一般将来时时态用法讲解
寒衣调-用心做事
一般将来时时态用法讲
解
内部编号：（YUUT-
TBBY-MMUT-URRUY-UOOY-
一般将来时时态
1. 一般将来时的定义
一般将来时表示在现在看来即将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用时间
副词tomorrow,
soon或短语next year week month, in a few
days,
in the future, sometime 做状语。如：
What will
you do this afternoon？ 你今天下午干什么？
We will
have a meeting tomorrow. 我们明天要开会。
He is
going to study abroad（到国外） next year.
明年他要出国
学习。
2. 一般将来时的结构及应用
(1)
shall will + 动词原形。表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态。
特别是表示客观性的事情
或在某条件下要发生的事情，只能用此结构。
如：
What shall we
do if he doesn’t come 如果他不来，我们该怎么
办？
Will you be free this evening 今天晚上有空吗？
I think he will tell us the truth（真相）。
我想他会告诉我们真
实情况的。
(2) be going to +
动词原形。表示已经计划或安排好了的事情，也可
表示有迹象表明肯定要发生的事情。如：
We are going to have a meeting to discuss
（讨论）the matter
this evening. 今天晚上开会讨论这件事情。
Look at the black clouds over there. I think
it is going to
rain soon.
看一看那边的乌云，我想天要下雨了。
There is going to be an
English evening this week. 本周要举行
一个英语晚会。
(3) be
+现在分词。表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态。这个句型中
动词主要是瞬间动词：come, go,
leave, arrive, begin, start,
stop, close,
open, die, join, borrow, buy等。如：
Go ahead,
and I’m coming. 走前面一点吧，我就来。
The dog is
dying. 那条狗要死了。
Hurry up. The shop is
closing. 快点，商店就要关门了。
(4)
一般现在时。表示一种严格按照计划进行的动作。比方说，上
课、飞机起飞、火车离站等。如：
Don’t hurry. The meeting starts at a quarter
past eight. 不要
匆忙，回忆八点过一刻开始。
The bus
goes back at four thirty. 汽车四点返回。
巩固练习：
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空
Lei
tells me he _________________(visit)the Great
Wall
（长城）this weekend.
mother
_________________(buy)me a pair of new trousers
tomorrow.
says she
_________________(leave)soon.
_________________(go) skating if it doesn’t rain
next
Sunday.
_________________(be)an
English evening next week.
over, and you
_________________(get)a good idea.
7.——___________Jim ___________(have)a picnic
next Monday
——-No, he __________.
8.I _________________(miss)you after you leave
here.
_________________(teach)you English
next year
_________________ (be) back in
three hours.
at these clouds. It
___________________ (rain).
二、改错：每处划线中有错误，在题后改正
will sing anddancesfor us tomorrow.
you
going to swim ------Yes, Iwill.
will help
Jim with his Englishevery day.
her
sistersingsa song for me tomorrow
lln’tplant trees next week.
they
going toplaysbasketball tomorrow
go to
visit the factory tomorrow
ll be going
tomake dumplings for Emma.
the boys going
to the Great Wall next month ------Yes,
theywill.
三、句型转换：
Jimis going
to play ll clean
the windowsnext week.
否定句：____________________________
______________________________
一般疑问句：_____________________________
______________________________
两回答：___________________________
_____________________________
特殊疑问句：______________________
_____________________________
四、选择题
( )1. —Are you going to
_______ our English team
in
—Yes, I am.
A. take part in
D.
joined
( )2. Xu Xia and her teammates
are _______ the USA
next week.
B. join C. took part
A. leaving for B.
leave for C. leave D. left
(
)3. There _______ an English party in our class
next week.
