五年级上册英语跟读
改签的票能退吗-成人高考作文范文
英语音标发音规律
by Hourry
2020.10.04
一、用胸腔辅助送力---—口腔后部发声法”背诵念读26个英文字母，感觉
学习标准发音，直到感觉音
准，流利，升降调式自如为止。
印刷体：大写 A
B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
小写 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p
q r s t u v w x y z
手写体倾斜：（注意四线格占格要求）
先观察以上字母的读音，然后，把含有共同元音因素的字母进行分类：
(1) [ei]
___ [ ] ___ [ ] ___ [ ] ___ [
]
(2) [i:] ___ [ ] ___ [ ] ___ [ ]
___ [ ] ___ [ ] ___ [ ] ___ [ ] ___ [
] ___ [ ]
(3) [ai] ___ [ ] ___ [ ]
(4) [ju] ___ [ ] (5) [u:] ___ [ ] ___
[ ] ___ [
(6) [e] ___ [ ] ___ [
] ___ [ ] ___ [ ] ___ [ ] ___ [ ] (7)
[ou] ___ [ ] (8) [a:] ___ [
英语国际音标表（48个）
元音（20个）
长元音 ɑ: ɔ: ɜ:
i: U:
短元音 ʌ ɒ ə i ʊ e æ
ei ai ɔi iə
双元音 eə ʊə əʊ aʊ
辅音（28个）
轻辅音 p t k f θ s ʃ
ts tʃ tr
浊辅音 b d g v ð z ʒ dz dʒ
dr
轻辅音 h 鼻音m n ŋ 浊辅 r 半元音
j w
边音 ǀ (有两种读音)在词头或元音前读 ǀ ， 在词尾le读ɬ
二
填空:
3
]
]
1.英语共有_______个音标。
2.音标分为______音和______音两大类。
3.元音有________个，分为_____元音和_____元音。
4.辅音有________个，按声带振动情况分为____辅音和____辅音。
三、英语拼音怎么来拼读：(也就是单词的音标怎么读,大多数与我们汉语拼音很相似)
（拼读规则：以元音为中心划分音节，按音节来拼读。）
拼读总口诀：元音为中心，
划分音节、按音节拼读；重读开音节读长音或字母本音，轻闭音节读短音。
例子：he[hi:], name [neim],
table[
'
teibl], bicycle[
'
baisikl],
teacher[
'
ti:tə], red, cap,bit, not,
basket, but.
四、音节、音节的结构和类型、音节划分、音节重音和拼读：
1.音节:
就是英文单词字母(或发音)的排列单位，一个单位算一节。
2.音节的结构、类型：
开音节: 分为2种，绝对开音节和相对开音节。不发音的e结尾的叫绝对开音节。如
make，nose；(在绝
对开音节中，元音字母a,e,i,o,u发字母本音，但u
在blue,true, ruler也可发
U:
)。以发音
的元音结尾的叫相对开音节。如 he, she.
