完整版一般将来时时态用法讲解
新中国成立的意义-低调
般将来时时态
1. 一般将来时的定义
一般将来时表示在现在看来即将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用时间副词 tomorrow,
soon 或短语 n ext year week mon th, in a few
days, in the future, sometime 做状语。如：
What will
you do this afternoon ? 你今天下午干什么？
We will have
a meet ing tomorrow. 我们明天要开会。
He is going to
study abroad (到国外)
2. 一般将来时的结构及应用
(1)
shall will + 动词原形。表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态。特别是表示客观性的事情
或在某条件下要发生的事情，只能用此结构。如：
What shall we do if
he doesn
next year.明年他要出国学习。
'
如果他不?来，我们该怎么办？
Will you be free this
evenin g? 今天晚上有空吗？
I think he will tell us the
truth (真相)
。
我想他会告诉我们真实情况的。
(2) be
going to +动词原形。表示已经计划或安排好了的事情，
发生的事情。如：
We
are going to have a meeting to discuss (讨论)the
matter this evening. 今天晚上开会讨论 这件事
情。
Look
at the black clouds over there. I think it is
going to rain soon. 看一看那边的乌云， 我想天
要下雨了。
There is going to be an En glish evening this
week. 本周要举行一个英语晚会。
(3) be
+现在分词。表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态。 这个句型中动词主要是瞬间动词：
也可表示有迹象表明肯定要
come, go, leave, arrive, begi
n, start, stop, close, ope n, die, jo in, borrow,
buy 等。如：
Go ahead, and I ' m con走前面一点吧，我就来。
The dog is dying.那条狗要死了。
Hurry up. The
shop is closi ng.快点，商店就要关门了。
(4)
一般现在时。表示一种严格按照计划进行的动作。比方说，上课、飞机起飞、火车离
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站等。如：
Don' t hurry. The
meeting starts at a quarter past
eight.不要匆忙，回忆八点过一刻开始。
The bus goes back at
four thirty. 汽车四点返回。
巩固练习:
一、 用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Li Lei tells me he ________________
(visit)the Great Wall (长城)this weeke nd.
2. My
mother ________________ (buy)me a pair of new
trousers tomorrow.
3. She says she
________________ (leave)so on.
4. We
________________ (go) skati ng if it does n ' t
rain n ext Sun day.
5. There ________________
(be)a n En glish evening next week.
6. Think
over, and you _________________ (get)a good idea.
7. ------ ------------------ Jim ___________
(have)a pic nic n ext Mon day?
---- -No, he
__________ .
8. I _________________ (miss)you
after you leave here.
9. Who _________________
(teach)you En glish next year
10. He
_________________ (be) back in three hours.
11. Look at these clouds. It
___________________ (rain).
二、
改错：每处划线中有错误，在题后改正
1. He will sing and dances
for us tomorrow.
2. Are you going to swim?
---- Yes, I wi _
3. He will help Jim with his
En glish every day.
4. Will her sister sings a
song for me tomorrow?
5. They willn 'pla nt
trees n ext week.
6. Are they going to plays
basketball tomorrow?
7. Will we go to visit
the factory tomorrow?
8. Paul will be going to
make dumplings for Emma.
9. Are the boys going
to the Great Wall next mon th? ----- Yes, they
will_
三、 句型转换：
』m is going to play
football tomorrow Mary will clean the windows next
week.
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否定句：
_______________________________
______________________________________
一般疑问句：
________________________________
_________________________________
两回答：
_______________________________
______________________________________
特殊疑问句：
________________________
四、选择题
( )1. —
Are you going to ______ our English team?
—
Yes, I am.
A. take part in
(
B. join
C. took part in D. joined
)2. Xu Xia and her
teammates are _______ the USA next week.
A.
leaving for B. leave for C. leave D. left
(
)3. There ____________ an English party in our
class next week.
A. is going to have B. is
going to beC. will have D. Have
( ) 4. If it
______ tomorrow, we will go to the park.
A.
isn ' t rain B. don ' t rain C. doesn ' t rain D.
won ' t rain
( )5. There __________ a
football match next week. Shall we go and watch
it?
