形容词和副词讲解和习题练习(含答案)

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2021年01月17日 04:34
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2021年1月17日发(作者:曹龙)

高中英语——

形容词和副词

一、考点、热点回顾

形容词

1
、形容词的一般用法

(1)

.
作定语,一般放在所修饰词的前面。

(look, feel, smell, sou nd

.)
It
'
s a cold and windy day.
(
2.
)
作表语,放在系动词的后面。

He looks happy today.
(
3.
)
形容词修饰

something


anything


nothing


everything
等复合不定代词时,须放在其后。

Would you like something hot to drink
(
4.
)
表示长、宽、高 、深及年龄的形容词,应放在相应的名词之后。

How long is the river It
'
s about two hundred metres long.
(
5.
)
只能作表语的形容词:

afraid

alone


asleep

awake

alive

well
健康的;

ill

frightened
The man is ill.
(

)
The ill man is my uncle.
(

)
(
6.
)
只能作定语的形容词:

little
小的;

only
唯一的;

wooden
木质的;

woolen
羊毛质的;

elder
年长



My elder brother is in Beijing.
(

)
My brother is elder.
(

)
(
7
)
.
貌似副词的形容词:

lonely

friendly

lively

lovely
2
、形容词常用句型

(1)

.

It
'
s +adj.+of+sb.+
不定式”表示

某人
(
做某事
)
怎么样”

=Sb +be +adj+to do sth
注意:

这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词,



good


kind


nice


polite


clever


foolish


lazy


careful


careless


right
(
正确的
)


wrong
等。

It
'
s very kind of you to help me.
(
=You are very kind to help me.
)
(2)


.

It
'
s +adj.+for+sb.+
不定式”
表示

做某事对某人来说怎么样”
safe


useful


pleasant


interesting


impossible
等。


=To do sth is adj for sb .

意:这一句型中常用的形容词有

important


necessary


difficult


easy


hard


dangerous


It
'
s not easy for them to learn a foreign language.
(
=To learn a foreign language is not easy for
them.
)
(
3
)
.
表示感情或情绪的形容词,如

glad


pleased


sad


thankful
等常接不定式。

I
'
m very sad to hear the bad news.
(
4.
)
表示能力和意志的形容词,


ready (
乐意的,有准备的
)

able (
有能力的
)

sure(
—定
)
‘certain

(
一定
)
等常接不定式。

Lei Feng is always ready to help others.
He is sure to get to school on time.
副词

1
、副词的分类

副词按词汇意义可分为:

方式副词:

well


fast


slowly


carefully


quickly


程度副词:

very


much


enough


almost


rather


quite



地点副词:

here


there


out


somewhere


abroad


home
时间副词:

today


early

soon


now


then


recently


still
频度副词:

always


often


usually


sometimes


seldom


never
否定副词:

no


not


neither

nor
疑问副词:

where


how


why
其他:

also


too

only
2
、副词的基本用法:

(1).
副词是用来修饰形容词、其他副词

,
一般放在被修饰词之前

.
He plays the piano very well .
(2)

.
副词是用来修饰动词

,
常放在动词之后

.
He got up quickly
(3)

.enough
修饰

adj /adv


,
放在其后

.
He is old enough to go to school .
3
、常见副词用法辨析

(1).already


yet
的区别

already
用于肯定句句中,表示“已经” ;

yet
用于否定句句末,表示“还” ,用于疑问句句末,

表示

“已经”

He had
______ left when I called.
Have you found your ruler _____
(2) very


much


very much.
的区别

very
用于修饰形容词或副词的原级;

much
用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级;修饰动词要用

much.
John is
_
__ honest.
This garden is
_____

bigger than that one.
Thank you
_
____ .
(3.)so


such
的区别

1)so
修饰形容词或副词;

such
修饰名词,

My brotherruns so fast that I can
'
t follow him.
He is such a boy.
2)

so+
形容词
+a/an+
可数名词单数

such+a/an+
形容词

+
可数名词单数

such+
形容词
+
可数名词复数
/
不可数名词

He is ___ clever a boy.=He is
_
_ a clever boy.
It is __
cold weather.
They are ____ good students.
3)

名词前有

many ,much, few ,little (
少量的

)


so
不用

such .(
多多少少仍用

so)


little

very


“小的

”用

such.
There are ___ little sheep on the hill .
(4)

.also


too


as well


either
的区别

also

as well

too
,用于肯定句,

also
常用于

be
动词,

情态动词,

助动词之后,

行为动词之
前;

too
用于句末;

either
用于否定句中,置于句末。

例如,

My father is a teacher. My mother is
_
_
a
teacher.
=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher
___ .
=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher


__ .
I can' t speak French
...
Jenny can
'
t speak French,
_______ .
(5)

as well


.sometime


sometimes


some time


some times
的区别

sometime
:表示将来的或过去的某一个不确
定的时间。

sometimes
:有时,不时的

= at times


some time
:一段时间

some times
:几次,几倍

We
'
ll have a test
_
____ next month.

_
____ we are busy and sometimes we are not.
He stayed in Beijing for
_
__

last year.
I have been to Beijing
____
.
(6)

.ago


before
的区别

ago
表示以现在为起点的“以前” ,常与一般过去时连用,不可以单独使用。

before
指过去或将来的某时刻
“以前” ,也可泛指以前,常和完成时连用,可以单独使用。

I saw him ten minutes
_______
.

He told me that he had seen the film
_____
.
(7)

.now


just


just now
的区别

now
:
与一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时连用,意为“现在”

just
:
与现在完成时连用,表示“刚……”

just now
:和过去时连用,表示“刚才”

Where does he live
______
We have
_
________

seen the film.
He was here
_
______ .
(8)

.lonely / alone
的区别

1)

.alone
独自一人

/
没有同伴

,
既可作

adj
也可作

adv.
2)

.lonely
表示孤独

,
寂寞

,
也可修饰地点

,
表示荒凉

,
偏僻的,常与

feel
连用。

3)

.alone
只作表语
(

a
开头的形容词一般只作表语

He lives ____
on a ____
island .
He is ____

but he doesn
'
tfeel
____ .
(9)

.fast /quickly /soon
的区别

.
fast
表示速度之快

quickly
表示动作之快

soon
表示时间之快

Im
'
leaving home this afternoon . Really
Why so _______


不作定语
)

Ionely
既可作表语

也可作定语
)
形容词,副词的比较级、最高级

1
、规则变化

(1).
一般在词尾直接加

er


est


tall-taller-tallest


long-longer-longest
(2.)
以不发音的字母

e
结尾的单词在词尾直接加

r


st


nice-nicer-nicest
er


est


big-bigger-biggest
(3)

.
以辅音字母
+y
结尾的词,把

y
变为
i
,再加
er

est
,
heavy-heavier-heaviest
(4)

.
重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加

(5)

.
部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加

beautiful-most beautiful

:




湿








.
双写末辅再变级

.
(
big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat
)
more
构成比较级和

most
构成最高级,

beautiful-more

:
表示否定意义在其前加

less /least
important -
less important
--
l
east important
English is more interesting than Chinese =Chinese is less interesting than English .
(6.)
由“形容词
+l y

构成的副词

在其前加
more/ most
slowly---more slowly
-

most slowly
;但

early

earlier---earliest
2
、不规则变化

原级

good/well
比较级

better
最咼级

best

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