闭音节：以辅音结尾的是闭音节。5个元音字母在闭音节中发：a发
æ
,e发
e
,i发
i
,o发
ɒ
,u发
ʊ。
开音节(词) ：[以元音结尾] a, tea, by, day, no, boy, buy,
grey, ba*by,ru*ler, fa*ther, she,
we
闭音节(词)：bas*ket, bag, cap, class, rain,
tired, bed, red, yes, egg, sit, it， begin(开始)
r音节：元音字母(a, e, I, o, u) +
r构成的独立的音节，也可以前后加辅音字母共同构成音节。例如：
far(远的), arm, er
(嗯~), her, tea*cher, ru*ler, girl, for(为了), short,
fur(毛皮), turn。
成音节：辅音字母(有时跟不发音弱化音的元音字母) + l,
m, n, (常常带有不发音的e)算作一个音节。
例如：la•bel(标签),
pu•pil, pen•cil [sl], ta•ble, bi•cy•cle, li•tle
[tl], peo•ple,
3.划分音节口诀：
音节常按元音划分，一个元音一个音节。辅音一起要两边站，前分一个后分一个。
看例子：学会一眼识破音节数目，运用语音规则，做到见字读音。
闭音节：pen
[pen], bas*ket [`bą:skit], green [gri:n], book
[buk],and [æ nd]
开音节: he [hi:], tea [ti:],
tea•cher [`ti:tə], Ju•ly [`ju(:)lai], ru•ler
[`ru:l ə],
成音节： ta•ble [`teibl], ap•ple [pl],
bot•tle [tl], mid•dle [dl], bi•cy•cle [‘baisikl],
3
pen•cil [sl],se•ven
[`sevn], e•le•ven [i’levn],
五、英文字母和常见字母组合的发音规则（或一般规律）：
总口诀：元音字母音多变，熟记规则也不难。辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。
字母组合固定音，千锤百炼习语感。遇见生词找规律，划分音节顺口连，
元音字母在中间，辅音字母两边站，字母组合算一个，熟能生巧难变简。
辅音字母发音小口诀：辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。
b发[b],
例如：blue, lab , table 但在词尾的mb，b不发音。如：climb，tomb,
comb
c发[k], ci(y) ce多发[s]; 例词：class, picture,
actor, pencil, bicycle, nice
d发[d], f [f],
如：Sandy, dog, red, fly, coffee,
g发[g] , gedge
发[d3]; 如：green, egg, orange, page, fridge
h
[h] 如：her, here, his,
j发[d3], k 和l [k]
[l] 可分连; jeep, Japan, book, look, blue, Klan
class
m 发[m], 如：meet, am, climb
n [n],
如：no, green, 但 nkng读[ŋ , 如:thank, long, English,
(ng在词中读 ŋg )p [p], q [kw],
r在元音前发[r]： pen,
cap, quickly, Crisp,
s 最多[s]和[z], 趋唇 [ʒ]也常见;
sir, this, sit, is, his, whose, please, [ʒ
]：pleasure usually ，sure[ʃ],
x
发音剪头端，[ks]多于[gz]面； six, pencil-box, excuse,
exercise; exam, (后接重读元音)
t 发[t], v 发[v], w
辅音念[w]； teacher, it, very, voice, river, with,
swim, w ash, which, white
y --[ j ai i ]
：y头发[j]重读[ai]，轻音结尾[i] 变来. 如：your [j], yes [j],
yellow [j], young
[j], my [ai], why [ai],
type [ai], style [ai], fry [ai], cry [ai], bicycle
[i], baby [i], ready [i],
hungry [i], very
[i], thirsty [i], empty [i], busy [i], body [i],
slowly [i],
字母z，发[z]音。zoo, zero, size, puzzle,
3. 常见辅音字母组合的发音口诀： 字母组合固定音，千锤百炼习语感。组合爱发长双元(音(重
读音节))；
近似发音相变换。多个字母省略念。外来古语不规则(发音)，熟读百遍字腔圆。辅音字母
发音总口诀：
3
wh发音 [h] 和 [w],
th 常发 [
θ
] 和 [
ð
]； chtch多发 [t
ʃ
],有时发音 [k]；
sh [
ʃ
], ph [f], gh
不发或发 [f](词尾)； gedge 多发 [d3], ck 发 [k], kn 发[n];
ng 易发 [
ŋ
] [
ŋ
g], qu发音 [kw]。wr
发[r], { 动词或复数词尾s es, 多发[s][z] 和[iz];
tstes发
[ts] dsdes发[dz]}
例词：
wh发音 [h] 和 [w],
wh ---[w] which, white, what, where, when, why
[h ] whose, who, whole （在o前）
th--- 常发
[