Have
( )
4. If it _______ tomorrow, we will go to the park.
A. isn’t rain
D. won’t rain
B. don’t rain C.
doesn’t rain
we go
and watch it
be
“Would you
mind doing…”句型透视
mind用作动词时，习惯后接动名词（短语）作宾语，而不接动词不定
式，常用于Would you
mind doing…？句型中，具体用法是：
1. “Would you
mind doing…？”句型常用于表示请求，意思是
“请你做……你是否介意？、请你做……好吗
？”，是一种比较客气的
表达方式。如：
Would you mind
turning off the light in the
room？请你把房间
里的灯关掉好吗？
如果要表示“请你不要做……你是否介
意？、请你不要做……好
吗？”，只需要在doing前面加上not.如：
Would you mind not standing in front of
me？请你不要站在我
的前面好吗？
2.
如果同意，表示不介意时，可用如下用语来表达：
CertainlyOf
course at ， not at all；
如
果不同意，表示介意时，常用“SorryI‘m
sorry.”（对不起）及陈
述某种理由来表示拒绝或反对。如：
—Would you mind going to the movies this
evening？今晚去
看电影好吗？
A. is going to
have B. is going to beC. will have D.
(
)5. There ______ a football match next week. Shall
A. will have B. has C. have D. will
—I‘m sorry. But I haven’t
finished my homework yet.
对不起，我的作业还没有完成。
学习时还要注意：
1.“Would you mind doing…？”句型中的would也可用do代
替，但语气
较生硬，不如用would客气。
2.“Would you mind doing…
？”句型中的逻辑主语只能是谈话的
对方you.如果想要对方允许自己做某事，可用“Would
you mind my
doing…？”句型，如：
Would you
mind my smoking here？
你介意我在这里吸烟吗？
巩固练习：
一、用下面提供的短语完成句子。
1.
help me wash my clothes
Would you mind
______________________________？
2. give
her a cup of tea
Would you mind
_______________________________？
3. help
him mend his car
Do you have
_______________________________？
4. walk
on the road
Would you mind
_______________________________ on the
road？
二、选择题
( )1. —Would
you mind _______ us in the game
in
( )2. —Would you like to climb
mountains with me this
Sunday
—Not at
all.
A. joining B. join C. join in D.
joining
—I’d love to. But I _______ play table tennis
A. am going B. am going to C. am D. going
to
against Class Three.
( )3.
—Would you mind _______here
—I’m sorry
about that. I’ll go somewhere else.
A. no
smoking B. not smoking C. no smoke D. not
smoke
1. had better 的基本用法特点
其
意为“最好”、“应该”，后接动词原形，与情态动词should用
法相似，其中的had通常缩略为
’d：
You’d better get some
sleep．你最好去睡一会儿。
Wego before it
rains.我们最好在下雨前就去。
2. had
better如何构成否定式和疑问式
构成否定式时，通常将not置于had
better之后(而不是had之
后)；而构成疑问式时，则通常将had(而不是had
better)置于主语之
前：
I’d better not disturb
him．我最好别去打扰他。
What had we better
do我们最好怎么办
练习题
( )1. —I’m afraid
you have a cold. You’d better go
to see a
doctor.
that.
(
)2. —I’m fat. What should I do
more
—_______
A. No, I
have no time. B. That’s a good idea.
C.
It’s very kind of you. D. I’m sorry to hear
—You’d better eat _______ meat and _______
fruits.
A. less; more B. less; less C.
more; less D. more;
( )3. You
had better ask your brother _______ playing
computer games. It’s bad for him.
it up
food.
A. had better not; shouldn’t
C. had
better; had better
—You should _______.
A. drink lots of water
C. see a dentist
B. take a rest
D. have a
B.
should;
had better
D. shouldn’t;
should
( )5. —I have a toothache.
A. to give up B. not to give up
D. not
give it up
—You _______ drink sweet water
and _______ eat sweet
C. to give
( )4.
