人教版高一英语(必修一)unit5知识点及练习
索赔英文-雁
必修 I---Unit 5
I---V Nelson Mandela—a
modern hero
一、知识点
1. A great person is a
someone who devotes hisher life to helping others.
伟人是把自己的生命
奉献给帮助别人的人。（He started to study
ecology and decided to devote his whole life to
the
science.他开始研究生态学，并决心将他的一生献身于这门科学。He
devoted himself entirely to
music.他将一生奉献给了音乐。）
2. fight against 对抗，反对，与„„作斗争
We are all
brothers in the same fight against
injustice.在共同反对非正义行为的斗争中, 我们都
是同志.
People
often have to fight for their
liberty.人们往往不得不为自由而战。
He and his wife are
always fighting about who will take after the
children. 他与他妻子总是在为
由谁来照看孩子而吵架。
3. He
worked selflessly in China as a doctor and saved
many Chinese soldiers.
作为一个医生他
无私地在中国工作，并且拯救了很多中国战士。
4. He
strongly believed in the three principles:
nationalism; people’s rights; people’s livelihood.
他主张三民主义：民主、民权、民生。
5. be free from 免于，不受
A judge must be free from prejudice.法官必须不抱成见。
6. in a peaceful way 以和平的方式
7. be in
prison 入狱，在狱中服刑
in the prison 在监狱
8. the
same„as„和„„一样
9. the first man to land on the
moon 第一个登上月球的人
10. The time when I first met
him was a very difficult period of my life.
第一次见到他的时候是
在我一生中非常艰难的时期。（定语从句）
11. He was
generous with his time,for which I was
grateful.他十分慷慨地给予我时间，我为此非
常感激。（He is generous
with his money.他花钱大方。I am grateful to you for
helping me.感谢
你的帮助。Our grateful thanks are due
to you.我们衷心感谢你。）
12. have little education
受的教育少
13. I could not read or write well.
我既不会读也不会写。
14. I worried about whether I would
become out of work. 我担心我是不是会失业。
15. I became
more hopeful about my future. 我对自己的未来充满了希望。（I am
hopeful that
she will come tomorrow.
我对她明天要来抱着希望。）
16. as soon as I could 尽快， 马上
17. The last thirty years have seen the
greatest number of laws stopping our rights and
progress,
until today we have reached a stage
where we have almost no rights at all. （定语从句） 过去30
年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什
么权
利都没有的阶段。 （The 19th century saw many changes.
许多变革发生于19世纪。at an
early stage in our history
在我们的历史早期）
18. „we were put into a position
in which we had either to accept we were less
important, or
fight the government.
我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么
跟政府作斗争。
19. Only then did we decide to answer
violence with violence.
只有到这个时候，我们才决定用
暴力反抗暴力。（Only 位于句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句
时，句子采用部分倒装的
语序；修饰状语从句时，只有主句采用部分倒装的语序。
如：①
Only in this way can you come up with a solution
to the problem.只有这样，你才能想出
解决这个问题的办法。
② Only
after being asked three times did he come to the
meeting.叫了三次他才来参加会议。
③ Only when he is
seriously ill does he ever stay in
bed.病的很重时，他才卧床休息。
Only then did I realize my
mistake. 直到那时我才知道我的错误.）
20. as a matter of
fact 事实上 （As a matter of fact，it is health that
counts. 事实上，健康才是
最重要的。 As a matter of fact,
parents don’t want their children to be in
trouble. 事实上，父
母都不希望子女有麻烦。）
21. In 1963, I
helped him blow up some government buildings.
在1963年，我帮助他炸毁了一些政府大楼。（Can you lend me a pump
to blow up my bicycle
tyres?
你能借给我个打气筒给车胎打打气吗?
Then it turned out that
some stars, like our own sun will blow up one day.
然后，事实上有些恒
星，就像我们自己的太阳，有朝一日会爆炸。）
22. „I knew
it would help us achieve our dream of making black
and white people equal.