θ
] 和 [
ð
]；th --- [
ð
]
this, that, the, they, with [
θ
] thank,
three, tooth,
forth, eleventh
chtch多发
[t
ʃ
], 有时发音 [k]；
(t)ch ---[ t
ʃ
] chicken, chair, child, sandwich, catch,
watch chase(追赶，追求),
[k] ache, headache,
chemist ， 但machine发[
ʃ
]
sh [
ʃ
] shoe, ship, sheep, fish, wash, ash. ph [
f
] photo, telephone, phrase
gh 发
[f](词尾), laugh, cough 或gh 不发音（在词中）light,
might,night
gedge 多发 [
dʒ
], orange,
page, bridge, fridge, porridge(麦片粥，稀饭)
ck 发
[k] black, kick, lock, back kn [n] knife,
know, knock, knee(膝盖), kneel(跪下),
ng 易发
[
ŋ
](词尾) sing, song, long, wing. ng发
[
ŋ
g]（词中）English, hungry
qu发音 [kw]
quick, quite(相当，十分), quiet (安静的，平静的), quarter,
require,
wr 发[r], wrong, write, wrap(包，裹),
wrist(手腕)
tstes ---[ts] two baskets
boats(两个篮子小船), ten minutes (十分钟), two gates
(两扇大门)。
3
dsdes---[dz]
two birds, two hands, English words, their beds,
their heads, three grades
双写分节不分音：miss, egg,
apple, sorry, yellow, umbrella
辅音连缀：pr
---[pr] practice, praise, pray, press, price,
proud,
pl---[pl] please, play, plane, plan,
place, plain, plenty (丰富, 大量),
br---[br]
brag(吹牛), brake (闸，刹车), brain, break, bread,
brown, brush
bl---[bl ] black, bleed,
blind, blouse, blood, blue,
cr-kr---[kr]
crab(螃蟹), cream, crop, cry,cruel(残忍的),
cl-
kl---[kl] class, clean, clear, clock, close,
click(单击n.滴答声) , club(俱乐部, 夜总会,),
gr---[gr]
grade, grass, grape, green, great,
gl---[gl]
glass, glad, globe(地球仪), glove(手套),
fr---[fr]
France, French, free, fresh (新鲜的) , friend (朋友),
fried, frog (青蛙),from(自)
fl---[fl ] flat,
flag, flood (水灾), flour (面粉),flow (流动),
flower(花),flu (流感), fly (飞)
sl---[sl] sleep
(睡眠), slim (苗条的),slip (滑倒, 失足),slogan (口号,
标语),slow(ly)(慢的地),
sm---[sm ] small (小的,
少的),smart (聪明的), smell(气味), smile (微笑),smog (烟雾),
smoke (烟)
sn---[sn ] snow, snake, snack
(吃)快餐小吃)), snail (蜗牛), sneeze (打 喷嚏)
sk---[sk] skate, skating, skirt, ski (滑雪),
skin (皮肤, 皮毛), sky (天空)
sp---[sp] space (空间,
空地, 余地),Spain (西班牙),speak (说话,发言,演讲,), spider
(蜘蛛),
st--[st]stamp (邮票),stage (舞台,戏剧), star
(星,恒星,明星),start (开始),staff (杖, 全体职员),
sw
---[sw ] sweater(厚运动衫), sweep(扫,
清扫),sweet(甜的,美好的,香的n. 糖果),swim
dw---[dw]
dwarf (矮子, 侏儒v.(使)变矮小),
tw ---[tw] two,
twelve, twelfth, twenty, twentieth,
twice([twais]adv.两次, 两倍),
thr---[
θr
]
three, throw(扔，抛，投，摔，掷，丢), through
(通过，透过〔时间〕throat (咽喉)
单词辨音: 找出与其它三个辅音发音不同的选项：
3
（ ）1. A. bags B.
says C. us D. is
（ ）2. A.
teaches B. loves C. classes D. boxes
（ ）3. A. pressed B. agreed C.
covered D. turned
（ ）4. A. ended
B. started C. carried D. lifted
（
）5. A. by B .job C. table
D. climb
（ ）6.A. climb B. care C.
contain. D. cycle
（ ）7.A. argue B.
