(完整版)初中英语一般将来时专项语法讲解
台式电脑组装教程-电影时尚女魔头
一般将来时主要构成形式
一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作，事情
或存在的状态，也
表示将来经常或反复发生的动作或事情。
1）willshall+动词原形 shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will
在
陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。will not=won't shall
not=shan't例如：
Which paragraph shall I
read first？ 我先读哪一段呢？
Will you be at home at
seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗？
2） be going to
+不定式，表示将来。
a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。例如：What are you
going to do tomor
row? 明天打算作什么呢？
b.
计划，安排要发生的事。例如：The play is going to be produced
next month。这出戏下月开播。
c. 有迹象要发生的事。例如：Look
at the dark clouds, there is going
to be a
storm. 看那乌云，快要下雨了。
3） be
+不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如：
We are to discuss
the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报
告。
4） be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。例如：
He is about
to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。
注意：be about
to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来
时的时间状语连用。
Notice:be to和be going to
be to
表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主观的打
算或计划。例如：
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I am to play football tomorrow
afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。（客观
安排）
I'm going to
play football tomorrow afternoon.
明天下午我想去踢球。
（主观安排）
5.现在进行时表将来时
下列动词的现在进行时表示将来时
and so on.
she is
leaving for Wuhan tomorrow.
6.一般现在时表将来
1）下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin,
return的一般现在时
可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如：
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.
火车明天上午六点开。
When does the bus star? It stars
in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开？
十分钟后。
2）以here,
there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。例如：
Here comes the
bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。
There goes
the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。
3）在时间或条件句中。例如：
When Bill comes （不是will
come）, ask him to wait for me. 比尔来
后，让他等我。I'll
write to you as soon as I arrive there.
我到了那里，就
写信给你。
4）在动词hope, take care that,
make sure that等的宾语从句中。例
如：
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I hope they have a nice time next week.
我希望他们下星期玩得开
心。
Make sure that the windows
are closed before you leave the room.
离开房间前，务必把窗户关了。
be going to和will 的区别
be going to和will
的用法虽然都表示将来发生动作或情况，一般情况下能互
换。但它们的用法是有区别的。
（1）be going to主要用于：
1、表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做的事情。E.g.
What are you
going to do today? 今天你们打算做什么？
Dad and I
are going to watch an opera this afternoon.
今天下午我和爸爸打
算去看歌剧。
I’m going to play the
violin. 我打算拉小提琴。
She’s going to play the
piano. 她打算弹钢琴。
2、表示根据目前某种迹象判断，某事非常有可能发生。E.g.
Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going
to rain. 瞧！乌云密集，天要下
雨。
I am afraid I am
going to have a cold. 恐怕我要患重感冒。
(2)
will主要用于在以下几个方面：
1、表示单纯的未来“将要”通用各个人称。eg:
They will go to visit the factory tomorrow.
明天他们将去工厂参观。
I’ll come with Wang Bing, Liu Tao
and Yang Ling. 我将和王兵、刘涛、杨玲一起
来。
2、表示不以人的意志为转移的自然发展的未来的事。eg:
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Today is Saturday. Tomorrow will be
Sunday. 今天是星期六。明天是（将）
是星期日。
He will be
thirty years old this time next year.
明年这个时候他就（将）三十岁。
3、问对方是否愿意做某事或表示客气地邀请或命令。eg:
Will you please
turn on the radio? 请打开收音机好吗？
Will you go to
the zoo with me? 你和我一起去动物园好吗？
一般将来是特殊用法：
1) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。
We are to
talk about the report next Saturday.
2） be
about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。
He is about to leave
for Beijing.
注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow,
next week 等表示明确将来时的时间
状语连用。
3）有些表趋向性的动词可用想在
进行时表将来：例如：go，come，arrive，
fly(飞往)，reach（到达），sta
y，leave，start, die...
如：I’m going to go to the
zoo this weenend.= I’m going to the zoo this
weenend.
He’s going to leave for Paris.=
He’s leaving for Paris.
The old man is
dying.=The old man will die. 这个老人要去世。
练习题
1. What time _____we meet at the gate
tomorrow?
A will B shall C do D
are
2. He will have a holiday as soon as he
_____the work next week.
A finishes B
doesn’t finish C will finish D won’t finish
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3. There _____some showers this
afternoon.
A will be B will have C is
going to be D are going to have
4. It
____my brother’s birthday tomorrow. She _____a
party.
A is going to be; will have B will
be; is having
C will be; is going to have D
will have; is going to be
5. Li Ming is 10
years old now, next year he _____11.
