually 通常；often经常；sometimes有时候）
例：What do you (usually) do on your birthday?
What do you eat at Spring Festival?
★注意主语是三单时，动词要变为动三单形式，变化规则如下：
1) 一般情况下,动词后面直接加
-s. ： climbs takes picks
2) 以ch,sh,s,x 或 o
结尾的动词,在后面加 -es.
例: teaches , watches, does ,
goes, catches ,brushes
3) 以辅音字母 +
y结尾的动词,把 y变为 i 再加 -es. try--tries
十、 辨析
2.和 ① and (Su Yang and I) are helping her.
② with ( We )often have a big dinner
with (our parents) .
3.也 ① too It’s Su
Yang’s birthday too. （句末）
② also
It’s also Su Yang’s birthday. （句中）
③
either They should not eat or drink either.
(否定句)
动词 （isamare）① I am you are
② 单数不可数 is 复数 are
★5.想要 ① want =would
like + 名词 She wants a big cake.=
②
want to=would like to ＋动原 She wants to buy a big
cake.=
（注意：不要看到like就跟doing，like doing是喜欢做某事）
★6.是······的时候了。It’s time to have lunch.
(to +动原)
It’s time for
lunch. (for+名词)
★7. look for 寻找（过程）
Liu Tao is looking for some milk.
find
找到（结果） Yang Ling cannot find the bookshop.
8. or （通常用于否定句） and （通常用于肯定句）
十一、易错词汇和词组
’s (是谁) whose(谁的)
he’s(他是) his (他的)
there are有 they’re
他们是 these 这些
pretty 漂亮的 present 礼物
parent 父或母
read 读 ride 骑
2. play
basketball play the piano play with
Kitty the cat
3. sweep the floor （区分：扫，洗，擦）
4. clean the car table clean the
classroom library
5. wash clothes the dishes
some vegetables
6. give … to send…to
write…to show…to buy…for
7. fit hear
well 、work on a big ship、 too younglatemany
sweets
8. what where when who whose how
many how old which(哪个)
十二、文化板块
1.I
like reading fairy tales.
I like reading
stories about(关于) the Monkey King and
Nezha.
the UK , we
ask the toilet?
In the US , we ask the
restroom?
have a fever. Your temperature is
102°F. 102?
It's 39°C.
4.I eat with
chopsticks. (Chinese)
I eat with a
knife and fork. （Western）西方人
een is on the
thirty–first of en usually d
ress up. They
knock on people's doors and shout or tr
eat?for
sweets.
in the West usually open their
presents as soon as th
ey receive them.
★十三、 四会单词和句型
单词：
why，because，clothes，let，put on，have to，take
off，moon，street，near，
city，by，bus，on
foot，metro，taxi，bike，plane，train，take，get on，get o
ff，walk，
hospital，shop，zoo，film，stop，feel，shoul
d，have a rest，toothache，anything，clean，
cook，bu
sy，garden，sweet，vegetable，tomato，potato，look for，l
ove，bread，January，
February，call，May，June，Septe
mber，October，November，birthday，April，game，
Marc
h，July，August，December，play，answer
句型：
1. Why are you sad? Because I
can’t go to the party.（问原因）
2 . How do you
come to school? I come to school by bustaxi.
(问交通工具)
me， how do I get to the
cinemahospital···? （get there）
You can get
onoff the metrobus at… （问路、指路）
Then,
walk togo along ….（问路）. You can see …on your
leftright.
’ wrong with you? I have a
feverheadachecoldtoothache.
You
shouldshouldn’t… （问身体状况）
What’ wrong with himher? HeShe has a
fever.
How do you feel now? I feel
better(好些) . cold hungry…
5. What are youthey
doing? I amWe areThey are sweeping the floor.
What is heshe doing? HeShe is cooking
dinner.
6. Are you cooking meat? No,
I’m not. I’m washing some vegetables.
How’s
the meatsoup…? It’s yummynice.
I
can’t wait! I love it! （vegetable
salads）
7. The Spring
Festival is in January or February.
People
eat rice dumplings at this
festival.（
注意festival不是节日名称时不要大写）
8. When’s
your birthday？ It’s on the _______of ______.
(四月21日)
What do you do on your birthday?
I usually···（have a partybuy a birthday
cakeeat noodles···）（问生日）
其他重要句型
1. Because I don’t have any nice
clothes.
=Because I have no nice clothes.
2. I come to school on foot. = I walk to
school.
3. Yang Ling gets to Su Yang’s home by
metro.
=Yang Ling takes a metro to Su Yang’s
home
4. Can I go to school by bike? = Can I
ride a bike to school?
No,you can’t.
5.
It’s far from school. = It’s not near school.
6. Let’s take the metro.
7. Bobby is very
happy to help them.
8. ……
9.
10.
3.
4.
1、Genius only means hard-working
all one's life. (Mendeleyer, Russian Chemist) 天才只
意味着终身不懈的努力。20.8.268.26.202011:1211:12:27Aug-2011:1
2
2、Our destiny offers not only the cup of
despair, but the chalice of opportunity. (Richard
Nixon, American President
)命运给予我们的不是失望之酒，而是机会之
杯。二〇二〇年八月二十六日2020年8月26日星期三
5. 3、Patience is bitter, but its fruit is
sweet. (Jean Jacques Rousseau , French thinker)忍耐是
痛苦的，但它的果实是甜蜜的。
11:128.26.202011:128.26.202011:1
211:12:278.26.202011:128.26.2020
6. 4、All that
you do, do with your might; things done by halves
are never done right. ----R.H. Stoddard,
American poet做一切事都应尽力而为，半途而废永远不
行8.26.20208.26.
202011:1211:1211:12:2711:12:27
7. 5、You have
to believe in yourself. That's the secret of
success. ----Charles
Chaplin人必须相信自己，这是成功的秘诀。-Wednesday, August 26,
2020August
20Wednesday, August 26, 2
8.
6、Almost any situation---good or bad---is affected
by the attitude we bring to. ----Lucius Annaus
Seneca差不多任何一种处境---无论是好是坏---
都受到我们对
待处境态度的影响。11时12分11时12分26-Aug-208.26.2020
9. 7、Although the world is full of suffering,
it is full also of the overcoming of it.----Hellen
Keller, American writer虽然世界多苦难，但是苦难总是能战胜的。
20.8
.2620.8.2620.8.26。2020年8月26日星期三二〇二〇年八月二十六日
10.
8、For man is man and master of his fate.----Tennys
on人就是人，是自己命运的主人11:1211:12:278.26.2020Wednesday,
August 26, 2020
11. 9、When success comes in
the door, it seems, love often goes out the
window.-----Joyce Brothers成功来到门前时，爱情往往就走出了窗外。
1
1:128.26.202011:128.26.202011:1211:12:278.26.20201
1:128.26.2020
12. 10、Life is measured by
thought and action, not by time. ——Lubbock 衡量生命的尺
度是思想和行为，而不是时间。
8.26.20208.26.202011:1211:1211:1
2:2711:12:27
13. 11、To make a lasting marriage
we have to overcome self-
centeredness.要使婚姻长久，就需克服自我中心意识。Wednesday, August
26, 2020August 20Wednesday,
August 26, 2
14. 12、Treat other people as you hope they
will treat you.你希望别人如何对待你，你就如何对待别人。11时12分11时12分26-
Aug-208.26.2020
15.
1.
亲爱的读者：
2.
春去春又回，新桃换旧符。在那桃花盛开的地方，在这醉人芬芳的季节，
愿你生
活像春天一样阳光，心情像桃花一样美丽，感谢你的阅读。
11.