初中英语形容词和副词讲解
别妄想泡我
898次浏览
2021年01月17日 04:42
最佳经验
本文由作者推荐
英雄联盟熔岩巨兽天赋-利令智昏
初中英语形容词和副词讲解
一
形容词
（一）
用来描写或修饰名词或代词
（二）
形容词在句中作定语
,
表语
,
宾语补足语。
1.
做定语。
e.g.
This is an old house.
2.
做表语。
e.g.
I am sorry to hear that.
3.
做宾语不足语。
e.g.
She made her mother angry.
4.
形容词在句中的位置。
形容词做定语修饰名词时
复合不定代词时要放在复合不定代
词之后。
e.g.
She is a clever girl.
I saw something white in the water.
形容词修饰带有表量度的词或者词组时定语后置。
e.g.
The bridge is one hundred meters long .
5.
某些 形容词前加上定冠词
the,
可以代表一类人或东西
做主语时当复数看待。
e .g.
The old are well looked after.
We all love the beautiful.
二
副词
（一）
用来修饰动词
。
（二）
1.
作状语。
e.g.
They work hard .(
副词修饰动词
They are quite right .
He park the car very easily .
Unfortunately,he was out.
2.
作定语
时间副词和地点副词可
e.g.
The students here are all from Hubei.
3.
作表语。
e.g.
What is on this evening?(
今晚上演什么节目。
4.
作宾语补足语。
e.g.
Don't let him in.
副词按其用途和含义可分为下面五类
1)
时间副词
时间副词通常用来表示动作的时间。常见的时间副词有：
now
today,
tomorrow,
yesterday
before, late, early, never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always
等。例如：
What are we going to do tomorrow?
He is never been to Beijing.
2)
地点副词
地点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点。常见的地点副词有：
here,
there,
inside,
outside, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, somewhere, down, up,
off, on, in, out
等。例如：
I met an old friend of mine on my way home.
He went upstairs.
Put down your name here.
3)
方式副词
方式副词一般 都是回答
“
怎样的
?”
这类问题的，
其中绝大部分都是由一个形容词 加
词尾
-ly
构成的
,
有少数方式副词不带词尾
-ly,
它们与形容词同形。
常见的方式副词有：
anxiously,
badly,
bravely,
calmly,
carefully,
proudly,
rapidly,
suddenly,
successfully,
angrily,
happily,
slowly,
warmly,
well,
fast,
slow,
quick,
hard,
alone,
high,
straight,
wide
等。例如：
The old man walked home slowly.
Please listen to the teacher carefully.
The birds are flying runs very fast.
4)
程度副词
< br>程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词，有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。常见的
程度副词有：much,
(a)
little,
a
bit,
very,
so,
too,
enough,
quite,
rather,
pretty,
greatly,
completely, nearly, almost, deeply, hardly, partly
等。
例如：
Her pronunciation is very good.
She sings quite well.
I can hardly agree with you.
5)
疑问副词是用来引导特殊疑问句的副词。常见的疑问副词有：
how,
when,
where,
why
等。
例如：
How are you getting along with your studies?Where were you yesterday?Why
did you do that?
（三）
副词在句中的位置
1)
多数副词作状语时放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语，则放在宾语之后。
例如：
Mr Smith works very hard.
She speaks English well.
2)
频度副词作状语时，通常放在 行为动词之前，情态动词，助动词和
be
动词之后。
例如：
He usually gets up early.
I’ve never heard him singing.
She is seldom ill.
4)
程度副词一般放在所修饰的形容词和副词的前面
,
但
enough
作副词用时，通常放
在被修饰词的后面。
例如：
It is a rather difficult job.
He runs very fast.
He didn’t work hard enough.
5)
副词作定语时，一般放在被修饰的名词之后。
例如：
On my way home,
I met my uncle.
The students there have a lot time to do their own research work.
（四）
部分常用副词的用法
1)
very, much
这两个副词都可表示
“
很
”
，但用法不同。
Very
用来修饰形容词和副词的原级，而
much
用来修饰形容词和副词的比较级。
例如：
She is a very nice girlI’m feeling much better no
w.
Much
可以修饰动词，而
very
则不能。
例如：
I don’t like the idea much.
They did not talk much.
2) too, either
这两个副词都表示
“
也
”
，但
too
用于肯定句，
either
用于否定句。
例如：
She can dance, and I can dance, too.
I haven’t read the book and
my brother hasn’t either.
3)
already, yetalready
一般用于语肯定句，
yet
一般用于否定句。
例如：
He has already you heard from him yet?
He hasn’t answered yet.
4) so, neitherso
和
neither
都可用于倒装句，
但
so
表示肯定，
neither
表示否定。
例如：
My brother likes football and so do I.
My brother doesn’t like dancing and neither do I.
三
形容词和副词的比较等级
在英语中形容词和副词有原级
最高级有规则变化和不规则变化。
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级变化
1.
