英语二课件
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2013
年新版英语二讲义（全）
Unit 1 The Power of Language
I. New words and expressions New words
1.
critical adj.
有判断力的；判断公正（或审慎）的
2. non-fiction n.
纪实文学
3. position n.
观点；态度；立场
4. statement n.
说明；说法；表态
5. question v.
表示疑问；怀疑
out of question / out of the question
6. evaluate v.
估计；评价；评估
7. context n.
事情发生的背景，环境，来龙去脉
8. value n. values [pl.]
是非标准；价值观
valuable
invaluable=priceless
valueless
9.
represent v.
描述；表现
representative adj./n.
10.
assertion n.
明确肯定；断言
11. sufficient adj.
足够的；充足的
Sufficiency
insufficient
12. statistic n. statistics [pl.]
统计数字；统计资料
13. integrate v.
（使）合并，成为一体
14. authority n.
专家；学术权威；泰斗
an/the authority on sth.
authorize
15. compare v.
比较；对比
compare A with B
compare A to B
16. subject n.
主题；题目；题材
17. consistent adj.
相符的；符合的
18. inconsistency n.
不一致
19. assumption n.
假定；假设
20. case n.
具体情况；事例
in casein case of fire
in case that
…
a case in point
confirmed/suspected cases
21.
directly adv.
直接地；径直地
22.
identify v.
找到；发现
23. valid adj.
符合逻辑的；合理的；确凿的
validity n.
有效性，正确（性）
invalid
24. credible adj.
可信的；可靠的
incredible=unbelievable
25. landmark n.
（标志重要阶段的）里程碑
26. relevant adj.
紧密相关的；切题的
relevancy n.
关联；恰当
irrelevant
27. current adj.
现时发生的；当前的
28. appropriate adj.
合适的；恰当的
inappropriate
It's (not) appropriate that
…
.
29. bias n.
偏见；偏心；偏向
30.
considerably
adv.
非
常
；
很
；
相
当
多
地
consider
considering
considerable
consideration
31. Democrat n.
（美国）
民主党党员，民主党支持者民
32. Republican n.
（美国）共和党党员，共和党支持者
33. reflect v.
显示；表明；表达
34. informed adj.
有学问的；有见识的
well-informed
ill-informed
considerate
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Phrases and Expressions
1.
apply to
使用；应用
2.
put forth
提出；产生
3. take
…
into account
考虑到；顾及
4. accept/take
…
at face value
相信表面；信以为真
5. with a grain of salt
有保留地；持怀疑态度地
II. Text Learning
Critical Reading
①
(1)Critical reading applies to non-fiction writing in which the author puts forth a position or seeks to make a
statement. Critical reading is active reading. It involves more than just
（
不只是，
不仅仅是）
understanding what
an author is saying. Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying, and forming
your own opinions about what the author is saying. Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader.
（
启下
句）
本部分重点及难点：
1.
Critical
reading
applies
to
non-fiction
writing
in
which
the
author
puts
forth
a
position
or
seeks
to
make
a
statement.
apply to sb./sth.= be applicable to sb./sth.
apply
的派生词：
application, applicant, applicable
②
Consider the context of what is written. You may be reading something that was written by an author from a
different cultural context than yours. (2)Or, you may be reading something written some time ago in a different
time context than yours. (3)In either case, you must recognize and take into account any differences between your
values and attitudes and those represented by the author.
本部分重点及难点：
2. Or, you may be reading something written some time ago in a different time context than yours. some time
注意区分：
sometime / sometimes / some times
3. In either case, you must recognize and take into account any differences between your values and attitudes and
those represented by the author.
不论哪种情况，
你必须注意并考虑你的价值观和态度与作者所述的价 值观和
态度有何不同。
those
是代词，代替前面的复数名词
values and attitudes
。代替可数名词单数或不可数名词用
that
。例如：
The students in your class are more hard- working than those in his class. The values of the young people differ
from
those of their elders.
Your voice is
more beautiful that
that of
your classmates. The price of that book is
higher than that of this one.