Egypt C. huge D. cage
( ) 8. A.
whose B. when C. why D. where
( )9. A. those B. then C. thirty
D. there
二、找出与前面所给音标相同的选项：
（ ）1. w A.
whose C. who D. what
（ ）2. ĸ A.
care B. nice C. once D. twice
（ ）3. ġ A. biology B. magazine C.
page D. energy
（ ）4. įż A. makes B.
goes C. hopes D. oranges
（ ）5. ď
A. carried B. lifted C. ended D.
started
提前练一练，看看有何难-------小测试：
1). 见字读音:
写出下列单词的音标。
class [ ] this [ ] your
[ ] you [ ] here [ ]
Sandy [ ]
Crisp [ ]
2). 音义结合：写出下列读音所对应的汉语意义。
[kla:s] _____ [hi:] ______; [blu:] ______;
[sku:lb æ g] ___________;
3).根据音标写单词。
[hu:z] _____ [it] ___ [pli:z] _______ [daun]
_______ [`ru:l ə] _____ [k ʌ m] ____
元音字母及字母组合规律归类：
元音字母a e i(y) o u 的发音口诀：
元音字母音多变，熟记规则也不难。
重开音节多长音，[ei][i:][ai][
əʊ][ju:u:]来拼；重闭音节轻音短，[æ][e][i][ ɔ][ ʌ][u]
1)
e在开音节或词尾发字母e音，字母组合:ee ea ie ei ey 发[i:] ；
three tree green sheep meet beef see
seek
3
eat tea meat
leave lead teacher team speak clean please
he she me be piece receive
ceiling they
2) [i ] 字母 i（在闭音节中）
y（ny,py,ty,ry） e(de,be,re) ui
sit
picture it is list six mix fix fit pig
big build miss
many twenty happy
dictionary deny
3) [ æ ] 字母 a(在闭音节中)
bag
hand and ant happy hat bad black back glad
man
4) [e] 字母组合 ea a（在ny前） e（在闭音节中）
head bread pleasure many any
elephant sell shell lesson better bed
desk hotel yes
5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear er
or (在词中间或词头)
girl shirt skirt thirty
thirteen third bird
turn return burn
murder nurse turtle Thursday burger
learn earn earth heard term her
serve work work world early
6) [ε]
词尾字母组合er or ar ur ure 或a e i o u（在非重读音节）
teacher father sister leader remember
player speaker farmer worker
doctor actor
visitor author inventor familiar collar
dollar
Saturday pleasure picture, future
ago about around banana Canada Japan
elephant men polite holiday China together
tomorrow today lesson
7)
[a:] 字母组合 ar a(在s,n,l前)
car farm card arm
garden fast class last glass plant
aunt calm
8) [ ʌ ] 发音字母 u(在闭音节中)
o(在t,v,me前) ou(ble) ou(gh) au(gh) oo
up
supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus
brother mother love above come
become welcome does
trouble double rough
laugh blood(血) flood（洪水）
9) [ɔ: ]字母组合
al or oor ore au our ar
3
small wall talk tall hall
ball call walk calm
short more horse for
forty sport door floor store, before,
more, foresee,
author caught autumn
four court bought warm quarrel quarter
10) [ ɔ ] 字母 o（在闭音节中）） a（在w后））
hot
lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not
want wash watch 但除water 读长音[ ɔ：]
11)
[u:] 字母组合 oo（l,n,m,se前） o（词尾） ue
moon
room gloom broom doom goose tooth
shoe
do two true blue ruler prude
truth
12) [u] 字母组合 oo (k,t,d前) oul(d) u
o(w后)
look good foot book wood
除开food读u: flood,blood读 ʌ
should could
put full bull pull push woman wolf
13) [ei] 发音字母 a（在开音节中） ay ai ey ea
name cake late gate plane April
play say may way