„„
我知道这是为了实现我们的黑人和白人平等的梦想。
23. in trouble
处于困境 遇到麻烦? ?
Do as you're told, otherwise
you'll be in trouble.叫你怎麽做就怎麽做, 否则有麻烦.
24. be
willing to do sth. 愿意，乐于Only very few people would
be willing to share with him
their
opinions.很少有人愿意跟他分享他们的见解。
25. What was his
attitude towards the unfair situation black people
faced? 他对黑人面临的不公
平处境什么态度？
26. turn to
变成；求助于，借助于, 翻到，转向??
She had no one to turn to
for advice.
她没有一个可以商量的人。
Who can I turn to
in my hour of need? 在我需要的时候我能向谁求助呢？
As they
were out of work,??Mr and Mrs Black had to turn to
their relatives for help.布莱克夫妇
由于失业，不得不向亲戚求帮助。
27. „ the quality of life for black people got
worse. „„ 黑人的生活质量更糟糕。
28„.many people remember
me as one of the first active black fighters for
human rights 很多人
认为我是为人权而战的第一批积极的黑人战士之一。
29. lose heart 灰心;泄气, 丧失勇气,失去信心
Difficulties were increasing. Even then we did
not lose heart. 尽管困难在增加，但我们毫不灰
心。
You will
succeed sooner or later while you don't lose
heart.只要你不失去信心，你迟早会成功。
If you fail, you should
not lose heart but just keep on going.
如果你失败了，你也不该灰心。
30. escape from 逃脱，逃离，从„„逃出
He listens to music as an escape from the
pressures of work.
他听音乐以缓解一下工作的压力.
He
stayed in the background to escape from the public
attention. 他呆在幕后为了避开公众的注
意。
The
couple had a narrow escape from the
fire.这对夫妻从火灾中死里逃生。
31. He taught us during the
lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have
been asleep. 在
午餐的休息时间和晚上我们本应该睡觉的时候他教授我们。
should have done 本应做而未做
needn’t have done
本不应做而做了
can’t have done 过去不可能做过
32. He
said they should not be stopped from studying for
their degrees.他说他们不应该被剥夺通
过学习获得学位的权利。
33.
„but they did pass their exams. 但是他们确实通过了考试。
34. That made me feel good about myself.
这让我觉得自己还不错。
35. be better educated 受到良好教育
36. I didn’t work again for twenty years until
the ANC came to power in 1994.
在非国大于1994
年执政之前，我有20年没有工作。（After Mandela came
to power and became president, his
government
did their best to change the unfair situation for
black people. 曼德勒掌权成为总统
后，他的政府尽力为黑人改变不平等的状况。）
37. All the terror and fear of that time came
back to me.
我回忆起那时的所有的恐怖和令人畏惧的情景。
After
the attack , her eyes filled with terror every
time when she saw a dog.
自从遭遇袭击之后，
她每次看见狗，眼睛里都满是恐惧。
38. be proud to
do sth.
I'll be proud to be part of it
我会以成为其中一份子而自豪。
be proud of sth
You
should be proud of what you have
achieved.你们应当为自己所取得的成绩而自豪。
39. set
up创立，建立，为„作准备；竖立，架起，建造；开业，开始经商
The company was
set up ten years ago.
公司是十年前建立的。
He plans
to set up his own business.
他决定自己做生意。
He
begged me to let him join the club we have just
set up. 他恳求我让他加入我们刚建立的俱
乐部。
40. be
sentenced to „ 被判处„„
He suggested that the
murderer referred to be sentenced to death at
once.他建议所涉及到的杀人
凶手立刻被判处死刑。
Robert was
sentenced to three years in prison for stealing
and released a month ago.
