pep5年级英语上册- 知识点整理
坚决打胜仗-断情
5年级英语上册知识点整理
Unit One My new teachers
基本短语: be like 长什么样子 例:What is
he∕she∕Mr. Liu like? 他∕她∕刘老师长什么样子?
be from 来自那里 例:Where is he∕she
from?他∕她来自哪里?
(be 动词包括:am∕is∕are)
Where are you from? 你来自哪里?
so much
很∕非常
基本句型:⒈Who is your English teacher?
谁是你的英语老师?
⒉What is he like? He is
tall and strong. 他长得怎么样?他又高又强壮。
⒊Is
she quiet?Yes,she is. ∕No,she isn’t.
她文静吗?是的,她是。∕不,她不是。
句型转换:肯定句→疑问句:例: He∕She
is smart . → Is he∕she smart ?
I am young. → Are you young?
( I 和you
是相对的,转换时注意搭配:I和am搭配,you 和are 搭配。)
Unit
Two My days of the week
基本词汇:Monday(Mon.)、Tue
sday(Tue.)、Wednesday(Wed.)、Thursday(Thu.)、Friday(F
ri.)
Saturday(Sat.)、
Sunday(Sun.)、week星期、 weekend周末
基本短语:do
homework做作业 watch TV看电视 read books看书 play
computer games玩电脑游戏
do housework做家务
基本句型:⒈What day is it today? It is Mon. .
今天是星期几?星期一。
⒉What do you have on
Thursdays ? 星期四你有什么课?
⒊We have
English,science and math on Thursdays
.我们有英语、科学和数学课。
⒋What do you do on
Saturdays ? 你星期六干什么?
⒌I often do my
homework on Sundays. 我星期天经常做作业。
⒍What about you? 你呢?
⒎I like
Sundays. 我喜欢星期天。 (星期后面+s表示泛指所有的那一个星期几)
知识延伸:⑴在英语国家中,一个星期的第一天是Sunday. 例:The first day
of a week is Sunday.
第一first、
第二second、 第三third、
⑵问一周有多少天时,可以说:How many days are there in a
week? 回答:There are 7. 7天。
问周末天数时,可以说:How many days are there in a weekend?
回答:There are 2. 2天。
⑶当介词in、at、on 后面跟表示时间的词语时:
①用in:表示某年∕某月: in 2012 在2012年。 in September
在九月。
表示在早上、下午、晚上:in the
morning∕afternoon∕evening
③用at:表示在几点几分:at 5:30 5点半 at 9 o’clock
9点正
④用on:表示在星期几: on Monday 在星期一
⑷动词的第三人称单数形式的使用: 例:I like
Mondays,John likes Tuesdays.
在这句话里,I属于第一人称,所以用动词原形like;
但是John属于第三人称,用动词的第三人称单数形式likes。
Unit Three What is your favourite
food?
基本短语: would like 想要 后面+食物名词。
例:I would like some eggs. 我想吃些鸡蛋。
want to 想要
后面+动作、动词。 例:I want to play computer . 我想玩电脑。
have to 不得不 同义词:must(必须) 例:I
have to eat vegetable. 我必须吃蔬菜。
have....for…
三餐吃…. 例:I have some fish for lunch. 我午餐吃了些鱼。
基本句型:⒈What would you like for lunch? I
would like some tomatoes. 你午餐想吃什么?想吃土豆。
⒉What do you have for lunch on Mondays ?We have
eggplant. 你们周一午餐吃什么?茄子。
⒊What is
your favourite food∕fruit? 你最喜欢的食物∕水果是什么?
⒋I like fruit . But I don’t like grapes.
我喜欢水果,但我不喜欢葡萄。
⒌ I like fish . It
is tasty. 我喜欢鱼。它很美味。
I like
apples. They are sweet. 我喜欢苹果。它们是甜的。
(fish是不可数名词,用单数形式 It is ; apples是可数名词,用复数形式 They
are )
知识延伸:⑴ like 后面可+ 可数名词,如apples;
可+不可数名词,如fish。
⑵ do + not
(缩写为:don’t)表示否定;用于第一人称、第二人称和第三人称双数。
does +
not (缩写为:doesn’t)表示否定,用于第三人称单数。
例: I don’t
like apples. He doesn’t like bananas.
⑶下列单词的形容词形式:
salt(盐)― salty(咸的)
health(健康)― healthy(健康的)
taste(品尝)―
tasty(好吃的)
⑷表示许多、一些的
some、any、many在句子中的使用:
①some
用于肯定句: I have some potatoes. 我吃了些土豆
用于疑问句,表请求、邀请、语气委婉: Can I drink some
juice?我可以喝些果汁吗?
②any 用于否定句: I
don’t have any pens. 我没有笔。
用于疑问句: Do you have
any books?你有一些书吗?
③many
用于肯定句,后面+可数名词: There are many books on the desk
.桌上有许多书。
用于疑问句,与how搭配: How
many books do you have?你有多少本书?
【PS:some、any后面+可数名词复数、不可数名词】
Unit
Four What can you do?
基本短语: be helpful 有帮助的
例:He is helpful at home.
be ill
生病了 例: I am ill. 我生病了。
基本句型:⒈
What can you do? 你会做什么?
肯定回答:I can…. 否定回答:No,I can’t…..
问其他人时,把句中的you换成he∕she∕人名:What can he∕she∕Lucy do?
肯定回答:He∕She can . . . .
否定回答:He∕She can’t . . .
⒉ Can
you make the bed? 你会铺床吗?
肯定回答:Yes,I can . 否定回答:No,I can’t.
问其他人时,把句中的you换成he∕she∕人名:Can he∕she∕John make the
bed?
肯定回答:Yes,he∕she can .
否定回答:No,he∕she can’t.