A. will have B. has C. have D. will be
“ Would you mi nd doi ng 句型透视
mind
用作动词时，习惯后接动名词（短语）作宾语，而不接动词不定式，常用于 Would you mind
doing ？句型中，具体用法是：
1. “ Would you mi nd doi
ng…？句型常用于表示请求，意思是 请你做 你是否介 意？、请你
做 ……好吗？
”，是一种比较客气的表达方式。如：
Would you mind turning off
the light in the room ？请你把房间里的灯关掉好吗？ 如果要表示
“请你
不要做 …… 你是否介意？、 请你不要做 …… 好吗？ ”，只需要在 doing
前面加上not•如：
Would you mind not standing in
front of me ？请你不要站在我的前面好吗？
2.
如果同意，表示不介意时，可用如下用语来表达：
CertainlyOf course at
， not at all； 如果不同意，表示介意时，常用 “ SorryI
‘m
sof对不起）及陈述某种理由来表示拒绝或反对。如：
—Would you mind
going to the movies this evening ？今晚去看电影好吗？ —I ‘ m
sorry. But I
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haven 't
finished my homework yet. 对不起，我的作业还没有完成。
学习时还要注意:
1. “Would you mind doing
•?•would也可用do代替，但语气较生硬，不如用 would客
气。
2.
“Would you mind doing •?•
允许自己做某事，可用 “Would
you mind my doing…?•”句型，如：
Would you mind my
smoking here ?
你介意我在这里吸烟吗？
巩固练习：
一、用下面提供的短语完成句子。
1. help me wash my clothes
Would you mind ______________________________
?
2. give her a cup of tea
Would you mind
______________________________ ?
3. help him
mend his car
Do you have
_______________________________ ?
4. walk on
the road
Would you mind
______________________________ on the road ?
二、选择题
( )1. — Would you mind ______ us in
the game?
—Not at all.
A. joi ning
(
B. joi n C. joi n in D. joi ning in
you.如果想要对方
)2. — Would you like to climb
mountains with me this Sun day?
—I ' d love
to. But I _______ play table tennis against Class
Three.
A. am going B. am going to C. am D.
going to
( )3. — Would you mind ______ here?
4
—I ' m sorry about
that. I
A. no smok ing
wHieje eome
C.
no smoke D. not smoke B. not smok ing
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had better用法详解
1. had
better的基本用法特点
其意为 最好” 应该”后接动词原形，与情态动词
should用法相似，其中的had通 常缩略为':
You' d better get
some slee
p
你最好去睡一会儿。
We had better go
before it rains.我们最好在下雨前就去。
2. had
better如何构成否定式和疑问式
构成否定式时，通常将 not置于had
better之后
（
而不是had之后
）
；而构成疑问式时，
则通常将had（而不是had better）置于主语之前：
I ' d better
nosturb him .我最好别去打扰他。
What had we better
do?我们最好怎么办
？
练习题
( )1. — I ' m afraid
you have a cold. You d better go to see a doctor.
A. No, I have no time.
B. That ' s a
good idea.
C.
It ' s very kind of
you.
D
.
I ' m sorry to hear that
(
)2.— I ' m fat. What should I do?
一 You' d better eat meat and
fruits.
A. less; more B. less; less C. more; less D.
more; more
( )3. You had better ask your
brother _______ play ing computer games. It
A.
to give up B. not to give up C. to give it up D.
not give it up
( )4. — I have a stomachache.
What should I do?
—You _______ drink sweet
water and _______ eat sweet food.
A. had
better not; should n
't
B
.
should;
had better
C. had better; had better
D
.
shouldn ' t; should
(
)5. — I have a toothache.
—You
should .
B
A. drink lots of water
.
take a rest
C. see a den tist
D.
have a good sleep
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s bad for
him
情态动词的基本用法归纳
情态动词有 can
（could）, may （might）, must, have to, shall
（should, will （would）, need
（needed）, ought to
等。 情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原 形构成谓
语。
一、
can, could
1. 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。
Can you lift
this heavy box? （体力）
Mary can speak three
Ianguages.（知识）
Can you skate?（技能）
2.
表示请求和允许。
--- Can I go now?