—I have a stomachache. What should I do
good sleep
情态动词的基本用法归纳
情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to,
shall
(should, will (would), need (needed),
ought to等。
情态动词无
人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。
一、 can, could
1. 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。
Can you lift this heavy box（体力）
Mary can
speak three languages.（知识）
Can you
skate（技能）
2.表示请求和允许。
-----Can I
go now
----- Yes, you can. No, you
can’t.
此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might代替，不
是过
去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。
---- Could I come to see you tomorrow
---- Yes, you can. ( No, I’m afraid not.
)
3.表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。
They’ve
changed the timetable, so we can go by bus
instead.
This hall can hold 500
people at least.
4.表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和
感叹句中。
Can this be true
This can’t be done by
him.
How can this be true
二、
may, might
1. 表示请求和允许。might比 may语气更委婉，而不是
过去式。否
定回答时可用can’t或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。
----Might May I smoke in this room
----
No, you mustn’t.
---- MayMight I take
this book out of the room
---- Yes, you
can. (No, you can’t mustn’t. )
用May
I...？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用Can I...？
在口语中更常见。
2.用于祈使句，表示祝愿。
May you succeed!
3. 表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。
might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。
1．He may might
be very busy now.
2．Your mother may
might not know the truth.
三、 must, have
to
1. 表示必须、必要。
You must come in
time.
在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t（禁止，不
准），而用needn’t,
don’t have to（不必）.
---- Must we hand in
our exercise books today
---- Yes, you
must.
---- No, you don’t have to you
needn’t.
2. must是说话人的主观看法， 而have
to则强调客观需要。must
只有一般现在时， have to 有更多的时态形式。
1） he play isn’t interesting, I really must
go now.
2） I had to work when I was your
age.
3.表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句）
1）
You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he
likes best.
2） Your mother must be
waiting for you now.
四、need
作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般
用must, have to,
ought to, should代替。
1）You needn’t come
so early.
2） ---- Need I finish the work
today
---- Yes, you must. No, you
needn’t.
2. need作实义动词用时，
有人称、时态和数的变化。而need后面只
能接带to的不定式。
He
needs to finish his homework today.
五、
shall, should
用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。
What shall we do this evening
用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺
或威胁。
1）.You shall fail if you don’t work hard.(警告)
2）He shall have the book when I finish
it.(允诺)
3）He shall be
punished.(威胁)
六、 will, would
1.表示请求、建议等，would更委婉。
Will Would you
pass me the ball, please
2..表示意志、愿望和决心。
1）. I will never do that
again.
2.） They asked him if he would go
abroad.
3.
would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表示过去习惯时
比used
to正式，且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。
1）. During the
vacation, he would visit me every other
day.
2）. The wound would not
heal.
七、 should
表示“应该”
1）. I should help her because she is in
trouble.
2.表示推测should , (客观推测),
must(主观推测)。
1）.He must be home by now.
(断定他已到家)
2）He ought toshould be home by
now.(不太肯定)
3） This is where the oil must
be.(直爽)
4）This is where the oil ought
toshould be.(含蓄)
练习题
( )1.
—May I ask you some questions, Dr. Wang
—_______
A. You’re welcome.
C. No, I’m busy.
B. Sure, go ahead.
D. Yes,
you must.
( )2. —Must
I take part in the activity
—No, you
_______. You’re too young. You should look
after yourself.
have to
A. mustn’t B. don’t C. can’t
D. don’t
( )3. —May I watch TV, Mom
not
( )4. —Must we keep
the window _______ all the time
—No, you don’t have to.
A. opening B.
opened C. to open D. open
—I’m afraid you
_______.
A. should not B. can’t C. must
not D. may
( )5. —Must I take the medicine
every day
—No, you _______.
A.
must B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. can’t
(
)6. My mother is ill. I _______ stay at home to
take
care of her.
A.
can B. may C. have to D. maybe
( )7.
