中学考试形容词副词复习与练习

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2021年01月17日 04:27
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中考形容词副词专项复习




1
。注意形容词、副词在句中的作用。

2
.比较级与最高级的构成,一些不规则变化,以及用法。

3
.掌握有关形容词与副词的一些句型及用法。

4
.形容词修饰不定代词的用法。






考点精析

一、形容词:用来说明或修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。1
、形容词的句法作用:作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。

2
、形容词在句子中的位置:


⑴作定语时放在名词的前面
。形容词修饰名词。


..........
如:
a big yellow wooden Chinese ship(
一个黄色的大型中国木船
)



★前置形容词(作定语)的顺序为:




冠词
+
描述性形容词(
pretty/ugly/kind
等)
+
表特 征形容词(大形新年色)
+
专属形容
词(国籍等)
+
材料
+
名词


⑵作表语时放在连系动词之后,构成系表结构。如:
The idea sounds great.



连系动词主要有:
be(am,
is,
are),
look(
看起来
),
sound
(听起来)
,
smell
(闻起来)

,

taste
(尝起来)
, feel
(感到,摸起来)
.

⑶作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。


如:
We must try our best to keep our environment clean.





keep/find/make/think+
宾语

+
形容词(作宾补)


⑷后置的情况:




修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。


如:
Something serious has happened to him.(
他发生了严重的事故
)
②与
表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置。


如:
He's 1.8 metres
tall.(
他身高
1.8
米。
)
The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.(
月球离

38
万公里
)
二、副词:用来说 明事情发生时间、地点、原因、方式等含义或说明其
它形容词或副词程度的词叫做副词。

1








频度副


地点
/

程度副
位副词



疑问
/
连接
方式
副词

副词


其他
副词

today,
tomorrow
,
yesterda
y, now,
then,
early,
late,
once,
soon,
just,
tonight,
long,
once, here,
very,
well
there,
too,
,
twice,

home,
below,
alway
anywhe
s,
re,
usual
ly,
often
,
enoug
h,
rathe
r,

hard
,
alon
e,
fast
,
toge
ther
,
sudd
enly
,
-ly
how,
too,
also,
quite,

above,
how,
outsid
so,
e,
in,
much,
inside
just,
,

where,
nor,
so,
when,
as,
on,of
f,
why,
eithe
r,
whether
yes,
no,
out,

already,
somet
back, up,

nearl
yet,
imes,
down,
y,
before,
only
ago,
never
away,
almos
later,
,
off,
t,
ever
far,
hardl
since
y,
after,
(seld
near,
as long
whenever
om),
nearby
as

,
,
first,
ever, wherev
even,
someday,
er
all,
sometime

everyw
a
, last,
here,
littl
e, a
bit
、副词的分类:
(
见下表
)
2
、副词在句子中的位置以及作用:


实用文案


however
not,
, etc.
neith
er
关系副词

maybe
,
结尾

的副




where,
perha
ps,
why, how
certa
inly,
when,

文案大全

★(副词可以修饰动词、形容词或副词,也可放句首修饰整个句子。





⑴作状语:




时间副词:一般 放在句首或句尾
,
注意
,early

late

before

later

yet

一般放在句尾
,already

just
一般放在动词的前面。




频度副词:
一般放在
be
动词之后或者助动词与主要动 词之间
,

sometimes

often
等还可以放在 句首或句尾
,usually
可放在句首
,once
可放在句尾
,t wice

three
times
等一般放在句尾。




方式副词:
一般放在行为动之后
,suddenly
可 以放在句首、
句尾或动词之前。
如:
Old people can

hardly walk as quickly as young people.(

年人几乎不可能走得和年轻人一样快
)

/
Suddenly
he
saw
a
light
in
the
dark
cave(
山洞
).(
突然
,
在黑黢黢的山洞里
,
他看见了一丝亮光
)


地 点副词:
一般放在句尾
,

here

there
还可放在句首。如:

There you can see
thousands of bikes
running
in all directions(
方向< br>).
(
在那里
,
你可以看到
成千上万的自行车朝各个方向流动
)
/
The
wolf
ran
away.(


frightened
到惊吓的狼逃开了
)


/ He walked out quietly and turned back
soon.(
他悄悄地走了出去
,
很快又返回
)

★⑤

程度副词:修饰动词时
,
放在动词之前;修饰形容词或副词时
,
或副词之前。但注

放在形容词


,enough

总是放在被修饰的形容词或动词的后面;
only
位置比较灵活
,


nearly
forgot
all
about
it
if
he

总是放在被修饰的词的前面。如:
I
did not tell me again.(
如果他不再次告诉我
,
我几乎把那事全忘了
)

/ It was so strange that I could hardly believe my
ears.(
它那么奇怪一直我都不能相信我的耳朵
)
/
She
got
to
the
station
early
enough
to
catch
the
first
bus

.(
她早早地赶到车站赶上了首班车
)



问 副词:用于对句子的状语进行提问
,
位置总是在句首。如:
When
and
where
were
you born?