--- Yes, you
can. No, you can 't.
此时可与 may 互换。在疑问句中还可用
couId,might 代替，不是过去式，只是语气更 委婉，不能
用于肯定句和答语中。
--- CouId I come to see you tomorrow?
---------- Yes, you can. （ No, I 'm afraid not. ）
3. ------- 表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。
They've
changed the timetabIe, so we can go by bus
instead.
This haII can hoId 500 peopIe at
Ieast.
4. 表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。
Can this be true?
This can 't be done by
him.
How can this be true?
二、 may, might
1. 表示请求和允许。 might 比 may 语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用
或mustn '，表示 不可以，禁止”。
--- Might May I
smoke in this room?
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can
't
--- No, you mustn ' t.
---
MayMight I take this book out of the room?
8
--- Yes, you can. (No, you
can ' t mustn ' t. ) 用 May I...
？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而
用
2. 用于祈使句，表示祝愿。
May
you succeed!
3. 表示推测、可能性(不用于疑问句)。
might
不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比 may 小。
1． He may might be very
busy now.
2． Your mother may might not know
the truth.
三、 must, have to
1. 表示必须、必要。
You must come in time.
在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn'(禁止，不准)，而用needn' t,
don ' t
have to (不必).
--- Must we hand
in our exercise books today?
--- Yes, you
must.
--- No, you don ' t have to you needn
' t.
2. must是说话人的主观看法， 而have
to则强调客观需要。must只有一般现在时，have
to 有更多的时态形式。
1)
2)
he play isn ' t interesting, I really
must go now.
I had to work when I was your
age.
Can I... ？在口语中更常见。
3.
表示推测、可能性(只用于肯定的陈述句)
1)
2)
You' re Tom'
s good friend, so you must know what he likes
best.
Your mother must be waiting for you now.
四、 need
1. need 作情态动词用时 , 常用于疑问句、 否定句。
在肯定句中一般用 must, have to, ought
to, should 代替。
1)
2)
You needn' t come so early.
--- Need I finish the work today?
t.
need后面只能接带to的不定式。
--- Yes, you must.
No, you needn
2. need作实义动词用时， 有人称、时态和数的变化。而
He needs to finish his homework today.
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五、 shall, should
1. shall
用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。 What shall we do this evening?
2. shall 用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。
1）
.You shall fail if you don
'
t work 警告d-X
2） He shall have the book when I finish it.（
允诺 ）
3） He shall be punished.（威胁
）
六、
will, would
1. 表示请求、建议等， would 更委婉。
Will
Would you pass me the ball, please?
2 .
.表示意志、愿望和决心。
1 ） . I will never do that again.
2. ） They asked him if he would go abroad.
3. would 表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。 would 表示过去习惯时比
没有
“现已无此习惯 ”的含义。
1 ） . During the vacation,
he would visit me every other day.
2） . The
wound would not heal.
七、 should
1. should
表示 “应该 ”
1 ） . I should help her because she
is in trouble.
2. 表示推测should
,（客观推测
），
must（主观推测
）
。
1） .He
must be home by now. （断定他已到家 ）
2） He ought
toshould be home by now.（ 不太肯定 ）
3） This is
where the oil must be.（ 直爽 ）
4） This is where
the oil ought toshould be.（ 含蓄 ） 练习题
10
used to 正式，且
（ ）1. —
May I ask you some questions
，
Dr. Wang?
11
A. You ' re welcome.
C. No, I ' m busy.
(
)2. — Must I
take part in the activity?
( )7. — May I use
your dictionary, Lily?
— Sure, ______ .
—
No, you ______ . You
B. Sure, go ahead.
D. Yes, you must.
t
D. that
'
s all right
C. you can
re too young.
Yoouuldslhook after yourself.
C. can
't
(
B. don
't
A.
mustn
't
)3.
May I watch
TV, Mom?
—
D. don ' t have to
I
'
m afraid you _______ .
(
—
A.
should not B. can
't
C. must not
)4.
Must we keep the
window ____ __ all the time?
— No, you don '
t htaov.e
D. may not
A. opening
B. opened
C. to open
D. open
(
)5.
—
Must I take the
medicine every day?