—May I use your dictionary, Lily
—Sure,
_______.
A. go ahead B. you can ask Bill
反身代词用法归纳
一、反身代词的基本形式
反身代词是
oneself根据所指词的人称、性别、单复数等的变化可以有
myself, himself,
herself, yourself, itself, ourselves,
yourselves, themselves 等形式。
二、oneself与himself
当one指人时，其相应的反身代词通常用oneself,
在美国英语中也可
用himself：
One should not
praise oneself [himself]. 一个人不应该自吹自
擂。
C. you
can’t D. that’s all right
三、反身代词的句法功能：
1.
用作同位语(加强被修饰词的语气，紧放在被修饰名词后, 或句末：
The box
itself is not so heavy. 箱子本身并不重。
Martin
himself attended the sick man. 马丁亲自照顾病人。
2. 用作宾语(动词或介词的宾语)：
Take good care of
yourself. 照顾好自己。
She could not make
herself understood. 她不能使别人听懂她的
话。
The
child cried himself to sleep. 孩子哭着哭着睡着了。
3. 用作表语
The poor boy was myself.
那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。
The ones who really want it
are ourselves. 真正想要它的是我们
自己。
代词列表
人称代词
主格
I
we
you
me
us
you
人称代词
宾格
形容词性
物主代词
my
our
your
名词性
物主代词
mine
ours
yours
myself
ourselves
yourself
yourselves
she
he
it
they
主格做主语
her
him
it
them
宾格做宾语
放在动词介
词后
反身代词
her
his
its
their
hers
his
its
theirs
herself
himself
itself
themselves
by后接
反身代词
放在名词前
替代形代+名
不可单独用
词
不可与名词
连用
(
)1. —He plays basketball so well! Who taught
_______
—He learnt it by _______.
A. him; him B. himself; himself C. him;
himself D.
himself; him
要求四会的单词
名词
体育运动
team
match football tennis
baseball
skating rowing
cycling basketball
soccer
人物或称谓类
person player
musician scientist
pilot
policeman policewoman
postman
fisherman
hero
grandfather grandmother
grandparents
物品类
basket
cup paper gold
record brush
ring
处所类
grass
theatretheater museum
factory
身体健康类
body
health toothache headache
fever
cough
stomachache illness medicine
heart
食品饮料类
coffee
tea candy fruit
sugar
tomato+es potato+es
salt watermelon
sandwich
strawberry beef biscuit
meal
时间类
age
century weekend
文化信息类
information website
Internet
dictionary
knowledge message passage
culture
其他
shower fact
care advice(a piece of advice)
news pity
article
smoke risk question
habit world
war
introduction note smile
peace
south middle
taxi answer litter
voice
score line phone example
skill
point chance
suggestion mind
side
dream future friendship
jump
part
形容词或副词
weak←→strong least
←→most
popular←→unpopular
healthy =fit←→ill fat ←→thin
dirty←→clean
useful←→ useless
dark←→bright
hungry←→ full
dead←→alive cheap ←→expensive=dear
true←→ false
excited exciting
tiredtiring
certainly badly
really finally
even
famous mad angry
main
funny active
modern
necessary
动词：
win cheer row join
skate
cycle
dream
grow spend jump relax
leave kick pass
throw
fight
kill
invent become follow
hold
score
correct←→
wrong possible ←→impossible quite
successful enough terrible
serious still
enjoypractice
finish mind +doing sth. advise
point hit
hear ring stand
feel
break record suggest lift
boil brush
lie cry
care check worry
cause
smoke taste force
risk build
happen
介词
against through without
off
except
词组荟萃
名词词组
table tennis the day
after tomorrow day
and night
ice cream potato chips first
aid relay
race
动词词组
cheer...on grow up
be good for
be good at=do well in←→do
badly in take part in
keep
fit leave for fall ill
give
sb. a hand shout at sb.