⒊ I’d like to
have a try. 我想要尝试一下。 (I’d like = I would like )
would like +名词(表示我想要某物): I would like some
fish. 我想吃些鱼。
would like +
to+动词原形(表示我想要做某事): I would like to play computer.
我想玩电脑。
知识延伸:⑴ help(形容词形式):helpful
helpful(动词形式):help
Unit Five My new
room
基本句型:⒈ There be 句型,也称为存在句,表示在某地有某物
①There is + 可数名词单数、不可数名词: There is a closet in my
room. 我的房间里有个衣橱。
②There are +
可数名词复数: There are two pictures on the wall.
墙上有两幅画。
③就近主语原则:当列举几种物体的时候列举的第一种物体:
是单数时用there
is,如:There is a bed,a mirror and two end tables .
是复数时用there are,如:There are two end tables,a
bed and a mirror.
⒉ Where is
the trash bin? It’s near the table.
垃圾桶在哪里?在桌子附近。
Unit Six In a nature
park
基本句型: There be句型的疑问句:
⒈ Is there a
river in the park? 公园里有一条小河吗?
肯定回答:Yes,there is . 否定回答:No,there isn’t .
⒉ Are there any bridges in your
village?你的村庄里有很多桥吗?
肯定回答:Yes,there are. 否定回答:No,there aren’t .
知识延伸: ⑴ There be 句型的否定句
There is + not +名词 :There isn’t any fish in the
river . 河里没有鱼
There are + not
+名词 :There aren’t any birds on the tree. 树上没有鸟。
关于“位置”的一些介词:
介词
in
on
near
over
under
behind
between
in front of
意思
在„里面
例子
There is a pen in the pencil-
case. 笔盒里面有一支笔
在„上面(接触物体) There is a book on
the desk. 桌子上面有一本书
在„旁边 There is a trash bin
near the table. 垃圾桶在桌子旁边
在„上面(离开物体) There is a
picture over the bed. 一张照片在床的上面
在„下面
在„后面
在„中间
在„前面
There is a ruler under the
chair.椅子下面有一把尺子
There is a tree behind the
house. 房子后面有棵树
There is a cup between the book
and the pen. 书、笔中间有杯子
There is a pool in front
of the house. 房子前面有泳池
关于“时间”的一些介词:
表示年份:in 2012 在2012年
表示月份:in September
在九月
表示上、下午,晚上:in the morning∕afternoon∕evening
in
on
at
表示在星期几:on Monday
表示在某天:on 4
th
,September 在9月4日
表示在几点几分:at 6:30 在六点半 或 at 9o’clock 在九点正
表示晚上: at night
单复数变换:(单数→复数):
可数名词
普通名词: 直接在名词后+ s:如,book → books
特殊名词: tomato→tomatoes potato→potatoes
photo→photos is∕am→are
不可数名词 例:people、
fish、pork、eggplant、mutton、tofu、water、food、grass草、
(单复数一致)
动词原形→第三人称单数形式:
普通形式
特殊形式
直接在动词后+ s: 如, like→likes、
read→reads、 play→plays
have → has do → does
watch → watches
全写与缩写:
I am = I’m
they are = they’re
you are = you’re
I
would = I’d
he is = he’s
let us = let’s
are not = aren’t
there are = there’re
she is = she’s
what is = what’s
do not
= don’t
it is = it’s
who is = who’s
does not = doesn’t
where is = where’s
is not = isn’t
can not = can’t there is =
there’s
主格、宾格、名词所有格的转换:
单数∕主格
复数
宾格
名词所有格(单数)
名词所有格(复数)
第一人称
I 我
we我们
me我
my我的
our我们的
第二人称
you你
you你们
you你
your你的
your你们的
he 他
they他们
him 他
his
他的
their他们的
第三人称
she 她
they她们
her 她
her 她的
their她们的
it 它
they它们
It 它
its 它的
their它们的
肯定句→否定句:
am + not
is + not
are + not
can + not
do not (don’t)
does not (doesn’t)
I am a student. → I am
not a student.
He∕She is strict. → He ∕She is
not strict.
They are sweet. → They are not
sweet.
I can do the housework. → I can not
do the housework.
I like fish. → I don’t like
fish.
He ∕She likes grapes. → He∕She doesn’t
like grapes.
肯定句→疑问句
It is 句型
Be动词 句型
It is Monday. → Is it Monday?
第一人称:I am tall. → Are you tall.
第二人称:You
are helpful. → Are you helpful?
第三人称单数:He∕She
∕John is tall and thin. → Is he ∕she ∕John tall
and thin?
第三人称复数:They are helpful. → Are they
helpful?
助动词do句型
情态动词
can句型
There
be句型
第一人称:I like apples. → Do you like
apples?
第三人称单数: He∕She ∕John likes apples. →
Does he∕she∕John like apples?
第一人称:I can do
the dishes. → Can you do the dishes?
第三人称:He∕She∕John can set the table. → Can
he∕she∕John set the table?
单数:There is a
mirror in my room. → Is there a mirror in your
room?
复数:There are two books in the shelf. →
Are there two books in the shelf?
划线提问:
Unit 1
Miss Liu is my new teacher. →
Who is your new teacher?
He is tall and thin.
→ What is he like?
Unit 2
It is Monday.
→ What day is it?
We have English and math.
→ What do you have?
I do my homework on
Sundays. → What do you do on Sundays?
Unit 3
I’d like some eggplant. →
What would you like?
I have fish and rice for
lunch. → What do you have for lunch?
I
like dumplings. → What is your
favourite food?
Unit 4
Unit 5
I can
cook the meals. → What can you do?
There is a bed in my room. → What is
in your room?
The trash bin is near the table.
→ Where is the trash bin?
Unit 6
There is a river in the park. → What
is in the park?