rain paint plain
they grey hey great break 但breakfast读e
14) [ai] 发音字母I (在开音节中) y（在词尾）eye uy igh
bike fine find die nine my try
fly eye
buy, guy(伙计), right, light,
fight, might(也许, 或许; 可能), night, high
15) [au]
字母组合 ou ow
house out flour ground count
sound loud around mouse
flower down now
cow how town
16) [εu] 发音字母 o ow oa
home cold go no phone host ghost
boat coat goal goat
know low below grow
blow show flow 但除how,now au 外
17) [ ɔɪ ]
字母组合oy oi
boy toy joy oil
soil voice choice
18) [iε] 字母组合 eer ear
3
beer deer
ear near here idea
19) [ ɛə ]
([eə])字母组合 air are ear ere eir
chair
air fair care careful dare pear bear
there where their
20) [uε] [auə]字母组合our
oor ower
tour poor our hour
flower shower
21. [aiə ] 字母组合ire
如：retire(退休)， tired (累的，疲劳的), wire(金属丝, 电线),
22. [ ju:]字母u 在词头，字母组合 ew 如：use, reuse,
useful , universe, university,但un开头的读 ʌ
：
unbrella, unhappy , us, up. new,
few, hew(砍), view(景色, 风景, 观点, 见解), ewe (母羊),
单词辨音: 找出与其它三个元音发音不同的选项：
（ ）1. A. English
B. Chinese C. he D. these
（ ）2.
A. flag B. can C. bad D.
many
（ ）3. A. after B. ask C.
bag D. answer
（ ）4. A. address B.
magazine C. attend D. arrive
（ ）5.
A. torch B. born C. calculator D.
report
（ ）6.A. ring B. size C.
invention D. exist
（ ）7.A. name B.
planet C. shake D. cage
（ ）er
B. expert C. purse D. birth
( )
9.A. bread B. great C. head D.
pleasure
( ) 10. A. information B. station
C. question D. competition
二、找出与前面所给音标相同的选项：
（ ）1. ąį A.
bicycle B. lift C. unit D. traffic
（ ）2. į A. invent B. wet C. set
D. metre
（ ）3. ə: A. wonder B. founder
C. paper D. purse
（ ）4.
ɔ:
A.
what B. water D. wash
（ ）5.
ʌ
A. food B. boot C. tooth
D. blood
三、选出划线部分发音与其他三个不同的单词：
( ) (1)
A. English B. egg C. held D. friend
3
( ) (2) A. heavy
B. bread C. head D. peace
( ) (3) A.
cave B. radio C. many D. safe
(
) (4) A. love B. enough C. front D.
follow
( ) (5) A. pass B. ask C.
machine D. class
( ) (6) A. clock B.
son C. colour D. mother
( ) (7) A.
wash B. wall C. want D. what
(
) (8) A. how B. brown C. cow D.
window
( ) (9) A. full B. could
C. blue D. foot
( ) (10) A. kind
B. ring C. bicycle D. twice
( ) (11)
A. choice B. point C. toy D. obey
( ) (12) A. black B. place C.
shake D. paper
( ) (13) A. country B.
come C. would D. study
( ) (14) A.
first B. nurse C. term D. partner
( ) (15) A. nearly B. hear C.
there D. here
( ) (16) A. climb B.
build C. hide D. cry
( ) (17) A.
round B. shout C. now D. own
(
) (18) A. four B. August C. horse D.
cost
( ) (19) A. food B. good C.
foot D. book
( ) (20) A. sorry B.
course C. watch D. shop
( )21. A.
cough B. photo C. laugh D. light
(
)22. A. birthday B. thank C. they D.
think
( )23. A. killed B. stopped C.
tied D. burned
( )24. A. attended B.
worked C. hoped D. washed
( )25. A. who
B. when C. where D. what
3
( )26. A. year B. your
C. yes D. why
( )27. A. use B.
useful se D. umbrella
3