(
你何时何地出生?
)/ Why did little Edison sit on

some eggs?

(
小爱迪生为什么要坐在鸡蛋上?
)/

How do you do?(

你好!
)


连接副词:
宾语从句和表语从句
,
在从句中作

用来引导主语从句、
状语。
How I am going to kill the cat is still a question.(
我打算怎
样杀死那只猫还是个问题
)/
That
is
why
everyone
is
afraid
of
the
tiger.(

就是人人都害怕老虎的原因
)

/ He wondered how he
could do it the next day

.(
他不知道第二天怎样做那事
)



关系副词:用来引导定语从句
,
在从句中作状语。如:
This
is
the
place
where
Mr
Zhang

once

lived.(
这就是张先生曾
经住过的地方
)/ Please tell me the way how you have learned English
so
well
.(
请告诉我你的英语是怎样学得这么好的方法
)



其它副词:
too
“也”
,
用在句尾;
also
放在动词前;
either

“也”
(用于否定句),
放在句尾;
nor
“也不”
,
放在句首;
so
“如此
,
这样


,
放在形容词、
副词前;on/off
“开
/
关”

放在动词之后;
not放在
be
之后、助动词之后、不定式或动名词之
前;
maybe/per haps
放在句首;
certainly
放在句首或动
如:
He
went

词之前。
to the Palace Museum and I went there,too.(
他去了故宫博物院
,
我也去

) / Maybe your ticket is in your inside pocket.(
也许你的票就在你
的里边衣袋里
) / --Tom doesn't have a computer.

Nor do I.
(

汤姆没有
计算机
,
我也没有。
)
(2)

作表语:地点副词一般可以作表语
,
放在
be等连系动词之后
,
说明人物所处
的位置。

如:
I'm very sorry
he
isn't
in
at
the
moment.(
很抱歉
,
他此刻不在家
)/
I
have
been
away
from
my
hometown
for
nearly
20
years.(
我离开家乡有将近
20
年了

)

/
Jim is over there.(
吉姆就在那边
) (3)< br>作定语:时间副词
(

now

then)
以及许多地点副词都可以作名词的定语
,

放在名词的后面。如:
People
now often
have
their
festival dinners

at restaurants.(
现在的人们经
常在餐馆里吃节日晚宴
)
/

Women
there
were
living
a
terrible
life
in
the 1920s.(
在二十世纪
20
年代的女人过着可怕的日子
) (4)
作宾语补足语:地点
副词一般可以作宾语补足语。如:
Put
your
dirty
socks
away,
Jim!
They
are
giving
out
bad
smell!(
吉姆
,
把你的脏袜子拿开!它们在散发着臭气。
)
/
Father
kept
him in and doing his lessons.(
父亲把他关在家里做作业
)


[
注意
]
“动词
+
副词
的宾语如果是 代词
,
则代词放在动词与副词之间,




如果宾语是名词则可以放中间,也可放后面。


如:
He wrote down the word.(
他写下了那个词。
)

He wrote it down.(

把它写了下来。
)


★类似的有:
put it/them on
take it/them off

turn it/them on/off

hand it/them in

实用文案


文案大全

三、形容词、

副词的原级、比较级和最高级

1
、分类:形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级三级。


原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

2
、规则变化
:
(1)
单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词
,
在原级的后面加上
er,est
构成比较级和最高
级。

a)
直接加
er,est

b)
以重读闭音节结尾的,
要双写最后一个辅音字母
,
后加
er,est



c)
以辅音字母
+y
结尾的
,
先把
y< br>改为
i
再加上
er,est


(2)
两个音节或两个以上的音节的
,
在原级前加
more / most.
原级

比较级

最高级

good
好的
better
更好的

best
最好的
well
好;
(
身体
)
好的
,
bad, badly
糟糕的
,
糟糕地
worse
更糟糕的
,
更糟糕地;
(
身体
)
更不舒
服的
worst
最 糟糕的
,
最糟糕地;
(
身体
)
最不舒服的

ill
(
身体
)
不舒服的

many
许多的
(
可数
)
more
更多的;更
most
最多的;最
much
许多的
(
不可数
)
;非常


little
少的
less
更少的
least
最少的

far
远的;
远地
farther
更远的;
更远地
farthest
最远的;
further
进一步的
(

)
furthest
最深刻的
(

)

3
、不规则变化
:

比较程度

表达方式和意义



































As+
原级
+as



(
像……一样
)





Art is as

interesting as
music. Play as well
as you can.



not + so (as) +
English is not so
difficult as



原级
+as
(
不如……
science.



那样
)
She does not think


swimming is as
interesting as
hiking.
Jim is older than

不同程度


比较级
+than
Luky. I like pork

(用于两者
(
比……
)
better than beef.