规则变化
（一）
单音节词和部分双音节词
(1)
一般在词尾加
er,est.
hard---harder---hardest
great--- greater---greatest
(2)
以字母
e
结尾的加
r,st.
nice ---nicer----nicest
able---abler ----ablest
(3)
重
读
闭< br>音
节
中
末
尾
只
有
一
个
辅< br>音
字
母
时
er,est.
big ---bigger---biggest
fat--- fatter---fatter
red--- redder---reddest
thin---thinner--- thinnest
hot---hotter---hottest
wet---wetter---wettest
（二）
多音节词和部分双音节词
,
在其前加
more构成比较级
,
加
most
构成最高级。
polite-----more
polite------most
polite
exciting-----more
exciting-----most
exciting
interesting----more interesting----most imnteresting
carefully-----more carefully -----most carefully
quickly-----more quickly-----most quickly
happily -----more happily-----most happily
（三）
表示“较不
---
”和“最不
----
” 时
less
和
least.
difficult---less difficult---least difficult
interesting---less interesting--- least interesting
2.
不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good
better
best
well
better
best
bad/ill
worse
worst
badly
worse
worst
many/much
more
most
little
less
least
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
old
older/elder
oldest/eldest
形容词和副词级的用法
原级
:
(1)
原级的基本用法
句型
:
主语
+
谓语动词
+as+
原级
+as +
比较对象
(
前者与后者一样
...)
主语
+...not+as/so+
原级
+as+
比较对象
(
前者不如后者那么
....)
The coat is as old as that one .
The weather in Beijing is not as/so hot as that in Shanghai .
(2)
原级的特殊用法
1)
表示
是
....
的几倍
句型
:
.....times +as +
原级
+ as .....
This house is three times as largeas that one .
He can run five three times as fast as his brother.
3)
表示
尽可能
......
句型
:
.....as +
原级
+ as possible/one can.
We should get
up as early as possible/we can.
比较级：
1)
两者人或事物的比较时
(不一定每一方只有一个人或一个事物
)
，用比较级。在
“比较
级
+than
”
的句型中，当
than
前后所使用的动词相同时 ，通常用助动词代替后面的
动词。（该动词或助词也可以省略）。
Our teacher is taller than we are.
The boys in her class are taller than the boys in your class.
2
）
形容词比较级
..., the+
形容词比较级
...
表示
越
...
就越
...
。
The more you study, the more you know.
3
）
形容词比较级
+ and +
形容词比较级
表示
越来越
…
...
。
It’s getting hotter and hotter.
4
）
the +
形容词
表示某种人。
He always helps the poor.
形容词和副词最高级：
用于三个或三个以上的人和物进行比 较，其中有一个在某方面超过其他几个。形容词
最高级的前面一般要定冠词
the ,
后面可以带
of / in
介词短语来说明比较的范围。
Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.
注：
1.
在形容词和副词的比较级前，
有时可以用
much ,far,a lot ,a little
等来修饰
e.g . much better , a liite more interesting
2.
比较级通常和
than
连用，而最高级通常跟有定冠词
the;
②同 级比较一般用
as…as
表
示
“
与
…
一样
”
，
这时谁强谁弱不能比较出来，
而
notso…as
则表示后者比 前者强，
翻译为
“
不
如
……”
。
形容词和副词专项练习
(
) 1. This box is___ that one.
than B. so heavy than C. heavier as D. as heavy as
(
) 2
When we speak to people, we should be
.
A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possibly C. as politely as possible D. as politely as
possibly
(
) 3
This book is____ that one, but____ than that one.
A. as difficult as; expensive B. as more difficult as; more expensive C. as difficult as; more
expensive D. more difficult as; as expensive
(
) 4
I think the story is not so ___ as that one.
A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting
(
) 5
His father began to work____ he was seven years old.
A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while
(
) 6
I think science is _ than Japanese.
A. much important B. important
C. much more important D. more much important
(
) 7
This pencil is___ than that one.
A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long
(
) 8
Do you have ____ to tell us?
A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything
(
) 9
These children are ____ this year than they were last year.
A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller
(
) 10
It was very hot yesterday, but it is___ today.
A. even hotter B. more hotter C. much more hot D. much hot
(
) 11
Mrs Black has got____ instead of getting any better.
A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse
(
) 12
When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with___ students.
A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite
(
) 13
The house is
small for a family of six. A. much too B. too much C. very much
(
) 14
Through the window we can see nothing but ____ buildings.
A. tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many D. many very tall
(
) 15
-What's your brother like? -He is___. A. a driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school
(
) 16
The jacket was so___ that he decided to buy it. A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheap
(
) 17
Our classroom is____ larger than theirs. A. more B. quite C. very D. much
(
) 18
The earth is about____ as the moon.
A. as fifty time big B. fifty times as big
C. as big fifty times D. fifty as times big
(
) 19
Your room is
mine.
A. twice as large than B. twice the size of C. bigger twice than D. as twice large as
(
) 20 Your room is ___ than mine.
A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times
(
) 21
His father is____than his mother.
A. older four years B. as four years older
C. four years older D. bigger four years
(
) 22
Maths is more popular than____.
A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject
(
) 23
China is larger than ____ in Africa.
A. any other country B. other countries C. the other country D. any country