现在进行时与一般将来时的转换
张爱玲的小说-七年级英语下册教案
现在进行时与一般将来时的转换
在现在进行时态中go, come, leave,
start, arrive等动词常与表示将
来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如：I am
coming, Mum! 意为我就
来，妈妈！请看：
The train is
leaving soon.
The train will leave soon.
3.宾语从句（3种）
宾语从句是英语复合句中的其中非常重要的从句之一。它是用一个句子
做另一个
句子的宾语，将这个句子叫做宾语从句。宾语从句做介词或及物动词的宾语。现
在从下
列三个方面总结归纳如下：
一，引导词
A,由that
引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say, think, wi
sh , hope,
see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等动词后。
连
词that只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中
常被省略，但在大多数情
况下还是以不省为好，特别是在笔语中。
例：I told him that he was
wrong.
l在think, believe, suppose,
expect等动词引起的宾语从句中，
有时谓语尽管是否定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think
等动词变为否定形式。
例：I don't think you are right.
(我认为你做的不对)
l在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后
面，而用it做形式宾语。
例：We think it wrong that he told a lie to
everyone (我认
为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)
B,由连词if、 whether 引导的表示是否...的宾语从句。Whether,
if
在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。
例：I don't
know ifwhether he will come tomorrow.
The
teacher asked ifwhether we had finished the
experi
ment.
l在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导
例：Everything depends on whether we have enough
money。
l宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导.
例：I don't
know whether the movie star will come or not.
l和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.
例：Whether to go there or
not hasn't been decided.
C,由wh-
引导的宾语从句。连接代词who,whom,whose, what,
which,
和连接副词when, where, why, how
等连接的宾语从句，它们在句中即有连
接从句的作用，又在句中充当句子的成分。
例：Do you know which film they are talking about?
(which
做定语)
I don't know where he lives.
(where 做地点状语)
二，宾语从句的语序，
宾语从句从句的语序必须是陈述语序，既连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分
例：I believe
that they will come soon.
He asked me
whether I was a teacher.
They wanted to know
what they can do for us.
二，宾语从句的时态。
宾语从句的时态受主句的限制，
既：主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。
主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时
态。如果从句的动作发生在主
句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。 例: 1)She says
that she is
a student.
She said that she
was a student.
2)She says that she will fly
to Japan in a week.
She said that she would
fly to Japan in a week.
3)She says that she
has finished her homework already.
She said
that she had finished her homework already.
4)She says that she can sing a song in English.
She said that she could sing a song in
English.
l如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一
般现在时态。
例：The teacher said that the earth goes round the
sun.
He told me that Japan is an island
country.
lCould you tell
me...是用来征询对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示
过去。
例：Could you
tell me when we will visit the History Muse
um?
注意事项：
u由陈述句变成宾语从句时，要注意人称的变化。
例：She said:
She said that she had been to
England before.
She asked me:
She
asked me if I liked moths.
u宾语从句与简单句的交换。
由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语
是同一个人时，可以用疑问词+不定式
做宾语的简单句结构。
例：I don't
know what I should do next.
I can't know
what to do next.
He didn't know where he
would live.
He didn't know where to live.
4.定语从句（以that为主）
定语从句
I. 定语从句起了形容词的作用，在
句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做
先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行
词与定语从句中间
起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。
关系词先行词从句成分例句备注
关系代词 who 人主语 Do you know
the man who is talking with yo
ur mother? whom,
which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词
提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以
用that
whom 人宾语 Mr. Smith is the person with
whom I am working
The boy (whom) she loved
died in the war..
whose 人，物定语 I like those
books whose topics are about hi
story.
The
boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate.
that 人，物主语，宾语 A plane is a machine that can
fly.
She is the pop star (that) I want to see
very much.
which 物主语，宾语 The book (which) I
gave you was worth $$10.
The picture which was
about the accident was terrible.
as
人，物主语，宾语 He is such a person as is respected by
all
of us.
This is the same pen as I lost
yesterday. as做宾语一般不省略
关系副词 when 时间时间状语 I will
never forget the day when we
met there. 可用on
which
where 地点地点状语 This is the house where I
was born. 可用in
which
why 原因原因状语 I can't
imagine the reason why he turned dow
n my
offer. 可用for which
II. that与which, who,
whom的用法区别：
情况用法说明例句
只用that的情况 1．先行词为all,
everything, anything, nothing,
little,
much,等不定代词时。
2．先行词被all, any, every, each,
much, little, no, some, fe
w等修饰时
3．先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时
4．先行词既指人又指物时
5．先行词被the only, the very修饰时
6．句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时 told me
everyth
ing that he knows.
the books that
you offered has been given out.
is the best
film that I have ever read.
talked about the
persons and things that we remembere
d.
is the only man that I want to see.
is the man that is making a speech?
只用which, who, whom的情况
1．在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which
指代物，用whowhom指人
2．在由介词+关系代词引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。
3．先行词本身是that时，关系词用which, 先行词为those, one,
he时
多用who。 He has a son, who has gone abroad
for further stud
y.
I like the person to
whom the teacher is talking.
Those who respect
others are usually respected by others.
III.
as与which的区别：
定语从句区别例句
限制性定语从句中名词前有such和the
same修饰时，关系代词用as,不能
用which He is not such a fool
as he looks.
Don't read such books as you
can't understand.
非限制性定语从句中 as和which都可以指代前面整个主
句。如果有正如，象
的含义，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引导的<
br>从句只能放主句后，并无正如的意思。 They won the game, as we
had
expected.
They won the game, which we
hadn't expected.
As is well known, he is a
famous film star in the 1980s.
IV.
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：
类别语法意义及特征例句
限制
性定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用，如果去掉，主句意思就不完整明确，
这种从句与主句的关系十分密
切，写时不用逗号分开。 The accident happ
ened at the time
when I left.
非限制性定语从句对先行词作附加的说明，与主句的关系不十分密切，较松
散。
从句和主句之间用逗号分开，相当于一个插入语，不能用that引导，关系代词
做宾语时
也不能省略。 His mother, whom he loved deeply, died
te
n years ago.
7.形容词与副词的比较级，最高级
A
特殊变化与一般变化B 用法8.动词的种类
行为、情态、联系、助动词
9.句子的成分
主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语
10.简单句5大基本句型（顺便掌握及物与不及物动词的区别）
11.动词不定式
A基本结构（to+动词原型，否定式为not to+动词原型）B用法C疑问词+不
定式
12.被动语态
A主动与被动的概念B构成C情态动词被动语态