应计利息和到期收益率的计算方法
防化学院-黑眼睛
应计利息和到期收益率的计算方法
中国人民银行2004年6月
2日发布的《关于全国银行间债券市场债券到期收益率计算
有关事项的通知》(银发[2004]116
号),规范了现有银行间债券市场的应计利息和到期收益
率的计算方法。
(一)基本概念
1.日计数基准
债券市场中计算应计利息天数和付息区间天数时采用的基准,如“实际天数实
际天数”、
“实际天数365”、“30360”等。
2.理论付息日
对零息债券
和到期一次还本付息债券,债券期限内每年与到期兑付日相同的日期。如零
息债券A到期兑付日为200
8年8月10日,则债券期限内每年的8月10日为债券A的理论
付息日。
(二)日计数基准
银行间债券市场(包括债券回购交易)日计数基准为“实际天数365”,即应计利息天
数按实
际天数计算(算头不算尾),一年按365天计算。
(三)应计利息的计算
到期收益率是将
债券未来现金流折算为债券全价的贴现率,债券全价等于债券净价与债
券应计利息之和,应计利息计算公
式如下:
1.对固定利率债券和浮动利率债券,每百元面值的应计利息额为:
AI
C
t
365
其中:
AI: 每百元面值债券的应计利息额;
C:每百元面值年利息,对浮动利率债券,C根据当前付息期的票面利率确定;
t:起息日或上一付息日至结算日的实际天数。
2.对到期一次还本付息债券,每百元债券的应计利息额为:
AIKC
其中:
C
t
365
AI: 每百元面值债券的应计利息;
C:每百元面值年利息;
K: 债券起息日至结算日的整年数;
t:起息日或上一理论付息日至结算日的实际天数。
3.对零息债券,每百元债券的应计利息额为:
AI
100P
d
t
T
其中:
AI:每百元面值债券的应计利息;
P
d
:债券发行价;
T:起息日至到期兑付日的实际天数;
t:起息日至结算日的实际天数。
(四)债券全价与到期收益率的互算
1.对处于最后付息周期的固定利率债券、待偿期在一年
及以内的到期一次还本付息债
券和零息债券,到期收益率按单利计算。计算公式为:
y
FVPVD
PV365
其中:
y:到期收益率;
FV:到期兑付日债券本息和,固定
利率债券为M+Cf,到期一次还本付息债券为M+N
×C,零息债券为M;
PV:债券全价;
D:债券结算日至到期兑付日的实际天数;
M:债券面值;
N:债券期限(年),即从起息日至到期兑付日的整年数;
C:债券票面年利息;
f:年付息频率。
2.对待偿期在一年以上的到期一次还本付息债券和零息债券,到期收益率
按复利计算。
计算公式为:
PV
FV
(1y)
d
m
365
其中:
PV:债券全价;
FV:到期兑付日债券本息和,到期一次还本付息债券为M+N×C,零息债券为M;
y:到期收益率;
d:结算日至下一最近理论付息日的实际天数;
m:结算日至到期兑付日的整年数;
M:债券面值;
N:债券期限(年),即从起息日至到期兑付日的整年数;
C:债券票面年利息。
3.对不处于最后付息周期的固定利率债券,到期收益率按复利计算。计算公式为:
PV<
br>Cf
(1yf)
d
(365f)
Cf
(1yf
)
d
1
(365f)
(1yf)
其中:
Cf
d
n1
(365f)
(1yf)
M
d
n1
(365f)
PV:债券全价;
C:票面年利息;
f : 年付息频率;
y:到期收益率;
d:债券结算日至下一最近付息日的实际天数;
n:结算日至到期兑付日的债券付息次数;
M:债券面值。
(4)对于浮动利率债券的到期收益率,可参考(1)和(3)中固定利率债
券的收益率
算法,假定未来各期票面利率与当前付息期票面利率相同进行计算。登鹳雀楼黄
My
father
was a self-taught mandolin player. He
was one of the best string instrument
players
in our town. He could not read music, but if he
heard a tune a few times,
he could play it.
When he was younger, cursing the day of his
audition and he
did not want to be around that
type of environment.
Occasionally, Dad would get out his
mandolin and play for the family. We
three
children: Trisha, Monte and I, George Jr., would
often sing along. Songs
such as the Tennessee
Waltz, Harbor Lights and around Christmas time,
the
well-known rendition of Silver Bells.
in the city
young, and would sing it
with Dad when he would play and sing. Another song
that was often shared in our house was a song
that accompanied the Walt
Disney series: Davey
Crockett. Dad only had to hear the song twice
before he
learned it well enough to play it.
Frontier
the program and would often get
out the mandolin after the program was over.
I
could never get over how he could play the songs
so well after only hearing
them a few times. I
loved to sing, but I never learned how to play
河入海流。
欲穷千里目,更上一层楼。
译