一般将来时态与过去将来时态结构及用法
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一般将来时态与过去将来时态结构及用法
一、一般将来时
标志：will shall + 动词原形
1.
表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，通常与表示将来的时间状语连用（e.g.
tomorrow,
next week, in the future等）。如：
We shall have a
lot of rain next month.
My husband will come
back in a few days.
2. 表示倾向性和习惯性：
Fish
will die without water.
When it gets warmer,
the snow will start to melt.
3.
一般将来时的几种句式结构辨析：
1) will shall + 动词原形
多用于表达主观愿望或必定会发生的事情（“将会如何”）
*shall作助动词时一般只用于第一人称
2) be going to + 动词原形
表示即将发生或打算要做的事：
It is going to rain.
We
are going to have a meeting today.
3) be to +
动词原形
表示按计划或安排即将要发生的动作：
He is to visit
Japan next year.
We are to discuss the report
on Monday.
4) be about to + 动词原形
表示即将发生的动作，意为“马上要做某事”，后面一般不跟时间状语，如：
The
plane is about to start.
Don’t worry. I am
about to make a close examination on you.
二、过去将来时
标志：would + 动词原形
1.
表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，一般用于主句为过
去时的宾语从句中。如：
He said he would come here next Friday.
I
knew that he would help us when we were in
trouble.
2. 表示过去的动作习惯或倾向：
The old man
would sit on a bench in the quite park for hours
without doing anything.
When I worked on that
farm, I would get up at 5 am.
3. 用于虚拟语气中：
If I were you, I would not do that.
If he
were here, he would show us how to do it.
4.
过去将来时的其他形式
1) was were going to + 动词原形。如：
He told us that he was going to attend the
meeting.
She said that I was going to be sent
to meet her at the railway station.
2) was
were to + 动词原形。如：
The building was to be
completed next month.
Li Lei was to
arrive soon.
3) was were about to + 动词原形。如：
We were about to leave there when it began to
rain heavily and suddenly.
He was about to
have lunch when the bell rang.