请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！
【单选题】
1. The necklace her sister is wearing is much more beautiful than ______ worn by Mary. A
．
this
B
．
that C
．
these D
．
those
【答案】
B
【解析】本题考查指代词
those/that
的用法。英语句子中为了避免重复常使 用代词代替前面出现过的名词。
代替前面的复数名词用
those
；代替可数名词单数 或不可数名词用
that
。本句中空格处要填的词代替代替单
数可数名词
ne cklace
，故选
A
。此处
that
也可以换成
the one
。
【知识点】指代词
those/that
的用法
③
Question assertions made by the author. Don't accept what is written at face value. Before accepting what is
written, be certain that the author provides sufficient support for any assertions made. Look for facts,
examples, and statistics that provide support.
（承上句）
Also, look to see if the author has integrated the work of
authorities.
④
Compare
what
is
written
with
other
written
work
on
the
subject.
(4)Look
to
see
that
what
is
written
is
consistent
with
what
others
have
written
about
the
subject.
If
there
are
inconsistencies,
carefully
evaluate
the
support the author provides for the inconsistencies.
（承上句）
本部分重点及难点：
4. Look to see that what is written is consistent with what others have written about the subject. be consistent with
与……一致
consist vi.
组成（
of
）
；在于（
in）
；符合（
with
）
The
United
Kingdom
consists
of
Great
Britain
and
Northern
Ireland.
The
beauty
of
the
plan
consists
in
its
simplicity.
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This doesn't consist with what you told me earlier.
这和你先前告诉我的不符合。
consist
的派生词：
consistent, inconsistent, consistency, inconsistency
请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测
评的成绩！
【单选题】
2. To tell you the truth, I really hope that your actions will consist ______ your words this time. A
．
of
B
．
in C
．
at D
．
With
【答案】
D
【解析】本题考查
consist
的用法。
consist of
意为
由……组成
；
consist in
意为
在于
；
consist with
意为< br>
与……一致
，故选
D
。
consist
a t
不存在。该句的意思是
说实话，我真希望这次你的言行能一致
。< br>
【知
识点】
consist
的用法
⑤
Analyze
assumptions
made
by
the
author.
(5)Assumptions
are
whatever
the
author
must
believe
is
true
in
order to make assertions. In many cases, the author's assumptions are not directly stated. This means you must
read carefully in order to identify any assumptions.
（承上启下句）
Once you identify an assumption, you must
decide whether or not the assumption is valid.
⑥
Evaluate
the
sources
the
author
uses.
In
doing
this,
be
certain
that
the
sources
are
credible.
For
example,
Einstein is a credible source if the author is writing about landmark achievements in physics. Also be certain that
the sources are relevant. Einstein is not a relevant source when the subject is poetry.
（承上句）
Finally if the
author is writing about a subject in its current state, be sure that the sources are current
（启下句）
. For example,
studies done by Einstein in the early 20th century may not be appropriate if the writer is discussing the current
state of knowledge in physics.
⑦
Identify any possible author bias. (6)A written discussion of American politics will likely look considerably
different depending on whether the writer is a Democrat or a Republican. (7)What is written may very well reflect
a biased position. You need to take this possible bias into account when reading what the author has written with
⑧
By being a critical reader, you will become better informed and may change your views as appropriate.
本部
分重点及难点：
5. Assumptions are whatever the author must believe is true in order to make assertions.
whatever
引导的是表语从句，不能换成
no matter what
。名词性从句（主语，宾语，表语，同位语从句）
中，
疑问词
ever不能换成
疑问词
，状语从句中可以换用。例如：
Whoever comes to our party is welcome.
（不能换成
no matter who
…）
He will lend a helping hand to whoever
needs his help. (
不能换
) He will buy whatever his son wants.
（不能换）
Whatever you do, I will support you. (
能换成
no matter what
…
)
6.
A
written
discussion
of
American
politics
will
likely
look
considerably
different
depending
on
whether
the
writer is a Democrat or a Republican. likely
在该句中是副词
likely adj. / adv.
be likely to do sth.
It's likely that
…
a likely result
Profit will most likely have risen by about ?2 million.
利润极可能增加
200
万英镑左右。
（副词）
likely
的派生词：
unlikely, likelihood
。
例如：
The likelihood of infection is minimal.
感染的可能性极小。
7. What is written may very well reflect a biased position. a biased position
be biased to/toward(s)/against
反义词：
unbiased
III.
部分练习讲解
P111 Bridging the Gap
Directions: Fill in the blanks with a word or a phrase that best completes the passage. You may choose a suitable
one from the list given.
解题方法：把词分类
动词
名词
形容词
副词
define
action
powerful
internally