罗伯特因偷
窃被判处三年监禁，于一个月前被释放。
41. Do you have
any thoughts on that? 你认为那怎么样？
42. to my
understanding
按我的理解
43. He was in poor
health in his youth so he had to be educated at
home. 他年轻时身体不好，所
有只得在家接受教育。
44. be accepted
by „ 被„„录取、接受
45. give free medical care to
people there
给那儿的人免费医疗
As far as I
know, in some developed countries people enjoy
free medical care.就我所知，在一些
发达国家人们享有免费医疗。
46. He died from blood poisoning.
他死于败血症。
47. At that time the war between China and
Japan was under way.那时中日战争正在进行之中。
48. Mao
Zedong praised Bethune’s excellent qualities in
this article. 毛泽东在这篇文章了赞扬
了白求恩的优良品质。
49.
point of view 观察点；观点
It depends on your point
of view.这将因个人观点而异。
50. compete with„ 与„„竞争??
If you want to compete with someone, compete
with yourself. 如果你想同别人竞争，先同自己
竞争。
51.
advise??v.
常用搭配
advise + .
advise +
doing
advise sb. to do sth.
advise +
that从句（从句的谓语用“should + v原”， should 常省略）
注：1）与advise用法类似的动词如forbid, ,allow,permit,admit
,consider等直接接动词作宾语
时要用动名词，但接宾补（主补）时，宾补（主补）要用不定式
。
如：We forbid smoking here.（宾语，用动名词） We forbid
you to smoke here.（宾补，用动
词不定式） You are
forbidden to smoke here.（主补，用动词不定式）
2）区别：advise（劝说）persuade（劝服）
EX:??1)我劝过他，但未
能劝服他。_______________________________
2) We
trust you: only you can _____________ him to give
up smoking.
A. suggest? ???B. attract? ???C.
advise? ?? ?D. persuade
Keys: 1)I advised him
but I couldn’t persuade him.??2) D
必修1第5单元难句讲解（人教新课标）
1. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela
was a very difficult period of my life.我初次
遇到纳尔逊•曼德拉是在我一生的一个非常困难的时期。
when在句子中引导的是时间定语从句。when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语：
(1) I still remember the day when I first came
to the school.
(2) The time when we got
together finally came.
2. …my
family could not continue to pay the school fees
and the bus fare. 我的家人不能继续为
我支付学费和公交费用。
[词义辨析] fee and fare
fee
(职业性的咨询或服务所收)费用，报名费，会费。如doctor’s feesa membership
fee
fare (车、船等)费用，购票所需费用。如：
＊Train fares
are going up again.
＊Urban crowdedness would
be greatly relieved if only the charges_____ on
public transport were
more reasonable. A) fees
B) fares C) payments D) costs
译文：只要公共交通的收费更合理一些，城市的拥塞情况就可大大缓解。答案是B。
3. …we have reached a stage where we have
almost no rights at all.我们到达了一个完全没有权
利的地步。
关系副词where在本句中引导的是地点定语从句。关系副词when, where,
why的含义相当于
介词+ which结构，因此常常和介词+ which结构交替使用，例如：
There are occasions when (on which) one must
yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place
where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this
the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?
这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？
4. …only then did we
decide to answer violence with violence.
只是在那时我才决定以暴制暴。
句首出现only then，谓语部分要部分倒装。
1)
句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little,
hardly, at no time, in no way,
not until…
等。Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere
will you find the answer to this
question. Not
until the child fell asleep did the mother leave
the room.
2) 当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。
3) 注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。I have never seen such a
performance. The mother didn't
leave the room
until the child fell asleep.
二、练习
一)单词拼写
1. Q_______ is more
important than quantity.
2. After 4 years’
university study, he ______ his study for a
bachelor’s degree.
3. She is not only
beautiful, but also well e________.
4. She did
a very good job and got a r_______ from the
company.
5. I hated being treated with
v________.
6. The c_______ of life put an end
to his life.
7. In our country people of or
over 18 have the right to v________.
8. The
event has put him into an embarrassing
p___________.
9. Boys are usually not
a_________ in English class.