A is
B is going to be C will be D will to be
（二）、 填空
1. -“I need some paper.”
- “I
____(bring)some for you.”
2.____(be)you free
tomorrow?
3. They _________(not leave) until
you come back.
4. _____we_____(go) to the
party together this afternoon?
5. They want
to know when the meeting _____start.
6. I
_____(go) with you if I have time.
7. Hurry
up! Or we ______(be) late.
____you
_______(do) tomorrow afternoon?
9. Jenny
____ _____ (do) an experiment the day after
tomorrow.
10. If she isn’t free tomorrow,
she _______(not take) part in the party.
三、
There be结构的一般将来时易出错
例：There_________ a
basketball match this afternoon. (B)
A is
going to be B is going to have
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C are going to be D are going to
have
四、 be going to结构中易丢掉to
例：I’m
going _______(go) school by bike tomorrow. (C)
A to will go B to go to C go to D
to go
if条件句
【知识要点】
定义：常见的if条件状语从句表示在
某条件下，某事很可能发生，条件是可能存
在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。
E.g. If you ask him，he will help you．
如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。
E.g. If you fail in the
exam，you will let him down．
如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。
E.g. If you have finished the homework， you
can go home．
如果你作业做完了就可以回家了。
另外，if从句还表示不可
实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟
的条件或假设。从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时
，表示对现在或过去的一种假
设。
I were you，I would invite
him to the party．
如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。
E.g.I
would have arrived much earlier if I had not been
caught in the traffic．
要不是交通堵塞，我本会来得早一些。
另外你还要注意if 条件句的时态搭配
1．if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时
E.g. If he runs he’ll get there in time.
如果他用跑的，他就会及时赶到那儿。
E.g. The cat will
scratch you if you pull her tail.
如果你拉猫的尾巴，它就会抓你。
2．if从句用一般现在时，主句用maymightcan
E.g. If the
fog gets thicker the plane maymight be diverted.
如果雾在大一些，飞机可能就会改在别的机场降落。
E.g. If it stops
snowing we can go out.
如果雪停了，我们就可以出去。
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3．if从句用一般现在时，主句用mustshould
E.g. If
you want to lose weight you mustshould eat less
bread.
如果你想减肥，你必须少吃面包。
4．if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般现在时
E.g. If you heat ice
it turns to water. (也可用will turn)
如果把冰加热，它就会化成水。
5．if从句用现在进行时，主句用一般将来时
E.g. If you are looking for Peter you’ll find
him upstairs.
如果你是在找彼得，上楼就会找到他。
6．if从句用现在完成时，主句用一般将来时
E.g. If you have
finished dinner I’ll ask the waiter for the bill.
如果你吃完了，我就叫服务生来算账
注意 ：
学习引导的条件状语从句的用法,现在总结一下:
if
条件句不一般,几个要点记心间;
条件句,放在前,逗号要放句中间。
条件句表可能，主句多用将来时；
条件句表事实，主句常用现在时。
在 if
引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产
生的相关的结果，主句用一般将
来时态，从句用一般现在时态。如：
E.g. We can walk there
if we can't find a bus .
E.g. If it
rains tomorrow ,we will not go to the zoo.
E.g. What will you do if you find a panda in
danger.
如果 if
条件句谈论的是重复发生和预示要发生的情景和事件，则主从句大多用
一般现在时态。
E.g. If bears are in danger ,they attack people.
在 if 引导的条件状语从句中，if 和条件句位置灵活，可直接放在主句后面，若
if
条件句放句首， 从句后面要加逗号，和主句隔开。还要注意前后时态一致原则
【经典练习】
一.单项选择
（ ）1. If you _____ to
the party, you’ll have a great time.
A.
will go B. went
C. go D. going
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（ ）2. It will be a long time ____
Peter _____ his work.
, has finished
B. after, finishes
C. when, will
finish D. before, finishes.
（ ）3.
What will father _____ us from Japan?
A. take B. bring
C. carry D. make
（ ）4.
Weifang is famous ______ kites.
A. for
B. to
C. on D.
with
（ ）5． I ____ her the answer if she
____me.
A. can tell, will ask
B. will tell, will ask
C. would tell,
ask D. will tell, asks
（ ）6. –
What are you going to do tomorrow?
--We’ll go to the library tomorrow if it ___.
A. isn’t rain B. rain
C. won’t rain D. doesn’t
rain
（ ）7.—Do you know when he will come back
tomorrow?
--Sorry, I don’t know. When
he ____ back, I’ll tell you.
