六年级下册英语语法
波利安娜-推却的近义词
六年级第二学期英语语法知识复习资料
一、 现在进行时:
1、表示正在发生的动作。
2、构成:主语+be动词+现在分词+其它。eg:Jenny
is waking up。
3、时间词:now、listen、look ……
4、现在分词变化方法:
(1)直接加“ing”。eg:watch—watching
go—going wash—washing
comb—combing
show—showing walk—walking play—playing
do—doing read—reading fly—flying buy—buying
look—looking
sing—singing
(2)以不发音字母“e”结尾的,去“e”加“ing”。eg:like—liking
leave—leaving arrive—arriving wake—waking
come—coming
ride—riding have—having
take—taking skate—skating
注意:特殊变法:lie—lying
(3)重读闭音节,双写加“ing”。eg:hit—hitting put—putting
run—running sit—sitting skip—skipping
swim—swimming
shop—shopping get—getting
二、 一般过去时:
1、表示在过去的时间发生的事情或存在的状态。
2、构成:主语+动词过去式+其它。eg:They taught each other a
sport。
3、时间词:yesterday、last ……
动词过去式变化方法:
(一)、规则变化。
(1)直接加“ed”。eg:play—played
want—wanted watch—watched
yell—yelled
happen—happened look—looked call—called
talk—talked laugh—laughed ask—asked
walk—walked
watch—watched
(2)以不发音字母“e”结尾的,直接加“d”。eg:invite—invited
like—liked
注意:特殊变法:lie—lay
(3)以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,变“y”为“i”加“ed”。eg:
study—studied
(4)重读闭音节,双写加“ed”。eg:stop—stopped
(二)不规则变化。
eg:do—did go—went buy—bought teach—taught
think—thought
can—could amis—was are—were
win—won lose—lost
eat—ate make—made
run—ran say—said swim—swam
find——found
have—had see—saw get—got forget—forgot
(三)过去式相同:
eg:hurt—hurt hit——hit
read—read put—put cut—cut
三、 一般将来时:
1、表示将来某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
2、构成:主语+will+动词原形+其它。eg:I will invite some
friends。
3、时间词:tomorrow、next ……
四、形容词变副词:
1、直接加“ly”。eg:slow—slowly
quick—quickly sad—sadly
careful—carefully
loud—loudly quiet—quietly
2、以“y”结尾的,变“y”为“i”加“ly”。eg:easy—easily
happy—happily
五、可数名词复数的变化方法:
1、直接加“s”。eg:muscle—muscles season—seasons
cloud—clouds gift—gifts surprise—surprises
bone——bones
vegetable—vegetables
2、以“s”“x”“sh”“ch”“o”结尾的,加“es”。eg:beach—beaches
bus—buses box—boxes tomato—tomatoes
注意:少数以“o”结尾的,也加“s”。eg:zoo—zoos radio—radios
3、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,变“y”为“i”加“es”。eg:
family—families strawberry—strawberries
4、以“f”“fe”结尾的,变“f”“fe”为“ves”。eg:leaf—leaves
5、不规则变化。eg:man—men woman—women
child—children
foot—feet tooth—teeth
toothbrush—toothbrushes
6、单复数相同。eg:fish—fish
sheep—sheep deer—deer
六、反义词:
eg:teach—learn throw—catch hard—easy
heavy—light
win—lose up—down strong—weak
right—wrongleft
before—after healthy—sick
same—different good—bad
put on—take
off clean—dirty small—big cry—laugh
ask—answer high—low above—below cold—hot
new—old
cool—warm old—newyoung fast—slow
slowly—quickly
white—black expensive—cheap
dry—wet yes—no won—lost
remember—forget
smile—frown right—left
七、1、对应词:
father—mother daughter—son south—north
east—west boy—girl
sister—brother
grandpa—grandma morning—evening man—woman
2、同义词:
airplane—plane bike—bicycle
grandpa—grandfather like—love
grandmother—grandma soccer—football
fall—autumn fast—quick
hear—listen
3、同音词:
hour—our right—write weak—week four—fall
sun—son
two—too know—no
4、how much多少元
how old多少岁 how long多长 how tall多高
how many多少个
how fall多远 how often多久一次
5、时间从小到大排序:second秒—mi
nute分—hour时—day天—week
周—month月—year年
八、单三人称。不是“I”也不是“you”的一个人。
一般的单三形式:leave—leaves watch—watches fly—flies
特殊的单三形式:go—goes do—does have—has