—
No, you ___
A. must
B. mustn
't
C. needn
't
D. can
't
( )6. My mother is
ill. I _________ stay at home to take care of
her.
A. can B. may
A. go ahead
C. have
to D. maybe
B. you can ask Bill
反身代词用法归纳
一、反身代词的基本形式
反身代词是 oneself
根据所指词的人称、性别、单复数等的变化可以有 myself, himself, herself,
yourself, itself, ourselves, yourselves,
themselves 等形式。
二、 oneself 与 himself
当 one
指人时，其相应的反身代词通常用 oneself, 在美国英语中也可用 himself ：
One should not praise oneself [himself].
一个人不应该自吹自擂。
三、反身代词的句法功能：
1.
气，紧放在被修饰名词后
The box itself is not so
heavy. 箱子本身并不重。
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用作同位语
（
加强被修饰词的语
，
或句末:
Marti n himself atte nded the sick
ma n. 马丁亲自照顾病人。
2.
用作宾语
（
动词或介词的宾语
）
：
Take good care
of yourself. 照顾好自己。
She could not make herself
understood.她不能使别人听懂她的话。
The child cried
himself to sleep.孩子哭着哭着睡着了。
3. 用作表语
The
poor boy was myself.那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。
The ones who
really want it are ourselves. 真正想要它的是我们自己。
代词列表
人称代词
主格
I
we
you
人称代词
宾格
me
us
you
形容词性
物主代词
my
our
your
名词性
物主代词
mi ne
ours
yours
myself
ourselves
yourself
yourselves
she
he
it
they
主格做主语
her
him
it
them
宾格做宾语
放在动词介词
不可单独用
后
反身代词
her
his
its
their
放在名词前
hers
his
its
theirs
替代形代+名词
herself
himself
itself
themselves
by后接
不可与名词连
用
反身代词
( )1. — He plays basketball so
well! Who taught ______ ?
—He lear nt it by
_____ .
13
A. him; him
B. himself; himself C. him; himself D.
himself; him
要求四会的单词
名词
体育运动
team
match
football tennis baseball
skating rowing
cycling basketball soccer
人物或称谓类
person
player musician
scientist pilot
policeman
policewoman
postman
fisherman
hero
grandfather
grandmother
grandparents
物品类
basket
cup paper gold
brush ring
处所类
grass theatretheater
museum
factory
身体健康类
body health
toothache
headache fever
cough
stomachache illness
medicine
heart
食品饮料类
coffee tea candy
fruit
sugar
sandwich
tomato+es potato+es salt watermelon
strawberry beef biscuit meal
时间类
age century
weekend
文化信息类
information
website Internet
dictionary
knowledge
message passage
culture
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record
其他
shower fact care advice(a piece of advice)
news
article smoke risk question habit
war
introduction note smile peace
south middle
taxi answer litter
line phone example
skill
point chance suggestion mind side
dream future friendship jump part
形容词或副词
weak<--> strong least <--> most
popular
jt
unpopular
healthy
=fit <--> ill
fat
j
T
thin
dirty
jt
clean
useful
J
useless
dark
J
bright hungry
jt
full
dead <--> alive cheap <--> expensive=dear
true
jt
false
correct
j
^wrong
possible
j t
impossible
quite
exciting
tiredtiring
certainly badly really
finally even
famous mad angry
main
enough terrible
serious still
funny
modern necessary
动词：
win cheer row join skate cycle
dream
grow spend
jump relax
leave
kick pass throw
fight
enjoypractice finish mind +doing
sth.
advise
kill
invent
become
follow
hold score
point hit hear
ring
stand
record
suggest lift boil brush
lie cry care
check worry
cause
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pity
world
voice score
excited
successful
active
feel break
smoke
against
table tennis
ice cream
taste force
risk
介词
build happen
through
without
词组荟萃
off except
名词词组
the day after tomorrow
potato chips first aid
day and night
relay race
动词词组
cheer...on
grow up be good for
be good at=do
well in <--> dobadly in
take part in
leave for fall ill give sb. a hand
be angry with
do one ' s best=try one ' s
best
come into being
stand for
have a cold
worry about
go ahead
build sb. up
介词词组及其他
for example
in the future
keep fit
shout at sb.