10. He broke the
law and was put in p________.
二)短语翻译(每空一词)。
1．刚开学的那天，我们的老师就给我们提了一些学习英语的建议。
? ?On the
very first day of school, our teacher __________
us ___________ English learning.
2．
大多数下岗的人员都是文化不高的人。
? ?Most of the people who
___ ____??___??_____ usually have little
education.
3． 别灰心， 你会成功的。
? ?Don’t
_____??_____. You will succeed.
4.
相信自己，别相信他的鬼话。
? ?______??______ yourself.
Don’t ___________ him.
5. 大学尚未毕业，他就创办了自己的公司。
??He _____??______ his own company before
graduating from college.
6. 他从不为考试担心。
?
?He ______never ______??______??_______
examination.
7. 只有通过努力拼搏， 才能实现自己的梦想。
?
?Only by working hard _____ you _________ your
dream.
8. 我们决不能嘲笑那些陷入困境的人，相反，我们应该帮助他们。
?
?We should never laugh at those ______ ________.
On the contrary, we should try our best to
help them.
9. 他上台后就推出了一系列的改革方案。
?
?After ______ ______ _________, he carried out a
series of reform.
10. 他乐于助人。
He ______
______ _____ ______ others.
三）单项选择
1.
_____ out for the game. Some girls stay in the
classroom, talking.
A. Not all the students
go
B. All the students not go
C. Both
the students don’t go D. All the students go
2. You can’t pass the coming examination if
you ______.
A. lose your heart B. lose
heart
C. lose hearts
D. lose your
hearts
3. You can’t _____ until tomorrow
morning after the blood examination.
A. not
only eat but also drink B. either eat or drink
C. neither eat nor drink
D. both eat
and drink
4. If my brother is allowed to go
out, ______.
A. so I should B. so am I C.
so should I D. so I am
5. He ______ prison
two years ago and now he _______.
A. was
put in; was set free
B. was shut into, is
set free
C. put into, has been set freely
D. was put into; has been set free
6. Only at
that time ______ that he had made a lot of
mistakes in his homework.
A. he realized
B. did he realize
C. he did realized
D. realized he
7. This is the plane
_______ he went to Shanghai ______ business.
A. where, for a B. by which, on the
C. on
which, on D. where, on
8. —I can ’t see the
words on the blackboard clearly.
—Why, your
eyes need _____ .Perhaps you need _______ glasses.
A. to examined, to wear B. to examine ,to
wear
C. to be examined, to wear D.
examining, wearing
9.
Instead, he seemed
to see Tom ’s face, with the wide smile he ______
whenever he told a joke.
A. wore B. brought
C. appeared D. carried
10. This is
______ that dog.
A. as a big dog as B. as
big a dog as
C. a as big dog as D. a big as
dog as
11. A new school was ______ in the
village last year.
A. held up B. set up
C. sent up D. brought up
12. The number of
the students in our school _____ large.
A.
are B. is
C. am D. be
13. The road to
the mountains _____ by the snow for almost a
month.
A. has been cut off
B. have been
cut off
C. has been cut down
D. have been
cut down
14. According to the time table , the
train for Beijing______ at seven o’clock in the
evening .
A. leaves B. has left
C.
was left D. will leave
15. We were all
waiting for you. You _____for the seaside by
yourself without leaving a message.
A. mustn’t leave
B. shouldn’t have left
C. could not have left
D. needn’t leave
必修I---unit 5练习参考答案
（一）
1. Quality? ?2.
continued? ?3. educated? ?4. reward? ?5.
violence??6. cruelty
7. vote? ? 8. position?
?9. active? ?10. prison
（二）
1. advised;
on? ?2. are out of work? ?3. lose heart? ? 4.
Believe in; believe
5. set up? ? 6. has; been
worried about? ? 7. can; realize? ?8. in trouble
9. coming to power? ? 10. is willing to help
（三）
ABBBD
BCCAB
BBAAB