比较)


注意
I
don't
think

定前移句


比较级前
面可以加

much,
far,

程度加深

比较级
+and+
比较



(越来越…
The +
比较级,
the +

较级

even, still,
a lot, a
little,
a
bit


He
is
growing
taller

and taller. He
studies better and
better. The more
books
she
reads,
the
better she
understand.

4
、形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法:




(越……
,
越……)









实用文案






最高程度


(用于三者或三者以上)
The +
最高级
+of (in)
(
最……
) Spring is the best season of the
year.
Lin

Tao jumped (the) farthest of all.

文案大全

副词最高级前面的
the
往往省略



注意:有些形容词,如
dead, empty, round, sure, woolen
等受本身含义的
限制,没有比较级。

5

、形容词比较级与最高级的特殊用法举例:




His bike is newer than hers. (

见到
than
必须用比较级
)


Jim
tallest
in
our
class.(


is

the
班集

等集体内

用介词
in
来表



比较的范围
)


Jim
is
the
tallest
of
all
(the
studens). =
Of
all
the
students,
Jim is the tallest.








Jim is the
tallest of the three. (
见到

of the three
要用最高级
)


Which is bigger, a tiger or a monkey ? (
两者比用比较级
)


Which is the biggest, a tiger, a dog or a monkey ?
(三者或三
者以上比用最高级)



This ruler is short , Please give me a longer one.



I
'
d like the bigger (one) of the two cakes.
(两者中“较……”用“
the+



比较级”


Tom is two years older than I.
汤姆比我大两岁。



Tom is twice as old as I.
汤姆的年龄是我的两倍。



The number of the students in our school is bigger/larger/smaller than
yours.
我们学校的学生数目比你们学校大
/
小。
(两个数量
/

目只级比较大小,不
能比较多少

(
价格
price只能比较高低,用“
high
”或“
low


,不能比较贵或便宜
)

6
、比较级与最高级的互换

①.
Jim is taller than any other boy in our class.(
吉姆比我们班上任
何一个男孩都高
)
=
Jim
is
taller
than
the
other
boys
in
our
class.(

我们班上吉姆其它的男孩高
) = Jim is taller than any of the other boys
in our class. = Jim is the tallest boy in our class.
(吉姆是我们班
最高的)






. Jim is taller than any girl in our class.
(吉姆比
我们班的任何一个女孩都高)






.Tom isn
'
t as/so tall as Mike. = Tom is shorter than Mike.
= Mike is taller than Tom. = Tom is less tall than Mike.

.This book
isn
'
t as/so interesting as that book.
=This book is less interesting than that book =That book is more
interesting than this book.

7
、比较级前常用的修饰语
:

比较级前常用
a bit/a little
(一点)

much/a lot
(非常)
,even /far(


),still
等词语表示程度。而表示数量的
mo re
之前还可以加
some/ any/ no/ one/
two/ many/ several/ a lot
等词。例如:



She
is
a
little
taller
than
I
(me).

Rose
is
much more careful than Tom..

Would you like some more
coffee?(
你还要些咖啡吗?
) He did not eat any more.(
他没有再吃
) 8

使用形容词和副词比较级和最高级应注意事项
: 1. than
必须放在形容词比较级
的后面。

2.
形容词的最高级前必须有
the,
而副词的最高级前
the
可以省略。

3.
在进行比较时,必须是同类事物相比较。



His ruler is longer than I. (

)


His ruler is longer than
mine.(

)

The
weather
here
is
hotter
than
that
in
Beijing.(that
不能少
)

实用文案


文案大全


200
年江苏省中考





1.
It
was
__________
weather
that
they
decided
to
go
out
for
a picnic
无锡市

A.
such
fine B.
such
a
fine C.
so
fine D.
so fine a




2. My parents will go there by taxi because it is
raining____________.
无锡市

A. badly B. hardly C. probably D.
heavily



3.
Daniel
is
a
careful
driver,
but
he
drives
_______
of my friends.
苏州市

A.
more
carefully B.
the
most
carefully C.
less
carefully D.
the
least carefully




4
.
Mrs
King
kept
weighing
herself
to
see
how
much________she
was getting.
南京市

A. heavy









B. heavier









C. the heavier









D. the
heaviest




5.

Did you watch the basketball match last weekend?

Yes,
I
did.
It
was
covered________,
and
I
think
it
was
wonderful.
扬州市

A. live










B. alive









C living









D. lively




6.
The
girl's
voice
sounds________.
Maybe
she
can
become
a
good singer when she grows up.
淮安市

A. sweet B. sweetly









C. beautifully




7.

How are you today, Bob?

I'm even_______now. I don't
think the medicine is good for me.
南通市

A. better









B. worse










C. happier









D. unluckier




8.
Billy
has
all
kinds
of
different
ideas.
He
is________to
be a famous writer.
宿迁市

A. enough creative





B. creative enough





C. energetic enough
D. enough
energetic




9. Helen learns to dance three times a week. Now she
dances________Anita does.
宿迁市

A.
so
good
as










B.
as
well
as










C.
as
good
as










D.

想念的文章-一瞬间


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