A. comes
B. will come
C. come
D. may come
（ ）8. What will you do if you
_____ to the old folk’s home visit?
A.
go B. went
D. will go
（ ）9. If I eat ____ food, I’ll be
very fat.
A. too many
B. many too
C. too much
D. much too
（ ）10. I’ll give the book to him
if he ___ here next Sunday.
A. will come
B. comes
C. is coming
D. came
（ ）11. There ____an English film in
our school tomorrow.
A. is going to have
B. will have
C. is going to be
D. has
（ ）12. Could you tell us where ____？
A. will the next Olympic Games held
B. the next Olympic Games will be held
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C. would the next Olympic
Games be held
D. the next Olympic
Games would be held
二．在正确的答案下划一条线。
1. Daina ( will gogogoes) to Europe if she
(will passpasspasses) the exams .
2. The
graduates (will teachteachteaches) in the poor
village if the Ministry of
Education (will
agree agreeagrees) soon.
3. If there (will be
areis) a car accident, they (will callcallcalls)
110 for help at
once.
4. If it
(won’tdon’tdoesn’t isn’t) rainy, we (will take
taketakes) walk outside.
5. If a UFO (will
landlandlands) in front of me, I (will gogogoes)
in to look for the
alien.
6. If he (will
havehavehas) money, he (will bulidbuildbuilds) a
science lab.
’t wait for me if I (am will be)
late.
(won’tdon’t) go to the beach if it
(will rainrain rains).
9. I (will call call)
you if he (will staystay stays) at home.
10.
Mr Smith (will let letlets) you know if he (will
need need needs) help.
11. (Will Do Does) he
visit the museum if he (won’t don’t doesn’t) get
tired?
12. Where (will dodoes) they live if
they (will miss miss misses) the bus?
三、用所给词的适当形式填空
you ________(feel) tired,
you _______________ (have) to have a rest.
2.
Where _______ he _________(see) the film if he
________________(have) time?
3. If there
__________(be) fewer trees, there _______________(
be) more pollution.
4. He _____________(dress)
more casually if he ________________( not work) on
weekends.
5. If Marcia _____________(live)
alone, she ___________________( keep) a pet
parrot.
6. Lana ________________( buy) a
new dress if the old one ____________(be) out of
style.
twins ______________(fight) if
they_______________(argue).
8. I
____________(have) a bake sale if I
_____________(need) money for education.
9.
Peter _____________( send) me a beautiful souvenir
if he
________________(tour) Spain.
10. If
Mr Green ___________(say) I am hard- working, my
parents _________( feel)
glad.
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11. I ____________(go) to the beach if
it________________ ( not rain) this week.
12.
__________they __________( have) a match if the
P.E. teacher
_____________(be) busy?
____(write) a letter to his grandparents if he
____(get) his report card this
week.
14.
If she ____________(get) up late, she
_____________ ( not catch) the early bus.
15.
Peter ________(major) in English if he ____(pass)
the exams in
Peking University.
【家庭作业】
she ______________(not get) home
on time, her mom will be worried.
Tom works
hard, he_____________(make) a lot of money.
I
study hard, my dream ___________(实现).
4. If
he ____________(争论)his friend, he will be very
sad.
you fight with your brother, what
_____________(发生)?
6. Call me if he
________________(回来).
7. He can make great
progress if he ____(追随，听从) my advice.
(
)8. If I find his phone number, I ______ you.
A. tell B. told C. will tell
D. have told
( )9. I __ the CDs to you if I
have time tomorrow.
A. will return B.
returned C. have returned D. return
( )10.
The students will go to the Summer Palace if it
________tomorrow.
A. won' t rain
B. isn' t raining
C. doesn' t rain
D. isn' t rain
( )11. I won’t watch the TV
play if my father ___ me do my homework.
A. let B. will let C. won’t let
D. lets
( )12. If you ___quiet, I’ll tell you
what happened.
A. will B. are
C are to be D. be
( )13. If you go to
the party, you ___ a good time.
A. would
have B. have C. will have D. had
( )14. Don’t worry. Peter will call you as
soon as he _____ London.
A. will get to
B. gets to
C. get to
D. got to
( ) doesn’t tell me when he ____.
I’ll telephone you as soon as he _____.
A. will come, comes B. will come, will
come
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C. comes, will
come D. comes, comes
( )16.-- I don’t
know if Dr. White ______ to the party next week.
– I think he will come if he ______ free.
A. comes; will come B. will come;
will be
C. comes; is D.
will come; is
( )17. I don’t know if there
____ a sports meeting next month. If they _____
it, I
must get ready for it.
A. is; will
hold
C. will be; will hold
B. will be; hold
D. will have;
hold
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