talk about
lie down
take care of
at least in fact
as...as possible
on the other hand all
over
instead of at first
课本中出现的词组或搭配归纳
be able to be sure
be interested in see sb. dodoing sth
join the school rowing team
join sb spend
... doing sth
the high jump the long
jump turn ... into... make
all over
the world
. +adj.
play against
the most popular sports
hundreds of years make
friends
with sb. look get
wellbetter
help sb. do sth
have fun
stop sb
from doing sth. the
boys ' -8m0e0ter race
such asfor example
lots of = a lot of
next time
win the first place
take one
's advice
takehave a bath
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take
medicine havetake a rest
feel like doing sth.
go up
nothing
serious
fall dow n
have a good rest do
mornin geye exercises
give up
show sb.
sth.= show sth. to sb.
重句大本营
1. — What are
you going to do?
—I m going to play
basketball.
2. — Would you like to come and
cheer us on?
—Sure, I ' d love to.
go out
stay up
tellask sb to do sth.
too much
3. — Which sport do you prefer, swim ming or
row ing?
—I prefer row ing.
4. — Are you
going to joi n the school rowi ng team?
—Yes,
I am. No, I ' m not.
5. — What' s your
favorite sport, ______ ?
—Basketball, of
course.
6. — Who s your favorite player?
—LeBr on James.
7. — What are you going to
be whe n you grow up?
—I ' m going to be a
scientist.
8. — Why do you like play ing
soccer?
——Because it makes him strongand it '
s popular all over the world.
9. — ______ ,
could you help me(
二
give me a hand),
please?
—Sure.
10. — Will you join us?
—I ' d be glad to.
11. — Would you mind
teaching me?
—Not at all. You can do it!
12. — Would you min d not putting your bike
here?
17
—Sorry. I ' II
puomewhere else.
13. — ______ , I am sorry for
what I said.宾语从句)
—It ' s nothing.
14. —
Will you take part in the school sports meet?
—Of course I will.
15. — Which sport will
you take part in?
—The boys ' 80€feter race.
16. — Hello, is _____ in ?
—Speak ing.
17. — What shall we take?
—We ll take our
sports clothes and sports shoes.
18. — Shall I
take my camera?
—Good idea! It ' ll be fun
19. — When shall we meet?
—Let ' make it
half past six.
20. — Where shall we meet?
—At my house.
21. — Hello, _______ ! You
don' t look well. What ' s wrong withybat' s the
matter with you?=What is the matter with you?
—I have a
toothachebackachestomachacheheadachefever.(l have
the flu.)
22. — I hope you ' ll get well soon.
—Thank you.
23. — How long have you been
like this?
—Two two days.
24. — You'd
better take some medicine.
—I thi nk I will.
25. — How are you feeli ng today?
18
—Not too bad.
26. — Staying up
late is bad for your health.
—Right! I must
have a good rest.
27. ——May I ask you some
questi ons. Dr. Li?
—Sure, go ahead.
28. —
Must we go to see a doctor at once whe n we have
the flu?
—Yes, we , we needn ' t.(we don ' t
have to).
29. — Could I speak to Dr. Li Yupi
ng?
30. — I ' m afraid he is busy right now.
—Can I leave a message ?
—Sure, go ahead.
其他重要句型
1. She spends half an hour
exercising in the gym every day.
2. There is
going to be a school sports meet next weekend.
3. They are leaving for Japan the day after
tomorrow.
4. Basketball is one of the most
popular sports in the United States and other
parts
of the world.
5. It ' s important
for you and the other playter^lay as a team.
6. With hundreds of years ' htj^aoyi,e of the
most popular sports in England.
7. The Summer
Olympics and Win ter Olympics _are both held every
four years.
8. You' d bettertay in bed and not
move your left leg too much.
9. Follow the
doctor ' s advice, and you ' ll get well soon.=lf
you follow the doctor advice,
you ' ll get
well soon.
10. Be careful not to eat too much
salt or sugar.
11. But his mother made him
taste it.
12. They must give up smoking as
soon as possible.
13. Playing sports can also
help you keep fit.
19