do one’s best=try one’s best
be angry with
talk about
come into being stand for
have a cold
lie down
worry about go ahead
build sb. up
take care of
介词词组及其他
for example
at least in fact
as...as
possible in the future
on the other
hand instead of all over
at first
课本中出现的词组或搭配归纳
be able to be sure
be interested in see
sb. dodoing sth
join the school rowing team
join sb
spend ... doing sth
make . +adj. all over the world
help sb. do sth play against
have
fun
the most popular sports
stop sb from doing sth.
such asfor example
hundreds of years the boys’
800-meter race
lots of = a lot of
make friends with sb. win the first
place
next time
look get
wellbetter take one’s
advice
take medicine
takehave a bath havetake
a
rest
feel like doing sth. go
up go out
fall down
nothing serious stay
up
have a good rest do morningeye
exercises
tellask sb to do sth.
the high jump the long jump
turn ... into...
give up show sb. sth.= show sth.
to sb.
too much
重句大本营
1.
—What are you going to
do
—I’m going to play basketball.
2.
—Would you like to come and cheer us
on
—Sure，I’d love to.
3.
—Which sport do you prefer, swimming or
rowing
—I prefer rowing.
4.
—Are you going to join the school rowing
team
—Yes, I am. No, I’m not.
5.
—What’s your favorite sport, ________
—Basketball, of course.
6.
—Who’s
your favorite player
—LeBron James.
7.
—What are you going to be when you grow
up
—I’m going to be a scientist.
8.
—Why do you like playing soccer
—Because it makes him strong and it’s popular
all over
the world.
9.
—_______,
could you help me(=give me a hand), please
—Sure.
10.
—Will you join us
—I’d be glad to.
11.
—Would you
mind teaching me
—Not at all. You can do
it!
12.
—Would you mind not putting
your bike here
—Sorry. I’ll put it
somewhere else.
13.
—_______, I am sorry for what I
said.(宾语从句）
—It’s nothing.
14.
—Will you take part in the school
sports meet
—Of course I will.
15.
—Which sport will you take part in
—The boys’ 800-meter race.
16.
—Hello, is _______ in
—Speaking.
17.
—What shall we
take
—We’ll take our sports clothes and
sports shoes.
18.
—Shall I take my
camera
—Good idea! It’ll be fun
19.
—When shall we meet
—Let’s make
it half past six.
20.
—Where shall we
meet
—At my house.
21.
—Hello,
_________! You don’t look well. What’s wrong with
you？=What’s the matter with you=What is the
matter with
you
—I have a
toothachebackachestomachacheheadachefever.(I
have the flu.)
22.
—I hope you’ll
get well soon.
—Thank you.
23.
—How long have you been like this
—Two two days.
24.
—You’d better
take some medicine.
—I think I will.
25.
—How are you feeling today
—Not too bad.
26.
—Staying up late is bad for your
health.
—Right! I must have a good
rest.
27.
—May I ask you some
questions, Dr. Li
—Sure, go ahead.
28.
—Must we go to see a doctor at once
when we have the flu
—Yes, we , we
needn’t.(we don’t have to).
29.
—Could
I speak to Dr. Li Yuping
30.
—I’m
afraid he is busy right now.
—Can I leave
a message
—Sure, go ahead.
其他重要句型
1.
She spends half an hour
exercising in the gym every day.
2.
There is going to be a school sports meet next
weekend.
3.
They are leaving for Japan
the day after tomorrow.
4.
Basketball
is one of the most popular sports in the United
States and other parts of the world.
5.
It’s important for you and the other
players to play as a
team.
6.
With
hundreds of years’ history, it is one of the most
popular sports in England.
7.
The
Summer Olympics and Winter Olympics are both held
every
four years.
8.
You’d better
stay in bed and not move your left leg too
much.
9.
Follow the doctor’s
advice, and you’ll get well soon.=If
you
follow the doctor’s advice, you’ll get well
soon.
10.
Be careful not to eat too
much salt or sugar.
11.
But his mother made him taste it.
12.
They must give up smoking as soon as
possible.
13.
Playing sports can also
help you keep fit.